St. Justin
September 17
Death: 259
Death: 259
17 September 2020
St. HildegardeSeptember 17
St. Hildegarde
St. Hildegard, also known as St. Hildegard of Bingen and Sibyl of the Rhine, is a Doctor of the Church. She was also a writer, composer, philosopher, Christian mystic, and German Benedictine abbess. She was born around 1098 to a noble family as the youngest of ten children.
Her parents had promised their sick daughter to God, so they placed her in care of a Benedictine nun, Blessed Jutta, in the Diocese of Speyer at 8-years-old. She was taught how to read and sing the Latin psalms. Her holiness and strong piety made her adored by all who met her. It is said, from this young age, Hildegard began experiencing her visions.
When Hildegard turned 18, she became a Benedictine nun at the Monastery of St. Disibodenberg. After Jutta died in 1136, Hildegard was elected superior.
Her unique nature and strong devotion to the Holy Spirit attracted many novices to the convent. The rapid growth alarmed Hildegard. She soon moved on with eighteen other sisters to found a new Benedictine house near Bingen in 1148 and later establish a convent in Eibingen in 1165. She believed this was Divine command.
Hildegard quickly became recognized for her immense knowledge of all things faithful, music and natural science, with knowledge of herbs and medicinal arts, despite never having any formal education and not knowing how to write.
Much of her insight is believed to have been communicated by God himself through her frequent visions. At first, Hildegard did not want to make her visions public, but she would confide in her spiritual director. He passed on the knowledge to his abbot, who decided to assign a monk to document everything Hildegard saw.
Her accounts were later submitted to the bishop, who acknowledged them as being truly from God. Her visions were then brought to Pope Eugenius III with a favorable conclusion.
Hildegard's fame began to spread all throughout Europe. People traveled near and far to hear her speak and to seek help from her, even those who were not common people paid Hildegard a visit.
For remainder of her life, Hildegard continued her writings. Her principle work is called Scivias. Twenty-six of her visions and their meanings are recorded. Hildegarde wrote on many other subjects, too. Her works included commentaries on the Gospels, the Athanasian Creed, and the Rule of St. Benedict, as well as Lives of the Saints and a medical work on the well-being of the body.
Hildegard also became an important person in the history of music. There are more chant compositions surviving by St. Hildegard than any other medieval composer.
The last year of St. Hildegard's life was difficult for her and her convent. Going against the wishes of diocesan authorities, Hildegard refused to remove the body of a young man buried in the cemetery attached to her convent. The boy had previously been excommunicated, but since he received his last sacraments before dying, Hildegard felt he had been reconciled to the Church.
Her actions forced her convent to be placed under an interdict by the Bishop and chapter of Mainz. Months would pass before the interdict was lifted and Hildegard died on September 17, 1179, before the interdict was lifted. She was buried in the church of Rupertsburg. When the convent was destroyed in 1632, her relics were moved to Cologne and then to Eibingen.
After her death, she became even more venerated than she was in her life. According to her biographer, Theodoric, she was always a saint and through her intercession, many miracles occurred.
St. Hildegard became one of the first people the Roman canonization process was officially applied to. It took quite some time in the beginning stages, so she remained beatified.
On May 10, 2012, Pope Benedict XVI gave St. Hildegard an equivalent canonization, and laid down the groundwork for naming her a Doctor of the Church. Five months later, she officially became a Doctor of the Church, making her the fourth woman of 35 saints to be given that title by the Roman Catholic Church. Pope Benedict XVI called Hildegard, "perennially relevant" and "an authentic teacher of theology and a profound scholar of natural science and music."
St. Hildegard's feast day is celebrated on September 17.
St. Emmanuel TrieuSeptember 17
St. Emmanuel Trieu
September 17
Death: 1798
Death: 1798
Martyr of Vietnam, an ordained priest. A native Vietnamese, he joined the army but was ordained and worked under the auspices of the Foreign Mission of Paris. While visiting his mother, he was arrested in the anti-Christian persecution and martyred by beheading. Emmanuel was canonized in 1988.
The Vietnamese Martyrs (Vietnamese: Các Thánh Tử đạo Việt Nam), also known as the Martyrs of Annam, Martyrs of Tonkin and Cochinchina, Martyrs of Indochina, or Andrew Dung-Lac and Companions (Anrê Dũng-Lạc và các bạn tử đạo), are saints on the General Roman Calendar who were canonized by Pope John Paul II. On June 19, 1988, thousands of overseas Vietnamese worldwide gathered at the Vatican for the Celebration of the Canonization of 117 Vietnamese Martyrs, an event chaired by Monsignor Tran Van Hoai. Their memorial is on November 24 (although several of these saints have another memorial, as they were beatified and on the calendar prior to the canonization of the group).
History
The Vatican estimates the number of Vietnamese martyrs at between 130,000 and 300,000. John Paul II decided to canonize those whose names are known and unknown, giving them a single feast day.
The Vietnamese Martyrs fall into several groupings, those of the Dominican and Jesuit missionary era of the 18th century and those killed in the politically inspired persecutions of the 19th century. A representative sample of only 117 martyrs—including 96 Vietnamese, 11 Spanish Dominicans, and 10 French members of the Paris Foreign Missions Society (Missions Etrangères de Paris (MEP))—were beatified on four separate occasions: 64 by Pope Leo XIII on May 27, 1900; eight by Pope Pius X on May 20, 1906; 20 by Pope Pius X on May 2, 1909; and 25 by Pope Pius XII on April 29, 1951.[citation needed] All these 117 Vietnamese Martyrs were canonized on June 19, 1988. A young Vietnamese Martyr, Andrew Phú Yên, was beatified in March, 2000 by Pope John Paul II.
Vietnamese martyrs Paul Mi, Pierre Duong, Pierre Truat, martyred on 18 December 1838.
The tortures these individuals underwent are considered by the Vatican to be among the worst in the history of Christian martyrdom. The torturers hacked off limbs joint by joint, tore flesh with red hot tongs, and used drugs to enslave the minds of the victims. Christians at the time were branded on the face with the words "tà đạo" (邪道, lit. "Left (Sinister) religion")[1] and families and villages which subscribed to Christianity were obliterated.[2]
The letters and example of Théophane Vénard inspired the young Saint Thérèse of Lisieux to volunteer for the Carmelitenunnery at Hanoi, though she ultimately contracted tuberculosis and could not go. In 1865 Vénard's body was transferred to his Congregation's church in Paris, but his head remains in Vietnam.[3]
There are several Catholic parishes in the United States, Canada, and elsewhere dedicated to the Martyrs of Vietnam (Holy Martyrs of Vietnam Parishes), one of which is located in Arlington, Texas in the Dallas-Fort Worth area.[4] Others can be found in Houston, Austin, Texas,[5]Denver, Seattle, San Antonio,[6] Arlington, Virginia, Richmond, Virginia, and Norcross, Georgia. There are also churches named after individual saints, such as St. Philippe Minh Church in Saint Boniface, Manitoba.[7]
The Nguyen Campaign against Catholicism in the 19th century
The Catholic Church in Vietnam was devastated during the Tây Sơn rebellionin the late 18th century. During the turmoil, the missions revived, however, as a result of cooperation between the French Vicar Apostolic Pigneaux de Behaine and Nguyen Anh. After Nguyen's victory in 1802, in gratitude to assistance received, he ensured protection to missionary activities. However, only a few years into the new emperor's reign, there was growing antipathy among officials against Catholicism and missionaries reported that it was purely for political reasons that their presence was tolerated.[8] Tolerance continued until the death of the emperor and the new emperor Minh Mang succeeding to the throne in 1820.
Converts began to be harassed without official edicts in the late 1820s, by local governments. In 1831 the emperor passed new laws on regulations for religious groupings in Viet Nam, and Catholicism was then officially prohibited. In 1832, the first act occurred in a largely Catholic village near Hue, with the entire community being incarcerated and sent into exile in Cambodia. In January 1833 a new kingdom-wide edict was passed calling on Vietnamese subjects to reject the religion of Jesus and required suspected Catholics to demonstrate their renunciation by walking on a wooden cross. Actual violence against Catholics, however, did not occur until the Lê Văn Khôi revolt.[8]
During the rebellion, a young French missionary priest named Joseph Marchand was living in sickness in the rebel Gia Dinh citadel. In October 1833, an officer of the emperor reported to the court that a foreign Christian religious leader was present in the citadel. This news was used to justify the edicts against Catholicism, and led to the first executions of missionaries in over 40 years. The first executed was named Francois Gagelin. Marchand was captured and executed as a "rebel leader" in 1835; he was put to death by "slicing".[8] Further repressive measures were introduced in the wake of this episode in 1836. Prior to 1836, village heads had only to simply report to local mandarins about how their subjects had recanted Catholicism; after 1836, officials could visit villages and force all the villagers to line up one by one to trample on a cross and if a community was suspected of harbouring a missionary, militia could block off the village gates and perform a rigorous search; if a missionary was found, collective punishment could be meted out to the entire community.[8]
Missionaries and Catholic communities were able to sometimes escape this through bribery of officials; they were also sometimes victims of extortion attempts by people who demanded money under the threat that they would report the villages and missionaries to the authorities.[8] The missionary Father Pierre Duclos said:
with gold bars murder and theft blossom among honest people.[8]
The court became more aware of the problem of the failure to enforce the laws and applied greater pressure on its officials to act; officials that failed to act or those tho who were seen to be acting too slowly were demoted or removed from office (and sometimes were given severe corporal punishment), while those who attacked and killed the Christians could receive promotion or other rewards. Lower officials or younger family members of officials were sometimes tasked with secretly going through villages to report on hidden missionaries or Catholics that had not apostasized.[8]
The first missionary arrested during this (and later executed) was the priest Jean-Charles Cornay in 1837. A military campaign was conducted in Nam Dinh after letters were discovered in a shipwrecked vessel bound for Macao. Quang Tri and Quang Binh officials captured several priests along with the French missionary Bishop Pierre Dumoulin-Borie in 1838 (who was executed). The court translator, Francois Jaccard, a Catholic who had been kept as a prisoner for years and was extremely valuable to the court, was executed in late 1838; the official who was tasked with this execution, however, was almost immediately dismissed.[8]
A priest, Father Ignatius Delgado, was captured in the village of Can Lao (Nam Định Province), put in a cage on public display for ridicule and abuse, and died of hunger and exposure while waiting for execution; [1] the officer and soldiers that captured him were greatly rewarded (about 3 kg of silver was distributed out to all of them), as were the villagers that had helped to turn him over to the authorities.[8] The bishop Dominic Henares was found in Giao Thuy district of Nam Dinh (later executed); the villagers and soldiers that participated in his arrest were also greatly rewarded (about 3 kg of silver distributed). The priest, Father Joseph Fernandez, and a local priest, Nguyen Ba Tuan, were captured in Kim Song, Nam Dinh; the provincial officials were promoted, the peasants who turned them over were given about 3 kg of silver and other rewards were distributed. In July 1838, a demoted governor attempting to win back his place did so successfully by capturing the priest Father Dang Dinh Vien in Yen Dung, Bac Ninh province. (Vien was executed). In 1839, the same official captured two more priests: Father Dinh Viet Du and Father Nguyen Van Xuyen (also both executed).[8]
In Nhu Ly near Hue, an elderly catholic doctor named Simon Hoa was captured and executed. He had been sheltering a missionary named Charles Delamotte, whom the villagers had pleaded with him to send away. The village was also supposed to erect a shrine for the state-cult, which the doctor also opposed. His status and age protected him from being arrested until 1840, when he was put on trial and the judge pleaded (due to his status in Vietnamese society as both an elder and a doctor) with him to publicly recant; when he refused he was publicly executed.[8]
A peculiar episode occurred in late 1839, when a village in Quang Ngai province called Phuoc Lam was victimized by four men who extorted cash from the villagers under threat of reporting the Christian presence to the authorities. The governor of the province had a Catholic nephew who told him about what happened, and the governor then found the four men (caught smoking opium) and had two executed as well as two exiled. When a Catholic lay leader then came to the governor to offer their gratitude (thus perhaps exposing what the governor had done), the governor told him that those who had come to die for their religion should now prepare themselves and leave something for their wives and children; when news of the whole episode came out, the governor was removed from office for incompetence.[8]
Many officials preferred to avoid execution because of the threat to social order and harmony it represented, and resorted to use of threats or torture in order to force Catholics to recant. Many villagers were executed alongside priests according to mission reports. The emperor died in 1841, and this offered respite for Catholics. However, some persecution still continued after the new emperor took office. Catholic villages were forced to build shrines to the state cult. The missionary Father Pierre Duclos (quoted above) died in prison in after being captured on the Saigon river in June 1846. The boat he was traveling in, unfortunately contained the money that was set for the annual bribes of various officials (up to 1/3 of the annual donated French mission budget for Cochinchina was officially allocated to 'special needs') in order to prevent more arrests and persecutions of the converts; therefore, after his arrest, the officials then began wide searches and cracked down on the catholic communities in their jurisdictions. The amount of money that the French mission societies were able to raise, made the missionaries a lucrative target for officials that wanted cash, which could even surpass what the imperial court was offering in rewards. This created a cycle of extortion and bribery which lasted for years.[8]
List of Vietnamese Martyrs
Those whose names are known are listed below:
Please keep in mind that these are the anglicized versions of their names
- Andrew Dung-Lac An Tran
- Augustin Schoeffler, MEP, a priestfrom France
- Agnes Le Thi Thanh
- Bernard Vũ Văn Duệ
- Emmanuel Le Van Phung
- Emmanuel Trieu Van Nguyen
- Francis Chieu Van Do
- Francis Gil de Frederich|Francesc (Francis) Gil de Federich, OP, a priest from Catalonia (Spain)
- François-Isidore Gagelin, MEP, a priest from France
- Francis Jaccard, MEP, a priest from France
- Francis Trung Von Tran
- Francis Nguyen
- Ignatius Delgado y Cebrian, OP, a bishop from Spain
- Jacinto (Hyacinth) Casteñeda, OP, a priest from Spain
- James Nam
- Jerome Hermosilla, OP, a bishop from Spain
- John Baptist Con
- John Charles Cornay, MEP, a priest from France
- John Dat
- John Hoan Trinh Doan
- John Louis Bonnard, MEP, a priest from France
- John Thanh Van Dinh
- José María Díaz Sanjurjo, OP, a bishop from Spain
- Joseph Canh Luang Hoang
- Joseph Fernandez, OP, a priest from Spain
- Joseph Hien Quang Do
- Joseph Khang Duy Nguyen
- Joseph Luu Van Nguyen
- Joseph Marchand, MEP, a priest from France
- Joseph Nghi Kim
- Joseph Thi Dang Le
- Joseph Uyen Dinh Nguyen
- Joseph Vien Dinh Dang
- Joseph Khang, a local doctor
- Joseph Tuc
- Joseph Tuan Van Tran
- Lawrence Ngon
- Lawrence Huong Van Nguyen
- Luke Loan Ba Vu
- Luke Thin Viet Pham
- Martin Tho
- Martin Tinh Duc Ta
- Matthew Alonzo Leziniana, OP, a priest from Spain
- Matthew Phuong Van Nguyen
- Matthew Gam Van Le
- Melchor García Sampedro, OP, a bishop from Spain
- Michael Dinh-Hy Ho
- Michael My Huy Nguyen
- Nicholas Thé Duc Bui
- Paul Hanh
- Paul Khoan Khan Pham
- Paul Loc Van Le
- Paul Tinh Bao Le
- Paul Tong Viet Buong
- Paul Duong
- Pere (Peter) Almató i Ribera, OP, a priest from Catalonia (Spain)
- Peter Tuan
- Peter Dung Van Dinh
- Peter Da
- Peter Duong Van Truong
- Peter Francis Néron, MEP, a priest from France
- Peter Hieu Van Nguyen
- Peter Quy Cong Doan
- Peter Thi Van Truong Pham
- Peter Tuan Ba Nguyen, a fisherman
- Peter Tuy Le
- Peter Van Van Doan
- Philip Minh Van Doan
- Pierre Borie, MEP, a bishop from France
- Simon Hoa Dac Phan
- Stephen Theodore Cuenot, MEP, a bishop from France
- Stephen Vinh
- Théophane Vénard, MEP, a priest from France
- Thomas De Van Nguyen
- Thomas Du Viet Dinh
- Thomas Thien Tran
- Thomas Toan
- Thomas Khuong
- Valentine Berriochoa, OP, a bishop from the Basque Country
- Vicente Liem de la Paz
- Vincent Duong
- Vincent Tuong, a local judge
- Vincent Yen Do.
St. Ariadne September 17
St. Ariadne
Feastday: September 17
Death: 130
Death: 130
Martyr of Phrygia. Ariadne was a slave in the household of a Phrygian prince. When pagan rites were performed in honor of the prince's birthday, she refused to take part. hunted by the authorities, she entered a chasm in a ridge. The chasm opened miraculously before her and closed behind her, providing her with a tomb.
Saint Ariadne of Phrygia (died 130 AD) is a 2nd-century Christian saint. According to legend, she was a slave in the household of a Phrygian prince. She refused to participate in rites to a pagan god as part of the prince's birthday celebration. As she was fleeing the Roman authorities, she fell through a chasm in a ridge and was entombed.[
St. AgathocliaSeptember 17
St. Agathoclia
September 17
Virgin martyr, a patroness of a region in Aragon, Spain. Agathoclia was an abused slave who suffered for the faith in a public trial.
Saint Agathoclia (Agathocleia;[1] Spanish: Santa Agatoclia) (d. ~230 AD) is venerated as a patron saint of Mequinenza, Aragón, Spain. Her feast day is September 17.
Biography
Tradition states that she was a virginChristian slave owned by two people who had converted to paganism from Christianity, named Nicolas and Paulina. They subjected Agathoclia to regular physical abuse, including whipping and other violence, in an effort to get Agathoclia to renounce her faith. She repeatedly refused to do so.
Her owners then subjected her to a public trial by a local magistrate. There too, she refused to renounce Christianity, which subjected her to savage mangling from the authorities. When she was found guilty, her sentence included having her tongue cut out, a nonfatal injury.
There is some disagreement about how Agathoclia met her death. Some sources say that her mistress Paulina poured burning coals on her neck. Other sources say that she herself was cast into fire.
Veneration
The town of Mequinenza celebrates festivals in honor of Santa Agatoclia (called simply “La Santa”) from September 16 to 20.[2] There is also a confraternity in the town dedicated to the saint.[3]
September 17Saint of the day:Saint Sophia
September 17
Saint of the day:
Saint Sophia
Mother Wisdom of Saints Faith, Hope & Charity
Today is Saint Sophia of Milan feast date
Other feast dates are:
August 1
September 30
Patron Saint of Widows
Prayer:
Visit:
Saint Sophia Cathedral
1324 S. Normandie Avenue
Los Angeles, CA 90006
(323) 737-2424
Saint Sophia Cathedral is patterned after Saint Sophia of Constantinople (now Istanbul),
the great and ancient church of Eastern Christendom, Byzantine / Orthodox
http://www.stsophia.org/about/cathedral_tour.html
Saint Sophia's Story
Saints Faith, Hope and Charity
are a group of Christian martyred saints, venerated together with their mother, Sophia ("Wisdom").
Although earlier editions of the Roman Martyrology commemorated Saints Faith, Hope and Charity on 1 August and their mother Sophia on 30 September, the present text of this official but professedly incomplete catalogue of saints of the Roman Catholic Church has no feast dedicated to the three saints or their mother: the only Sophia included is an early Christian virgin martyr of Picenum in Italy, commemorated with her companion Vissia on 12 April; another early Christian martyr, Saint Faith (Fides), of Aquitania (southern France), is celebrated on 6 October, a Saint Hope (Spes), an abbot of Nursia who died in about 517, is commemorated on 23 May, and no saint Charity (Caritas) is included, although saints with somewhat similar names, Carissa and Carissima, are given, respectively under 16 April and 7 September. Their feast day of August 1 was not entered in the General Roman Calendar, and they have since been removed from the Roman Martyrology.
References of the time of Gregory the Great suggest two groups of martyrs, mother and daughters, one buried on the Aurelian Way and the other on the Via Appia. According to the Passio, Sophia was a widow of Milan who gave away her possessions and moved to Rome with her daughters. Her daughters were martyred before her and she buried them at Via Appia. She died a natural death three days later while praying at the grave of her daughters. The oldest version of the Passio is BHL 2966. Caesar Baronius introduced the saints to the Roman Martyrology in the late 16th century.
Their tomb in a crypt beneath the church afterwards erected to Saint Pancratius was long a place of resort for pilgrims, as detailed in various documents of the seventh century, such as an Itinerarium (or guide to the holy places of Rome compiled for the use of pilgrims) still preserved at Salzburg, the list, preserved in the cathedral archives of Monza, of the oils gathered from the tombs of the martyrs and sent to Queen Theodelinda in the time of Gregory the Great, etc.
Saxer (2000) notes that early Christians from the 4th century indeed often took in baptism mystical names indicative of Christian virtues, and Sophia, Sapientia, Fides are attested as names of Christian women in Catacomb inscriptions. The veneration of the three saints named for the three theological virtues probably arose in the 6th century based on such inscriptions. Critical scholarship is unanimous in assuming that the hagiographical tradition is spurious, likely inspired by Latin inscriptions referring to the theological either to concepts of Holy Wisdom, Faith, Hope and Charity. Her veneration is first recorded in the late 6th century, her being mentioned in the inventory of holy chrisms collected on behalf of Theodelinda, queen of the Lombards.
The veneration of Sophia of Milan became indistinguishable from that of Sophia of Rome in the medieval period. Relics either of her or of Sophia of Rome were transferred to to the women's convent at Eschau in Alsace in 778 from where her cult spread to Germany. She is the patron saint of widows. A 14th-century fresco of the saints is in St. Agnes chapel in Cologne Cathedral.
ஸ்பெயின் நாட்டுப் புனித கொலம்பா (-853)செப்டம்பர் 17
ஸ்பெயின் நாட்டுப் புனித கொலம்பா (-853)
செப்டம்பர் 17
இவர் ஸ்பெயின் நாட்டைச் சார்ந்தவர்; இவரது குடும்பம் இறைவன்மீது மிகுந்த பற்றுக்கொண்ட குடும்பம்.
இவரது சிறு வயதிலேயே இவருடைய தந்தை இவரை விட்டுப் பிரிந்தார். அதனால் இவர் தன் தாயின் பராமரிப்பில் வளர்ந்து வந்தார்.
இவர் வளர்ந்து பெரியவரானபோது, இவரது தாயார் இவரை ஒருவருக்கு மணமுடித்துக் கொடுக்க நினைத்தார்; ஆனால் இவர் தன்னை ஆண்டவருக்கு அர்ப்பணித்துவிட்டதாகச் சொன்னபோது, அவர் இவரைத் தன் விருப்பப்படி துறவற சபையில் சேர அனுமதித்தார்.
இதன் பிறகு இவர் டபனோஸ் இந்த இடத்தில் இருந்த துறவுமடத்தில் சேர்ந்து, ஆண்டவருக்குத் தன்னை அர்ப்பணித்து வாழ்ந்து வந்தார். அப்பொழுதுதான் மூர் இனத்தைச் சார்ந்தவர்கள் இவர் இருந்த பகுதியில் படையெடுப்பு நடத்தினர். துறவுமடத்திலிருந்த எல்லாரும் உயிருக்கு அஞ்சி கோர்டோவா என்ற இடத்திற்குத் தப்பித்து ஓடியபொழுது, இவர் மட்டும் அஞ்சாமல் அங்கேயே மிக உறுதியாக இருந்தார்.
இதனால் இவர் மூர் இனத்தவர் தன்னிடம் வந்து, கிறிஸ்துவை மறுதலிக்கச் சொன்னபொழுது, "கிறிஸ்துவை நான் ஒருபோதும் மறுதலிக்க மாட்டேன்" என்று சொல்லி தன்னுடைய நம்பிக்கையில் மிக உறுதியாக இருந்தார். இதனால் இவர் 853 ஆம் ஆண்டு தலையை வெட்டிக் கொல்லப்பட்டார்.
St. Columba of Spain
Feastday: September 17
Death: 853
A Spanish virgin and martyr of Cordoba. She served as a nun at Tabanos until the Moorish persecution started in 852. Going to Cordoba, she refused to deny the faith and was beheaded.
Saint Columba of Spain, or Columba of Cordova (Cordoba), was a nun who was born in Cordoba, Spain and martyred around 853 by the Moors.
Contents
1 History
2 Saint Comba
3 See also
4 References
5 External links
History
She was a nun at the monastery at Tabanos, near Cordoba, where it is related that she was beheaded by the Moors in 853. Her body is said to have been thrown into the Guadalquivir, but was rescued by the Christians. Her relics were kept and venerated in Old Castile at two churches, the priory of St. Columba and the royal Abbey of Our Lady at Nájera.[1][2]
Saint Comba
Veneration of "Saint Comba" in Galicia dates from the Middle Ages; her cult, according to Allyson M. Poska, was "probably a combination of the cults of two virgin martyrs."[3] These were Columba of Sens and Columba of Spain.[3]
A Galician legend held that before becoming a virtuous virgin martyr, Comba was a witch.[3] This legend relates that one day, the witch Comba, encountering Jesus Christ on a Galician road, changed her life after Christ remarked, “Go ahead and be the witch, but you will not enter my kingdom.”[4] The tale states that Comba converted to Christianity and was martyred for her faith after refusing to deny it, or after refusing the sexual advances of men. She became the patron saint of witches in Galicia, acting both as an intercessor on behalf of witches and as an intercessor against witches.[5]
At Coimbra, according to one 19th century travel guide, there was a small chapel that was said to mark the spot where Comba suffered martyrdom, and that "towards the close of the spring, the young girls of Coimbra deck her shrine with wreaths of roses in remembrance of the rosy crown of martyrdom they believe she won."[6]
✠ பிங்கென் புனிதர் ஹில்டெகார்ட் ✠(St. Hildegard of Bingen)செப்டம்பர் 17
† இன்றைய புனிதர் †
(செப்டம்பர் 17)
✠ பிங்கென் புனிதர் ஹில்டெகார்ட் ✠
(St. Hildegard of Bingen)
மறைவல்லுநர், ரைனின் இறைவாக்கினர்:
(Doctor of the Church, Sibyl of the Rhine)
பிறப்பு: கி.பி. 1098
பெர்மெர்சீம் வோர் டெர் யோகே
(Bermersheim vor der Höhe, County Palatine of the Rhine, Holy Roman Empire)
இறப்பு: செப்டம்பர் 17, 1179 (வயது 81)
ரைன் ஆற்றுக்கரை பிங்கென்
(Bingen am Rhein, County Palatine of the Rhine, Holy Roman Empire)
ஏற்கும் சமயம்:
ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை
(Roman Catholic Church)
ஆங்கிலிக்கன் ஒன்றியம்
(Anglican Communion)
லூதரனியம்
(Lutheranism)
முக்திபேறு பட்டம்: ஆகஸ்ட் 26, 1326
திருத்தந்தை இருபத்திஇரண்டாம் ஜான்
(Pope John XXII)
புனிதர் பட்டம்: மே 10, 2012
திருத்தந்தை பதினாறாம் பெனடிக்ட்
(Pope Benedict XVI)
முக்கிய திருத்தலங்கள்:
ஐபிங்கென் மட ஆலயம்
(Eibingen Abbey, Germany)
நினைவுத் திருநாள்: செப்டம்பர் 17
புனிதர் ஹில்டெகார்ட் ஓர் எழுத்தாளரும், இறை இசையமைப்பாளரும், மெய்யியலாளரும், கிறிஸ்தவ உள்ளுணர்வாளரும், இறைக்காட்சியாளரும், ஜெர்மனிய கன்னியர் மடத்தின் தலைவியாக இருந்தவரும், பன்முக திறனாளரும் ஆவார். இவர் கத்தோலிக்கத் திருச்சபையில் பெண் இறைவாக்கினர் என்று அங்கீகரிக்கப்பட்ட முதல் பெண் ஆவார்.
கி.பி. 1136ம் ஆண்டில் சக கன்னியர்களால் ஆதீனத்தலைவியாக தேர்ந்தெடுக்கப்பட்ட ஹில்டெகார்ட் 1150ம் ஆண்டு, ரூபரட்சுபெர்க்கில் ஓர் மடத்தையும் 1165ம் ஆண்டு, ஐபிங்கெனில் ஓர் மடத்தையும் நிறுவினார். இவரது ஆக்கமான ஓர்டோ விர்சுதும் (Ordo Virtutum) கிறிஸ்தவ சமய நாடகங்களுக்கு ஓர் முன்னோடியாகும். சமயவியல், தாவரவியல் மற்றும் மருத்துவத் துறைகளில் இவர் பல நூல்களை எழுதியுள்ளார். மேலும் இவரது படைப்புகளில் கடிதங்கள், சமயப் பாடல்கள், கவிதைகள் மற்றும் நாடகங்களும் அடங்கும். சிறு சித்தரிப்புகளையும் மேற்பார்வையிட்டுள்ளார்.
கி.பி. 1098ம் ஆண்டு, ஜெர்மனியின் உயர்குலத்தில் பணக்காரக் குடும்பத்தில் ஹில்டெகார்ட் பிறந்தார். தனது 8வது வயதில் பெனடிக்ட் சபை துறவு மடத்துக்குக் கல்வி பயிலச் சென்றார். 18வது வயதில் அக்கன்னியர் மடத்திலேயே சேர்ந்து துறவு வாழ்வை மேற்கொண்டார். 20 ஆண்டுகள் கழித்து 1136ம் ஆண்டில் துறவு மடத்தின் தலைவியானார். அதற்கு அடுத்த நான்கு ஆண்டுகள் இறைக் காட்சிகளைக் கண்டார் என்பர். 1140ம் ஆண்டு முதல் 1150ம் ஆண்டுவரை அக்காட்சிகளைப் படங்களோடும் விளக்கங்களோடும் எழுதி வைத்துள்ளார். இதற்கிடையில் இக்காட்சிகள் உண்மையானதா எனக் கண்டறிவதற்கு திருத்தந்தை மூன்றாம் யூஜின் ஒரு விசாரணைக் குழுவை அனுப்பினார். இக்காட்சிகள் உண்மையானவை என அக்குழு திருத்தந்தைக்கு அறிக்கை சமர்ப்பித்தது.
ஹில்டெகார்ட், தெற்கு ஜெர்மனி, சுவிட்சர்லாந்து, பாரிஸ் எனப் பல இடங்களுக்குப் பயணம் செய்து மறை போதித்து வந்தார். இவரது மறையுரைகளைக் கேட்டவர் அனைவரும் அவர் பக்கம் ஈர்க்கப்பட்டனர். எழுத்துவடிவிலும் மறையுரைகளைத் தருமாறு அவர்கள் கேட்டுக் கொண்டனர். ஹில்டெகார்ட் தனது வாழ்வின் இறுதிக் கட்டத்தில் துன்பம் அனுபவித்தார். திருச்சபையிலிருந்து விலக்கி வைக்கப்பட்டிருந்த இளம் கிறிஸ்தவர் ஒருவர் இறந்தபோது அவருக்கு கிறிஸ்தவ முறைப்படி அடக்கச் சடங்கை நிறைவேற்றினார். இதனால் கடுமையாக எதிர்க்கப்பட்டார். இந்தக் கிறிஸ்தவர் மரணப்படுக்கையில் தனது தவறுகளுக்காக வருந்தி திருவருட்சாதனங்களையும் பெற்றார் என்பது இவர் தரப்பு வாதம். இதனால் இவரது கன்னியர் இல்லம் விலக்கி வைக்கப்பட்டது. இதனைக் கடுமையாய் எதிர்த்தார் ஹில்டெகார்ட். பின்னர் இவ்விலக்கு நீக்கப்பட்டது. 1179ம் ஆண்டு, செப்டம்பர் மாதம், 17ம் தேதி தனது 81வது வயதில் இவர் இறந்தார்.
பேரரசர்கள், திருத்தந்தையர்கள், ஆயர்கள், அருள்சகோதரிகள் மற்றும் உயர்குலப் பிரபுக்களுக்கு எழுதிய நூற்றுக்கு மேற்பட்ட கடிதங்கள், ஒரு நாடகம் உட்பட 72 பாடல்கள், ஏழு புத்தகங்கள் உட்பட ஹில்டெகார்ட் எழுதியவை இன்றும் உள்ளன. இவர் எழுதிய இசைக் குறிப்புகள் இக்காலத்திலும் வாசிக்கக்கூடிய வடிவில் உள்ளன. இவரது எழுத்துக்களில் அறிவியல், கலை, மதம் ஆகிய அனைத்துத் துறைகளும் இருக்கின்றன. ஒவ்வொரு மனிதரையும் இறைவனின் சாயலாகப் பார்த்த இவர், சமூகநீதிக்காவும், ஒடுக்கப்பட்டோரின் விடுதலைக்காவும் அயராது உழைத்தார். 12ம் நூற்றாண்டில் திருச்சபையில் பெரும் மாற்றத்திற்கும் சீர்திருத்தத்திற்கும் வித்திட்டவர் இவர் என நம்பப்படுகின்றது.
இவருக்கு முறையான புனிதர் பட்டமளிப்பு நிகழவில்லை எனினும் இவரின் பெயர் புனிதர்கள் பட்டியலில் இருந்தது. இவரின் புனிதர் பட்ட நிலையில் இருந்த குழப்பத்தை நீக்க, திருத்தந்தை பதினாறாம் பெனடிக்ட், 2012ம் ஆண்டு, மே மாதம், 10ம் நாளன்று, இவரின் பக்தியை அதிகாரப்பூர்வமான ஒன்றாக அறிவித்தார். 2012ம் ஆண்டு, அக்டோபர் மாதம், 7ம் நாளன்று, இவரை திருச்சபையின் மறைவல்லுநர் என திருத்தந்தை பதினாறாம் பெனடிக்ட் அறிவித்தார்.
St. Hildegard of Bingen
Feastday: September 17
Birth: 1098
Death: September 17, 1179
St. Hildegard, also known as St. Hildegard of Bingen and Sibyl of the Rhine, is a Doctor of the Church. She was also a writer, composer, philosopher, Christian mystic, and German Benedictine abbess. She was born around 1098 to a noble family as the youngest of ten children.
Her parents had promised their sick daughter to God, so they placed her in care of a Benedictine nun, Blessed Jutta, in the Diocese of Speyer at 8-years-old. She was taught how to read and sing the Latin psalms. Her holiness and strong piety made her adored by all who met her. It is said, from this young age, Hildegard began experiencing her visions.
When Hildegard turned 18, she became a Benedictine nun at the Monastery of St. Disibodenberg. After Jutta died in 1136, Hildegard was elected superior.
Her unique nature and strong devotion to the Holy Spirit attracted many novices to the convent. The rapid growth alarmed Hildegard. She soon moved on with eighteen other sisters to found a new Benedictine house near Bingen in 1148 and later establish a convent in Eibingen in 1165. She believed this was Divine command.
Hildegard quickly became recognized for her immense knowledge of all things faithful, music and natural science, with knowledge of herbs and medicinal arts, despite never having any formal education and not knowing how to write.
Much of her insight is believed to have been communicated by God himself through her frequent visions. At first, Hildegard did not want to make her visions public, but she would confide in her spiritual director. He passed on the knowledge to his abbot, who decided to assign a monk to document everything Hildegard saw.
Her accounts were later submitted to the bishop, who acknowledged them as being truly from God. Her visions were then brought to Pope Eugenius III with a favorable conclusion.
Hildegard's fame began to spread all throughout Europe. People traveled near and far to hear her speak and to seek help from her, even those who were not common people paid Hildegard a visit.
For remainder of her life, Hildegard continued her writings. Her principle work is called Scivias. Twenty-six of her visions and their meanings are recorded. Hildegarde wrote on many other subjects, too. Her works included commentaries on the Gospels, the Athanasian Creed, and the Rule of St. Benedict, as well as Lives of the Saints and a medical work on the well-being of the body.
Hildegard also became an important person in the history of music. There are more chant compositions surviving by St. Hildegard than any other medieval composer.
The last year of St. Hildegard's life was difficult for her and her convent. Going against the wishes of diocesan authorities, Hildegard refused to remove the body of a young man buried in the cemetery attached to her convent. The boy had previously been excommunicated, but since he received his last sacraments before dying, Hildegard felt he had been reconciled to the Church.
Her actions forced her convent to be placed under an interdict by the Bishop and chapter of Mainz. Months would pass before the interdict was lifted and Hildegard died on September 17, 1179, before the interdict was lifted. She was buried in the church of Rupertsburg. When the convent was destroyed in 1632, her relics were moved to Cologne and then to Eibingen.
After her death, she became even more venerated than she was in her life. According to her biographer, Theodoric, she was always a saint and through her intercession, many miracles occurred.
St. Hildegard became one of the first people the Roman canonization process was officially applied to. It took quite some time in the beginning stages, so she remained beatified.
On May 10, 2012, Pope Benedict XVI gave St. Hildegard an equivalent canonization, and laid down the groundwork for naming her a Doctor of the Church. Five months later, she officially became a Doctor of the Church, making her the fourth woman of 35 saints to be given that title by the Roman Catholic Church. Pope Benedict XVI called Hildegard, "perennially relevant" and "an authentic teacher of theology and a profound scholar of natural science and music."
St. Hildegard's feast day is celebrated on September 17.
Hildegard of Bingen OSB (German: Hildegard von Bingen; Latin: Hildegardis Bingensis; 1098 – 17 September 1179), also known as Saint Hildegard and the Sibyl of the Rhine, was a German Benedictine abbess, writer, composer, philosopher, Christian mystic, visionary, and polymath.[1][2] She is one of the best-known composers of sacred monophony, as well as the most-recorded in modern history.[3] She has been considered by many in Europe to be the founder of scientific natural history in Germany.[4]
Hildegard's fellow nuns elected her as magistra in 1136; she founded the monasteries of Rupertsberg in 1150 and Eibingen in 1165. She wrote theological, botanical, and medicinal texts, as well as letters, liturgical songs for women choirs to sing[2] and poems, while supervising miniature illuminations in the Rupertsberg manuscript of her first work, Scivias.[5] There are more surviving chants by Hildegard than by any other composer from the entire Middle Ages, and she is one of the few known composers to have written both the music and the words.[6] One of her works, the Ordo Virtutum, is an early example of liturgical drama and arguably the oldest surviving morality play.[7] She is also noted for the invention of a constructed language known as Lingua Ignota.
Although the history of her formal canonization is complicated, branches of the Roman Catholic Church have recognized her as a saint for centuries. On 10 May 2012, Pope Benedict XVI extended the liturgical cult of St. Hildegard to the entire Catholic Church in a process known as "equivalent canonization". On 7 October 2012, he named her a Doctor of the Church, in recognition of "her holiness of life and the originality of her teaching."[8]
ஆயர் இராபர்ட் பெல்லார்மின், மறைவல்லுநர் St.Robert Bellarmine September 17
இன்றைய புனிதர் :
(17-09-2020)
ஆயர் இராபர்ட் பெல்லார்மின், மறைவல்லுநர் St.Robert Bellarmine
பிறப்பு : 1542,
தஸ்கனி(Tuscany), மோந்தே புல்சியானோ(Monte Pulciano)
இறப்பு : 17 செப்டம்பர் 1621,
உரோம்
முத்திபேறுபட்டம்:
1923
புனிதர்பட்டம்: 1930, திருத்தந்தை 11 ஆம் பயஸ்
இவர் தமது 18 ஆம் வயதில் உரோம் நகரிலிருந்த இயேசு சபையில் சேர்ந்தார். 1559 ஆம் ஆண்டு பெல்ஜிய நாட்டிற்கு கல்லூரி படிப்பிற்காக அனுப்பப்பட்டார். சிறந்த முறையில் கல்வி கற்றபின் மீண்டும் உரோம் திரும்பினார். அங்கிருந்த இயேசு சபையில் பணியாற்றி குருப்பட்டம் பெற்று, சிறந்த மறைப்பணியாளர் பட்டம் பெற்றார். கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபையை
பாதுகாக்கும் பொருட்டு, புகழ் பெற்ற விவாதங்களை நடத்தினார். பிறகு உரோமன் கல்லூரிகளில் இறையியல் கற்றுக்கொடுக்கும் பணியில் ஈடுபட்டார். அப்போது அவர் பல நூல்களையும் எழுதினார். அந்நூல்கள் இன்று ஏராளமான மொழிகளில் மொழி பெயர்க்கப்பட்டுள்ளது. பின்னர் இவர் இயேசு சபையில் பல உயர்பதவிகளைப் பெற்று, அனைத்தையும்
சிறப்பாக ஆற்றினார். திருத்தந்தை 8 ஆம் கிளமெண்ட் அவர்கள், இராபர்ட் பெல்லார்மினை கர்தினாலாக உயர்த்தினார். இவர் காப்புவா என்ற மறைமாவட்டத்தில் ஆயர் பொறுப்பையும் ஏற்றார். பிறகு 11 ஆம் சிங்கராயர் அவர்களால் உரோம் நகருக்கு சிறந்த ஆலோசகராக தேர்ந்தெடுக்கப்பட்டார். அதிகாரங்கள் அனைத்தும் கடவுளிடமிருந்து வருகின்றது. நாம் அதை
முழுமையாக கடவுளின் மேன்மைக்காக பயன்படுத்த வேண்டுமென்பதை இவர் அடிக்கடி கூறுவார். நீதியோடும், நேர்மையோடும் தன்னிடம் ஒப்படைத்த பணியை செய்தார். அக்காலத்தில் எழுந்த பல ஐயப்பாடுகளையும்,
தெளிவுப்படுத்தி, திருச்சபையின் வளர்ச்சிக்கு துணை நின்றார். திருச்சபையில் இருந்த மறைநூல் வல்லுநர்களில், இவரும் ஓர் சிறந்த மறைவல்லுநர் என்ற பெயரையும் பெற்றார்.
செபம்:
வரங்களை வாரி வழங்குபவரே எம் கடவுளே! திருச்சபையின் நம்பிக்கையை பாதுகாக்க புனித இராபர்ட் பெல்லார்மினை ஏற்படுத்தினீர். உமது வியத்தகு அறிவாற்றலையும், நீதியையும், நேர்மையையும் அவருக்குத் தந்தீர். அவருக்கு நீர் அளித்த கொடைகளை எமக்கும் அளித்து, எம் வழியாக உமது திருச்சபையை வளரச் செய்ய வேண்டுமென்று இறைவா உம்மை
மன்றாடுகின்றோம்.
---JDH---தெய்வீக குணமளிக்கும் இயேசு /திண்டுக்கல்.
Saint of the Day : (17-09-2020)
St. Robert Bellarmine
St. Robert Bellarmine was born in Italy on October 4, 1542. His father was Vincenz Bellarmine and mother Cinzia Cervini. His mother is a niece of Pope Marcellus-II. St. Robert Bellarmin joined the Society of Jesus in the year 1560 and was ordained a priest in the year 1570. He became an Examiner of Bishops in the year 1598 and a Cardinal in the year 1599. He was one of the judges at the trial and condemnation of Giordano Bruno to be burned at the stake, for the offense of heresy. He only summoned Galileo Galilei in 1616, as directed by Pope Paul-V and ordered Galileo to abandon the Copernican doctrine of mobility of the Earth and immobility of the sun. He died on September 17, 1621.
He was beatified on May 13, 1923 by pope Pius-XI and canonized by Pope Pius-XI on June 29, 1930 and declared as Doctor of the Church in the following year. He is the patron saint of Canonists, Canon Lawyers, Catechists and Catechumens.
---JDH---Jesus the Divine Healer---
16 September 2020
St. Rogellus. September 16
St. Rogellus
Feastday: September 16
Death: 852
Death: 852
Martyr with his disciple, Servus Dei. He was a monk in Spain who was put to death at Cordoba by the Moors for publicly attacking the Muslim faith. His young disciple suffered with him.
The Martyrs of Córdoba were forty-eight Christian martyrs who were executed under the rule of Muslim conquerors in what is now southern Spain. At the time the area was known as Al-Andalus. The hagiography describes in detail the executions of the martyrs for capital violations of Islamic law, including apostasy and blasphemy. The martyrdoms related by Eulogius (the only contemporary source) took place between 851 and 859.
With few exceptions, the Christians knowingly risked execution by making public statements proclaiming their Christianity in the presence of Muslims. Some of the martyrs were executed for blasphemy after they appeared before the Muslim authorities and denounced Muhammad, while others who were Christian children of Muslim–Christian marriages publicly proclaimed their Christianity and thus were executed as apostates. (Coope 1995)[page needed]. Still others who had previously converted to Islam denounced their new faith and returned to Christianity, and thus were also executed as apostates.
The lack of another source after Eulogius's own martyrdom has given way to the misimpression that there were fewer episodes later in the 9th century.[
St. Ninian September 16
St. Ninian
According to the untrustworthy life of Ninian by St. Aelred, he was the son of a converted chieftain of the Cumbrian Britons, studied at Rome, was ordained, was consecrated a bishop and returned to evangelize his native Britain. He had his own church built by masons from St. Martin's Monastery in Tours, which became known as The Great Monastery and was the center of his missionary activities. From it Ninian and his monks evangelized neighboring Britons and the Picts of Valentia. Ninian was known for his miracles, among them curing a chieftain of blindness, which cure led to many conversions. His feast day is September 16.
Ninian is a Christian saint first mentioned in the 8th century as being an early missionary among the Pictish peoples of what is now Scotland. For this reason he is known as the Apostle to the Southern Picts, and there are numerous dedications to him in those parts of Scotland with a Pictish heritage, throughout the Scottish Lowlands, and in parts of Northern England with a Northumbrian heritage. In Scotland, Ninian is also known as Ringan, and as Trynnian in Northern England.
Ninian's major shrine was at Whithorn in Galloway, where he is associated with the Candida Casa (Latin for 'White House'). Nothing is known about his teachings, and there is no unchallenged authority for information about his life.
The nature of Ninian's identity is uncertain, and historians have identified the name "Ninian" with other historical figures. A popular hypothesis proposed by Thomas Owen Clancy, a researcher and professor of Celtic studies, posits that Ninian can be identified with three other historical figures: Saint Finnian of Moville, Saint Finnian of Clonard, and Saint Finbarr of Cork. Linguistic variations across the territories associated with each saint have provided evidence that the Ninian preserved in literary tradition originated from this individual. [2] This article discusses the particulars and origins of what has come to be known as the "traditional" stories of Saint Ninian.
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