✞ அதி தூய கன்னி மரியாளை காணிக்கையாக அர்ப்பணித்தல் விழா ✞(The Presentation of Our Lady)திருவிழா நாள்: நவம்பர் 21

† இன்றைய திருவிழா †

(நவம்பர் 21)

✞ அதி தூய கன்னி மரியாளை காணிக்கையாக அர்ப்பணித்தல் விழா ✞

(The Presentation of Our Lady)

திருவிழா நாள்: நவம்பர் 21

“அதிதூய கன்னி மரியாளைக் காணிக்கையாக அர்ப்பணித்தல் விழா” (The Presentation of the Blessed Virgin Mary) என மேற்கிலும் ~ “மிகவும் தூய இறையன்னை கோவிலுக்குள் நுழைந்தது” (The Entry of the Most Holy Theotokos into the Temple) என கிழக்கிலும் ~ அறியப்படுவது, நவம்பர் 21ம் நாள், கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை, மற்றும் கிழக்கு மரபுவழி திருச்சபைகளில் கொண்டாடப்படும் கிறிஸ்தவ விழாவாகும்.

அன்னை மரியாளை ஆலயத்தில் ஒப்புக்கொடுத்ததாக புதிய ஏற்பாட்டில் எதுவும் சொல்லப்படவில்லையெனினும், திருமுறைப் பட்டியலைச் சேராத நூல்களில் இந்நிகழ்வு பற்றிய குறிப்புகள் உள்ளன.

குழந்தைப் பருவம் தொடர்பான யாக்கோபு நற்செய்தியில் (Gospel of James) இவ்வாறு வாசிக்கிறோம் :

"மரியாவின் பெற்றோராகிய “சுவக்கீன்” (Joachim), “அன்னா” (Anne) ஆகிய இருவரும் முதிர் வயதுவரை குழந்தைப்பேறு இல்லாமல் இருந்தனர். ஆயினும் அவர்கள் நம்பிக்கையோடு இறைவனிடம் மன்றாடி வந்தனர். வானதூதர் வழியாக மரியாளின் பிறப்பு இவர்களுக்கு அறிவிக்கப்பட்டது. மரியாளும் பிறந்தார். இதற்கு நன்றியாக, குழந்தை மரியாளை எருசலேம் ஆலயத்திற்கு அழைத்துச் சென்று அங்கு அவரை கடவுளுக்குக் காணிக்கையாக்கினார்கள். அதன்பிறகு மரியாள் தமது 12வது வயதுவரை ஆலயத்தில் இருந்தார்" என்று யாக்கோபு எழுதியுள்ளார். 

மரியாளின் பிறப்பு நற்செய்தியில் (Gospel of the Nativity of Mary), மரியாளின் மூன்றாம் வயதில் இந்த நிகழ்வு நடந்ததாக குறிப்பிடப்பட்டுள்ளது. மரியாள் ஆலயத்திலேயே கல்வி கற்றார், இறைவனின் அன்னையாகும் நிலைக்கு தன்னைத் தயாரித்தார் எனவும் இக்குறிப்புகளில் சொல்லப்பட்டுள்ளது. 

“பைசாண்டைன்” (Byzantines) பேரரசர் “முதலாம் ஜஸ்டீனியன்” (Emperor Justinian I) சிதைவுற்றுக் கிடந்த எருசலேம் ஆலயத்திற்கு அருகில் ஓர் ஆலயம் எழுப்பி, அதை கி. பி. 543ம் ஆண்டில் அதிதூய கன்னி மரியாளுக்கு அர்ப்பணித்தார். அதுமுதல் இவ்விழா கொண்டாடப்பட்டு வருகிறது. 

கி.பி. 614ம் ஆண்டில், “சசனியன் பேரரசின்” (Sasanian Empire) “பாரசீக பேரரசர்” (Persians) “இரண்டாம் கொஸ்ராவு” (Khosrau II), எருசலேமை முற்றுகையிட்டபோது இவ்வாலயம் இடிக்கப்பட்டாலும், மக்கள் இவ்விழாவைத் தொடர்ந்து கொண்டாடி வந்தார்கள். ஒன்பதாம் நூற்றாண்டு முதல் இத்தாலியின் தென் பகுதியில் இவ்விழா சிறப்பாகக் கொண்டாடப்பட்டது. 

இந்த விழாவை கி.பி. 1568ம் ஆண்டில் திருப்பலி புத்தகத்திலிருந்து திருத்தந்தை “ஐந்தாம் பயஸ்” (Pope Pius V) நீக்கினாலும், கி.பி. 1585ம் ஆண்டில் திருத்தந்தை “ஐந்தாம் சிக்ஸ்டஸ்” (Pope Sixtus V) இதனை மீண்டும் ரோமத் திருவழிபாடு நாள்காட்டியில் சேர்த்தார். 

அதிதூய கன்னி மரியாளை காணிக்கையாக அர்ப்பணித்தல் விழா நவம்பர் 21 ஆகும்!

*✝️Feast of the Day *

(November 21)

✠ The Presentation of Our Lady ✠

Feast Day: November 21

The Presentation of the Blessed Virgin Mary, known in the East as The Entry of the Most Holy Theotokos into the Temple, is a liturgical feast celebrated on November 21 by the Catholic and Orthodox Churches.

The cult to Our Lady was born in the East; from there also we received the feast of the Presentation of Our Lady, where it was celebrated from the end of the seventh century. In the West, Pope Gregory XI adopted the feast day in 1372 at the pontifical court of Avignon.

A year later, King Charles V introduced the feast of the Presentation at the Royal Chapel in Paris. In a letter dated November 10, 1374, to the masters and students of the College of Navarre, he expressed his desire that such a feast should be celebrated throughout the kingdom. The text of the letter reads:

“Charles, by the grace of God King of France, to our dearly beloved: health in Him Who ceases not to honour His Mother on earth.

“Among other objects of our solicitude, daily occupation, and diligent meditation, that which rightly occupies our first thoughts is that the Most Blessed Virgin and Holy Empress be honoured by us with very great love, and praised as it is due. For it is our duty to glorify her, and we, who raise the eyes of our soul to her on high, know what an incomparable protectress she is to all, how powerful a mediatrix she is with her Blessed Son for those who honour her with a pure heart... This is why we wish to stimulate our faithful people to celebrate this feast, as we ourselves intend to do by God's assistance every year of our life. We send to you the liturgy of the said feast to increase your joy.”

Such was the language of princes in those days. Then also at that very time, that wise and pious King, following up the work begun in Brétigny by Our Lady of Chartres, rescued France from its fallen and dismembered condition.

Comments:

In other words, the feast of the Presentation of Our Lady followed extraordinary historic circumstances. It was a Pope who introduced it in the West, and the King of France who spread it throughout his country. And from France, it extended to the whole world. The King took up the feast to thank Our Lady of Chartres for her protection in the battle of Brétigny, where the French army defeated its adversaries.

What does the feast of the Presentation celebrate? It celebrates the fact that the parents of Our Lady brought her to the Temple at the age of three and handed her over to live there for a long period as a virgin consecrated to the Temple, contemplating God exclusively.

What is the special beauty of this feast? Our Lady was the one chosen before time began, the Queen of Jesse from whom the Messiah would be born. The Temple was the only place in the Old Testament where sacrifices were offered to God. It represented, therefore, the only true religion. Our Lady being received at the Temple was the first step to the fulfilment of the promise that the Messiah would come to the true religion. It was the encounter of hope with reality.

When she was received at the Temple, Our Lady entered the service of God. That is, a soul incomparably holy entered the service of God. At that moment, notwithstanding the decadence of the nation of Israel, and even though the Temple had been transformed into a den of Pharisees, the Temple was filled with an incomparable light that was the sanctity of Our Lady.

It was in the Temple atmosphere that, without knowing it, she began to prepare herself to be the Mother of Our Lord Jesus Christ. It was there that she increased her love of God until she formed the ardent desire for the imminent coming of the Messiah. It was there that she asked God the honour to be the servant of His Mother. She did not know that she was the one chosen by God. This is so true that she wondered about the meaning of the salutation of the Archangel Gabriel when he greeted her to ask her permission for the Incarnation. That preparation for Our Lady to be the Mother of Jesus Christ began with the Presentation at the Temple, the feast the Church celebrates on November 21.

Is there a grace we should ask on this day? We should ask for spiritual help to be better prepared to serve God as Our Lady did. But the best way to serve God is to serve Our Lady herself. So, on this feast day, we should re-present ourselves before Our Lady, asking her to receive our offer of service and to give us her assistance in the task of our sanctification, just as the Holy Ghost helped her at the Temple of Jerusalem.

✠ புனிதர் முதலாம் கெலாசியஸ் ✠(St. Gelasius I)49ம் திருத்தந்தை:(49th Pope)

† இன்றைய புனிதர் †

(நவம்பர் 21)

✠ புனிதர் முதலாம் கெலாசியஸ் ✠

(St. Gelasius I)

49ம் திருத்தந்தை:

(49th Pope)

பிறப்பு: கி.பி. 5ம் நூற்றாண்டு

ரோம ஆப்ரிக்கா அல்லது ரோம்

(Roman Africa or Rome)

இறப்பு: நவம்பர் 19, 496

ரோம், இத்தாலி அரசு

(Rome, Ostrogothic Kingdom)

நினைவுத் திருநாள்: நவம்பர் 21

ஆப்ரிக்கா நாட்டு கருப்பினத்தைச் சார்ந்த புனிதர் முதலாம் கெலாசியுஸ், கி.பி. 492ம் ஆண்டு, மார்ச் மாதம், 1ம் தேதி முதல், தமது மரணம் (19 நவம்பர் 496) வரை திருத்தந்தையாக ஆட்சி புரிந்தவராவார். 49ம் திருத்தந்தையான இவர், “பெர்பர்” இனத்திலிருந்து (Berber Origin) வந்த ரோம் நகரின் மூன்றாவது மற்றும் கடைசி ஆயரும் ஆவார். எழுத்தாளருமான இவரது படைப்பாற்றல் இவரை பண்டைய மற்றும் ஆரம்ப மத்திய காலத்தின் இடையே கூரான முனையாக வைத்திருந்தது என்பர். இவருக்கு முந்தைய திருத்தந்தை “மூன்றாம் ஃபெலிக்ஸ்” (Pope Felix III) இவரை பணியில் அமர்த்தினார். திருத்தந்தையர் ஆவணங்களை தயாரித்தல் மற்றும் பாதுகாத்தல் இவரது பணியாகும்.

இவர் மிக சிறு வயதில் குருவானார் என்று கூறப்படுகின்றது. 483ம் ஆண்டிலிருந்து திருத்தந்தை மூன்றாம் ஃபெலிக்ஸுக்கு ஆலோசகராக பணியாற்றியுள்ளார். இவர் மிக சிறந்த விதத்தில் திருத்தந்தைக்கும் அரசியல் தலைவர்களுக்கும் வழிகாட்டியுள்ளார். திறமையான, அர்த்தமுள்ள முடிவுகள் எடுப்பதில் இவர் வல்லவராக திகழ்ந்தார். இறையியலாளர்கள் பலர் இவரின் ஆலோசனையை நாடி வந்தனர். திருத்தந்தை மூன்றாம் ஃபெலிக்ஸ், கி.பி. 492ம் ஆண்டு மார்ச் மாதம் 1 ம் நாளன்று இறந்துவிடவே, கெலாசியுஸ் திருத்தந்தையாக தேர்ந்தெடுக்கப்பட்டார்.

இவர் தழைத்தோங்கி இருந்த அரசர்களின் ஆட்சியை முறியடித்து திருச்சபையில் கடவுளுக்கு மட்டுமே முக்கியத்துவம் கொடுத்தார். கிறிஸ்துவின் நற்செய்திக்கு முதலிடம் கொடுத்தார். ஏழை மக்களின் வாழ்வுக்கென்று பல மையங்களை ஏற்படுத்தினார். திருச்சபை சொத்துகளில் நான்கில் ஒரு பகுதியை ஏழைகளுக்குப் பகிர்ந்துக் கொடுத்தார். 

இவர், தாம் வாழ்ந்து வளர்ந்த ஏழ்மையை என்றும் மறவாமல் இறுதிவரை வாழ்ந்தார். ஏழைகளுக்கென்று தன் ஆட்சியில் தனி இடம் ஒதுக்கினார். அம்மக்களின் ஈடேற்றத்திற்காக இரவும் பகலும் அயராது செபித்தார். இயேசு வாழக் கூறிய அன்பான வாழ்வை வாழ்ந்து மற்றவர்களுக்கு முன்னோடியாக திகழ்ந்தார். இவர் திருச்சபையில் பல சீர்த்திருத்தங்களைக் கொண்டு வந்தார். இவர் திருப்பலி பூசை புத்தகத்தை முதன்முதலில் அறிமுகப்படுத்திய பெருமைக்குரியவர் ஆவார். இவர் இறந்தபிறகு இவரது உடல் எங்கு அடக்கம் செய்யப்பட்டது என்பதை கண்டறிய இயலவில்லை.

† Saint of the Day †

(November 21)

✠ St. Gelasius I ✠

49th Pope:

Birth name: Gelasius

Born: ----

Roman Africa or Rome

Died: November 19, 496

Rome, Ostrogothic Kingdom

Feast: November 21

Pope Saint Gelasius I was the Supreme Pontiff of the Catholic Church from 1 March AD 492 to his death on 19 November 496. He was probably the third and final Bishop of Rome of Berber descent. Gelasius was a prolific author whose style placed him on the cusp between Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages. His predecessor Felix III employed him especially in drafting Papal documents. During his pontificate, he called for strict Catholic orthodoxy, more assertively demanded obedience to Papal authority, and, consequently, increased the tension between the Western and Eastern Churches.

A strong-willed archdeacon of the Roman Church, Gelasius apparently came from an African lineage but there is a debate over whether he was born in Africa or in Rome. The Liber pontificalis states that he was "nation Afer" whereas in a letter to Emperor Anastasius (Ep. Xii, n.1) he described himself as "Romanus natus."

He was the dominant figure in Rome during the reign of Felix II and draftsman of that pope's letters. His own letters and treatises reveal him as the chief Roman theoretician in the quarrel with Constantinople, known as the Acacian schism. Technically, the dispute concerned the flouting of the authority of the Roman Church through the intrusion of heretics in certain Eastern sees. In this light, he became an active defender of the historical importance of the sees of Antioch and Alexandria against the see of Constantinople. Actually, more was at stake. The popes were increasingly alarmed by the manifestations of caesaropapism in the late 5th century, exemplified by the heretical Henoticon of Emperor Zeno, who attempted to appease the Monophysites with a statement of faith devised by the Patriarch Acacius without consulting Rome. Though he was not attacked directly, Zeno became the real object of papal strictures.

Papal Supremacy. When faced by a new threat to orthodoxy, the popes of the time reacted instinctively by exalting the divine origin and apostolic basis of the papal office. If Leo I can be said to have laid the juridical foundations of papal authority for all time, Gelasius I applied those principles in letters that read very much like legal briefs. There was little that subsequent generations could add to his explicit statements about papal supremacy or the relations between church and state, except a spelling out of what was contained in his thought. The fame of Gelasius I rests on the great influence exercised by his letters and treatises on later generations; this influence they owed to the wide currency that they acquired through being excerpted and incorporated in a series of contemporary canonical collections, which began to be compiled about that time in the West, the products of the so-called Gelasian Renaissance, which he helped to inspire. One of the most famous of these early canonists, the Scythian Dionysius Exiguus, paid tribute to the learning and virtue of the pope in the preface to his early 6th-century collection of papal decretals. The inflexible attitude of Gelasius toward Constantinople was influenced by the pope's good relations with the Arian, Theodoric, who replaced Odoacer as king in Italy. Attempts were made by the Constantinopolitan patriarchs, Flavita and Euphemius, to restore communion with Rome, but the pope's demand that the name of Acacius is stricken from the diptychs caused the negotiations to break down.

The Two Powers. Zeno's successor as emperor, Anastasius II, inclined as he was to Monophysitism, was even less likely to countenance any concession on this point. However, he recognized the importance of cultivating good relations with Rome in the interests of protecting his vague suzerainty over Italy and took the occasion of an embassy from King Theodoric to Constantinople to remind the pope that he had received no greetings from him. In his respectful but firm reply, Gelasius outlined his views on the two powers that govern the world, the consecrated authority of bishops (auctoritas sacral Pontificum ) and the royal power (regalis potestas ). Gelasius made clear that, in his opinion, it was the duty of the emperor to learn about "divine things" from bishops, not vice versa. His implicit claim that the papal power was superior to the city marked a significant step toward the formation of the medieval hierocratic ideal.

Vicar of Christ. At a Roman synod held in 494, Gelasius decreed that the revenue from church property should be apportioned four ways, among the bishop, the clergy, and the poor and for the maintenance of buildings. (It should be noted, however, that in Ep. Xiv, n.27 he notes this practice as "dudum rationalizer decretum," which would seem to indicate that it had been a common practice, at least in Rome, for some time). This rule was incorporated in the oath that all bishops under the metropolitan jurisdiction of Rome were required to make on the day of their consecration (Liber diurnal ), and other churches adopted somewhat similar arrangements. A Roman synod the following year, whose acts have survived, is remembered as the first-known occasion when the pope was hailed as Vicar of Christ. Gelasius I warned against a resurgence of Pelagianism in Dalmatia and Picenum and was active in rooting out the last vestiges of paganism in Rome. Most notable in this respect is his treatise against the Lupercalia (a penitential and fructifying festival in which young men with whips cavorted about the city and struck women) which the senator Andromachus had tried to reform. He was also zealous in rooting out the last vestiges of Manichaeanism in Rome. A cache of Manichaean books was discovered and burned before the doors of St. Mary Majors. To this end, he also mandated, at least for a time, the celebration of the Holy Eucharist under both species because the Manichaeans would have rejected wine, seeing it as impure and sinful.

Gelasian Sacramentary. More than 100 of his letters and treatises have been preserved. Although Gelasius apparently wrote Mass formulas later incorporated in the so-called Leonine or Verona, Sacramentary, a 6th-century compilation, he can hardly have had anything to do with the 7th-century Roman presbyteral Sacramentary that commonly bears his name. Gelasius I was buried in St. Peter's, although the exact location of his tomb is unknown.

Saint Eudo of Carméry November 20

 Saint Eudo of Carméry

Also known as

Eudon, Eudes, Odo, Odon

Profile

Monk at Lerins Abbey in France. Founded the monastery of Corméry-en-Velay.

Died

c.760

Saint Humbert of Elmham November 20

 Saint Humbert of Elmham

Profile

Ninth-century bishop. Crowned Saint Edmund as king of East Anglia in 855. Martyred by pagan Danish raiders.

Died

870 in East Anglia (in modern England

Saint Gregory Decapolites November 20

 Saint Gregory Decapolites

Profile

Ninth century monk. Hermit. Pilgrim. An opponent of the iconoclasts, at whose hands he suffered.

Born

at the Decapolis, Asia Minor

Died

842 in Constantinople

Saint Nerses of Sahgerd November 20

 Saint Nerses of Sahgerd

Profile

Bishop of Sahgerd in Persia. Arrested with 10 or 12 parishioners during the persecutions of Shapur II. They were offered their freedom if they would worship the sun; they declined. Martyr.

Died

Persia

Saint Apothemius of Angers November 20

 Saint Apothemius of Angers

Also known as

Apotemius, Apothème, Hypotheme

Profile

Hermit. Spritual student of Saint Martin of Tours. Priest. Bishop of Angers, France c.380.

Born

Greece

Died

c.389

Saint Hippolytus of Belley November 20

 Saint Hippolytus of Belley

Also known as

• Hippolytus of Condat

• Hippolytus of Saint-Oyend

• Ippolito of...

Profile

Monk. Abbot of Saint-Oyend abbey. Bishop of Belley, France.

Died

c.772 in Jura, France

Saint Crispin of Ecija November 20

 Saint Crispin of Ecija

Profile

Fourth century bishop of Ecija, Andalusia, Spain. Martyred in the persecutions of Maximian Herculeus. Has a special office in the old Mozarabic Breviary and Missal.

Died

beheaded in the early 4th century in Ecija, Andalusia, Spain

Saint Autbodus of Valcourt November 20

 Saint Autbodus of Valcourt

Profile

Missionary and evangelist in the areas of Artois, Hainault and Picardy, regions today in modern France and Belgium. He finally retired to end his days as a hermit near Laon, France.

Born

Ireland

Died

690

Saint Dasius of Dorostorum November 20

 Saint Dasius of Dorostorum

Also known as

• Dasius of Silistria

• Dasio of...

Profile

Bishop at Dorostorum (modern Silistra, Bulgaria). Fought against the immorality involved in the Saturnalia and other pagan festivals. Martyred in the persecutions of Diocletian.

Died

c.303

Saint Sylvester of Châlons-sur-Saône November 20

 Saint Sylvester of Châlons-sur-Saône

Profile

Priest for 40 years. Bishop of Châlons-sur-Saône, France from c.484 to c.525. Saint Gregory of Tours describes him as "the glory of confessors".

Died

c.525 in Châlons-sur-Saône, France of natural causes

Saint Francis Xavier Can Nguyen November 20

 Saint Francis Xavier Can Nguyen

Also known as

Phanxicô Xaviê Can

Additional Memorial

24 November as one of the Martyrs of Vietnam

Profile

Layman. Catechist. Worked to help the Paris Foreign Mission Society. Arrested for his faith, he was offered the chance for freedom if he would renounce his faith; he declined. Martyr.

Born

c.1803 in Son Miêng, Hà Ðông, Vietnam

Died

strangled to death on 20 November 1837 in prison in Ô Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam

Canonized

19 June 1988 by Pope John Paul II

Saint Bernerio of Eboli November 20

 Saint Bernerio of Eboli

Also known as

Berniero

Profile

Pilgrim to all the major shrines in Spain and then in Rome, Italy. Cave hermit in Eboli, Salerno, Italy.

Born

c.1100 in Spain

Died

• late 12th century of natural causes

• buried at the church of the Benedictine monastery of San Pietro in Eboli, Italy

• relics re-discovered on 16 October 1554

• relics enshrined under the altar of the crypt of the church of San Pietro in Eboli on 25 July 1930

Canonized

Congregation of Rites approved an Office for the clergy of Eboli, Italy on 18 May 1602

Patronage

Eboli, Italy

Representation

• pilgrim's staff

• defeating, standing or chastising a dragon, referring to his personal fight with sin

Blessed Ambrose of Camaldoli November 20

 Blessed Ambrose of Camaldoli

Also known as

• Ambrose Traversari

• Ambrogio...

Profile

Born to the Tuscan nobility. Studied assorted arts, sciences and languages in Venice, Italy, and would be considered a classic Renaissance man. Joined the Camaldolese in 1400 at the Santa Maria del Angelis monastery in Florence, Italy. A noted scholar and theologian, he read widely, wrote extensively, including lives of the saints, collected a large library, and translated much of it. Teacher of both religious and lay people. Superior-general of the Camaldolese in 1431. Negotiator between the pope and emperor Sigismond. Worked for re-unification with the Greek bishops at the Council of Florence in 1439, drawing up the final statement of the Council.

Born

16 September 1386 in Portico di Romagna, Florence, Tuscany, Italy as Ambrose Traversari

Died

21 October 1439 in Rome, Italy of natural causes