St. Sabinus October 15

 St. Sabinus

Feastday: October 15

Death: 760

Bishop of Catania, Sicily He eventually left his see to spend his remaining days as a hermit.

St. Severus October 15

 St. Severus

Feastday: October 15

Severus was born in Gaul. He worked as a missionary with St. Germanus of Auxerre and Lupus of Troyes and went to England with them in 429 to combat Pelagianism there. He also worked along the lower Moselle river area in Germany and was named Bishop of Treves in Gaul in 446, a position he held until his death. His feast day is October 15.

Bl. Victoria Strata October 15

 Bl. Victoria Strata

Feastday: October 15

Death: 1617

Blessed Victoria Strata, Religious (Feast day - October 15) Victoria was born at Genoa, Italy in 1562. At the age of seventeen she married Angelo Strata, with whom she had six children. When Angelo died in 1587, Victoria wanted to marry again because of the children. However, a vision of Our Lady convinced her to retire to a life of prayer, helping the poor and raising her children. After her maternal obligations were fulfilled, Victoria and ten other women took vows of religion in 1605, and this became the nucleus of the Blue Nuns. Victoria was elected Superior. A second convent was opened in 1612, and many houses were later established in France. Victoria died on December 15, 1617, and was beatified in 1828.

Maria Vittoria De Fornari Strata (1562 – 15 December 1617) was an Italian Roman Catholic nun and the foundress of the Order of the Annunciation - or Blue Nuns.[1] Fornari was married for just under a decade and decided not to find another spouse after having a vision of the Madonna who instructed her to lead a chaste life of motherhood. The widow decided to found an order not long after this based on the Carmelite charism.[2]

Her beatification was held on 21 September 1828.

நாகசாகி_நகர்ப்_புனித_மதலேன் (1610-1634)அக்டோபர் 15

நாகசாகி_நகர்ப்_புனித_மதலேன் (1610-1634)

அக்டோபர் 15

இவர் (#St_Magdelene_Of_Nagasaki) ஜப்பானில் உள்ள நாகசாகியில் பிறந்தவர். இவரது பெற்றோர் இவருக்கு ஒன்பது வயது நடக்கும்பொழுது, 1620 ஆம் ஆண்டு திருமறைக்காகக் கொல்லப்பட்டனர். இதனால் இவர் சிறுவயதிலேயே பெற்றோரை இழந்து அனாதையானார்.

இதன் பிறகு இவர் புனித அகுஸ்தின் துறவற சபையில் சேர்ந்து துறவியானார். அங்கு இவர் ஜப்பானிய மக்கள் நடுவில், கடவுளின் வார்த்தையை எடுத்துரைத்து வந்த அயல்நாட்டு மறைப்பணியாளர்களான பிரான்சிஸ், வின்சென்ட், மார்ட்டின், மெல்கியோர் ஆகியோருக்கு மொழிபெயர்ப்பாளராக இருந்து பெரும் உதவி செய்தார்.

இந்நிலையில் கிறிஸ்துவைப் பற்றிய நற்செய்தியை மேலே சொல்லப்பட்ட நான்கு மறைப்பணியாளும் மக்களுக்கு அறிவித்து வருகின்ற செய்தி ஜப்பானிய அரசுக்குத் தெரிய வர, அரசு அந்த நான்கு மறைப்பணியாளர்களையும்  பிடித்துக் கொலை செய்தது.

இது நடந்து ஒருசில நாள்களிலேயே மதலேன், மறைப்பணியாளர்களுக்கு உதவிய செய்தி ஜப்பானிய அரசாங்கத்திற்குத் தெரிய வந்தது. இதனால் அரசாங்கம் இவரைப் பலவாறாகச் சித்திரவதை செய்து, இறுதியில் எரித்துக் கொன்றது. 

இவரோ சாகும் தருவாயில்கூட கிறிஸ்துவின் மீது கொண்ட நம்பிக்கையில் மிக உறுதியாக இருந்தார்.

புனிதர் ஓரேலியா ✠(St. Aurelia of Strasbourg)கன்னியர்:(Virgin)அக்டோபர் 15

† இன்றைய புனிதர் †

(அக்டோபர் 15)

✠ புனிதர் ஓரேலியா ✠

(St. Aurelia of Strasbourg)

கன்னியர்:

(Virgin)

நினைவுத் திருநாள்: அக்டோபர் 15

புனிதர் ஓரேலியா, கி.பி. நான்காம் நூற்றாண்டில் வாழ்ந்திருந்த புனிதராவார். இவரது கல்லறையானது, ஃபிரான்ஸ் (France) நாட்டின் “கிரேண்ட் எஸ்ட்” (Grand Est region) பிராந்தியத்தின் தலைநகரான “ஸ்ட்ராஸ்பர்க்” (Strasbourg) நகரில் உள்ளது. இது, மத்திய காலத்தில் ஒரு பிரபலமான வழிபாட்டு மையமாக மாறியது.

புராணத்தின்படி, ரோமானிய பிரிட்டனில் (Roman Britain) இருந்து பதினோராயிரம் கன்னிப் பெண்களுடன் மேற்கு ஜெர்மனியின் (Western Germany) “நார்த் ரைன்-வெஸ்ட்பாலியா” (North Rhine-Westphalia) மாநிலத்தின் “கொலோன்” (Cologne) நகர் சென்ற புனிதர் ஊர்சுலாவுடன் (Saint Ursula) இவரும் இணைந்து சென்றார் என்றும், உள்ளூர் ஆயரான “அகுல்லின்” (Aquilin) அவர்களை மதிப்புடன் வரவேற்றார் என்றும் கூறப்படுகின்றனர். அங்கிருந்து அவர்கள், ஸ்விட்சர்லாந்து (Switzerland) நாட்டின் “பாஸல்” (Basel) நகர் நோக்கி பயணித்தனர். “பாஸல்” நகரிலிருந்து, “ஸ்ட்ராஸ்பர்க்” நகர் நோக்கி தமது பயணத்தை தொடங்கினர். அங்கே, தீவிர காய்ச்சல் நோயால் பாதிக்கப்பட்ட புனிதர் ஓரேலியா, சில நாட்களிலேயே மரித்துப் போனார். அவரை கவனித்துக்கொள்ள மூன்று கன்னியரை விட்டுச் சென்றனர். திருச்சபையில், காய்ச்சல் நோய்களுக்கு எதிராக அவரை நோக்கி செபிக்கப்படுகிறது. அவருடைய மூன்று தோழிகளும் பல ஆண்டுகளாக ஒரே இடத்தில் வாழ்ந்து அங்கேயே புதைக்கப்பட்டார்கள்.

சில நூற்றாண்டுகளுக்குப் பின் அவர்களது கல்லறை திறக்கப்பட்டபோது, அவர்களின் பெயர்களைக் கொண்ட தலைப்புகளுடன், அவர்களது உடல்கள் முற்றிலும் கெட்டுப்போகாமல் அப்படியே இருந்தன. “ஸ்ட்ராஸ்பர்க்” மறைமாவட்டத்தின் (Diocese of Strasbourg) தற்போதைய வரலாற்றுப் புத்தகத்தில் இந்த புராணம் மறுபிரசுரம் செய்யப்பட்டுள்ளது.

இந்த புராணங்களின் நம்பகத் தன்மையைக் கேள்வி கேட்கும் “கிரேண்டிடியர்” (Grandidier) என்பவர், ஸ்ட்ராஸ்பர்க்கில் (Strasbourg) ஏற்கனவே புனித ஓரேலியாவின் வழிபாட்டு முறை மிகவும் பிரபலமாக இருந்ததை 9ம் நூற்றாண்டில் கவனித்து வந்திருந்தார்.

ஸ்ட்ராஸ்பர்க்கில் உள்ள தூய ஓரேலியின் தேவாலயம், அவரது கல்லறை அமைந்துள்ள நிலவரை மீது கட்டப்பட்டுள்ளது.

1524ம் ஆண்டு, “மார்ட்டின் பூசர்” (Martin Bucer) எனும் எதிர் திருச்சபையைச் சேர்ந்த சீர்திருத்தவாதி ஒருவர், தாம் போதகராக நியமிக்கப்பட்ட உடனேயே, தோட்டக்காரர்களின் சங்க உறுப்பினர்களை அழைத்து வந்து, கல்லறையை திறந்து எலும்புகளை தரையில் விரிக்க தூண்டினார். கல்லறை விக்கிரக ஆராதனை பொருளாக மாற்றப்பட்டுள்ளது என்றும் நியாயப்படுத்தினார்.

† Saint of the Day †

(October 15)

✠ St. Aurelia of Strasbourg ✠

Virgin:

Born: 4th Century AD

Died: 4th Century AD

Venerated in: Catholic Church

Feast: October 15

Saint Aurelia of Strasbourg was a 4th-century saint, whose tomb in Strasbourg became the centre of a popular cult in the Middle Ages.

Biography:

According to the legend, Aurelia accompanied Saint Ursula and the eleven thousand virgins from Roman Britain to Cologne, where they were favourably received by Aquilina, bishop of the place. From Cologne, they travelled to Basel. From Basel the travellers descended the Rhine to Strasbourg where St Aurelia succumbed to a violent fever, dying after a few days. Three virgins were left to care for her. She was particularly invoked against fevers in the church that bears her name. Her three companions lived for many years in the same place and were buried there. Some centuries later their tomb was opened and their bodies were found completely intact, marked with titles bearing their names. This legend is reproduced in the current breviary of the Diocese of Strasbourg.

Grandidier, who questions the authenticity of the legend, observed that the cult of Saint Aurelia was already very popular in Strasbourg by the 9th century.

The church of Sainte Aurélie in Strasbourg is supposed to have been built over the crypt in which the tomb of Saint Aurelia was situated.

In 1524, Martin Bucer (a Protestant), soon after his appointment as pastor of the church, instigated members of the gardeners' guild to open the tomb and remove the bones, justifying this on the grounds that the tomb had become an object of idolatry.

புனிதர் தெக்லா ✠(St. Thecla of Kitzingen)பெனடிக்டைன் கன்னியாஸ்திரி/ மடாதிபதி:(Benedictine nun/ Abbess)அக்டோபர் 15

† இன்றைய புனிதர் †

(அக்டோபர் 15)

✠ புனிதர் தெக்லா ✠

(St. Thecla of Kitzingen)

பெனடிக்டைன் கன்னியாஸ்திரி/ மடாதிபதி:

(Benedictine nun/ Abbess)

பிறப்பு: ---

இங்கிலாந்து, தென் பிரிட்டன்

(England, Southern Britain)

இறப்பு: கி.பி. 790

ஜெர்மனி (Germany)

ஏற்கும் சமயம்:

ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை

(Roman Catholic Church)

நினைவுத் திருநாள்: அக்டோபர் 15

புனிதர் தெக்லா, ஒரு பெனடிக்டைன் கன்னியாஸ்திரியும், மடாதிபதியும் ஆவார். தென் பிரிட்டனின் இங்கிலாந்து நாட்டில் பிறந்த இவர், புனிதர் போனிஃபேசுக்கு (Saint Boniface), அவரது மிஷனரி உழைப்புகளில் உதவுவதற்காக ஜெர்மனி நாட்டுக்குச் சென்றார்.

பின்னணி:

நார்தும்ப்ரியா அரசனான “அல்ட்ஃபிரித்” (Aldfrith of Northumbria), மரித்த சிறிது காலத்தின் பின்னர், கி.பி. சற்றேறக்குறைய 705ம் ஆண்டு, அவரது மனைவியும், “வெஸ்செக்ஸ்” அரசனான “இனே” (King Ine of Wessex) என்பவரின் சகோதரியுமான “கத்பர்த்” (Cuthburh) என்பவர், தமது சகோதரரின் இராச்சியத்தில், தென்மேற்கு இங்கிலாந்தின் “டோர்ச்செஸ்டர்” (Dorchester) நகரிலுள்ள “விம்போர்ன்” (Wimborne) எனுமிடத்தில் ஒரு இரட்டை துறவு மடம் அமைத்தார். “தூய ரிச்சர்ட்” (St. Richard of Wessex) என்பவர், “வெஸ்ட் சாக்சன்ஸ்” (West Saxons) பேரரசர்களின் கீழேயிருந்த குட்டி அரசர்களுள் ஒருவரும், புனிதர் போனிஃபேசின் (Saint Boniface) சகோதரியான “வின்னா” (Winna) என்பவரை மணமுடித்தவருமாவார். ரிச்சர்ட், தமது இரண்டு மகன்களுடன் புனித பூமிக்கு திருயாத்திரை புறப்படுவதற்கு முன்னர், தனது பதினொரு வயதான மகள் “வல்பூர்காவை” (Walpurga) “விம்போர்ன் மடாதிபதியிடம்” (Abbess of Wimborne) ஒப்படைத்தார்.

“விம்போர்ன்” மடத்தின் அருட்சகோதரியரிடம் கல்வி கற்ற வல்பூர்கா, பின்னாளில் அதே சமூகத்தின் உறுப்பினர் ஆனார். போனிஃபேஸ், விம்போர்ன் சமூகத்துடன் அடிக்கடி தொடர்புகொள்வதை வழக்கமாகக் கொண்டிருந்தார்.

வாழ்க்கை:

தென் பிரிட்டனில் பிறந்த தெக்லா, தூய லியோபாவின் (Saint Lioba) உறவினர் ஆவார். விம்போர்ன் மடத்தில் கல்வி கற்ற தெக்லாவும் லியோபாவும், பின்னாளில் அங்கேயே உள்ள பெனடிக்டைன் சமூகத்தில் (Benedictine community) இணைந்தனர். போனிஃபேஸ், விம்போர்ன் மடத்தின் மடாதிபதி “டெட்டா” (Tetta) என்பவருக்கு கடிதம் எழுதும்போது, ஜெர்மனியில் தமது மிஷனரி பணிகளில் உதவிகள் செய்வதற்கு ஆட்கள் வேண்டுமென கேட்டிருந்தார். ஆகவே, தெக்லாவும் லியோபாவும் அங்கனமே ஜெர்மனிக்கு அனுப்பப்பட்டார்கள். இந்த ஆங்கிலோ-சாக்சன் பெண் துறவியர்களை அவரது உதவியாளர்களாக வரவழைப்பதற்காக பொனிஃபேஸ் மூன்று நோக்கங்களைக் கொண்டிருந்ததாக தெரிகிறது:

பெனடிக்டைன் சட்டதிட்டங்களை முழுமையாக கடைபிடிக்க புதிய அடித்தளங்கள் மூலம் பரவச் செய்தல்.

ஏற்கனவே நிறுவப்பட்ட மடாலயங்களில் இதனை அறிமுகப்படுத்துதல்.

கடைபிடித்தல்களை பிறரில் முன்னிலைப் படுத்துதல்.

இறுதியாக, உள்ளூர் மக்களின் குழந்தைகளுக்கு வழங்கப்பட்ட கல்வி மூலம் தமது சாந்தமான செல்வாக்கினை அவர்களிடையே பரவச் செய்தல்.

கி.பி. 748ம் ஆண்டு, “பிஸ்சோஃப்செய்ம்” (Bischofsheim) நகருக்கு அவர்கள் வந்து சேர்ந்தனர். அங்கே, போனிஃபேஸ் ஒரு பள்ளியை நிறுவினார். அதன் மடாதிபதியாக லியோபா நியமனம் பெற்றார். பின்னர், “ஒச்சென்ஃபர்ட்” (Ochsenfurt) நகரின் மடத்தின் மடாதிபதியாக தெக்லா நியமிக்கப்பட்டார். கி.பி. 750ம் ஆண்டின் பிறகு, “கிட்ஸின்ஜென்” (Kitzingen) நகரின் பிரதான மடத்தின் முதல் மடாதிபதியான “ஹடேலோங்கா” (Hadelonga) என்பவர் மரித்ததும், தெக்லா அந்த மடத்தையும் மேற்பார்வை செய்ய அழைக்கப்பட்டார்.

† Saint of the Day †

(October 15)

✠ St. Thecla of Kitzingen ✠

Benedictine Nun and Abbess:

Born: ---

England, Southern Britain

Died: 790 AD

Germany

Venerated in: Roman Catholic Church

Feast: October 15

Saint Thecla of Kitzingen was a Benedictine nun and abbess. Born in England, she went to Germany to assist Saint Boniface in his missionary labours.

Multiple identities:

There are several attestations of the cult of Thecla in Britain. All of them seem to have some relation with the cult of ancient Thecla protomartyr, Paul's companion, known from the apocryphal Acts of Paul and Thecla. This indicates the acquaintance of the church on the British Isles with Eastern saints in general and the cult of St Thecla in particular.

Whereas St Thecla of Kitzingen is presented well in historical sources, another saint – Theta or Tecla is more obscure. She was venerated in Cornwall as a companion of a 5th-century female saint, Irish nun Breaca in her missionary work in Cornwall. Even more obscure is St Tecla or Tegla Virgin known at a Welsh village Llandegla which means “Parish of Saint Tecla” in Welsh. She is said to be the daughter of a ruler of Gwynedd, North Wales. A church dedication to Thecla can be read also in the town Llandegley, Radnorshire.

The calendar is also problematic. St Thecla of Kitzingen is celebrated either on October 15 or 28, while Tetha's feast day is on October 27, according to one source. Both Welsh places bearing Tegla's names had festivals around 24th September, which is the feast day of Thecla the protomartyr. One of them, Llandegla, had a large fair on October 15th, the day of St Thecla of Kitzingen.

Baring-Gould in the Lives of British Saints is sceptical about the fact that the chapel on an islet rock at the mouth of Wye, near Bristol, was originally dedicated to the Welsh Tecla Virgin. Nevertheless, the story goes that the saint abandoned her father's court in Wales to become an anchoress on the island and suffered a martyrdom from sea pirates there. The island is tiny and rocky and the access to it is restricted by the tidal waters. The ruins of the hermitage chapel date to the 13th century although an older building preceded it.  

Thecla of Wimborne/ Kitzingen:

Thecla of Wimborne/Kitzingen’s choice of name may well reflect a conscious choice to identify with the story of Paul and Thecla and to take upon herself a dedication to the path of virginity and asceticism. Thecla pursued this path, initially at Wimborne abbey in Dorset where for a time she became part of a community of nuns. The community at Wimborne was one of a number with which the 8th-century monk, St Boniface maintained an intimate relationship through exchanges of letters via which he and the monastic communities supported and encouraged one another in their tasks and life of faith. It is this contact with Boniface which led Thecla to pursue the role for which she is best known. For a long time, Boniface had desired to establish a mission to the Germans. The Germans were, at the time, at odds with the beliefs and practices of the rest of the church "liberal in tolerating heathen practices, and ignorant of matters of ritual and creed which were insisted on in the Church of Rome" (Eckenstein). Boniface was “conscious that the mere conversion of people and the provision of churches for them to worship in was insufficient… A succession of teachers of calibre imbued with a strong spirit of stripline, obedient to authority and motivation by the highest spiritual ideals [were needed]” (Sladden). In 716, therefore he set out towards the continent. Such a mission was not, however, a solo project, and Boniface’s relationship with the abbey in Wimborne (and, in particular with another sister, Lioba) here bore fruit. Thecla was one of a number to join Boniface on the continent and to establish monastic communities there. It was a period in the history of the Anglo-Saxon church when double monasteries flourished with monks and nuns helping each other, even though living separately, and this gave women an opportunity to take on leadership and rule over communities that included both males and females. Boniface saw women's leadership as important for his mission. Thecla became abbess of communities at Kitzingen and Ochsenfurt, and it is clear that her life and work there carried a great deal of weight. A later document, the Passion of Boniface describes Thecla as shining like a light in a dark place, whilst a letter from Boniface shows signs of obvious affection, spiritual esteem, and reliance upon Thecla and those around her. 

      To my beloved sisters worthy of all honour and affection, Lioba and Tecla and Cynehilda, and all the dear sisters in Christ who live with you, greetings of undying love. 

      I beseech, nay all but command you, my dear daughters, to implore God with incessant prayers, as I trust that you do now and have done and will do unceasingly, that we may be delivered, in the words of the apostle, “from unreasonable and wicked men: for all men have not faith”

Men and Women:

Thecla’s story, at least according to the documents we have, may seem somewhat overshadowed by that of Boniface. The story we find, however, shows Boniface as a man who derived much of his courage and persistence from the presence of the female communities around him, suggesting that it was their devotion to prayer and their steadfastness in faith, as much as his initial journey, which lay behind the mission. Thecla, as an abbess, was a spiritual leader, not simply a follower, shining not just reflected light from others around her, but giving forth spiritual light from her own reserves of prayer and dedication into the communities and world around her. If we refocus the narrative around here we find the story of a saint to whose community Boniface comes in need, who, within her prayers finds room for his tasks and mission and who, perhaps on the basis of such prayers, sees it right to enact their fulfilment in the world and not simply to stand on the sidelines. 

Monasticism and mission:

It is not hard to see why monasticism was at the heart of the mission to the Germans. Faced with the challenges of the continental situation, it provided a means of remaining strong in the faith and of total devotion to the teachings and ways of the church. Without such dedication it is easy to see the missionary endeavour faltering and fizzling out, lacking the spiritual heart which provided both much of its courage and its ability to embody the gospel. It may well be that the disciplined life of prayer compelled Boniface to go out in the first place while the dedication to this life meant that the missionaries had anything to offer the German people. A monastic community of nuns could easily become a centre of the mission, attracting those around as they followed their chosen path of dedication and interceded to God so that others, too, would be delivered and blessed. One story of Thecla tells of the rise of a storm which so terrifies the people of the village that they urge the nuns to pray for their deliverance. Thecla, turning to the fellow nun, Leoba, urges her to pray that the storm might stop, reminding her that 'all the hopes of these people lie in you'.

அவிலாவின் புனித தெரேசா (கன்னியர், மறைவல்லுநர்)St. TERESA OF AVILA (St. TERESA OF JESUS)

இன்றைய புனிதர்: 

(15-10-2020)

அவிலாவின் புனித தெரேசா 

(கன்னியர், மறைவல்லுநர்)

St. TERESA OF AVILA (St. TERESA OF JESUS)

நினைவுத் திருவிழா : அக்டோபர் 15

பிறப்பு : 28 மார்ச், 1515 கோடரெண்டுரா, அவிலா, எசுப்பானியா

இறப்பு: 4 அக்டோபர், 1582(அகவை 67) அல்பாதே தொர்மஸ்,எசுப்பானியா

 

அருளாளர் பட்டம்: 24 ஏப்ரல்,1614, ரோம்(திருத்தந்தை ஐந்தாம் பவுல்)

புனிதர் பட்டம்: 12 மார்ச் ,1622, ரோம்(திருத்தந்தை பதினைந்தாம் கிரகோரி)

முக்கிய திருத்தலங்கள்: எசுப்பானியா நாட்டில் உள்ள மங்கள வார்த்தை மடம்.

பாதுகாவல் : எசுப்பானியா, உடல் நோய், தலைவலி, துறவிகள்

அவிலாவின் புனித தெரேசா, அல்லது Saint Teresa of Jesus, உரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபையின் மறுமலர்ச்சியில் பெரும் பங்கு வகித்தவர். எசுப்பானியா நாட்டினரான இவர் கார்மேல் சபைத்துறவி ஆவார். இவர் ஒரு மெய்யியலாளரும், இறையியலாளரும் ஆவார். சிலுவையின் புனித யோவானோடு இணைந்து பெண்களுக்கான கார்மேல் சபையை உண்டாக்கினார். இவரின் ஆழ் நிலைத் தியானம் மற்றும் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபையின் மறுமலர்ச்சி பற்றியும் பல நூல்கள் எழுதி உள்ளார். இவர் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபையின் மறைவல்லுனர்களுள் ஒருவர். இப்பட்டத்தைப் பெற்ற முதல் பெண் எனும் பெருமை இவரை சேரும்.

தெரசா, அல்போன்சோ சான்சேஸ் டீ சேப்பேடா ( Alfonso Sanchez de Cepeda) மற்றும் பெயாட்ரிஸ் டீ அகுமதா (Beatrix de Ahumada) ஆகியோரின் மகளாக பிறந்தார்.

சான் ஜூவான் (San Juan) என்ற ஆலயத்தில் ஞானஸ்நானத்தையும், புதுநன்மையையும்பெற்றார். இவரின் உடன் பிறந்தவர்கள் 11 பேர்கள். இவர்களில் தெரசாவே பெற்றோரின் செல்லப் பிள்ளையாக வளர்ந்தார். இவர் சிறுபிள்ளையாக இருந்தபோதே, திருக்காட்சியின் வழியாக, தான் துன்பப்பட்டுதான் இறப்பேன் என்பதை அறிந்து, அதை மற்றவர்களிடமும்கூறினார்.

இவர் தனது 7ம் வயதிலேயே, தன் பெற்றோருக்குத் தெரியாமல் வீட்டைவிட்டு வெளியேறி கடவுளுக்காக வாழ வேண்டுமென்று முடிவுசெய்தார். பின்னர் அவர் விரும்பியவாறே 1527ல் அவரின் 12ம் வயதில் விட்டு வெளியேறினார். இதையறிந்த அவரின் தந்தை மீண்டும் தெரசாவை கண்டுபிடித்து, இல்லத்திற்கு அழைத்து வந்தார். தெரசாவின் செயலால் கோபம் கொண்ட தந்தை, அவரை வன்மையாக கண்டித்தார். இதனால் அவர் மனமுடைந்து, மிகுந்த வேதனையை அனுபவித்தார். இவைகளை கண்ட அவரின் தந்தை 1531ல் தெரசாவை, அவிலாவில் இருந்த அகுஸ்தீன் சபையில் கொண்டு வந்து சேர்த்தார். பின்னர் 1535ம் ஆண்டில் துறவியாக முடிவு செய்து கார்மேல் துறவற மடத்திற்கு சென்றார்.

அப்போது தெரசா நோய்வாய்பட்டு 4 நாட்கள் சுயநினைவை இழந்து, கோமாவில் இருந்தார். அதன்பிறகு பக்கவாத நோயால் தாக்கப்பட்டார். அச்சமயத்தில் 1539ம் ஆண்டு, இயேசு சிலுவையில் துன்பப்படுவதை திருக்காட்சியாகக் கண்டார். இவைகளை உடனிருந்த அருட்சகோதரிகள் நம்பிக்கை கொள்ளாமல், அவருக்கு எதிராக செயல்பட்டனர். 

அவரை மிகவும் வேதனைக்குள்ளாக்கினர்.

1560ல் தனது 45ம் வயதில் மீண்டும் தான் மிக துன்பப்பட்டு உயிர்விடப்போவதாக மீண்டும் திருக்காட்சியை கண்டார். இதனால் 1562ல் தெரசா அம்மடத்தை விட்டு வெளியேறி, தனியாக மற்றொரு மடத்தில் வாழ அனுமதிக்கப்பட்டார். இவர் அம்மடத்தில் மிக கடுமையான ஒழுங்குகளோடு தன் வாழ்வை வாழ்ந்தார். செபம் ஒன்றையே தன் மூச்சாகக் கொண்டார். இவரின் செப வாழ்வால் 1568ல் மற்றொரு துறவற மடத்தையும் நிறுவினார். பின்னர் 1577ம் ஆண்டில் 17 பெண்கள் துறவற இல்லமும், 15 ஆண்டுகளுக்கான துறவற இல்லமும் காணப்பட்டது. இவ்வில்லங்கள் அனைத்துமே மௌனத்தையும் கடுமையான எளிமையையும், காலணிகள் அணியாமலும், மிக எளிமையான உணவையும் உண்டு, செபவாழ்விற்கு முக்கியத்துவம் கொடுத்தும் வாழ்ந்தனர்.

தெரசா பல முறை திருக்காட்சியைக் கண்டார். இவைகளை 400 க்கும் மேற்பட்ட கடிதங்களில் எழுதினார். இவர் ஸ்பெயின் நாட்டு மக்களால் திருக்காட்சியின் மறைவல்லுநர் என்றழைக்கப்பட்டார். தனது திருக்காட்சிகளின் வழியாக திருச்சபைக்கு பலவிதங்களில் உதவி செய்த தெரசா தனது 65ம் வயதில் உடல்நிலை குன்றி இறைவனடி சேர்ந்தார்.

செபம் :

அனைத்தையும் கடந்து, அருஞ்செயல் ஆற்றும் எம் இறைவா! புனித அவிலாவின் தெரசாவை எம் திருச்சபைக்கு நீர் கொடுமையாக தந்தமைக்காக நன்றி கூறுகின்றோம். அவரின் ஆன்மீக போதனைகளின்படி நாங்கள் வாழ்ந்து, அவரின் உதவியால், உம்மீது பற்றுக்கொண்டு வாழ வரம் அருள, இறைவா உம்மை மன்றாடுகின்றோம் ~ ஆமென்

---JDH---தெய்வீக குணமளிக்கும் இயேசு /திண்டுக்கல்.

Saint of the Day: (15-10-2020)

St. Teresa of Avila

She was born at Avila in Spain on March 28, 1515 at Avila, Spain and her original name was Teresa deCepeda y Ahumada. Her father was Alonso Sanchez de Cepeda and mother Beatriz. She ran away from home with her brother Rodrigo to get martyrdom among the Moors. But she and her brother were stopped by their uncle, when they were on their way. Again she left her house at the age of 15 years on November 2, 1535, to enter the Carmelite Convent of the Incarnation at Avila. She was a woman of compassion, prayer and discipline. She spent most of her life in the reformation of herself and the Carmelites. She always wrote and fought for reform in the monasteries. She founded more than six monasteries. She died on October 4, 1582 at Salamanca in Spain. She was beatified by Pope Paul-V on April 24, 1614 and canonized by Pope Gregory-XV on March 12, 1622. In 1970 the Church gave her the title of Doctor of the Church.

---JDH---Jesus the Divine Healer---

St. Burchard October 14

 St. Burchard

Feastday: October 14

Death: 754

Disciple of St. Boniface and a missionary to Germany. Burchard was a priest of Wessex, England, and a Benedictine. In 732, he went to Germany, serving under St. Boniface who consecrated him the first bishop of Würzburg. In 749, Burchard was sent by the Frankish King Pep in the Short to Rome, where he received Pope St. Zachary's approval of Pepin's accession to the Frankish throne. After founding the abbey of St. Andrew's, Burchard resigned from his see around 753. He retired to Hamburg, Germany, and the monastic life, dying there on February 2.

Burchard of Würzburg (in German Burkard or Burkhard) was an Anglo-Saxon missionary who became the first Bishop of Würzburg (741–754).

He was an Anglo-Saxon who left England after the death of his parents and joined Boniface in his missionary labors, some time after 732. When Boniface organized bishoprics in Middle Germany, he placed Burchard over that of Würzburg; his consecration can not have occurred later than the summer of 741, since in the autumn of that year, he was documented as officiating as a bishop at the consecration of Willibald of Eichstädt.[1]

Pope Zachary confirmed the new bishopric in 743. Burchard appears again as a member of the first German council in 742, and as an envoy to Rome from Boniface in 748. With Fulrad of Saint-Denis, he brought to Zachary the famous question of Pepin, whose answer was supposed to justify the assumption of regal power by the Carolingians.[1]

In 751, he resigned his see in favor of Megingoz, a Benedictine monk from St. Peter's Abbey in Fritzlar,[2] and retired to a life of solitude.

His feast day is 14 October.[1]

St. Burkard October 14

 St. Burkard

Feastday: October 14

Author and Publisher - Catholic Online

St. Burkard or Buchard, feast day October 14, Bishop, Benedictine d. c 754 An English priest and monk who joined the German mission under St Boniface (c 732). He was ordained first bishop of Würzburg (Herbipolis), and founded there several Benedictine abbeys of which the most important was St Andrew's, afterwards called after him. About the year 753 he resigned his bishopric to a monk of Fritzlar and spent the remaining months of his life in monastic retirement.

St. Calixtus October 14

 St. Calixtus

Feastday: October 14

Patron: of Cemetery workers

St. Calixtus (Callistus) Pope and Martyr October 14 A.D. 222     The name of St. Callistus is rendered famous by the ancient cemetery which he beautified, and which, for the great number of holy martyrs whose bodies were there deposited, was the most celebrated of all those about Rome. He was a Roman by birth, succeeded St. Zephirin in the pontificate in 217 or 218, on the 2d of August, and governed the church five years and two months, according to the true reading of the most ancient Pontifical, compiled from the registers of the Roman Church, as Henschenius, Papebroke, and Moret show, though Tillemont and Orsi give him only four years and some months. Antoninus Caracalla, who had been liberal to his soldiers, but the most barbarous murderer and oppressor of the people having been massacred by a conspiracy, raised by the contrivance of Macrinus, on the 8th of April, 217, who assumed the purple, the empire was threatened on every side with commotions. Macrinus bestowed on infamous pleasures at Antioch that time which he owed to his own safety, and to the tranquillity of the state, and gave an opportunity to a woman to overturn his empire. This was Julia Moesa, sister to Caracallata mother, who had two daughters, Sohemis and Julia Mammaea. The latter was mother of Alexander Severus, the former of Bassianus, who, being priest of the sun, called by the Syrians Elagabel, at Emesa, in Phoenicia, was surnamed Heliogabalus. Moesa, being rich and liberal, prevailed for money with the army in Syria to proclaim him emperor; and Macrinus, quitting Antioch, was defeated and slain in Bithynia in 219, after he had reigned a year and two months, wanting three days. Heliogabalus, for his unnatural lusts, enormous prodigality and gluttony, and mad pride and vanity, was one of the most filthy monsters and detestable tyrants that Rome ever produced. He reigned only three years, nine months, and four days, being assassinated on the 11th of March, 222, by the soldiers, together with his mother and favorites. Though he would be adored with his new idol, the sun, and in the extravagance of his folly and Vices, surpassed, if possible, Caligula himself, yet he never persecuted the Christians. His cousin-german and predecessor, Alexander, surnamed Severus, was, for his clemency, modesty, sweetness, and prudence, one of the best of princes. He discharged the officers of his predecessor, reduced the soldiers to their duty, and kept them in awe by regular pay. He suffered no places to be bought saying, "He that buys must sell." Two maxims which he learned of the Christians were the rules by which he endeavored to square his conduct. The first was, "Do to all men as you would have others do to you." The Second, That all places of command are to be bestowed on those who are the best qualified for them; though he left the choice of the magistrates chiefly to the people, whose lives and fortunes depend on them. He had in his private chapel the images of Christ, Abraham, Apollonius of Tyana, and Orpheus, and learned of his mother, Mammaea, to have a great esteem for the Christians. It reflects great honor on our pope that this wise emperor used always to admire with what caution and solicitude the choice was made of persons that were promoted to the priesthood among the Christians, whose example he often proposed to his officers and to the people, to be imitated in the election of civil magistrates. It was in his peaceable reign that the Christians first began to build Churches, which were demolished in the succeeding persecution. Lampridius, this emperor's historian tells us, that a certain idolater, putting in a claim to an oratory of the Christians, which he wanted to make an eating-house of the emperor adjudged the house ten the bishop of Rome, saying, it were better it should serve in any kind to the divine worship than to gluttony, in being made a cook's shop. To the debaucheries of Heliogabalus, St. Callistus opposed fasting and tears, and he every way promoted exceedingly true religion and virtue. His apostolic labors were recompensed with the crown of martyrdom on the 12th of October, 222. His feast is marked on this day in the ancient Martyrology of Lucca. The Liberian Calendar places him in the list of martyrs, and testifies that he was buried on the 14th of this month in the cemetery of Calepodius, on the Aurelian way, three miles from Rome. The Pontificals ascribe to him a decree appointing the four fasts called Ember-days; which is confirmed by ancient Sacramentaries, and other monuments quoted by Moretti. He also decreed, that ordinations should be held in each of the Ember weeks. He founded the church of the Blessed Virgin Mary beyond the Tiber. In the calendar published by Fronto le Duc he is styled a confessor; but we find other martyrs sometimes called confessors. Alexander himself never persecuted the Christians; but the eminent lawyers of that time, whom this prince employed in the principal magistracies, and whose decisions are preserved in Justinian's Digestum, as Ulpian, Paul, Sabinus, and others, are known to have been great enemies to the faith, which they considered as an innovation in the commonwealth. Lactantius informs us that Ulpian bore it so implacable a hatred, that, in a work where he treated on the office of a proconsul, he made a collection of all the edicts and laws which had been made in all the foregoing reigns against the Christians, to incite the governors to oppress them in their provinces. Being himself prefect of the praetorium, he would not fail to make use of the power which his office gave him, when upon complaints he found a favorable opportunity. Hence several martyrs suffered in the reign of Alexander. If St. Callistus was thrown into a pit, as his Acts relate, it seems probable that he was put to death in some popular tumult. Dion mentions several such commotions under this prince, in one of which the praetorian guards murdered Ulpian, their own prefect. Pope Paul I. and his successors, seeing the cemeteries without walls, and neglected after the devastations of the barbarians, withdrew from thence the bodies of the most illustrious martyrs, and had them carried to the principal churches of the city. Those of SS. Callistus and Calepodius were translated to the church off St. Mary, beyond the Tiber. Count Everard, lord of Cisoin or Chisoing, four leagues from Tournay, obtained of Leo IV., about the year 854, the body of St. Callistus, pope and martyr, which he placed in the abbey of Canon Regulars which he had founded at Cisoin fourteen years before; the church of which place was on this account dedicated in honor of St. Callistus. These circumstances are mentioned by Fulco, archbishop of Rheims, in a letter which he wrote to pope Formosus in 890. The relics were removed soon after to Rheims for fear of the Normans, and never restored to the abbey of Cisoin. They remain behind the altar of our Lady at Rheims. Some of the relics, however, of this pope are kept with those of St. Calepodius martyr, in the church of St. Mary Trastevere at Rome. A portion was formerly possessed at Glastenbury. Among the sacred edifices which, upon the first transient glimpse of favor, or at least tranquillity that the church enjoyed at Rome, this holy pope erected, the most celebrated was the cemetery which he enlarged and adorned on the Appian road, the entrance of which is at St. Sebastian's, a monastery founded by Nicholas I., now inhabited by reformed Cistercian monks. In it the bodies of SS. Peter and Paul lay for some time, according to Anastasius, who says that the devout lady Lucina buried St. Cornelius in her own farm near this place; whence it for some time took her name, though she is not to be confounded with Lucina who buried St. Paul's body on the Ostian way, and built a famous cemetery on the Aurelian way. Among many thousand martyrs deposited in this place were St. Sebastian, whom the lady Lucina interred, St. Cecily, and several whose tombs pope Damasus adorned with verses.     In the assured faith of the resurrection of the flesh, the saints, in all ages down from Adam, were careful to treat their dead with religious respect, and to give them a modest and decent burial. The commendations which our Lord bestowed on the woman who poured precious ointments upon him a little before his death, and the devotion of those pious persons who took so much care of our Lord's funeral, recommended this office of charity; and the practice of the primitive Christians in this respect was most remarkable. Julian the Apostate, writing to a chief priest of the idolaters, desires him to observe three things, by which he thought Atheism (so he called Christianity) had gained most upon the world, namely, "Their kindness and charity to strangers, their care for the burial of their dead, and the gravity of their carriage." Their care of their dead consisted not in any extravagant pomp, in which the pagans far outdid them, but in a modest religious gravity and respect which was most pathetically expressive of their firm hope of a future resurrection, in which they regarded the mortal remains of their dead precious in the eyes of God, who watches over them, regarding them as the apple of his eye, to be raised one day in the brightest glory, and made shining lusters in the heavenly Jerusalem.

Pope Callixtus I, also called Callistus I, was the bishop of Rome (according to Sextus Julius Africanus) from c. 218 to his death c. 222 or 223.[3] He lived during the reigns of the Roman Emperors Elagabalus and Alexander Severus. Eusebius and the Liberian catalogue gave him five years of episcopate (217–222). In 217, when Callixtus followed Zephyrinus as Bishop of Rome, he started to admit into the church converts from sects or schisms. He was martyred for his Christian faith and is venerated as a saint by the Catholic Church.

Contents

1 Life

2 Death

3 See also

4 Citations

5 References

6 Further reading

7 External links

Life

Callixtus I's contemporaries and enemies, Tertullian and Hippolytus of Rome, the author of Philosophumena, relate that Callixtus, as a young slave from Rome, was put in charge of collected funds by his master Carpophorus, funds which were given as alms by other Christians for the care of widows and orphans; Callixtus lost the funds and fled from the city, but was caught near Portus.[4] According to the tale, Callixtus jumped overboard to avoid capture but was rescued and taken back to his master. He was released at the request of the creditors, who hoped he might be able to recover some of the money, but was rearrested for fighting in a synagogue when he tried to borrow money or collect debts from some Jews.[3]

Philosophumena claims that, denounced as a Christian, Callixtus was sentenced to work in the mines of Sardinia.[4] He was released with other Christians at the request of Hyacinthus, a eunuch presbyter, who represented Marcia, the favourite mistress of Emperor Commodus.[4] At this time his health was so weakened that his fellow Christians sent him to Antium to recuperate and he was given a pension by Pope Victor I.[3]

In 199, Callixtus was ordained a deacon by Pope Zephyrinus and appointed superintendent of the Christian cemetery on the Appian Way. That place, which is to this day called the Catacombs of St. Callixtus, became the burial-ground of many popes and was the first land property owned by the Church.[4] Emperor Julian the Apostate, writing to a pagan priest, said:[4]

Christians have gained most popularity because of their charity to strangers and because of their care for the burial of their dead.

In the third century, nine bishops of Rome were interred in the Catacomb of Callixtus, in the part now called the Capella dei Papi. These catacombs were rediscovered by the archaeologist Giovanni Battista de Rossi in 1849.

In 217, when Callixtus followed Zephyrinus as Bishop of Rome, he started to admit into the church converts from sects or schisms who had not done penance.[5] He fought with success the heretics, and established the practice of absolution of all sins, including adultery and murder.[4] Hippolytus found Callixtus's policy of extending forgiveness of sins to cover sexual transgressions shockingly lax and denounced him for allowing believers to regularize liaisons with their own slaves by recognizing them as valid marriages.[6][7] As a consequence also of doctrinal differences, Hippolytus was elected as a rival bishop of Rome, the first antipope.[8]

The Basilica di Santa Maria in Trastevere was a titulus of which Callixtus was the patron. In an apocryphal anecdote in the collection of imperial biographies called the Augustan History, the spot on which he had built an oratory was claimed by tavern keepers, but Alexander Severus decided that the worship of any god was better than a tavern, hence the structure's name. The 4th-century basilica of Ss Callixti et Iuliani was rebuilt in the 12th century by Pope Innocent II and rededicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary. The 8th-century Chiesa di San Callisto is close by, with its beginnings apparently as a shrine on the site of his martyrdom, which is attested in the 4th-century Depositio martyrum and so is likely to be historical.

Death

It is possible that Callixtus was martyred around 222 or 223, perhaps during a popular uprising, but the legend that he was thrown down a well has no historical foundation, though the church does contain an ancient well. According to the apocryphal Acts of Saint Callixtus, Asterius, a priest of Rome, recovered the body of Callixtus after it had been tossed into a well and buried Callixtus' body at night.[9] Asterius was arrested for this action by the prefect Alexander and then killed by being thrown off a bridge into the Tiber River.[9]

He was buried in the cemetery of Calepodius on the Aurelian Way[4][10] and his anniversary is given by the 4th-century Depositio Martirum and by subsequent martyrologies on 14 October. The Catholic Church celebrates his optional memorial on 14 October. His relics were transferred in the 9th century to Santa Maria in Trastevere.[11]

St. Carponius October 14

 St. Carponius

Feastday: October 14

Death: 303

Martyr with his sister, Fortunata, and his brothers, Evaristus and Priscian.They were executed for the faith in Caesarea in Palestine in the reign of Emperor Diocletian. Their relics were translated to Naples, Italy.

St. Dominic Loricatus October 14

 St. Dominic Loricatus

Feastday: October 14

Birth: 995

Death: 1060

Benedictine monk called "the Mailed" because of the iron coat of mail that he wore against his skin. Born in Umbria, Italy, in 995, he was ordained illegally when his father bribed the local bishop. Dominic decided to perform penance for the rest of his life. After a period as a hermit, about 1040 he became a Benedictine under St. Peter Damian at Fontavellana.

Dominic Loricatus, O.S.B. Cam. (Italian: San Domenico Loricato; 995 - 1060), was an Italian monk, born in the village of Luceolis near Cantiano (then in Umbria, now in the Marche). His father, seeking social advancement, paid a bribe to have him ordained a priest when still a child. When he discovered the fact, he resolved on a life of penance and became a hermit in the woods near the abbey of S. Emiliano in Congiuntoli, then a Camaldolese monk at the monastery of Fonte Avellana in 1040.

Fonte Avellana was at this time under the influence of St. Peter Damian, who promoted penitential self-mortification. It is through his vigorous embrace of this practice that Dominic Loricatus has become most well known, particularly through a mention by Edward Gibbon in The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (Vol. V, C. LVIII):

"By a fantastic arithmetic, a year of penance was taxed at three thousand lashes; and such was the skill and patience of a famous hermit, Saint Dominic of the iron Cuirass, that in six days he could discharge an entire century, by a whipping of three hundred thousand stripes. His example was followed by many penitents of both sexes; and, as a vicarious sacrifice was accepted, a sturdy disciplinarian might expiate on his own back the sins of his benefactors."

Dominic is said to have performed these lashes while reciting the psalms, with 100 lashes for each psalm. 30 psalms (3000 strokes) made penance for one year of sin; the entire psalter redeemed 5 years, while 20 psalters (300,000 strokes) redeemed one hundred years - hence the 'One Hundred Years Penance' St. Dominic is said to have performed in six days, over Lent.

In calculating these lashes one is left with these numbers: 50,000 lashes per day. Assuming Dominic was awake for 20 hours a day, that gives 2,500 lashes per hour, which would result in 41 lashes per minute.

Dominic owes his nickname Loricatus to his further bodily mortification of wearing a coat of chain mail (Latin: Lorica hamata) next to his skin as a hairshirt. He died at the Hermitage of San Vicino, near San Severino Marche in 1060, where he had been appointed prior by Peter Damian the previous year, where his remains are still venerated. His feast is celebrated by the Camaldolese Order on October 14.

St. Donatian October 14

 St. Donatian

Feastday: October 14

Death: 390

Bishop of Reims, France, from 360 until his death. A Roman by birth, he is the patron saint of Bruges, Belgium. His relics were enshrined there in the ninth century.

St. Donatian's Cathedral (Dutch: Sint-Donaaskathedraal) was a Roman Catholic cathedral in Bruges, Belgium. Located on the Burg, one of the main squares in the city,[1][2][3] it was the largest church in Bruges. The cathedral was destroyed in 1799[1] in the wake of the dissolution of the Diocese of Bruges during the aftermath of the French Revolution.

St. Fortunata October 14

 St. Fortunata

Feastday: October 14

Death: 303

Virgin martyr in Caesarea, in Israel, reportedly with her brothers, Sts. Carphonius, Evaristus, and Priscian. Her relics have been venerated in Naples, Italy, since the eighth century.

St. Fortunatus of Todi October 14

 St. Fortunatus of Todi

Feastday: October 14

Death: 537

Bishop of Todi, Italy He is famed for saving that city from marauding Ostrogoths.

Saint Fortunatus (died 537) was a 6th-century bishop of Todi.[1] According to tradition, he defended Todi during a Gothic siege.[2] He is the patron saint of Todi. He is praised by Gregory the Great, who calls him a man of great virtue who took great care in attending to the sick.[3] Gregory, who was born around the time that Fortunatus died, was greatly interested in Fortunatus' life. Gregory writes that "a certain poor old man was brought to me –because I always love to talk with such men- of whom I inquired his country, and hearing that he was of the city of Todi, I asked him whether he knew Bishop Fortunatus. He said he knew him very well. 'Then I beseech you,' said I, 'tell me whether you know of any miracles that he did, and, since I am very desirous to know, explained to me what manner of man he was.'"[4]