இன்றைய புனிதர்கள் ஜனவரி 16

 St. Fusca and Marura

Feastday: January 16

Death: 250

Martyrs of Ravenna, Italy. Fusca was a young girl. Maura, her nurse, shared her martyrdom.

Saint Fusca of Ravenna is a child martyr killed ca. 250 AD in Ravenna, Italy under the persecutions of Decius. Her nurse, Marura, was martyred with her. She is venerated by the Roman Catholic Church.[1]

The presence of a column painting of the saint at the Church of the Nativity, in Bethlehem has provoked scholarly interest

† இன்றைய புனிதர் †

(ஜனவரி 16)

✠ புனிதர் ஜோசப் வாஸ் ✠

(St. Joseph Vaz)

இலங்கையின் திருத்தூதர்:

(Apostle of Sri Lanka)

கத்தோலிக்க குரு, மறைப்பணியாளர்:

(Catholic Priest and Missionary)

பிறப்பு: ஏப்ரல் 21, 1651

பெனோலிம், கோவா, போர்ச்சுகீசிய இந்தியா

(Benaulim, Goa, Portuguese India)

இறப்பு : ஜனவரி 16, 1711 (வயது 59)

கண்டி, கண்டி இராச்சியம், இலங்கை

(Kandy, Kingdom of Kandy, Sri Lanka)

ஏற்கும் சமயம்: 

ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை

(இந்தியா, இலங்கை சொற்பொழிவுக்கலை சபை)

(Roman Catholic Church 

(India, Sri Lanka and the Congregation of the Oratory)

அருளாளர் பட்டம்: ஜனவரி 21, 1995

திருத்தந்தை இரண்டாம் ஜான் பவுல்

(Pope John Paul II)

காலிமுகத்திடல் பூங்கா, கொழும்பு, இலங்கை

(Galle Face Green, Colombo, Sri Lanka)

புனிதர் பட்டம்: ஜனவரி 14, 2015

திருத்தந்தை ஃபிரான்சிஸ்

(Pope Francis)

காலிமுகத்திடல் பூங்கா, கொழும்பு, இலங்கை

(Galle Face Green, Colombo, Sri Lanka)

முக்கிய திருத்தலங்கள்: 

புனித ஜோசப் வாஸ் திருத்தலம்,

முடிப்பு, பன்ட்வால், கர்நாடகா, இந்தியா மற்றும் இலங்கையிலுள்ள மஹாகலகமுவ, கலகமுவ

(St. Joseph Vaz Shrine, Mudipu, Bantwal, Karnataka, India & Mahagalgamuwa, Galgamuwa in Sri Lanka)

நினைவுத் திருவிழா: ஜனவரி 16

பாதுகாவல்: இலங்கையும் அந்நாட்டு மக்களும்

தற்போதைய இந்திய மாநிலமான கோவா, அந்நாளில் போர்ச்சுகீசிய பேரரசின்கீழ் இருந்த காலத்தில், புனிதர் ஜோசப் வாஸ், போர்ச்சுகீசிய இந்தியா என்றழைக்கப்பட்ட பகுதியான கோவாவின் “பெனோலிம்” என்னுமிடத்தில் தமது பெற்றோருக்கு பிறந்த ஆறு குழந்தைகளில் மூன்றாவதாகப் பிறந்தவர் ஆவார். இவரது தந்தை “கிரிஸ்டோவாவோ வாஸும்” (Cristóvão Vaz) தாயார் “மரியா டி மிராண்டாவும்” (Maria de Miranda) கத்தோலிக்க விசுவாசமிக்கவர்கள் ஆவர்.

தமது சிறு வயதில் போர்ச்சுகீசிய மொழியில் கல்வி கற்ற இவர், சிறந்த மாணவராகத் திகழ்ந்ததால் ஆசிரியர்களாலும் சக மாணவர்களாலும் மதிக்கப்பட்டார். மேல்படிப்புக்காக கோவா நகர் அனுப்பப்பட்ட வாஸ், “புனித பவுலின் இயேசு சபை கல்லூரியில்” (Jesuit college of St. Paul) சேர்ந்து “சொல்லாட்சி” (Rhetoric) மற்றும் “மனிதநேயம்” (Humanities) ஆகிய பாடங்களில் பட்டம் பெற்றார். மேலும், கோவா நகரின் டோமினிக்கன் சபையினரின் “புனித தோமஸ் அக்குயினாஸின்” (St. Thomas Aquinas') “டொமினிக்கன் கல்லூரியில்” சேர்ந்து (Academy of the Dominicans) தத்துவ ஞான சாஸ்திரம் மற்றும் இறையியல் கற்று தேர்ந்தார்.

கி.பி. 1675ம் ஆண்டு, கோவா உயர்மறைமாவட்டத்தில் திருத்தொண்டராக அருட்பொழிவு செய்யப்பட்டார். அடுத்த ஒரு வருடத்தில் கோவா உயர் மறைமாவட்ட பேராயரால் குருத்துவ அருட்பொழிவு செய்யப்பட்டார். குருத்துவம் பெற்ற உடனேயே அனுபவமிக்க மறைப் பணியாளர்கள் போல நடை பயணமாகவே பல ஊர்களுக்கு பயணித்து மறை போதனை செய்ய ஆரம்பித்தார். குரு மாணவர்களுக்காக "சேன்கோல்" (Sancoale) என்ற இடத்தில் ஒரு இலத்தீன் மொழி பள்ளியைத் நிறுவினார். கி.பி. 1677ம் ஆண்டு, தம்மைத் தாமே "மரியாளின் அடிமை" (Slave of Mary) என்று பிரகடனப்படுத்திக்கொண்டார். அதனை ஒரு உயிலாக பாவித்து சீலிட்ட உரையில் (Deed of Bondage) வைத்து பாதுகாத்தார்.

அந்நாளில், இலங்கையை ஆண்ட போர்ச்சுகீசியர்கள் (Portuguese) நாட்டை 'டச்சு' (Dutch) நாட்டவரிடம் ஒப்படைத்துவிட்டு வெளியேறினர். நாட்டை ஆளத் தொடங்கிய டச்சு நாட்டவர், தமது மத விசுவாசமான "கால்வினசம்" (Calvinism) சபையை ஏற்றுக்கொள்ள மக்களை வற்புறுத்தினர்.

("கால்வினசம்" (Calvinism) என்பது, 'John Calvin' என்பவரால் கத்தோலிக்கத்துக்கு எதிராக உருவாக்கப்பட்ட இறையியல் அமைப்பாகும். இது லூத்தரன் கோட்பாட்டை உள்ளடக்கியதாகும்.)

இந்தியாவின் கோவாவில் பிறந்த புனிதர் ஜோசப் வாஸ், இலங்கையில் கத்தோலிக்க விசுவாசம் டச்சுக்காரர்களால் அடக்குமுறைக்கு உட்படுத்தப்பட்டிருந்த வேளையில், இலங்கைவாழ் கத்தோலிக்கருக்கு சேவை செய்வதற்காக இலங்கை வந்தார். இவர் இலங்கையின் வடக்குப் பிராந்தியங்களில் "யோசேவாஸ் முனீந்திரர்" எனவும் அழைக்கப்பட்டார். பிற்காலத்தில் இவர் கண்டி இராச்சியத்தில் தங்கியிருந்து இலங்கையில் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபையை மீளமைத்தார்.

யாழ்ப்பாணம் வருகை:

கி.பி. 1687ம் ஆண்டு, ஏப்ரல் மாதம், யாழ்ப்பாணம் வந்து சேர்ந்தார். அப்போது இலங்கையில் ஆட்சியில் இருந்த டச்சுக்காரர்கள் கால்வினிசத்தைப் (Calvinism) பின்பற்றியவர்கள். எனவே கத்தோலிக்கரையும், குருமாரையும் கொலை செய்தனர். பள்ளிகளைத் தரைமட்டமாக்கினர். இதனால் பிச்சைக்கார வேடத்தில் இலங்கை வந்த அடிகளாருக்கு சில்லாலையூர் மக்கள் புகலிடம் வழங்கினர். அவர் அங்கேயே தங்கி சில்லாலையிலும் அதனைச் சுற்றியுள்ள கிராமங்களிலும் கத்தோலிக்க மக்களுக்கு சேவையாற்றினார். பின்னர் அவர் மாறுவேடத்தில் நடை பயணமாக 24 ஆண்டுகளாகப் வன்னி, புத்தளம், மன்னார், பூநகரி ஆகிய இடங்களுக்கும் சென்று மறை போதகம் செய்தார்.

கண்டிக்கு விஜயம்:

கி.பி. 1692ம் ஆண்டு, கண்டிக்குச் சென்ற வாஸ் அடிகளார், அங்கு ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க விசுவாசத்தை மீண்டும் ஸ்தாபிக்கப் பெருமுயற்சி செய்தார். இதனால் அவர் அங்கு இரண்டாண்டுகள் சிறையிலும் இருக்க நேரிட்டது. கண்டியிலிருந்தே தனது சேவையைத் தொடர்ந்த வாஸ் அடிகள் கி.பி. 1696ம் ஆண்டு, இலங்கையின் (Vicar-General) பதவியைப் பெற்றார். கி.பி. 1710ம் ஆண்டில் மட்டக்களப்பு தாண்டவன்வெளி பரிசுத்த வியாகுலமாதா ஆலய வளவில் சிறு ஓலைக் கோயில் கட்டித் திருப்பலி ஒப்புக் கொடுக்கும்போது காட்டிக் கொடுக்கப்பட்டு மரத்தில் கட்டி அடிக்கப்பட்டார். கி.பி. 1711ம் ஆண்டில் கண்டியில் காலமானார்.

தமிழருக்கும் சிங்களவருக்கும் பணி:

வாஸ் அடிகளார் இலங்கை நாட்டில் தமிழ் மக்கள் மற்றும் சிங்கள மக்கள் மத்தியில் பணியாற்றினார் என்பது குறிப்பிடத்தக்கது. அவர் திருவிவிலியத்தை தமிழ், சிங்களம் ஆகிய இரு மொழிகளிலும் மொழிபெயர்த்தார். அவ்விரு மொழிகளிலும் மக்கள் கடவுளை வழிபடுவதற்கான நூல்களையும் இயற்றினார்.

மடு நகரில் அமைந்துள்ள அன்னை மரியாள் ஆலயத்தைப் புதுப்பித்துக் கட்டுவதற்கு வாஸ் அடிகளார் துணைபுரிந்தார். மேலும், கிறிஸ்தவ விசுவாசத்தை இலங்கையில் பரப்புகையில், அந்தந்த மக்களின் பண்பாட்டுப் பாணிகளை மதிக்க வேண்டும் என்பதிலும் அவர் கவனமாயிருந்தார். மொழி, இன வேறுபாடுகளைக் களைந்து, கடவுள் நம்பிக்கையில் மக்கள் வளர வேண்டும் என்பது அவருடைய குறிக்கோளாக இருந்தது.

கத்தோலிக்கர்களுக்கு இவர் ஆற்றிய அரும்பணிகளுக்காக இவர் இலங்கையின் திருத்தூதர் என அழைக்கப்பட்டார். 

வழக்கமாக புனிதர் பட்டமளிப்புக்கு தேவைப்படும் இரண்டாம் புதுமையினை வேண்டாம் என்று திருத்தந்தை ஃபிரான்சிஸ், வாஸ் அடிகளாருக்கு விதிவிலக்கு அளித்தார் என்பது குறிப்பிடத்தக்கது.

இலங்கையில் புனிதர் பட்டம் பெற்ற முதல் புனிதர் இவரேயாவார். இந்த நிகழ்வில் திருத்தந்தையிடம் ஆசிர் பெறுவதற்காக 4 இலட்சத்திற்கும் மேற்பட்ட மக்கள் பெருந்திரளாகக் கலந்துகொண்டனர்.

Saint Joseph Vaz

Also known as

• Apostle of Ceylon

• Apostle of Sri Lanka

Profile

Born to Christopher Vaz and Maria de Miranda, Christian parents of the Konkani Brahmin caste; the third of six children. Attended primary and secondary school in Sancoale, where he learned Portugese, and Benaulim, where he learned Latin. He studied humanities at the Jesuit Goa University, philosophy and theology at Saint Thomas Aquinas Academy.

Ordained in 1676. Preacher and confessor. Opened a Latin school in Sancoale for perspective seminarians. Always devoted to Our Lady, in 1677 he consecrated himself as a "slave of Mary," sealing it with a document known as his "Letter of Enslavement".

About this time Joseph learned of the condition of Catholics in Ceylon; persecuted by the Dutch, they had had no priests for 50 years. He sought permission to work in Ceylon, but was asked to go to the mission in Kanara. He accepted, but his thoughts and heart were in Ceylon. Vicar of Vara in Kanara, preaching, hearing confessions, visiting the sick, helping the poor, ransoming Christian slaves, working to settle jurisictional disputes that interfered with the sacraments.

Meanwhile, a small congregation of priests had formed in Goa with the Church of the Holy Cross of Miracles as their residence. Joseph joined and was elected superior. He gave a definitive canonical status to this Oratory, introduced religious exercises and charitable activities, and trained its members for the mission. In 1686 he gave up his position, and set out for Ceylon. Disguised as an itinerant worker, he reached the port of Tuticorin on Easter 1687, and then the Dutch stronghold of Jaffna in the north of the Ceylon.

He suffered from acute dysentery, contracted from the terrible travelling conditions, and upon recovery he began his mission by contacting Catholics and hiding from the Dutch. He was taken in by a courageous Catholic, and ministered to his secret flock by night. One step ahead of the authorities, in 1689 he went to the Catholic village of Sillalai and began ministering to folks in surrounding villages.

In 1690 Joseph moved on to Puttalam in the Kingdom of Kandy, where 1,000 Catholics had not seen a priest for half a century. He decided to make Kandy the centre of his apostolate, and in 1692 he left for there, hoping to obtain royal permission to travel freely. Instead, he was preceded by Calvinist accusations of being a Portugese spy, and was imprisoned with two other Catholics. There he learned Sinhala, the local language, and since the prison guards left the prisoners alone as long as they didn't try to escape, he built a hut-church and later a proper church dedicated to Our Lady, and began converting other prisoners.

In 1696 the Kingdom of Kandy was suffering a serious drought, and the king asked the Buddhist monks to pray to their gods for rain; there was no rain. He then turned to Joseph who erected an altar and cross in the middle of the square and prayed; abundant rain began to fall, while Joseph and his altar stayed dry. The king granted Joseph license to preach throughout the kingdom.

Making the most of his new-found freedom, he made a mission visit to the Dutch zone and visited Catholics in Colombo. Three missionaries from the Oratory of Goa arrived in 1697 to help him with the news that Don Pedro Pacheco, Bishop of Cochin, had appointed him Vicar General in Ceylon. He was organizing the basic mission structure when smallpox broke out in Kandy. His work with the sick convinced the king to allow Father Joseph every possible freedom in his labours.

Joseph carried his mission to the main centres of the island. He returned to Kandy in 1699 with Father Joseph de Carvalho who had been expelled at the instigation of Buddhist monks. He completed the construction of his new church, and went into service for the king, translating Portuguese books into Sinhala. From this vantage point, he intensified his ministry, and converted some Sinhalese notables, which gave rise to slanders against him and persecution of converts.

New missionaries arrived in 1705, which enabled him to organize the mission into eight districts, each led by a priest. He worked on the creation of a Catholic literature comparable to that of the Buddhists, and to affirm the rights of Catholics with the Dutch Protestant Government.

King Vimaldharna Surya II, Father Joseph's mentor, died in 1707, but Narendrasimha, his successor, was an even greater supporter. New missionaries arrived in 1708, and in 1710, despite health problems, Joseph took another apostolic trip. On his return, he fell ill from his carriage, and reached Kandy in serious condition. Though he recovered from a series of infections and fevers over the next year, age, work, and disease had finally worn him out. He undertook nine days of spiritual exercises prescribed by the Rule, but before the seventh day, he was called home to God.

Born

21 April 1651 at Benaulim, Salcette, Goa, India

Died

• late night 17 January 1711 at Kandy, Sri Lanka of natural causes

• due to the size of the crowds of mourners, his body had to be exposed for three days

• buried in the church in Kandy

Canonized

• 17 September 2014 by Pope Francis (papal confirmation of plenary session sentence; his Cause had been investigated since 1737)

• 20 October 2014 by Pope Francis (consistory for canonization)

• 14 January 2015 by Pope Francis (recognition celebration in Galle Face Green park, Colombo, Sri Lanka)

Patronage

archdiocese of Goa and Damão, India

Blessed Gonzalo de Amarante

Also known as

Gonçalo, Gonzalvus, Gundisalvus

Additional Memorial

10 January (Dominicans)

Profile

Born to a wealthy, high-ranking family. Upon his ordination, he transferred his great wealth to his newphews, and spent 14 years in pilgrimage through the Holy Lands; his family did not recognize him when he returned, and his nephew set the dogs on him. Dominican friar. Received permission from his superiors to live as a hermit near Amaranthe, Portugal. Built a bridge over the Tamega River, mainly with his own hands.

Many wonderful incidents are told of Blessed Gonzalo. Among them

• As he was being carried to the baptismal font as an infant, he fixed his eyes on the church's crucifix with a look of extraordinary love.

• He was directed to the Dominicans by a supernatural directive that he should join the Order in which the Office began and ended with the Ave Maria.

• When workers who helped briefly with his bridge building ran out of wine, Gonzalo prayed, smacked a rock with a stick, it split open, and wine poured out.

• When the workers ran out of food, Gonzalo went to the water, called out, and fish jumped onto the river bank to feed them.

• During a homily, in which he wanted to show the horror of exclusion from the Church, he 'excommunicated' a basket of bread; the loaves immediately became black, rotted and inedible. When he removed the 'excommunication' a few minutes later, the bread became fresh and wholesome again.

Born

1187 at Vizella, diocese of Braga, Portugal

Died

10 January 1259 of natural causes

Beatified

1560 by Pope Pius IV

Blessed Giuseppe Antonio Tovini

Profile

Eldest of seven children born to Moses and Rosa Malaguzzi; uncle and god-father of Blessed Mose Tovini. Studied law at the University of Padua, and worked at a firm in Lovere, Italy. Teacher and deputy director of a local college. Moved to diocese of Brescia, Italy in 1864. Mayor of Cividate Camuno, Italy from 1871 to 1874 where he worked to improve public construction. Married to Emilia Corbolani in the church of Saint Agatha in Brescia on 6 January 1875; father of ten, two of whom became nuns, and one a Jesuit. Member of the Secular Franciscans. Founded the Catholic newspaper Il Cittadino di Brescia (The City of Brescia) in 1878. President of the diocesan Committee of the Opera dei Congressi. Municipal and provincial councilor in Brescia where he worked to defend and help the poor and alienated. Founded the Saint Joseph Kindergarten and the College of Venerable A Luzzago in 1882. Founded the Banco Ambrosiano in Milan, Italy in 1888. Founded the Banca Santa Paolo in Brescia in 1888. Founded the Society for the Preservation of the Faith in Italian Schools in 1890. Founded the journal Faith and School in 1891. Help found an insurance company for Catholic teachers. Helped founded the Union Leone XIII to support the faith of students in university in Brescia, and worked support similar groups in other schools. Founded the magazine Modern Italian School in 1893. Founded the weekly journal La Voce del Popolo in 1893. Helped the Canossian sisters found a teaching college in Cividate Camuno in 1894. Supported the Catholic University Federation, and the creation of Catholic universities in Italy.

Born

14 March 1841 in Cividate Camuno, Brescia, Italy

Died

• 16 January 1897 in Brescia, Italy of natural causes

• re-interred in the Church of Saint Luke in Brescia on 10 September 1922

Beatified

• 20 September 1998 by Pope John Paul II

• the beatification miracle involved the healing of a nun in the monastery of the Visitation of Holy Mary of Massa and Cozzile in Potenza, Italy

Saint Fursey of Péronne

Also known as

• Fursey of Lagny

• Fursa, Furseo, Furse, Fursae, Fursu, Fulsey, Furseus

Profile

Son of an Irish prince. Related to Saint Foillan and Saint Ultan of Péronne. Educated by Saint Brendan the Voyager. Priest. Abbot of a house at Rathmat, Ireland. Preached, evangelized, and established monasteries in Ireland for twelve years. Evangelized in England, building monasteries. Evangelized in France, working with Saint Blitharius; they had great success. Clovis, king of the Franks, received him, and asked that he build a house at Lagny, France. Raised the young son of a court nobleman from the dead. Given to ecstacies and trances during which he received visions of a immense struggle between good and evil, with glimpses of heaven and hell. The visions were described in the aptly named Visions of Fursey, and had a great effect on such works as Dante's Divine Comedy. Bede wrote extensively and glowingly of Fursey. His image is on the banner of the city of Peronne, France.

Born

c.567 at Munster, Ireland

Died

• 648 at Mezerolles, France

• buried at Peronne, Picardy, France

• when his relics were translated in 654, his body was found incorrupt

• relics re-translated in 1056

• relics re-translated in 1256

• miracles reported at his tomb

• most relics destroyed in the French Revolution

Patronage

Peronne, France

#புனித_மார்செல்லஸ் (-309)

ஜனவரி 16

இவர் உரோமையின் ஆயராக இருந்தவர். உரோமை ஆண்ட தியோகிளசியன் என்ற மன்னன் திருஅவையைப் பலவாறாகச் சித்திரவதை செய்து ஓய்ந்த பின், 308 ஆம் ஆண்டு இவர் திருத்தந்தையாக உயர்ந்தார்.

இவர் திருத்தந்தையாக உயர்ந்தபின் திருஅவையை மீண்டுமாகக் கட்டியெழுப்பினார். குறிப்பாக இவர் உயிருக்கு அஞ்சித் திருஅவையை விட்டு வெளியேறிய மக்களை மன்னித்து திருஅவையில் ஏற்றுக்கொண்டார். 

ஒருசிலர் இவருக்கு எதிராகக் கிளர்ந்தெழுந்தார்கள். அவர்கள் அப்பொழுது உரோமையை ஆண்ட மாக்ஸெண்டியூஸ் என்ற மன்னனிடம் இவரைப் பற்றிச் சொல்ல,  அவன் இவரை நாடு கடத்தினான். அங்கு அவர் பலவிதமான கொடுமைகளுக்கு உள்ளாகி, இறுதியில் கொலை செய்யப்பட்டார்.

இவர் கிபி 309 ஆம் ஆண்டு கொல்லப்பட்டார் என்பது குறிப்பிடத்தக்கது.

Pope Saint Marcellus I

Also known as

Marcel, Marcelo

Profile

Nothing of his life before the papacy has survived the centuries. Pope at the end of the persecutions of Diocletian; the persecutions had so disrupted the Church that there had been a gap of over a year with no Pope. Faced reconsituting the clergy which had been decimated and whose remnant had practiced their vocation covertly and with the expectation of martyrdom. Worked to recover and welcome back those who had denied the faith to keep from being murdered.

When a group of the apostacized, known as the Lapsi, refused to do penance, Marcellus refused to allow their return to the Church. This group had some political pull, and some caused such civil disruption that Emperor Maxentius exiled the Pope in order to settle the matter. Legend says that Marcellus was forced to work as a stable slave as punishment, but this appears to be fiction. Considered a martyr as he died of the terrible conditions he suffered in exile.

Papal Ascension

May-June 308

Died

• 309

• initially buried in the cemetery of Saint Priscilla in Rome, Italy

• relics later translated to beneath the altar of San Marcello al Corso church in Rome where they remain today

Patronage

stablemen

Blessed Juana Maria Condesa Lluch

Also known as

Joanna Maria Condesa Lluch

Profile

Born into a wealthy and pious family, she received a good secular and Christian education. Even as a child Juana was devoted to the Holy Eucharist and Our Lady, and felt a call to serve. As she grew she developed a deep prayer life, felt a call to religious life, and a need to help factory workers who lived in horrible, de-humanizing and life-shortening conditions of 19th century industrialization.

Cardinal Antolín Monescillo, archbishop of Valencia initially refused her permission to found a religious congregation, saying she was too young. But in 1884 she received permission to open a shelter to provide material and spiritual assistance to factory workers and their families. Soon after she opened a school for their children, and other young women felt a call to help in the work. They formed the basis for the Congregation of the Handmaids of the Immaculate Conception, Protectress of Workers which she founded in Valencia, Spain. They are teachers, spiritual directors and protectors of the poor, especially young working women. The Congregation received diocesan approval in 1892, temporary papal approval from Pope Pius XI on 14 April 1937, and definitive approval on 27 January 1947 from Pope Pius XII.

Born

30 March 1862 in Valencia, Spain

Died

16 January 1916 in Valencia, Spain of natural causes

Beatified

23 March 2003 by Pope John Paul II

ஆர்லஸ் நகர் ஆயர் ஹோனோராடுஸ் Honoratus von Arles

பிறப்பு 

4 ஆம் நூற்றாண்டு, 

காலியன் Gallien அல்லது டிரியர் Trier, ஜெர்மனி

இறப்பு 

16 ஜனவரி 429

பாதுகாவல்: மழை, விபத்துகளிலிருந்து

ஹோனோராடூஸ் 410 ஆம் ஆண்டு பிரான்சு நாட்டிலுள்ல லேரின்ஸ் தீவில் Lerins Insel மிக அழகானதொரு துறவற இல்லம் ஒன்றை கட்டினார். அவர் கட்டிய அக்கட்டிடத்தில் உள்ள பொருட்களைப்போல, இவ்வுலகம் முழுவதும் தேடியபோதும் அவ்வழகான பொருள் கிடைக்கவில்லை என்று கூறப்படுகின்றது. அவ்வில்லமானது புனித ஹோனோராட் என்ற பெயரில் அழைக்கப்படுகின்றது. அத்துறவற இல்லமானது மிக அற்புதமான அழகாக இருந்ததால் உலகின் எப்பகுதியில் வாழும் மக்களும், அதன் அழகைக் கண்டு ரசிக்க சென்றனர். இதனால் அவரே, அவ்வில்லத்தைப்பற்றி எடுத்துரைப்பவராக மாறினார். பின்னர் அவ்வில்லமானது புகழ்வாய்ந்து திகழ்ந்ததால் திருச்சபையின் தேவைக்காக பயன்படுத்தப்பட்டது. இவர் அவ்வில்லத்திலேயே தங்கி, இறையியலை கற்றார். மிகச் சிறந்த கலைஞரான இவர் 426 ஆம் ஆண்டு ஆர்லஸ் நகரின் ஆயராக தேர்ந்தெடுக்கப்பட்டார். இவர் தாம் எழுப்பிய துறவற மடத்திற்கென்று ஒரு சில ஒழுங்குகளை தம் கைப்பட எழுதியுள்ளார். இவர் ஏறக்குறைய 3 ஆண்டுகள் மட்டுமே ஆயராக பணியாற்றினார். இவர் இறந்து பல ஆண்டுகள் கழித்து 1788 ஆம் ஆண்டு இவரின் கல்லறை மேல் ஆலயம் ஒன்று கட்டப்பட்டுள்ளது.

Saint Honoratus of Arles

Also known as

Honorat, Honore

Profile

Son of a Roman consul, and raised as a pagan. Converted to Christianity as a young man. Friend of Saint Caprasius; brother of Saint Venantius. Lived and studied monasticism in Greece, Egypt and Palestine. When he returned to France, he founded the abbey of Lérins on the isle of the same name off the coast of Provence, France. Abbot of the house. In 426 he was ordered to accept the archbishopric of Arles, Gaul (modern France). Teacher of Saint Hilary of Arles, who served as secretary of Honoratus. Worked against the Arian and Manichaean heresies, and re-established orthodoxy.

Born

c.350 in northern Gaul

Died

• January 429 of natural causes

• relics at Lérins

Patronage

• against drought

• against misfortune

• against rain

• for rain

† இன்றைய புனிதர் †

(ஜனவரி 16)

✠ கார்பியோ நகர் புனிதர் பெரார்ட் மற்றும் நண்பர்கள் ✠

(St. Berard of Carbio and Companions)

மறைப்பணியாளர், குரு, மறைசாட்சி:

(Religious, Priest and Martyr)

பிறப்பு: தெரியவில்லை

கார்பியோ, ஊம்ப்ரியா, திருத்தந்தையர் மாநிலங்கள்

(Carbio, Umbria, Papal States)

இறப்பு: ஜனவரி 16, 1220

மொரோக்கோ

(Morocco)

ஏற்கும் சமயம்:

கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை

(Catholic Church)

புனிதர் பட்டம்: ஆகஸ்ட் 7, 1481

திருத்தந்தை ஆறாம் சிக்ஸ்டஸ்

(Pope Sixtus IV)

முக்கிய திருத்தலம்:

திருச்சிலுவை துறவு மடம், கோய்ம்ப்ரா, போர்ச்சுகல்

(Monastery of the Holy Cross, Coimbra, Portugal)

நினைவுத் திருநாள்: ஜனவரி 16

புனிதர் பெரார்ட் (Berard of Carbio), மற்றும் இவரது நான்கு தோழர்களும், பதின்மூன்றாம் நூற்றாண்டில் வாழ்ந்து, கிறிஸ்தவ மறையை பரப்பும் தமது முயற்சிக்காக, “வடக்கு ஆபிரிக்காவிலுள்ள” (North Africa) “மொரோக்கோ” (Kingdom of Morocco) அரசில் மறைசாட்சியாக கொல்லப்பட்ட “ஃபிரான்சிஸ்கன் சபையின்” (Franciscan Friars) துறவியர் ஆவர். இவர்களை, ஃபிரான்சிஸ்கன் சபை தமது “முதல் மறைசாட்சியாக” (Protomartyrs) ஏற்றுக்கொண்டது.

பாரம்பரியப்படி, பெரார்ட், இத்தாலியின் இருபது பிராந்தியங்களில் ஒன்றான “ஊம்ப்ரியாவின்” (Umbria) “கார்பியோ” (Carbio) எனுமிடத்தின் வாசி ஆவார். இவர், “லியோபர்டி” (Leopardi) என்றழைக்கப்படும் பிரபுத்துவ குடும்பத்தில் பிறந்தவர் ஆவார்.

“அசிசியின் புனிதர் ஃபிரான்சிஸ்” (St. Francis of Assisi) அவர்களால் புதிதாக நிறுவப்பட்ட “ஃபிரான்சிஸ்கன்” சபையில் கி.பி. 1213ம் ஆண்டு இணைத்துக்கொள்ளப்பட்டார்.

அரபி மொழி நன்கு அறிந்திருந்த இவர், சொல்திறன் மிக்க வல்லமை வாய்ந்த பிரசங்கியாவார். அசிசியின் புனிதர் ஃபிரான்சிஸ், இவரையும், “பீட்டர்” (Peter) மற்றும் “ஒத்தோ” (Otho) ஆகிய இரண்டு குருக்களையும், “அக்குர்சியஸ்” (Accursius) மற்றும் “அட்ஜுடஸ்” (Adjutus) ஆகிய இரண்டு பொதுநிலையினரையும், கிழக்கே சமய நம்பிக்கையற்றவர்களுக்கு (Infidels of the East) மறைப்பணியாற்ற தேர்ந்தெடுத்தார்.

கி.பி. 1219ம் ஆண்டு நடந்த ஃபிரான்சிஸ்கன் சபை துறவியரின் இரண்டாம் பொது சங்கத்தின் (Second General Chapter of the Franciscan friars) முடிவில், தமது சபையின் அப்போஸ்தல பணிகளை இத்தாலி தீபகற்பம் மற்றும் வடக்கு ஐரோப்பிய நாடுகளில் பரவச் செய்யும் நேரம் வந்துவிட்டதாக அசிசியின் புனிதர் ஃபிரான்சிஸ் எண்ணினார். ஆகவே, பெரார்ட் மற்றும் அவரது தோழர்கள், மொராக்கோவின் மறைப்பணிகளில் பிரசங்கிக்க வேண்டுமென்ற அவர்களது கோரிக்கையை அவர் மனமுவந்து ஏற்றுக்கொண்டு சம்மதித்தார்.

இத்தாலியிலிருந்து கடல் பயணம் மேற்கொண்ட மறைப்பணியாளர்கள் ஐவரும், “அண்டலூசியாவின் தன்னாட்சி சமூகத்தின்” (Autonomous Community of Andalusia) தலைநகரான “செவில்” (Seville) சென்றடைந்தனர். இஸ்லாமிய ஆட்சி நடந்துகொண்டிருந்த அங்கே, அவர்களது பிரசங்கம் வெற்றிபெறவில்லை. “ஸ்பெயின்” (Spain) மற்றும் “போர்ச்சுகல்” (Portugal) நாடுகளில் சில காலம் தங்கியிருந்த பிறகு, அவர்கள் “மொரோக்கோ அரசுக்கு” (Kingdom of Morocco) பயணித்தனர்.

மறைப்பணியாளர்கள் ஐவரில் பெரார்ட் மட்டுமே அரபி மொழி அறிந்திருந்தாலும், வெளிப்படையாக நற்செய்தியை அவர்கள் அறிவித்த விதமும், இஸ்லாம் மதத்தை கண்டனம் செய்த அவர்களது தைரியமும், விரைவிலேயே அவர்களை பித்துப் பிடித்தவர்களாக பார்க்க வைத்தது. எனினும், அவர்களது பிரசங்கம் வெளிப்படையானதாக இருந்த போதினும், அவர்கள் பிரசங்கிப்பதை நிறுத்தவோ, அல்லது ஓடிப்போகவோ இல்லை. அவர்களனைவரும் கைது செய்யப்பட்டு சிறையில் அடைக்கப்பட்டனர்.

கத்தோலிக்க விசுவாசத்தை கைவிடுமாறு செய்யப்பட்ட வற்புறுத்தல்களும் முயற்சிகளும் வீண்போயின. கோபத்தின் உச்சத்துக்குச் சென்ற முஸ்லிம் அரசன், பெரார்ட் உள்ளிட்ட மறைப்பணியாளர்கள் அனைவரையும் தமது கொடுவாளால் (Scimitar) தலையை துண்டித்துக் கொன்றான்.

போர்ச்சுகலுக்கு திரும்ப கொண்டுவரப்பட்ட அவர்களனைவரின் உடல்களும் புனித செயல்முறைகளுடன் அங்கிருந்து “அசிசி” (Assisi) கொண்டுசெல்லப்பட்டன. தமது மடாலயத்திலிருந்து இதனைப் பார்த்துக்கொண்டிருந்த ஒரு இளம் குருவானவர், மடாலயத்திலிருந்த பாதுகாப்புகளையும் மீறி, அசிசி (Assisi) பயணித்து ஃபிரான்சிஸ்கன் சபையில் சேர்ந்தார். அவரே, பதுவையின் புனிதர் அந்தோனியார் (St. Anthony of Padua) ஆவார்.

Saint Berardes of Morocco

Also known as

• Berardes of Carbio

• Berard, Berardo, Beraldus

Profile

Born to the Italian nobility. Franciscan monk accepted into the order by Saint Francis of Assisi himself in 1213. Priest. Preacher. Spoke Arabic. Leader of a party (with Peter, Otho, Accursius, and Adjutus) sent by Saint Francis to preach to Muslims in Morocco. Upon arrival, they began preaching in the market place. They were immediately arrested and ordered to stop. When the group continued to preach, they were beaten. When they refused to renouce Christ, the sultan beheaded them. They are believed to be the first Franciscan martyrs. Upon viewing their relics, young Anthony of Padua was moved to join the Franciscans and set off to preach in Morocco.

Born

at Carbio, Umbria, Italy

Died

• beheaded on 16 January 1220 in Morocco

• relics were ransomed, and are now in the monastery of the Holy Cross in Coimbra, Portugal

Canonized

1481 by Pope Sixtus IV

Saint Titian of Oderzo

Also known as

• Titian of Venice

• Tiziano of Oderzo

Profile

Born to the Italian nobility. Educated by Bishop Floriano of Oderzo, Italy. Priest. Treasurer of the diocese of Oderzo. Noted for his charity. When Floriano was assigned to another diocese, Titian was chosen by popular acclaim as the reluctant new bishop of Oderzo; he tried to get Floriano to return, but eventually took over the see. He was a model of religious life and shepherd to his people, noted for his ability as a preacher. Fought against Arianism.

Born

Heraclea, Italy

Died

• 16 January 632 in Oderzo, Italy of natural causes

• buried in the cathedral of Oderzo, which no longer exists

• relics re-interred in a bronze Byzantine sarcophagus in Vittorio Veneto

Canonized

Pre-Congregation; cultus known to have been active in the 8th century

Patronage

• Oderzo, Italy, city of

• Oderzo, Italy, diocese of

• Vittorio Veneto, Italy

Blessed James of Luino

Also known as

• James de Leuteri

• James of Eleuterii

• Giacomo

Profile

Born to the Italian nobility, he spent the early part of his life managing his family's business. At age 40 he became a Carmelite lay brother at the abbey of Melegnano, Italy. He and two other lay brothers retured to the family estates in Luino, Italy in 1475 to build a chapel to Our Lady of Mount Carmel. James dedicated himself to the spiritual and physical care of local people; he was known for his gift of healing by prayer and of turning stones into bread.

Born

c.1416 in Luino, Italy

Died

• 1477 in Luino, Italy of natural causes

• witnesses report that as he died, the candles all around the room suddenly lit on their own

• buried in the church of Saint Peter in Luino

• relics transferred to a new parish church in Luino in 1578

• grave re-discovered in 1834 and the relics moved to the chapel of the Blessed Virgin Mary he had helped to build

Saint Sigeberht of East Anglia

Profile

While exiled from East Anglia to France during the reign of King Redwald, Sigeberht converted to Christianity. He returned to East Anglia as king in 630, the first Christian king of the region. Worked with Archbishop Honorius of Canterbury and Saint Fursey to bring Christianity to his subjects. Helped found churches, schools and monasteries. After a short reign, he abdicated in favour of Ecgric and retired to become a monk. When Mercia invaded East Anglia, Sigeberht was taken against his will from his monastery to the battle field in hopes that he would rally the army; he refused to carry a weapon or fight, and was killed by the pagan King Penda of Mercia. Venerated in East Anglia as a martyr.

Born

6th century East Anglia (part of modern England)

Died

murdered in 635 in East Anglia, England

Saint Accursies of Morocco

Also known as

Accursius

Profile

Franciscan Friar Minor. Saint Francis of Assisi to evangelize the Moors of the West. He and his fellow missionaries preached in Italy, Aragon, Coimbra, Seville, and finally in Morocco, where they were banished and, upon their return, martyred.

Died

• 16 January 1220 in Morocco by being scourged till his ribs appeared bare, having burning oil and vinegar poured into the wounds, body rolled on sharp stones and potsherds, then his head split by a sword

• relics were ransomed, and are now in the monastery of the Holy Cross in Coimbra, Portugal

Canonized

1481 by Pope Sixtus IV

Saint Dana of Leuca

Also known as

• Dana of Aulana

• Dana of Aulon

• Dana of Vlore

• Danacte, Danacto, Danatte, Danax, Donato, Donatus

Additional Memorial

24 January (Armenian)

Profile

Immigrant to and deacon in Santa Maria di Leuca, Italy. When the port town was invaded, Dana gathered up the sacred vessels and scriptures and ran inland; he managed to consume the consecrated Hosts to prevent them from being profaned. Ordered to sacrifice wine to the pagan god Bacchus, Dana refused. Martyr.

Born

6th century Vlora, Albania

Died

• hacked to death with swords near Santa Maria di Leuca, Italy

• body parts thrown into the sea

Blessed Louis-Antoine-Rose Ormières Lacase

Profile

Priest in the diocese of Carcassonne, France. Founder of the Congregation of the Guardian Angel Sisters.

Born

14 July 1809 in Quillan, Aude, France

Died

16 January 1890 in Gijon, Asturias, Spain of natural causes

Beatified

• 22 April 2017 by Pope Francis

• the beatification miracle involved the cure from maxillofacial cancer of one of the Spanish sisters of the Guardian Angel

• the beatification recognition was celebrated in Oviedo, Spain by Cardinal Angelo Amato

Saint Peter of Morocco

Profile

Franciscan Friar Minor. Saint Francis of Assisi to evangelize the Moors of the West. He and his fellow missionaries preached in Italy, Aragon, Coimbra, Seville, and finally in Morocco, where they were banished and, upon their return, martyred.

Died

• 16 January 1220 in Morocco by being scourged till his ribs appeared bare, having burning oil and vinegar poured into the wounds, body rolled on sharp stones and potsherds, then his heads split by a sword

• relics were ransomed, and are now in the monastery of the Holy Cross in Coimbra, Portugal

Canonized

1481 by Pope Sixtus IV

Saint Otto of Morocco

Profile

Franciscan Friar Minor. Saint Francis of Assisi to evangelize the Moors of the West. He and his fellow missionaries preached in Italy, Aragon, Coimbra, Seville, and finally in Morocco, where they were banished and, upon their return, martyred.

Died

• 16 January 1220 in Morocco by being scourged till his ribs appeared bare, having burning oil and vinegar poured into the wounds, body rolled on sharp stones and potsherds, then his heads split by a sword

• relics were ransomed, and are now in the monastery of the Holy Cross in Coimbra, Portugal

Canonized

1481 by Pope Sixtus IV

Blessed Joan of Bagno di Romagna

Also known as

Giovanna, Jeanne

Additional Memorial

13 February (Camaldolese menology)

Profile

Camaldolese nun. Friend of Saint Agnes of Bagno di Romagna.

Born

Tuscany, Italy

Died

• 16 January 1105 at Bagno di Romagna, Forli, Italy of natural causes

• at the moment of her death the local church bells all rang spontaneously

Beatified

15 April 1823 by Pope Pius VII (cultus confirmation)

Patronage

Bagno di Romagna, Italy

Representation

lily

Saint Henry of Coquet

Also known as

• Henry of Cocket

• Henry the Dane

Profile

Drawn to religious life from an early age, Henry sailed to England to live as a hermit on Coquet (Cocket) Island off Northumberland without the pressure of family and friends who wanted him to forego such devotions. Never joined any order, but lived under the direction of the monks at Tynemouth, England.

Born

11th century Denmark

Died

• 16 January 1127 on Coquet Island, England of natural causes

• buried in the church of Blessed Virgin at Tynemouth, England

Blessed Konrad II of Mondsee

Also known as

• Konrad Bosinlother

• Conrad...

Profile

Benedictine monk at Siegburg Abbey. Abbot of Mondsee in Upper Austria in 1127. When some nobles seized property belonging to his monastery, Konrad demanded that it be returned; the nobles had him killed. His brother monks considered him a martyr as he died for defending his monastery.

Born

c.1100 at Trier, Germany

Died

• murdered in Oberwang, Austria in 1145

• relics in the church of the Mondsee Abbey

Saint James of Tarentaise

Also known as

• Apostle of Savoy

• James the Syrian

• James the Assyrian

• Giacomo

Profile

Soldier in the imperial Persian army. Convert to Christianity. Monk. Spiritual student of Saint Honoratus at Lérins in France. Missionary to the Savoy region. First bishop of Moûtiers, France in 426. Known as a miracle worker.

Born

Syrian

Died

16 January 429 in Arles, France

Saint Honoratus of Fondi

Profile

Sixth century Benedictine monk. Founder and abbot of the monastery at Fondi, southern Italy. Pope Saint Gregory the Great wrote a brief biography of him.

Patronage

Fondi, Italy

Saint Priscilla of Rome

Profile

Married to Manius Acilius Glabrio. Mother of Senator Pudens. Supported Saint Peter the Apostle in his work in Rome, Italy, her villa near the Roman catacombs serving as Peter's headquarters.

Saint Dunchaid O'Braoin

Profile

Hermit. Abbot on Clanmocnoise, near Westmeath, Ireland c.969. In his last years he retired from abbacy to resume the life of a hermit at Armagh, Ireland.

Born

in Westmeath, Ireland

Died

988 in Armagh, Ireland of natural causes

Saint Triverius

Also known as

Trivier, Triviero, Troverio

Profile

Known as a spiritual child. Hermit near the monastery of Thérouanne, and then at Dombes at a young age. The French village of Saint Trivier is named for him.

Born

Neustria, Gaul (in modern France)

Died

550 of natural causes

Saint Valerius of Sorrento

Profile

Hermit for many years near Sorrento, Italy. Reluctant bishop of Sorrento, chosen by the people of that city due to his wisdom and piety.

Died

453 of natual causes

Patronage

Sorrento, Italy

Saint Melas of Rhinocolura

Profile

Bishop of Rhinocolura on the Mediterranean Sea near the boundary between Egypt and Palestine. Imprisoned and tortured by Arian heretics.

Died

385

Saint Leobazio

Also known as

Leobato

Profile

Fifth-century monk. Spiritual student of Saint Urso. Abbot of Saint Orso Sénevière abbey in Lugdunense, Gaul (in modern France).

Saint Liberata of Pavia

Profile

Sister of Saint Honorata and Saint Ephiphanius of Pavia. Nun.

Born

Pavia, Italy

இன்றைய புனிதர்கள் ஜனவரி 15

 St. Nina

Feastday: January 15

Patron: of Georgia

Birth: 300

Death: 332

St. Nina (fl. III/IV Century) was born in Cappadocia. Tradition says she was a relative of St. George who travelled to Iberia (Georgia) to convert the people to Christianity. Scholars believe she was a slave to whom the name Nino (the Georgian form of Nina) was given; she has also been identified as Christiana. The quiet piety of her life and her preaching converted many people, and when she cured Queen Nana of a seemingly incurable disease, Nina converted the queen. When King Mirian also became a Christian, he sent to Constantinople for bishops and priests. Nina continued to preach throughout Georgia until her death at Bodke. A church dedicated to the memory of St. George was built on the site of her grave.

Not to be confused with Santo Niño.

Saint Nina (Georgian: წმინდა ნინო, ts'minda nino; Armenian: Սուրբ Նունե, Surb Nune; Greek: Αγία Νίνα, Agía Nína; sometimes St. Nune or St. Ninny) Equal to the Apostles and the Enlightener of Georgia (c. 296 – c. 338 or 340) was a woman who preached Christianity in the territory of Caucasian Iberia, of what is now part of Georgia. It resulted in the Christianization of the royal house of Iberia, with the consequent Christianization of Iberia.

According to most widely traditional accounts, she belonged to a Greek-speaking Roman family from Kolastra, Cappadocia, was a relative of Saint George,[1] and came to Georgia (ancient Iberia) from Constantinople. Other sources claim she was from Rome, Jerusalem or Gaul (modern France). According to legend, she performed miraculous healings and converted the Georgian queen, Nana, and eventually the pagan king Mirian III of Iberia, who, lost in darkness and blinded on a hunting trip, found his way only after he prayed to "Nino’s God". Mirian declared Christianity the official religion (c. 327) and Nino continued her missionary activities among Georgians until her death.

Her tomb is still shown at the Bodbe Monastery in Kakheti, eastern Georgia. St. Nino has become one of the most venerated saints of the Georgian Orthodox Church and her attribute, a grapevine cross, is a symbol of Georgian Christianity.

Early life

Many sources agree that Nino was born in the small town of Colastri, in the Roman province of Cappadocia, although a smaller number of sources disagree with this. On her family and origin, the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church have different traditions.

According to the Eastern Orthodox Church tradition, she was the only child of a famous family. Her father was Roman general Zabulon and her mother Sosana (Susan). On her father's side, Nino was related to St. George, and on her mother's, to the patriarch of Jerusalem, Houbnal I.

During her childhood, Nino was brought up by the nun Niofora-Sarah of Bethlehem.[2] Nino’s uncle, who was the patriarch of Jerusalem, oversaw her traditional upbringing. Nino went to Rome with the help of her uncle where she decided to preach the Christian gospel in Iberia, known to her as the resting place of Christ’s tunic. According to the legend, Nino received a vision where the Virgin Mary gave her a grapevine cross and said:

"Go to Iberia and tell there the Good Tidings of the Gospel of Jesus Christ, and you will find favour before the Lord; and I will be for you a shield against all visible and invisible enemies. By the strength of this cross, you will erect in that land the saving banner of faith in My beloved Son and Lord."

Saint Nino entered the Iberian Kingdom in Caucasus from the Kingdom of Armenia, where she escaped persecution at the hands of the Armenian King Tiridates III. She had belonged to a community of virgins numbering 35,[3] along with martyr Hripsime, under the leadership of St. Gayane, who preached Christianity in the Armenian Kingdom. They were all, with the exception of Nino, tortured and beheaded by Tiridates. All 35 of the virgins were soon canonised by the Armenian Apostolic Church, including Nino (as St. Nune).

Contrasting with this, the Roman Catholic tradition, as narrated by Rufinus of Aquileia, says Nino was brought to Iberia not by her own will, but as a slave, and that her family tree is obscure.[4]

St Nino in Iberia

Saint Nino with her scroll and grapevine cross

Nino reached the borders of the ancient Georgian Kingdom of Iberia from the south about 320. There she placed a Christian cross in the small town of Akhalkalaki and started preaching the Christian faith in Urbnisi, finally reaching Mtskheta (the capital of Iberia). The Iberian Kingdom had been influenced by the neighbouring Persian Empire which played an important role as the regional power in the Caucasus. The Iberian King Mirian III and his nation worshiped the syncretic gods Armazi and Zaden. Soon after the arrival of Nino in Mtskheta, Nana, the Queen of Iberia requested an audience with the Cappadocian.

Queen Nana, who suffered from a severe illness, had some knowledge of Christianity but had not yet converted to it. Nino, restoring the Queen's health, won to herself disciples from the Queen's attendants, including a Jewish priest and his daughter, Abiathar and Sidonia. Nana also officially converted to Christianity and was baptized by Nino herself. Mirian, aware of his wife’s religious conversion, was intolerant of her new faith, persecuting it and threatening to divorce his wife if she did not leave the faith.[5] He secluded himself, however, from Nino and the growing Christian community in his kingdom. His isolation to Christianity did not last long because, according to the legend, while on a hunting trip, he was suddenly struck blind as total darkness emerged in the woods. In a desperate state, King Mirian uttered a prayer to the God of St Nino:

If indeed that Christ whom the Captive had preached to his Wife was God, then let Him now deliver him from this darkness, that he too might forsake all other gods to worship Him.[6]

As soon as he finished his prayer, light appeared and the king hastily returned to his palace in Mtskheta. As a result of this miracle, the King of Iberia renounced idolatry under the teaching of St Nino and was baptized as the first Christian King of Iberia. Soon, the whole of his household and the inhabitants of Mtskheta adopted Christianity. In 326 King Mirian made Christianity the state religion of his kingdom, making Iberia the second Christian state after Armenia.

After adopting Christianity, Mirian sent an ambassador to Byzantium, asking Emperor Constantine I to have a bishop and priests sent to Iberia. Constantine, having learned of Iberia’s conversion to Christianity, granted Mirian the new church land in Jerusalem[7] and sent a delegation of bishops to the court of the Georgian King. Roman historian Tyrannius Rufinus in Historia Ecclesiastica writes about Mirian's request to Constantine:

After the church had been built with due magnificence, the people were zealously yearning for God's faith. So an embassy is sent on behalf of the entire nation to the Emperor Constantine, in accordance with the captive woman's advice. The foregoing events are related to him, and a petition submitted, requesting that priests be sent to complete the work which God had begun. Sending them on their way amidst rejoicing and ceremony, the Emperor was far more glad at this news than if he had annexed to the Roman Empire peoples and realms unknown.[8]

In 334, Mirian commissioned the building of the first Christian church in Iberia which was finally completed in 379 on the spot where now stands the Svetitskhoveli Cathedral in Mtskheta.

A mosaic in Samtavro Monastery, Mtskheta

Nino, having witnessed the conversion of Iberia to Christianity, withdrew to the mountain pass in Bodbe, Kakheti. St Nino died soon after; immediately after her death, King Mirian commenced with the building of monastery in Bodbe, where her tomb can still be seen in the churchyard.

Nino and its variants remains the most popular name for women and girls in the Republic of Georgia. There are currently 88,441 women over age 16 by that name residing in the country, according to the Georgia Ministry of Justice. It also continues to be a popular name for baby girls.[9]

The Georgian name "Nino" is "Nune" or "Nuneh" in Armenian, thus St. Nino is known as St. Nune in Armenia. Her history as the only one of the 35 nuns of the company of Sts. Gayane and Hripsime to escape the slaughter at the hands of the pagan Armenian King Tiradates III in 301 is recounted in the book "The History of the Armenians" by Movses Khorenatzi (Moses of Khoren), which was written about the year 440.

Legacy

The Phoka Nunnery of St. Nino was established in rural Georgia by Abbess Elizabeth and two novices. They originally lived in a nearby house owned by Georgian Orthodox Church head Patriarch Ilia II, then in 1992 moved to the site of an 11th century church to restore it. The nunnery population in 2010 had grown to six nuns and one novice and the restoration had been completed. Along with their devotional life, the resident nuns are all artisans. Some working in enamel and mosaic crafts, others in making cheese, honey, chocolate, and jams. They integrate their skills with the local folk customs of cheesemaking and also produce textiles in the traditional Javakhetian style. The nuns also run a school for local children, mostly Armenians.[10]

The Sacred Monastery of Saint Nina is the home of a monastic community of Georgian Apostolic Orthodox Christian nuns in the Patriarchate of Georgia's North American Diocese. It is located in Union Bridge, Maryland, USA, and was established in September 2012.

St. Maximus of Nola

Feastday: January 15

Death: 250

Bishop of Nola, Italy, who ordained St. Felix of Nola. During the Roman persecutions, Maximus fled to the mountains where he suffered greatly. He died at Nola from the sufferings he endured.

 

For other people named Felix, see Felix (name).

Saint Felix of Nola (d. ca. 250) was a Christian presbyter at Nola near Naples in Italy. He sold off his possessions in order to give to the poor, but was arrested and tortured for his Christian faith during the persecution of the Roman emperor Decius (r. 249–51). He was believed to have died a martyr's death during the persecution of Decius or Valerian (ca. 253), but is now listed in the General Roman Calendar as a confessor of the faith, who survived his tortures.[1]

Legend

Felix was the elder son of Hermias, a Syrian centurion who had retired to Nola, Italy.[2] After his father's death Felix sold off most of his property and possessions, gave the proceeds to the poor, and pursued a clerical vocation. Felix was ordained by, and worked with, Saint Maximus of Nola.[3]

When bishop Maximus fled to the mountains to escape the persecution of the Roman emperor Decius, Felix was arrested and beaten for his faith instead. He escaped prison, according to legend being freed by an angel, so that he could help bishop Maximus. Felix found Maximus alone, ill, and helpless, and hid him from soldiers in a vacant building. When the two were safely inside, a spider quickly spun a web over the door, fooling the imperial forces into thinking it was long abandoned, and they left without finding the Christians. A subsequent attempt to arrest Felix followed, which he avoided by hiding in a ruined building where again spider web was spun across the entrance convinced the soldiers the building was abandoned. The two managed to hide from authorities until the persecution ended with the death of Emperor Decius in 251.[3]

After Maximus's death, the people wanted Felix to be the next bishop of Nola, but he declined, favoring Quintus, a "senior" priest who had seven days more experience than Felix. Felix himself continued as a priest. He also continued to farm his remaining land, and gave most of the proceeds to people even poorer than himself.[3]

Legend assigns to Felix a martyr's death either in the year 255 under Emperor Valerian (253–260) or, in another version, in the general persecution instigated by the Emperor Decius (249-251). According to Butler, Felix died in a good old age, on the fourteenth of January.[2]

Burial place of Felix of Nola in Cimitile

Much of the little information we have about Felix comes from the letters and poetry of Saint Paulinus of Nola, re. When at length peace was obtained, he returned home and in poverty lived a withdrawn life until old age, an unconquered confessor of the faith".[4]

Five churches have been built at, or near the place, where he was first interred, which was without the precincts of the city of Nola. His precious remains are kept in the cathedral; but certain portions are at Rome, Benevento, and some other places.[2] In time a new church in Nola was dedicated in the name of St Felix. People travelled from far away to see the burial place of this revered saint.

He should not be confused with another Saint Felix of Nola, of about a century later, whose feast is on 15 November.

St. Beauch (Bagug)

Feastday: January 15

martyred at Tina (Kau) in Kemet. Sentenced at Antinoe by order of Arrhianus.

† இன்றைய புனிதர் †

(ஜனவரி 15)

✠ புனிதர் வனத்துச் சின்னப்பர் ✠

(St. Paul of Thebes)

முதல் வனவாச துறவி:

(The First Hermit)

பிறப்பு: கி.பி. 227

எகிப்து (Egypt)

இறப்பு: கி.பி. 342

புனித வனத்து சின்னப்பர் துறவு மடம், எகிப்து

(Monastery of Saint Paul the Anchorite, Egypt)

ஏற்கும் சமயம்: 

கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை

(Catholic Church)

கிழக்கு மரபுவழி திருச்சபை

(Eastern Orthodox Church)

ஓரியண்டல் மரபுவழி திருச்சபைகள்

(Oriental Orthodox Churches)

முக்கிய திருத்தலங்கள்: 

புனித வனத்து சின்னப்பர் துறவு மடம், எகிப்து

(Monastery of Saint Paul the Anchorite, Egypt)

நினைவுத் திருவிழா: ஜனவரி 15

சித்தரிக்கப்படும் வகை: 

இரண்டு சிங்கம், ஈச்ச மரம், காகம்

பாதுகாவல்: 

சென் ஃபேபுலோ நகர், பிலிப்பைன்ஸ்

முதலாம் நூற்றாண்டில் வாழ்ந்த புனிதர் வனத்து சின்னப்பர், வனவாசம் செய்த முதல் கிறிஸ்தவ துறவி ஆவார். தமது பதினாறு வயது முதல், நூற்றுப் பதின்மூன்று வயதுவரை பாலைவனங்களில் தனிமையில் துறவு வாழ்க்கை வாழ்ந்தவராவார்.

இவரது சரித்திரம், புனிதர் ஜெரோம் அவர்களால் கி.பி. சுமார் 375 அல்லது 376ம் ஆண்டுகளில் இலத்தீன் மொழியில் எழுதப்பட்டது. இவர் எகிப்து நாட்டின் "தெபெய்த்" (Thebaid of Egypt) என்னும் பழங்கால நகரில் பிறந்தவர் ஆவார். இவருக்கு ஒரு சகோதரி இருந்தார். அவர் திருமணமானவர் ஆவார். இவர்களுடைய பெற்றோர் ஏற்கனவே இறந்து போய்விட்டார்கள்.

கி. பி. 250ம் ஆண்டு, அரசர்கள் “தேசியஸ்” (Decius) மற்றும் “வலேரியனஸ்” (Valerianus) ஆகியோர் கிறிஸ்தவர்களுக்கு எதிரான வேத கலகத்தை தொடங்கியபோது, பவுலின் மைத்துனர் இவரது பங்கு சொத்துக்களை அபகரிக்கும் நோக்கில், இவரை கலகக்காரர்களிடம் காட்டிக்கொடுக்க எண்ணினார்.

இதனை அறிந்துகொண்ட பவுல் தன் உடைமை அனைத்தையும் சகோதரியிடமும் மைத்துனரிடமும் விட்டுவிட்டு "தெபேன்" பாலைவனத்துக்கு (Theban desert) ஓடிப்போனார். அங்கே ஒரு மலைக் குகையில் வாழ்ந்து வந்தார். அப்போது இவருக்கு வயது இருபத்திரண்டு. அக்குகைக்கு அருகே இருந்த ஈச்ச மரக்கனியை உண்டு, அருகிலிருந்த அருவியில் நீர் அருந்தி வாழ்ந்துவந்தார். அதன் பின்பு ஒரு காகம் கொண்டுவந்த ரொட்டியை தினமும் உண்டு வாழ்ந்தார்.

யாரும் அறியாத ஓர் இடத்தில் 70 ஆண்டுகளுக்கும் மேலாக கடும் தவம் மேற்கொண்டார். அங்கு அவரை இறைவன் பல வழிகளில் காத்து வந்ததாக பல கதைகள் உண்டு. காட்டில் அவர் வாழ்ந்த குகையிலேயே ஒரு புனிதராக உயிர் துறந்தார்.

புனிதர் ஜெரோம் தனது (Vitae Patrum) என்னும் சரித்திர நூலில் புனித வனத்து சின்னப்பரை அவரது 113ம் வயதில் சந்தித்ததையும், ஒரு பகல், ஒரு இரவு அவருடன் உரையாடியதையும் குறிப்பிட்டிருக்கிறார். அடுத்த முறை சந்திக்க சென்றபோது, இவர் இறந்து போயிருந்ததாகவும், இரு சிங்கங்களின் துணையோடு இவரை அடக்கம் செய்ததையும் குறிப்பிடுகிறார்.

இரண்டு சிங்கம், ஈச்ச மரம் மற்றும் காகம் இவரது சின்னமாக கருதப்படுகின்றன.

கத்தோலிக்கத் திருஅவை, இவரை, புனித வனத்துச் சின்னப்பர் (St. Paul the Hermit) என்ற அடைமொழியுடன் சிறப்பிக்கிறது.

இவரது நினைவுத் திருநாள் ஜனவரி 15ம் தேதி கொண்டாடப்படுகிறது.

St. Paul the Hermit

Feastday: January 15

Patron: of San Pablo City, Philippines

Birth: 229

Death: 342

Also known as Paul the First Hermit and Paul of Thebes, an Egyptian hermit and friend of St. Jerome. Born in Lower The baid, Egypt, he was left an orphan at about the age of fifteen and hid during the persecution of the Church under Emperor Traj anus Decius. At the age of twenty two he went to the desert to circumvent a planned effort by his brother in law to report him to authorities as a Christian and thereby gain control of his property. Paul soon found that the eremitical life was much to his personal taste, and so remained in a desert cave for the rest of his reportedly very long life. His contemplative existence was disturbed by St. Anthony, who visited the aged Paul. Anthony also buried Paul, supposedly wrapping him in a cloak that had been given to Anthony by St. Athanasius. According to legend, two lions assisted Anthony in digging the grave. While there is little doubt that Paul lived, the only source for details on his life are found in the Vita Pauli written by St. Jerome and preserved in both Latin and Greek versions.

Paul of Thebes, commonly known as Paul, the First Hermit or Paul the Anchorite, or in Egyptian Arabic as Anba Bola, Coptic: Ⲁⲃⲃⲁ Ⲡⲁⲩⲗⲉ; (c. 226/27 – c. 341) is regarded as the first Christian hermit, who was claimed to have lived alone in the desert of Egypt from the age of sixteen to the age of one hundred and thirteen years old. He is not to be confused with Paul the Simple, who was a disciple of Anthony the Great. He is venerated as a saint by the Catholic Church as well as the Orthodox Church.[3][4]

Relics in Santa Maria in Porto, in Ravenna.

The Life of Saint Paul the First Hermit (Vitae Patrum (Vita Pauli primi eremitae)) was composed in Latin by Saint Jerome, probably in 375–376.[5] Paul of Thebes was born around 227 in the Thebaid of Egypt.[6]

Paul and his married sister lost their parents. In order to obtain Paul's inheritance, his brother-in-law sought to betray him to the persecutors.[5] According to Jerome's Vitae Patrum (Vita Pauli primi eremitae[7]), Paul fled to the Theban desert as a young man during the persecution of Decius and Valerianus around AD 250.[8]

He lived in the mountains of this desert in a cave near a clear spring and a palm tree, the leaves of which provided him with clothing and the fruit of which provided him with his only source of food until he was 43 years old, when a raven started bringing him half a loaf of bread daily. He would remain in that cave for the rest of his life, almost a hundred years.[6]

Paul of Thebes’ visit at Anthony the Great

Saint Anthony the Great and Saint Paul the Anchorite, Diego Velázquez, circa 1634

Paul of Thebes is known to posterity because around the year 342, Anthony the Great was told in a dream about the older hermit's existence, and went to find him.[9] Jerome related that Anthony the Great and Paul met when the latter was aged 113. They conversed with each other for one day and one night. The Synaxarium shows each saint inviting the other to bless and break the bread, as a token of honor. Paul held one side, putting the other side into the hands of Father Anthony, and soon the bread broke through the middle and each took his part. When Anthony next visited him, Paul was dead. Anthony clothed him in a tunic which was a present from Athanasius of Alexandria and buried him, with two lions helping to dig the grave.[9]

Father Anthony returned to his monastery taking with him the robe woven with palm leaf.[9] He honored the robe so much that he only wore it twice a year: at the Feast of Easter, and at the Pentecost.[6]

Veneration

His feast day is celebrated on January 15 in the West, on January 5 or January 15 in the Eastern Orthodox Churches, and on 2 Meshir (February 9) in the Oriental Orthodox Churches. Anthony described him as "the first monk".

Monastery of Saint Paul the Anchorite (Deir Anba Bola) is traditionally believed to be on the site of the cave where Paul lived and where his remains are kept.[10] The monastery is located in the eastern desert mountains of Egypt near the Red Sea. The Cave Church of St. Paul marks the spot where Anthony, "the Father of Monasticism", and Paul, "the First Hermit", are believed to have met.[11]

He is also the patron saint of the Diocese of San Pablo (Philippines) and is the titular of the Cathedral of the said Diocese in San Pablo, Laguna, Philippines.

The Order of Saint Paul the First Hermit[12] was founded in Hungary in his honour in the 13th century. He is usually represented with a palm tree, two lions and a raven.

Blessed Nikolaus Gross

Profile

Miner. Father of seven. Member of the Christian miners' labour union at age 19, and secretary at 22. Member of the Zentrum Christian Party at age 20. Worked on Westdeutschen Arbeiterzeitung, (West German Workers' Newspaper), the newspaper of the Catholic Workers' Movement, at age 22, and became its director at age 24.

Non-violent opponent of Nazism from its beginnings. Worked with distinguished Catholic intellectuals who opposed the regime. From Cologne, Germany he exposed the lies and harmful effects of Nazi propaganda, and he worked for the revolt of consciences against Hitler. Declared an enemy of the state, his newspaper was shut down in 1938, but at great risk, he continued to publish an underground edition.

Nikolaus tried to organize resistance among Catholic workers in preparation for the planned assassination of Hitler on 20 July 1944. Though neither he nor the members of his group were implicated in the assassination attempt, Nikolaus was arrested on 12 August 1944 for treason, and sentenced to death by a People's Court on 15 January 1945. Martyr.

Born

30 September 1898 at Niederwenigern, Ruhr region, Germany

Died

• executed 23 January 1945 at the Berlin-Plotzensee, Germany prison

• body cremated, and the ashes scattered

Beatified

7 October 2001 by Pope John Paul II at Saint Peter's Basilica, Rome, Italy

துறவி மவ்ரூஸ் Maurus OSB

பிறப்பு 

500

இறப்பு 

6 ஆம் நூற்றாண்டு, 

இத்தாலி

பாதுகாவல்: நோய்களிலிருந்து

இவர் தனது வாழ்நாள் முழுவதும் நூர்சியா நகரிலிருந்த புனித பெனடிக்ட் துறவற சபையினருடன் தொடர்பு கொண்டிருந்தார். உரோமையை ஆட்சி செய்த அரசன் ஒருவரின் மகன், மவ்ரூஸிடம் நெருக்கமான உறவு கொண்டிருந்தார். அரசரின் மகன் தனது குழந்தை பருவத்திலிருந்தே மவ்ரூஸிடம் வளர்ந்தார். தனது கல்வியையும் மவ்ரூஸிடமே கற்றார். 

மவுரூஸ் 529 ஆம் ஆண்டு பெனடிக்ட் துறவற மடத்தில் சேர்ந்து குருவானார். மோண்டேகசினோவில் Montedassino இருந்த பெனடிக்ட் துறவற மடத்தில் வாழ்ந்தார். அம்மடம் மிகப் புகழ்வாய்ந்து காணப்பட்டது. அம்மடத்தில் ஒரு சிறிய அறையில் இவர் வாழ்ந்தார். எப்போதும் இடைவிடாமல் செபம் செய்து மிக ஏழ்மையான வாழ்வை வாழ்ந்தார். இவர் உடுத்துவதற்கு கூட தேவையான உடையின்றியும் போதுமான அளவு உணவு உட்கொள்ளாமலும் மிகக் கடினமான வாழ்வை வாழ்ந்தார். இவர் தனது செப வாழ்வைக் கொண்டு, துறவற இல்லம் ஒன்றை கட்டினார். அம்மடம் நாளடைவில் செப இல்லமாக மட்டுமே பயன்படுத்தப்பட்டது. 

இவர் எவராலும் இயலாத அளவிற்கு கீழ்படிதலான வாழ்வை வாழ்ந்தார். இவருடன் வாழ்ந்த மற்ற குருக்கள் அனைவரும் இவரை ஏழ்மை, கீழ்படிதல் என்னும் வார்த்தைப்பாட்டிற்கு முன் மாதிரியாக கொண்டு வாழ்ந்தனர். இவர் இறந்தபிறகு எங்கு அடக்கம் செய்யப்பட்டார் என்று கண்டறியப்படவில்லை

Saint Maurus

Also known as

Mauro

Profile

Born to the nobility, the son of Equitius, a senator, and Giulia. Disciple of Saint Benedict of Nursia at age 12. Studied with Saint Placid. Deacon. Benedictine monk. Assisted Saint Benedict at Subiaco, Italy, and at Monte Cassino in 528. Founder and abbot of the abbey at Glanfeuil, France in 543; it was later renamed for him. Could heal by prayer, and there are multiple stories of him bringing the dead back to life. At the moment of the death of Saint Benedict, Maurus received a vision of his old teacher travelling a street that led to heaven.

Born

512 in Rome, Italy

Died

• 15 January 584 of natural causes

• relics re-discovered in 845

• relics transferred to St-Pierre-des-Fosses in 868 to avoid Norman invaders

• relics interred in the church of St-Germain-des-Prés, Paris, France

• relics destroyed in 1793 during the anti-Catholic excesses of the French Revolution

Blessed Gabriel of Ferrara

Also known as

• Gabriele Ferrari

• Camillo

Profile

Born to the nobility, the Count of Ferrara, Italy. Trained as a surgeon, he practiced medicine in Milan, Italy and served as personal physician to the Duke of Urbino, Italy. He joined the Brothers of Mercy, a hospital order, in 1591, taking the name Gabriel and making his vows in 1595. Wrote the Nuova Selva di Cirurgia in 1596, which became a standard for teaching surgery in Italian and German. Transferred to a Brothers monastery and hospital on Tiber Island in Rome, Italy in 1598, he became prior of the house in 1599. Provincial of his Order in 1602, and worked in its general administration. Vicar-General of the Brothers of Mercy in the German provinces from 1605 to 1627, he was entrusted with founding houses and hospitals throughout the region. After successfully treating King Sigismund III of Poland in 1608, in 1609 he founded a hospital in Kraków, Poland, and then later elsewhere in Poland, Lithuania and Belarus. After successfully treating Emperor Matthias of Austria, he founded a hospital in Taborstrasse in Vienna, Austria in 1614. After successfully treating Archduke Ernst of Styria, saving his arm from amputation, he founded a hospital in Graz, Austria in 1615. Brother Gabriel served as a field surgeon in the Thirty Years War, and worked with imperial troops at the battle at Jasna Gora near Prague in 1620; this led to his leadership of a hospital in Prague in 1621. Helped found a hospital in Neuburg an der Donau in modern Germany in 1622. Archduke Ernst’s brother, the Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II, supported Gabriel, and in 1624 provided support to the Brothers of Mercy in Austria. Founded the hospital in Trieste, Italy in 1625. At his death, he left behind a network of houses bringing the Brothers to piety, and hospitals caring for the poor.

Born

c.1543 in Milan, Italy as Camillo

Died

• 15 January 1627 in Vienna, Austria of natural causes

• relics enshrined in the church of the Brothers of Mercy on Taborstrasse in Vienna

Saint Macarius of Egypt

Also known as

• Macarius the Elder

• Macarius the Great

• Macarius the Thébaïde

• Makarios the...

Profile

Shepherd in the desert region of Skete. Falsley accused of assaulting a woman, but was acquitted. Hermit. Spiritual student of Saint Anthony the Abbot. Founder of a monastic community in Skete. Ordained at age 40. His sanctity drew followers, and his desert community numbered thousands at his death. Fought Arianism, and was exiled for it. Several Libyan desert monasteries still bear the name Macarius.

Born

c.300 at Upper Egypt

Died

390 of natural causes

Representation

• old hermit with long, white hair wearing a girdle of leaves with two lions near him

• hermit expelling the devil with a cross

• with Saint Onuphrius the Great and Saint Peter of Athos

† இன்றைய புனிதர் †

(ஜனவரி 15)

✠ புனிதர் அர்னால்ட் ஜன்ஸ்ஸென் ✠

(St. Arnold Janssen)

குரு/ நிறுவனர்:

(Priest and Founder)

பிறப்பு: நவம்பர் 5, 1837

கோச், ஜெர்மனி

(Goch, Germany)

இறப்பு: ஜனவரி 15, 1909 (வயது 71)

ஸ்டீல், நெதர்லாந்து

(Steyl, Netherlands)

ஏற்கும் சமயம்:

கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை

(Catholic Church)

முக்திப்பேறு பட்டம்: அக்டோபர் 19, 1975

திருத்தந்தை ஆறாம் பவுல்

(Pope Paul VI)

புனிதர் பட்டம்: அக்டோபர் 5, 2003

திருத்தந்தை இரண்டாம் ஜான் பவுல்

(Pope John Paul II)

நினைவுத் திருநாள்: ஜனவரி 15

புனிதர் அர்னால்ட் ஜன்ஸ்ஸென், ஒரு ஜெர்மன்-டச்சு கத்தோலிக்க (German-Dutch Catholic priest) குருவும், மிஷனரியும் (Missionary) ஆவார். அவர் கத்தோலிக்க மிஷனரி ஆன்மீக சபையான (Catholic Missionary Religious Congregation) "தெய்வீக வார்த்தை சமூகம்" (Society of the Divine Word) நிறுவினார், இது "தெய்வீக வார்த்தை மிஷனரிகள்" (Divine Word Missionaries) என்றும் அழைக்கப்படுகிறது, அத்துடன் பெண்களுக்கான இரண்டு சபைகளையும் அவர் நிறுவினார். கி.பி. 1889ம் ஆண்டு, நெதர்லாந்தின் (Netherlands) "ஸ்டீல்" (Steyl) நகரில், "தூய ஆவியாரின் மிஷனரி சகோதரியர் ஊழியர்கள்" எனும் பெண்களுக்கான ஆன்மீக சபையை நிறுவினார். மற்றும், கி.பி. 1896ம் ஆண்டு, "தூய ஆவியானவர் வணக்க சகோதரிகள்" (Holy Spirit Adoration Sisters) எனும் பெண்களுக்கான ஆன்மீக சபையை அதே நகரில் நிறுவினார்.

அர்னால்ட் ஜன்ஸ்ஸென், மேற்கு ஜெர்மனியின் (Western Germany), "டட்ச்" எல்லைக்கு (Dutch border) அருகாமையிலுள்ள "ரைன்லாண்ட்" (Rhineland) பிராந்தியத்தின் "கோச்" (Goch) நகரில், பதினோரு சகோதரர்களுல் ஒருவராக பிறந்தார். அவர் ஒரு ஆழ்ந்த, எளிய கத்தோலிக்க விசுவாசத்தை வளர்த்துக் கொண்டார். தமது பிறந்த இடத்திற்கு அருகில் உள்ள "கெயஸ்டாங்க்" (Gaesdonck) என்னுமிடத்திலுள்ள கத்தோலிக்க அகஸ்டினியம் உயர்நிலைப்பள்ளியில் (Catholic Augustinianum High School) கல்வி கற்றார். பின்னர், கல்லூரியில் பயின்று பட்டம் பெற்ற இவர், பின்னர் இறையியல் பயின்று, கி.பி. 1861ம் ஆண்டு, ஆகஸ்ட் மாதம், 15ம் நாளன்று, குருத்துவ அருட்பொழிவு பெற்றார்.

வெளிநாடுகளில் மறைப்பணியாற்றும் ஆர்வம் கொண்டிருந்த ஜன்ஸ்ஸென், சிறிது காலம் ஜெர்மனியின் போச்சோல்ட் (Bocholt) நகரிலுள்ள உயர்நிலைப் பள்ளியில், இயற்பியல் (Physics) மற்றும் மறைக்கல்வி (Catechism) கற்பிக்கும் ஆசிரியராகப் பணிபுரிந்தார்.

கி.பி. 1867ம் ஆண்டு, ஜெர்மனி (Germany ) மற்றும் ஆஸ்திரியாவுக்கான (Austria) "அப்போஸ்டலேட் டெஸ் கெபெட்ஸ்" (Apostolate des Gebeds) எனும் அமைப்பின் இயக்குநரானார். பின்னர், வியன்னாவுக்கு (Vienna) அருகிலுள்ள "மட்லிங்க்" (Mödling) நகரில், ஒரு அறிவியல் நிறுவனத்தை நிறுவினார்.

அவர் ஏற்கனவே, 1874ம் ஆண்டு, "திருஇருதயத்தின் சிறிய தூதர்" (Little Messenger of the Sacred Heart) எனும் ஜெர்மன் மொழி இதழை நிறுவினார், இதனால், விசுவாசிகளை ஜெபத்திலும், மறைப்பணிக்கான ஆதரவிலும் சேர்க்க முயன்றது.

கி.பி. சுமார் 1872ம் ஆண்டு முதல், 1878ம் ஆண்டு வரையான, புரூஷியா இராச்சியத்தின் (Kingdom of Prussia) அரசாங்கத்திற்கும் ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபைக்கும் இடையிலான மோதல், (Kulturkampf) என்று அழைக்கப்பட்டது. இது, எவ்வாறாயினும், அவரது முயற்சிகளுக்கு இடையூறாக இருந்தது.

ஜன்ஸ்ஸென், தனது குருத்துவ பள்ளியை (Seminary) தொடங்க நெதர்லாந்தின் (Netherlands) ஸ்டீல் (Steyl) நகரில் நிலத்தை வாங்கினார். கி.பி. 1875ம் ஆண்டு, "திருத்தூதர் தூய மிக்கேல் மறைப்பணி இல்லம்" (St. Michael the Archangel Mission House) எனும் பெயரில் அர்ப்பணிக்கப்பட்டது. சில ஆண்டுகளிலேயே, பல குரு மாணவர்கள், குருக்கள், மற்றும் அருட்சகோதரர்கள் அங்கு மறைப்பணியாளர் (மிஷனரி) சேவைக்கு தயாராகி வந்தனர். முதல் இரண்டு மிஷனரிகளாக, "ஜோசப் ஃப்ரீனாடெமெட்ஸ்" (Joseph Freinademetz) மற்றும் "ஜான் அன்சர்" (John Anzer) ஆகிய இரண்டு குருக்கள், சீனாவுக்கு (China) அனுப்பப்பட்டனர்.

கி.பி. 1889ம் ஆண்டு, டிசம்பர் மாதம், எட்டாம் நாளன்று ஒன்றும், கி.பி. 1896ம் ஆண்டு, செப்டம்பர் மாதம், 8ம் நாளன்று ஒன்றுமாக, பெண்களுக்கான இரண்டு ஆன்மீக சபைகளையும் ஜன்ஸ்ஸென் நிறுவினார்.

கி.பி. 1975ம் ஆண்டு, அக்டோபர் மாதம், 19ம் தேதி, திருத்தந்தை ஆறாம் பவுல் (Pope Paul VI) அவர்களால் முக்திப்பேறு பட்டமளிக்கப்பட்ட இவரை, திருத்தந்தை இரண்டாம் ஜான் பவுல் (Pope John Paul II) அவர்கள், 2003ம் ஆண்டு, அக்டோபர் மாதம், 5ம் நாளன்று, புனிதராக உயர்த்தி அருட்பொழிவு செய்வித்தார்.

Saint Arnold Janssen

Profile

Arnold felt an early call to the priesthood, and was ordained in August 1861. Well educated, he taught science and catechism for twelve years. Chaplain and director of the Ursuline convent at Kempen in 1873. Director of the diocesan Apostleship of Prayer in 1874. Editor of a journal about missionary work in 1873.

He established the religious congregation Society of the Divine Word in Steyl, Netherlands in 1875; it received papal approval in 1901. The Society, which soon had houses in the Netherlands, Austria, and Germany, was composed of missionary priests who worked in Tonga, New Guinea, Japan, Paraguay, and throughout North America.

In 1889, Arnold founded the Missionary Sisters, Servants of the Holy Ghost to assist the priests in their mission. The Sisters serve as teachers in mission lands, especially of young girls. With the help of Blessed Maria Virgo, Arnold formed the sisters a contemplative branch named Sister Servants of the Holy Spirit of Perpetual Adoration who devote themselves to adoration of the Blessed Sacrament, and prayer for the success of missionary efforts. These sisters are nicknamed Pink Sisters because of the color of their habit.

Born

5 November 1837 at Goch, North Rhein-Westphalia, Germany

Died

15 January 1909 in Steyl, Netherlands of natural causes

Canonized

5 October 2003 by Pope John Paul II

Saint Romedio of Nonsberg

Also known as

• Romedio of Hohenwart

• Romedio of Salzburg

• Romedio of Sanzeno

• Romedio of Thaur

• Romedius of...

Additional Memorial

1st Sunday in October (translation of relics)

Profile

Born to the nobility, the family of the Counts of Thaur in modern Austria. He learned to read using the Bible and stories of the saints. As an adult, he gave away his fortune to support churches in the Tyrol, turned a family castle into a monastery, and then went on pilgrimage to the tombs of the Apostles; legend says that a bear killed his horse, and in remorse, the bear carried him for the rest of the trip. Cave hermit at Sanzeno on Nonsberg near Salzburg.

Born

Austria

Died

• Salzburg, Austria of natural causes

• relics interred in Sanzeno, Italy

• some relics transferred to Thaur, Austria

Canonized

24 July 1907 by Pope Pius X (cultus confirmation)

Saint Francis Ferdinand de Capillas

Additional Memorials

• 28 September as one of the Martyrs of China

• 6 November as one of the Dominicans Martyrs of the Far East

Profile

Joined the Dominicans in Valladolid, Spain. Ordained in Manila, Philippines in 1631. Missionary and parish priest in Cagayan, Philippines. Missionary to China for several years. He made so many converts in Fu-kien that local officials arrested him as a spy. Accused of espionage, political intrigue, witchcraft, disregarding ancestor worship and anything else they could think of, and then tortured; he converted several of his jailers to Christianity. Considered the proto-martyr of the Martyrs of China.

Born

11 August 1607 in Baquerín de Campos, Palencia, Old Castile, Spain

Died

beheaded on 15 January 1648 in Fu'an, Fujian, China

Canonized

1 October 2000 by Pope John Paul II

Saint John Calabytes

Also known as

• John Calabites

• John Calibita

• John Chalybita

• John Kalabytes

• John the Hut-Dweller

• Giovanni...

Profile

Born wealthy. Ran away from home as a child, and became a monk at Gomon on the Bosphorus at age 12. When he finally returned home as a beggar at age 18, his family did not recognize him. However, the did recognized that he was a holy man, and the family allowed him to live as a hermit in a small hut (a calybe in Greek) near their front door. Only on his death were they were informed of his real identity. His story has led to his being a symbol of homelessness, and how we may not recognize the humanity in the poor and homeless in our midst.

Born

at Constantinople (modern Istanbul, Turkey)

Died

c.450 of natural causes

Representation

• beggar with a Gospel in his hand

• beggar revealing his identity to his parents on his death bed

Saint Placid

Also known as

Placidus

Additional Memorial

5 October on some calendars (confusion with an earlier martyr of similar name)

Profile

Son of a patrician senator named Tertulus. Sent as a boy to study with Saint Benedict of Nursia at Subiaco, Italy, he became one of Benedict earliest followers. Friend of Saint Maurus, who saved him from drowning. Accompanied Benedict to Monte Cassino in 529, it being built on land given to Benedict by Tertulus. Known through the second Dialogue of Saint Gregory the Great.

Many legends grew up around Placid, and his story became mixed with a martyr name Placitus who was apparently a monk, and possibly an abbot, who was killed with 30 brother monks by Muslim invaders at Messina, Italy, but that appears to have been a completely different person and era.

Representation

being saved from drowning by Saint Maurus

Saint Ephysius of Sardinia

Also known as

• Ephysius of Cagliari

• Efisio, Efeso, Ephise, Ephysus

Addtional Memorial

1 May (some confraternity calendars)

Profile

In Rome, Italy, Ephysius gained the favour of emperor Diocletian who made him governor of the island of Sardinia. Convert to Christianity. Diocletian then had him stripped of office, tortured and murdered. Martyr.

Born

in Palestine

Died

• beheaded in 303 on Sardinia, Italy

• relics transferred to Pisa, Italy

Patronage

• Cagliari, Italy

• Pisa, Italy

• Sardinia, Italy

Saint Ita of Killeedy

Also known as

• Ita of Clúaincredal

• Ita of Hy-Connall

• Ita of Ireland

• Ita of Munster

• Ita of Waterford

• Deirdre, Dorothy, Meda, Mida, Ytha, Ide, Mide

Profile

Born to the Irish nobility, possibly a member of the royal family. She refused to marry, and eventually received her father's blessing to live a celibate life. Founded the convent at Hy Conaill, County Limerick, Ireland which attracted large numbers of nuns. Founded a school for boys in Killeedy; one of her students was Saint Brendan. Second only to Saint Brigid in popular Irish devotion. Many extravagant miracles have become associated with her including healing a man who had been decapitated, and living solely off food delivered from heaven.

Born

at Drum, County Waterford, Ireland

Died

c.570 of natural causes

Patronage

diocese of Limerick, Ireland

Saint Botonto

Profile

On 28 December 1841, the relics of eight martyrs, including an ampule of blood, dating to the time of Diocletian, were found near the cemetery of Sant'Agnese outside Rome, Italy. All we know about them comes from an inscription that translates to “Botonto, who lived three years and two months, (is here) in peace.” Judging by the burial, the people were apparently noble, and probably Greek in origin, but we know nothing else about them.

Born

c.300

Died

• c.303 in Rome, Italy

• interred near the cemetery of Sant'Agnese on the Via Nomentana, Rome

• relics re-discovered on 28 December 1841

• relics donated to King Carlo Albert of Savoy by Pope Gregory XVI

• relics enshrined in a wax effigy on the right side of the San Francesco altar in the church of the Santa Maria al Monte at the convent of Monte dei Cappucini in Turin, Italy on 15 January 1843

Blessed Angelus of Gualdo Tadino

Profile

Born to a poor family. Benedictine. As a youth he walked barefoot to Compostela, northern Spain, became a Camaldolese lay-brother, and lived forty years as a hermit walled up in his cell. His life was distinguished by simplicity, innocence, gentleness.

Born

c.1265 at Gualdo Tadino, Nocera, Italy

Died

• 15 January 1325 of natural causes

• interred in the church of Saint Benedict in Gualdo Tadino, Italy

• relics transferred to a chapel in the local abbey church in 1343 by Blessed Alessandro Vincioli

• relics transferred to a new altar in the basilica of Saint Benedict on 16 April 1443

Beatified

• 1633 by Pope Urban VIII (cultus confirmed)

• 3 August 1825 by Pope Leo XII (cultus confirmed)

Patronage

Gualdo Tadino, Italy

Blessed Peter of Castelnau

Profile

Known in lay and religious life for his intelligence, piety, and devotion. Archdeacon of Maguelone in 1199. Cistercian monk at Fontfroide c.1202. Papal legate and inquisitor in 1203 under Pope Innocent III. Assigned to work with the heretic Albigensians, to bring them back to the church. He embarked on a great evangelization campaign through southern France; Saint Dominic de Guzman worked in this effort. Martyred by Albigensians, probably with the support of Count Raymond VI of Toulouse who hoped to use the Albigensian crisis to increase his political power. Peter's murder sparked the Albigensian Crusade against the heretics in southern France.

Born

near Montpellier, France

Died

stabbed with a lance in 1208 near Saint Gilles Abbey by Albigensian heretics

Blessed Tit Liviu Chinezu

Also known as

Titu, Titus

Profile

Ordained a priest in the Romanian Greek-Catholic Rite on 31 January 1930. Chosen auxiliary bishop of Fagaras si Alba Iulia, Romania and Titular Bishop of Regiana in 1949 and consecrated in secret. Martyred in the Communist persecutions.

Born

1904 in Maioresti (Huduc), Mures, Romania

Died

15 January 1955 in of hypothermia in Sighetu Marmatiei prison, Maramures, Romania

Beatified

2 June 2019 by Pope Francis

Saint Bonitus of Clermont

Also known as

Bonet, Bonnet, Bont

Profile

Chancellor to King Sigebert III of Austrasia. Appointed governor of Marseilles by King Thierry III in 667. Bishop of Clermont, France in 689. He resigned the see when doubts arose about the validity of his election. Bonitus spent his later years as a holy hermit at the Benedictine abbey of Manglieu, Clermont. Pilgrim to Rome, Italy.

Born

623 in Auvergne, France

Died

• c.710 in Lyon, France of natural causes while on the road returning to Clermont, France from Rome, Italy

• relics in the cathedral of Clermont

Saint Cosmas the Melodist

Also known as

• Cosmas the Hymnographer

• Cosma

Profile

Born to a very poor family. Educated by an Italian monk who had been taken prisoner by his people. Monk at the San Saba monastery near Bethlehem. Bishop of Mayuma near Gaza in the Holy Lands in 743 where he served the rest of his life. Known as one of the most gifted hymnist of his era.

Born

706 in Jerusalem

Died

760

Blessed Giacomo Villa

Also known as

Jaime

Profile

Son of Lucantonio and Mustiola Villa. He was a pious child, and as a young man repaired an old hospital and used it to care for the sick poor. Studied civil law in Siena, Italy. Priest. Franciscan tertiary. When a noble in Chiusi, Italy illegally took property belonging to the city hospital, Giacomo took the case; he won it and all appeals. The noble then had Giacomo killed in revenge.

Died

axed to death on 15 January 1304 in Citta della Pieve, Italy

Beatified

by Pope Pius VII (cultus confirmation)

Saint Ceolwulph

Also known as

Ceolwulf

Profile

Eighth century king of Northumbria in England. Patron and supporter of Venerable Bede who dedicated his Ecclesiastical History to Ceolwulph. In later life Ceolwulph abdicated and became a monk at Lindisfarne Abbey, possibly as a way to prevent a war over his throne.

Born

England

Died

• 764 of natural causes

• relics translated to Nohram-on-Tweed, England in 830

• some relics later transferred to Durham, England

Saint Alexander of Goman

Profile

Monk. Abbot. Founder of the Acremetre (Greek: without sleep), monks of Asiatic origin. He converted Saint Rabulas, the governor of Edessa, by a miracle. In the desert he converted thirty robbers, and changed their den into a monastery. Founded a monastery on the Euphrates. With 300 monks, he settled at Gomon in Bithynia, and divided them into six choirs to sing the Divine Office, so that it might ascend ceaselessly, night and day.

Died

c.440

Saint Emebert of Cambrai

Also known as

Ablebert, Emebertus, Einbert

Profile

Son of Count Witger and Saint Amalburga; brother of Saint Gudule and Saint Reineldis. He was early drawn to the religious life. MonkBishop of Cambrai, France. Known for his personal piety and the example he set for his flock.

Died

• c.710 of natural causes

• buried at the church of Our Lady and Saint Aldegondis in Maubeuge, France, but his grave has since been lost

Saint Lleudadd of Bardsey

Also known as

• Lleudadd of Enli

• Lleudadd of Bardsey Island

• Laudat, Laudatus, Leuddade, Lawdog, Llawddog, Llendadd

Additoinal Memorial

1 January (as one of the Breton Missionaries to Great Britain)

Profile

Monk. Abbot of Bardsey, Gwynedd, Wales. Worked with Saint Cadfan in Brittany.

Born

Welsh

Died

6th century Wales of natural causes

Blessed Conan of Margam

Also known as

Conanus, Cunanus

Profile

Cistercian monk. Third abbot of the Margam monastery in Wales in 1156, he served there until his death, 37 years later. Contemporaries referred to Conan as “a scholar and wise abbot”, and wrote that the monastery was more famous for its charity than any other in Wales.

Born

early 12th century Wales

Died

1193 in Wales of natural causes

Blessed Diego de Soto

Profile

Mercedarian monk. Spiritual student of Saint Serapion of Algiers. Master of novices. Sent to Granada to redeem prisoners held captive by Muslims, he was imprisoned, tortured, starved and killed for his faith. Martyr.

Born

Toledo, Spain

Died

1237 in prison in Granada, Spain

Saint Pansofius of Alexandria

Profile

Son of the imperial pro-consul of Alexandria, Egypt. When Pansofius came into his inheritance, he gave away his entire fortune to the poor and lived as a hermit outside the city for over 20 years. During the persecutions of Decius, Pansofius' reputation for sanctity led to his arrest and execution. Martyr.

Died

c.250 in Alexandria, Egypt

Saint Secondina of Anagni

Profile

Convert, baptized by Saint Magnus of Anagni. Martyred in the persecutions of Decius.

Born

Anagni, Italy

Died

• c.250

• interred in the cathedral of Anagni, Italy

Saint Blaithmaic of Iona

Also known as

Blathmac, Blaithmale

Profile

Born a prince, the son of an Irish king. Monk. Abbot. Missionary to England and Scotland, hoping to work with the pagan Danes then invading. Martyred by them.

Born

Ireland

Died

823 on the altar steps at Iona Abbey, Scotland

Saint Isidore the Egyptian

Also known as

Isidore of Alexandria

Profile

Desert hermit. Priest in charge of a Alexandria pilgrims hospice. Opposed Arianism, supported Saint Athanasius, and was persecuted by Arians. Friend of Saint John Chrysostom.

Born

Egyptian

Died

404

Saint Arsenius of Reggio Calabria

Also known as

• Arsenius of Armo

• Arsenio...

Profile

Hermit famous for his austere lifestyle and deep prayer life.

Died

904 in Armo, Italy of natural causes

Saint Teath

Also known as

Tetha

Profile

Born a princess, the daughter of Saint Brychan of Brecknock in Wales. She is mentioned in 13th century documents. A Cornwall church bears her name. No details of her life have survived.

Patronage

Saint Teath, Cornwall, England

Blessed James the Beggar

Also known as

• James Limosnero

• Jacobo...

Profile

Supporter and advocate for the poor and oppressed in the 13th century.

Died

Città della Pieve, Umbria, Italy

Saint Tarsicia of Rodez

Also known as

Tarsitia

Profile

Granddaughter of King Clotaire II of the Franks. Sister of Saint Ferreolus of Uzès. Lived as a hermit near Rodez, France.

Died

c.600 of natural causes

Saint Secundina of Rome

Profile

Young woman martyred in the persecutions of Decius. Her guards were converted to Christianity by her testimony of faith before the judges.

Died

flogged to death c.250 in Rome, Italy

Saint Britta

Also known as

Bridget, Brigid, Brigida, Brigitta, Brigitte, Britte

Profile

Fourth century nun. Martyred with Saint Maura. Their story was lost, and their relics were discovered by Saint Euphronius.

Patronage

martyrs

Saint Isidore of Scété

Profile

Desert hermit. Priest of Scété, Egypt. Worked to bring angry or negligent brother desert monks back to proper devotion.

Died

c.394

Blessed Geoffrey of Peronne

Profile

Friend of Saint Bernard of Clairvaux. Prior of Clairvaux Abbey. Refused the bishopric of Tournai, Belgium.

Died

1147 of natural causes

Saint Llewellyn

Also known as

Llywelyn

Profile

Monk at Welshpool and Bardsey, Wales. Friend of Saint Gwrnerth.

Born

Welsh

Died

6th century Wales of natural causes

Saint Eugyppius

Profile

Ordained in Rome, Italy. Worked with Saint Severinus in Noricum (part of modern Austria), and wrote a biography of him.

Born

North Africa

Died

c.511

Saint Malard of Chartres

Profile

Bishop of Chartres, France. Attended the Council of Chalons-sur-saone in 650.

Died

latter 7th century

Saint Gwrnerth

Profile

Monk at Welshpool and Bardsey in Wales. Friend of Saint Liewellyn.

Born

Welsh

Died

6th century Wales of natural causes

Saint Maura

Profile

Fourth century nun. Martyred with Saint Britta. Their story was lost, but their relics were discovered by Saint Euphronius.

Patronage

martyrs

Saint Sawl

Profile

Welsh chieftain. Father of Saint Asaph.

Born

Welsh

Died

6th century

Saint Probus of Rieti

Profile

Bishop of Rieti, Italy.

Died

c.571

#புனித_ஐடா (475-570)

ஜனவரி 15

இவர் (#ItaOfKilleedy) அயர்லாந்து நாட்டைச் சார்ந்தவர். அரச குடும்பத்தைச் சார்ந்த இவரை இவரது தந்தை ஒருவருக்கு மணம் முடித்துக்கொடுக்க நினைத்தார்; ஆனால் இவர், தான் துறவற வாழ்வை மேற்கொள்ளப் போவதாகச் சொன்னதும், அதற்கு அவர் மறுப்பேதும் சொல்லாமல் சம்மதம் தெரிவித்தார். 

இதன் பிறகு இவர் தனிமையான ஓர் இடத்திற்கு வந்து, துறவுமடம் ஒன்றை நிறுவினார். அவ்விடத்திற்குப் பலரும் வந்து சேர்ந்தார்கள். அவர்களுக்கு இவர் சிறந்த முன்மாதிரியாய் இருந்து, அவர்களைச் சிறந்த விதமாய்த் துறவற வாழ்வில் வளர்த்து வந்தார்.

இவர் ஆண்களுக்கென ஒரு பள்ளிக்கூடத்தையும் தொடங்கினார்.  இப்படி கல்விப்பணியையும் ஆன்மிகப் பணியையும் ஒரு சேரச் செய்துவந்த இவர் பல வல்ல செயல்களைச் செய்து வந்தார். 

ஒருமுறை தலைவெட்டப்பட்ட ஒருவரை இவர் தனது வல்லமையால் மீண்டுமாக ஒன்று சேர்த்தார்.  இவர் உணவிற்காக இறைவனை நோக்கி மன்றாடுகிறபோது, விண்ணகத்திலிருந்து உணவு கிடைக்கும் என்று இவரைப் பற்றி ஒரு செய்தி சொல்லப்படுகிறது.

இவ்வாறு இறைவனுக்கு உகந்த வாழ்க்கை வாழ்ந்து வந்த இவர், கிபி 570 ஆம் ஆண்டு இறையடி சேர்ந்தார்.‌