இன்றைய புனிதர்கள் பெப்ரவரி 12

 St. Febronia

Born 284

Died 304

Venerated in Eastern Orthodox Church

Oriental Orthodoxy

Roman Catholic Church

Canonized Pre-Congregation

Major shrine San Carlo ai Catinari, Rome[1]

Feast 25 June Roman Catholic Church

12 February Eastern Orthodox Church (in general)

25 June Greek Orthodox Church (in particular)

1 Epip Coptic Church

Tuesday after second Sunday of the Exaltation of the Cross Armenian Apostolic Church

Attributes Palm of martyrdom and the shears used to cut off her breasts[2]

Patronage Palagonia, Sicily

"It must be frankly admitted that the virgin martyr St. Febronia is in all probability a purely fictious personage, but she is venerated by all the churches of the East, including that of Ethiopia, and in the West by such towns as Trani in Apulia and Patti in Sicily." "She is supposed to have suffered at Nisibis in Mesopotamia, somewhere about the year 304, in the persecution under Diocletian. No genuine records of her life and passion are available but the legend attributed to her survives in the form of an attractive romance purporting to have been written by Thomais, a nun of her convent who is said to have witnessed the events she describes."

Phebronia of Nisibis, also known as Phebronia of Sebapte, was a nun at Nisibis (modern-day Nusaybin, Turkey). She suffered persecution under Diocletian, who offered her freedom if she renounced her faith and married his nephew, Lysimachus, who had been leaning towards conversion to Christianity. Febronia refused and was tortured, suffered mutilation and death. Lysimachus, witnessing her suffering, converted.[3]

Saint Phebronia's tomb can be found in a monastery named after her in the village of Himo, near the city of Qamishli in northeastern Syria.[4]

Phebronia is one of the 140 Colonnade saints whose images adorn St. Peter's Square. She is known as a Holy Virgin Martyr.[citation needed]

In the Coptic Orthodox Church, her feast day is 1 Epip which corresponds to 8 July (Gregorian Calendar) or 25 June (Julian Calendar)

St. Julian

புனித_ஜூலியன் (பன்னிரண்டாம் நூற்றாண்டு)

பிப்ரவரி 12

இவர் (#StJulianTheHospitaller #StJulianThePoor) பிரான்சில் இருந்த ஒரு வசதியான குடும்பத்தில் பிறந்தவர். 

ஒரு கைம்பெண் மணமுடித்து, அவரோடு மிகவும் மகிழ்ச்சியாக வாழ்ந்து வந்த இவர்,  தவறுதலாக இவருடைய பெற்றோரையே கொன்றுவிட, அதற்கு மன்னிப்பு வேண்டி, தன் மனைவியோடு  திருத்தந்தையைப் பார்க்க உரோமைக்குச் சென்றார். திருத்தந்தையும் இவர் செய்த குற்றத்தை மன்னிக்க, இவர் மனநிறைவோடு வீட்டிற்குத் திரும்பி வந்து கொண்டிருந்தார். 

அப்பொழுது இவருக்குள், "நாம் ஏன் மக்கள் பயன்பெறும் வகையில் ஒரு மருத்துவ மனையையும் விடுதியையும் தொடங்கக் கூடாது?" என்ற எண்ணமானது தோன்றி மறைந்தது. உடனே இவர் தன்னிடமிருந்த பணத்தைக் கொண்டு மருத்துவமனையையும் விடுதியையும் தொடங்கினார். 

இதனால் அவ்வழியாகக் கடந்துபோன  நோயாளர்கள், பயணிகள் யாவரும் பயன்பெற்றனர். ஒருமுறை இவருடைய விடுதியும் மருத்துவமனையும் நிரம்பி வழிந்தபோது, தொழுநோயாளர் ஒருவர் இவரிடம் வந்து, "தங்க இடம் கிடைக்குமா?" என்று கேட்டார். இவர் அதற்கு மறுப்பேதும் சொல்லாமல், தன்னுடைய படுக்கையில் அவரைத் தூங்கச் சொன்னார். அதன் பிறகுதான் தெரிந்தது, வந்திருந்தது வானதூதர் என்று.

அன்றிரவு இயேசு இவருக்குக் கனவில் தோன்றி, "ஜூலியன்! நீ உன் தவற்றிற்குப் பரிகாரமாகச் செய்யும் எல்லா நற்செயல்களையும் கண்டு மகிழ்கிறேன்" என்று சொல்லிவிட்டு மறைந்தார். 

இதன் பிறகு இவர் இறக்கின்ற வரையில், தான் செய்த நற்செயல்களைத் தொடர்ந்து செய்து வந்தார்.

Feastday: February 12

Patron: of hotel keepers, travelers, and boatman

According to a pious fiction that was very popular in the Middle Ages, Julian was of noble birth and while hunting one day, was reproached by a hart for hunting him and told that he would one day kill his mother and father. He was richly rewarded for his services by a king and married a widow. While he was away his mother and father arrived at his castle seeking him; When his wife realized who they were, she put them up for the night in the master's bed room. When Julian returned unexpectedly later that night and saw a man and a woman in his bed, he suspected the worst and killed them both. When his wife returned from church and he found he had killed his parents, he was overcome with remorse and fled the castle, resolved to do a fitting penance. He was joined by his wife and they built an inn for travelers near a wide river, and a hospital for the poor. He was forgiven for his crime when he gave help to a leper in his own bed; the leper turned out to be a messenger from God who had been sent to test him. He is the patron of hotel keepers, travelers, and boatmen. His feast day is February 12th.

St. Juventius of Pavia

Catholic Online Saints & Angels

Facts

Feastday: February 12

Death: 1st century

Bishop of Pavia, Italy, sent by St. Hermagoras with St. Syrus to evangelize the region. Juventius has two feast days, one alone and one with St. Syrus.

Saint Iuventius (or Iuvence) was a bishop of Pavia during the 1st century. Together with Syrus of Pavia he was sent there by Saint Hermagoras. Both Iuventius and Syrus are reported to have been the first bishop of Pavia.

Iuventius has two feast days, 8 February alone and 12 September together with Syrus.

Saint Benedict of Aniane

Also known as

• Euticius

• Witiza

• the Second Benedict

Profile

Born a Visigoth, the son of Aigul, Count of Maguelone. Educated at the court of Pepin. Courtier and cup-bearer to King Pepin and Blessed Charlemagne. Part of the 773 campaign of Charlemagne. Narrowly escaped drowning in the Tesin near Pavia, Italy while trying to save his brother.

Benedictine monk at Saint Sequanus monastery where he took the name Benedict. Lived two and one half years on bread and water, sleeping on the bare ground, praying through the night, and going barefoot.

In the Frankish empire, monasticism suffered lay ownership and the attacks of the Vikings. Monastic discipline decayed. In 779 Benedict founded the Aniane monastery on his own land; the monks did manual labor, copied manuscripts, lived on bread and water except on Sundays and great feast days when they added wine or milk, if they received any in alms. The results of his austere rule were disappointing, so he adopted the Benedictine Rule, and the monastery grew. He then reformed and inaugurated other houses; Saint Ardo travelled with him and served as his secretary.

Bishop Felix of Urgel proposed that Christ was not the natural, but only the adoptive son of God (Adoptionism); Benedict opposed this heresy, wrote against it, and assisted in the Synod of Frankfurt in 794.

Emperor Louis the Pious built the abbey of Maurmunster as a model abbey for Benedict in Alsace, France, and then Cornelimunster near Aachen, Germany, then made Benedict director of all the monasteries in the empire. The monk instituted widespread reforms, though because of opposition they were not as drastic as he had wanted.

Participated in the synods in Aachen. Benedict was an advisor and supported of the emperor. Wrote the Capitulare monasticum, a systematization of the Benedictine Rule as the rule for all monks in the empire. Compiled the Codex regularum, a collection of all monastic regulations, and Concordia regularum, showing the resemblance of Benedict's rule to those of other monastic leaders. The rules stressed individual poverty and chastity with obedience to a properly constituted abbot, himself a monk. Benedict insisted upon the liturgical character of monastic life, including a daily Conventual Mass and additions to the Divine Office. He stressed the clerical element in monasticism which led to the development of teaching and writing as opposed to manual labor in the field. This direction lapsed some after Benedict's death, but had lasting effects on Western monasticism. Benedict is considered the restorer of Western monasticism and is often called "the second Benedict".

Born

c.747 at Languedoc, France as Witiza

Died

• 11 February 821 at Cornelimunster, Aachen, Germany of natural causes

• buried on 12 February 821

Saint Eulalia of Barcelona

Also known as

Aulaire, Aulazia, Aulazie, Auzalie, Elalia, Eulalie, Eulària, Occille, Olacie, Olaia, Olaille, Olaire, Olalla, Ollala

Profile

Sanctified virgin, the forerunner of professed nun. Martyred at age 13 or 14 in the persecutions of Diocletian. Often confused with Saint Eulalia of Merida. Several villages in Guienne and Languedoc are named for her.

Born

c.290 in Barcelona, Spain

Died

• 12 February 304 at Barcelona, Spain

• interred in the church of Santa Maria del Mar, Barcelona

• relics translated to the Barcelona cathedral on 23 November 874

Canonized

633

Patronage

• against drought

• against dysentery

• boatmen, mariners, sailors, watermen

• pregnant women

• for rain

• safe sailing

• safe seafaring

• travellers

• Barcelona, Spain

• Barcelona cathedral

Saint Meletius of Antioch

Also known as

Meletios, Melezio

Profile

Born to a wealthy and prominent family. Bishop of Sebaste, Armenia (modern Sivas, Turkey) in 358 following the deposing of an Arian bishop. The Arian priests revolted, and forced Meletius into exile. Chosen bishop of Antioch, Syria after that city's Arian bishop had re-located to Constantinople. The Arians in the diocese revolted, and Meletius was exiled three times, returning in 362, 367 and 378. Supported by Saint Basil of Caesarea while in exile. In 379 he called a council at Antioch to formally install orthodox Nicene Christianity as the proper profession of the faith. Baptized and ordained Saint John Chrysostom; consecrated Saint Gregory of Nazianus as bishop of Constantinople in 381.

Born

early 4th century Melitene, Lower Armenia (modern Malatya, Turkey)

Died

• 381 at Constantinople (modern Istanbul, Turkey) of natural causes

• the funeral oration was delivered by Saint Gregory of Nyssa

• buried in Antioch beside Saint Babylas

Blessed George Haydock

Additional Memorial

• 22 November as one of the Martyrs of England, Scotland, and Wales

• 29 October as one of the Martyrs of Douai

Profile

Youngest son of Evan and Helen Haydock. Educated at the English College in Douai, France, and the English College in Rome, Italy. Ordained on 21 December 1581 at Rheims, France. He then returned to England to minister to covert Catholics during the persecutions of Queen Elizabeth I. Arrested in London, England, he served 15 months in the Tower of London for the crime of being a priest; at one point he was finally allowed to administer the Sacraments to fellow prisoners. Zealous supporter of the pope, and not secular authorities, as ruler of the Church. Martyr.

Born

c.1557 in Cottam Hall, Lancashire, England

Died

hanged, drawn and quartered on 12 February 1584 in Tyburn, London, England

Beatified

22 November 1987 by Pope John Paul II

Blessed Ludan

Also known as

Ludano, Ludain, Luden

Profile

Born to the Scottish nobility, the son of Itiboldo. Used his inheritence to build a hospital for the poor, a hospice for pilgrims. Died while returning from pilgrimage to the tombs of the Apostles.

Born

12th century Scotland

Died

• 1202 in Nordheim, Alsace, France of natural causes

• while asleep under an elm tree, Ludan received a vision that he was about to die; he prayed to receive Holy Communion one more time; an angel then appeared with the Eucharist

• bells in local churches are reported to have spontaneously rang at the moment of his death

• two local parishes each wanted Ludan to rest at their church; an abbot settled the matter by having the body put in a cart, the cart yoked to a wild horse, and the horse turned loose; the horse stopped in front of the church of Saint George, and there Ludan was buried

• relics enshrined in Saint Ludan church in Nordheim

Blessed Humbeline of Jully

துறவி ஹீம்பலீனா Humbelina OSB

பிறப்பு 

11 ஆம் நூற்றாண்டு, 

பிரான்சு

இறப்பு 

1130, 

ஜூலி-சுர்-சார்சே Jully-sur-Sarce

இவர் கிளேர்வாக்ஸ் Clairvaux நகரைச் சேர்ந்த்த புனித பெர்னார்டு Bernhard அவர்களின் சகோதரி. இவர் தன் இளம் வயதிலேயே தன் குடும்பத்தை விட்டு வெளியேறி, துறவற மடத்தில் வாழ்ந்து வந்தார். பின்னர் தன்னை முழுவதுமாக இறைவனுக்கு அர்ப்பணித்து துறவியானார். மேலும் இவரைப்பற்றிய வரலாறு, அதிகம் கொடுக்கப்படவில்லை. இவர் தனது இறுதிவரை துறவியாகவே வாழ்ந்து இறந்தார் என்று சொல்லப்படுகின்றது. இவர் புனித பெனடிக்ட் துறவற சபையில் தலைமை பொறுப்பில் ஈடுபட்டார் என்றும் கூறப்படுகின்றது. இவரது கல்லறையின் மேல் சிறிய கெபி ஒன்று கட்டப்பட்டு வணக்கம் செலுத்தப்படுகின்றது. இவர் துறவிகளின் முன்மாதிரி என்று சொல்லப்பட்டார்

Also known as

Hombeline, Homberga, Humbelina, Ombelina, Ombeline, Ombline

Additional Memorial

21 August in the Cistercian martyrology

Profile

Younger sister of Saint Bernard of Clairvaux. Married to Guy de Narcy, a member of the ruling family of Lorraine (in modern France). After a few years of rich and frivolous living, Humbeline turned her back on the worldly life; after a few more years she, with her husband's approval, became a Benedictine nun at Jully-les-Nonnains convent near Troyes, France. Served as abbess there.

Born

1092 in Dijon, France

Died

• 21 August 1136 at the Jully-les-Nonnains convent in France of natural causes

• several family members, include Saint Bernard were with her

• buried in Jully-les-Nonnains

Beatified

1703 by Pope Clement XI (cultus confirmed)

Patronage

against loss of parents

Saint Goscelinus of Turin

Also known as

• Goscelinus of San Solutore

• Goslin, Goslino, Gozzelino, Gozzelinus

Profile

Born to the Italian nobility. Benedictine monk in 1006 at the San Solutore Abbey near Turin, Italy soon after its founding. Reluctant abbot in of the house in 1031, he served the remaining 22 years of his life.

Died

• 12 February 1053 of natural causes

• relics enshrined in San Solutore Abbey in 1472

• the San Solutore Abbey was destroyed during the occupation of Italy by the French in 1536, and the relics were transferred Consolata Benedictine monastery

• relics enshrined in the church of Saints Solutore, Ottavio and Avventore in Turin, Italy on 19 January 1575

• relics transferred to the church's new constructed chapel of Saint Paul in 1584

Blessed James Fenn

Additional Memorial

• 29 October as one of the Martyrs of Douai

• 1 December as one of the Martyrs of Oxford University

Profile

Educated at Corpus Christi College and Gloucester Hall at Oxford University. Married layman and schoolmaster. Widower. He studied at Rheims, France, and was ordained in 1580. He returned to England to minister to covert Catholics in the area of Somerset. Arrested for his faith, he was convicted of treason when he remained loyal to Rome and refused to take the Oath of Supremacy. Martyr.

Born

at Montacute, Somerset, England

Died

hanged, drawn, and quartered on 12 February 1584 at Tyburn, London, England

Beatified

15 December 1929 by Pope Pius XI

Saint Anthony Kauleas

Also known as

• Anthony Cauleas

• Antony Cauleas

• Antony Kauleas

• Antony II of Constantinople

Profile

Born to a noble family from Phrygia who had moved to the country to escape persecution by the iconoclasts. Monk near Constantinople at age 12. Abbot of his house. Patriarch of Constantinople in 893. He worked to heal the schisms created by his predecessor Photius, presiding over the Fourth Æcumenical Council of Constantinople in 869 and 870 which condemned or reversed all that Photius had done; all records of the council were destroyed by later schismatics. Throughout his life Antony was known for his personal holiness, his deep personal prayer life, and the sanctity he brought to his offices.

Born

829 near Constantinople

Died

12 February 901 of natural causes

Blessed Thomas Hemeford

Additional Memorial

1 December as one of the Martyrs of Oxford University

Profile

Educated at Oxford, England. Convert to Catholicism. Seminarian at the English College in Rome, Italy; ordained in 1583. He returned to England to minister to covert Catholics during the persecutions of Queen Elizabeth I. Arrested and executed for the crime of being a priest. Martyr.

Born

Stoke, Dorset, England

Died

hanged, drawn and quartered on 12 February 1584 in Tyburn, London, England

Beatified

15 December 1929 by Pope Pius XI

Blessed Jak Bushati

Profile

Studied at the Pontifical Seminary of Shkodrë, Albania. Ordained on 19 May 1915 as a priest of the archdiocese of Shkodrë-Pult, Albania. Imprisoned and tortured to death in the anti–Christian persecutions of the Albanian Communist government. Martyr.

Born

8 August 1890 in Shkodrë, Albania

Died

12 February 1949 in Shkodrë, Albania

Beatified

• 5 November 2016 by Pope Francis

• beatification celebrated at the Square of the Cathedral of Shën Shtjefnit, Shkodër, Albania, presided by Cardinal Angelo Amato

Saint Ethelwald of Lindisfarne

Also known as

Aethelweald, Aedilauld, Ethilwald, Ethelwold

Additional Memorial

21 April (translation of relics)

Profile

Leather worker and bookbinder. Monk. Assistant to Saint Cuthbert of Lindisfarne. Prior and abbot of Old Melrose monastery in Scotland. Bishop at Lindisfarne in 721. Commissioned the famous Lindisfarne Book of Gospels, now in the British Museum, and made its jewel-encrusted leather cover, now lost. Wrote the Hymnal of Ethelwald.

Born

at Northumbria, England

Died

• c.740

• buried in the cathedral at Lindisfarne

• relics taken to Durham in the hope they would prevent Danish invasion

Blessed John Munden

Additional Memorial

• 29 October as one of the Martyrs of Douai

• 1 December as one of the Martyrs of Oxford University

Profile

Studied at New College, Oxford. Teacher and schoolmaster. Studied for the priesthood at Rheims, France, and Rome, Italy. Ordained in 1582. Martyr.

Born

at Coltley, South Maperton, Dorset, England

Died

hanged, drawn, and quartered on 12 February 1584 at Tyburn, London, England

Beatified

15 December 1929 by Pope Pius XI

Blessed Paolo of Barletta

Profile

Joined the Augustinians as a young man. Feeling a need to devote himself to God, he wanted to "go where no one knew him except God alone", and he withdrew for a while to live as a hermit in prayer and penance in the province of Portugal. Missionary to the island of San Thomé, in the East Indies.

Born

early 16th century in Barletta, Italy

Died

13 May 1580 San Thomé, East India of natural causes

Blessed Benedict Revelli

Profile

Benedictine monk of Santa Maria dei Fonti, Italy. Hermit on the island of Gallinaria in the Gulf of Genoa, Italy. Bishop of Albenga, Italy in 870.

Died

• c.900

• buried at the church of Santa Maria de Fontibus

• relics enshrined in a chapel dedicated to him there in 1409

• following a collapse of the old church in 1614, the relics were enshrined in a new wooden reliquary

Beatified

by Pope Gregory XVI (cultus confirmation)

Blessed Josep Gassol Montseny

Profile

Seminarian of the archdiocese of Tarragona, Spain. Martyred in the Spanish Civil War.

Born

31 March 1915 in Solivella, Tarragona, Spain

Died

12 February 1937 in Sarral, Tarragona, Spain

Beatified

• 13 October 2013 by Pope Francis

• beatification celebrated in Tarragona, Spain

Blessed John Nutter

Additional Memorial

29 October as one of the Martyrs of Douai

Profile

Brother of Blessed Robert Nutter. Fellow at Saint John's College, Cambridge. Studied for the priesthood at the English College in Rheims, France. Ordained in 1581. Martyr.

Born

at Burnley, Lancashire, England

Died

hanged, drawn, and quartered on 12 February 1584 at Tyburn, London, England

Beatified

15 December 1929 by Pope Pius XI

Saint Sedulius

Also known as

• Seadhal, Siadal, Siadhal

• the Christian Virgil

Profile

Wrote the epic poem Carmen Paschale. He left Ireland to found a school of poetry in Athens. May have been a disciple of Saint Ailbhe. In 494, a decree of the First Roman Council contained a phrase "honoring by signal praise the Paschal Work of the Venerable man, Sedulius".

Born

Irish

Saint Alexis of Kiev

Also known as

• Alexius of Kiev

• Alexius of Moscow

Profile

Russian nobleman who gave up his worldly position to become a Basilian monk. Archbishop of Kiev. Well educated, but he was more known for his spiritual wisdom; even the Sultan of the Turks in Asia Minor sought his advice.

Died

1364

Blessed Nicolò of San Bernardo

Profile

Benedictine monk at the abbey outside Gembloux, Belgium. Feeling a call to a more austere life, he joined the Cistercians at the monastery at Villers Abbey near Villiers-la-Villes, Belgium.

Died

at Villers Abbey near Villiers-la-Villes, Belgium of natural causes

Blessed Ladislas of Hungary

Profile

Franciscan friar. Betrayed by a heretic monk, he and several of his religious brothers were martyred by order of King Bazarath.

Died

1369 at Vidin (in modern Bulgaria)

Blessed Nicholas of Hungary

Profile

Franciscan friar. Betrayed by a heretic monk, he and several of his religious brothers were martyred by order of King Bazarath.

Died

1369 at Vidin (in modern Bulgaria)

Blessed Gregory of Traguio

Profile

Franciscan friar. Betrayed by a heretic monk, he and several of his religious brothers were martyred by order of King Bazarath.

Died

1369 at Vidin (in modern Bulgaria)

Saint Modestus the Deacon

Profile

Deacon. Martyred in the persecutions of Diocletian.

Born

Sardinia (part of modern Italy)

Died

• c.304

• relics moved to Benevento, Italy c.785

Blessed Anthony of Saxony

Profile

Franciscan friar. Betrayed by a heretic monk, he and several of his religious brothers were martyred by order of King Bazarath.

Died

1369 at Vidin (in modern Bulgaria)

Blessed Thomas of Foligno

Profile

Franciscan friar. Betrayed by a heretic monk, he and several of his religious brothers were martyred by order of King Bazarath.

Died

1369 at Vidin (in modern Bulgaria)

Saint Damian of Africa

Profile

Soldier. Martyr.

Died

in Africa, date unknown

Saint Damian of Rome

Profile

Martyr.

Died

• in Rome, Italy, date unknown

• relics discovered in the catacombs of Saint Callistus, and sent to Spain

Saint Gaudentius of Verona

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Bishop of Verona, Italy.

Died

• c.465

• relics in the basilica of Saint Stephen, Verona, Italy

Saint Julian of Alexandria

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Martyr.

Died

160 at Alexandria, Egypt

Saint Ammonius of Alexandria

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Child martyr.

Saint Modestus of Carthage

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Martyr.

Died

c.160 at Carthage

Patronage

Cartagena, Spain

Saint Modestus of Alexandria

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Child martyr.

Martyrs of Albitina

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During the persecutions of Diocletian, troops were sent to the churches of Abitina, North Africa on a Sunday morning; they rounded up everyone who had arrived for Mass, and took them all to Carthage for interrogation by pro-consul Anulinus. The 46 who proclaimed their Christianity were executed. We know some of their names and stories

• Ampelius

• Cassiano

• Ceciliano

• Cecilia

• Danzio

• Deciano

• Emeritus

• Ercolina

• Eva

• Fausto

• Felice (2 by this name)

• Felix

• Gennara (2 by this name)

• Gennaro

• Giriale

• Hilarion

• Maggiore

• Margherita

• Martino

• Mary

• Massimiano

• Matrona (2 by this name)

• Onorata

• Pelusio

• Pomponia

• Prima

• Quinto

• Regiola

• Restituta

• Rogatian (3 by this name)

• Rogato (2 by this name)

• Saturninus the Elder

• Saturninus the Younger

• Seconda (2 by this name)

• Thelica

• Victoria

• Vincenzo

• Vittoriano

• Vittorino

Died

tortured to death in 304 in prison at Albitina, North Africa

Also celebrated but no entry yet

• Our Lady of Argenteuil

இன்றைய புனிதர்கள் பெப்ரவரி 11

 St. Adolf of Osnabruck

Feastday: February 11

Death: 1224

A monk and bishop, who was a member of the family of Tecklenburg, counts in Westphalia. Adolf became a canon in Cologne, Germany, but then entered the Cistercian monastery, where he became known for his piety. In 1216, he was named the bishop of Osnabrück and maintained charitable programs there, dying on June 30, 1224.

Adolf of Osnabrück, O.Cist (also known as Adolphus, Adolph, Adolf of Tecklenburg), was born in Tecklenburg about 1185, a member of the family of the Counts of Tecklenburg in the Duchy of Westphalia. During his lifetime, he became known as the "Almoner of the Poor", and is honored as a saint by the Catholic Church.

Life

Adolf became a canon of the Cathedral of Cologne, but then entered a Cistercian monastery, where he became known for his piety.[2] In 1216 he was elected Bishop of Osnabrück (after an earlier election had been cancelled by the pope) and maintained charitable programs there. He died on 30 June 1222 or 1224.

Veneration

Adolf's cultus was recognized by Pope Urban VIII in 1625. His feast day is celebrated on 11 February.

Our Lady of Lourdes

தூய லூர்து அன்னை 

இடம்:

லூர்து, ஃபிரான்ஸ்

சாட்சிகள்:

புனிதர் பெர்னதெத் சூபிரஸ்

வகை:

மரியாளின் தரிசனங்கள்

கத்தோலிக்க ஏற்பு: ஜூலை 3, 1862

திருத்தந்தை ஒன்பதாம் பயஸ்

திருத்தலம்:

லூர்து அன்னை திருத்தலம், லூர்து நகர், ஃபிரான்ஸ்

பாதுகாவல்:

லூர்து நகர் ஃபிரான்ஸ்,

தென் கொரியா, நோயாளிகள்,

லான்காஸ்டர் மறை மாவட்டம் , நோய்களிலிருந்து பாதுகாவல் 

திருவிழா நாள்: ஃபெப்ரவரி 11

தூய லூர்து அன்னை என்ற பெயர், ஃபிரான்ஸ் நாட்டின் லூர்து நகரில் கி.பி. 1858ம் ஆண்டு, ஃபெப்ரவரி மாதம், 11ம் நாள் முதல், ஜூலை மாதம், 16ம் நாள் வரை “பெர்னதெத் சூபிரஸ்” (Bernadette Soubirous) என்ற சிறுமிக்கு அன்னை மரியாள் அளித்த திருக்காட்சியின் அடிப்படையில் அவருக்கு வழங்கப்படுகின்ற பெயராகும். இந்த உலகின் பல்வேறு இடங்களில் மரியன்னை அளித்த சிறப்பு வாய்ந்த திருக்காட்சிகளில் ஒன்றாக லூர்து நகர் திருக்காட்சியும் விளங்குகிறது. லூர்து அன்னையின் திருவிழா ஃபெப்ரவரி 11ம் தேதி கொண்டாடப்படுகிறது.

மரியாளின் திருக்காட்சிகள்:

ஃபிரான்ஸ் நாட்டின் லூர்து நகரில் பிறந்தவர் பெர்னதெத் சூபிரஸ். இவருக்கு 14 வயது நடந்தபோது, கி.பி. 1858ம் ஆண்டு, ஃபெப்ரவரி மாதம், 11ம் தேதி, இவர் தனது சகோதரி மற்றும் தோழியுடன் விறகு பொறுக்க சென்றார். அவர்கள் மசபியேல் குகை அருகே சென்று கொண்டிருந்த வேளையில், பெர்னதெத் ஒரு காட்சியைக் கண்டார்.

அன்னை மரியாள் ஓர் இளம் பெண்ணாக அந்த குகையில் தோன்றினார். அவர் வெண்ணிற ஆடையும், முக்காடும் அணிந்திருந்தார். அவர் நீல நிறத்தில் இடைக் கச்சையை உடுத்தியிருந்தார். கையில் முத்துகளால் ஆன ஒரு செபமாலை வைத்திருந்தார். அவரது காலடியில் காட்டு ரோஜா செடிகள் காணப்பட்டன. அவர் கைகளைக் கூப்பி வானத்தை நோக்கியவாறு இருந்தார். பெர்னதெத் தன்னுடன் வந்த இருவரிடமும் "அதோ பாருங்கள் மிகவும் அழகான ஓர் இளம்பெண்" என்று கூறினார். இவரது சகோதரிக்கும் தோழிக்கும் எதுவும் தெரியவில்லை.

பெர்னதெத் அன்னையின் முதல் திருக்காட்சியைக் கண்டபோது, மரியாள் அவரை மேலும் சில நாட்கள் அதே இடத்திற்கு வரச் சொன்னார். மரியாளின் வார்த்தைகளை ஏற்று, பெர்னதெத்தும் அங்கு சென்றார். ஃபெப்ரவரி மாதம், 18ம் தேதி, மரியாளைக் கண்டு பெர்னதெத் பரவச நிலையில் இருந்ததை அவரோடு சென்றவர்கள் கண்டனர். ஒரு திருக்காட்சியில் மரியன்னை தனக்கு அங்கு ஓர் ஆலயம் கட்டப்பட வேண்டும் என்று கேட்டுக் கொண்டார். பெர்னதெத் அதை பங்கு குருவிடம் சொன்ன போது, அவர் அதற்கான காரணத்தை அறிந்து வருமாறு கூறினார்.

ஃபெப்ரவரி 25ம் தேதி திருக்காட்சியின்போது, மரியாளின் கட்டளையை ஏற்று பெர்னதெத் மண்ணைத் தோண்டியபோது, அந்த இடத்தில் நீரூற்று ஒன்று தோன்றியது. அது பின்பு ஓடையாக மாறி, திருப்பயணிகளை கவர்ந்திழுக்கும் அற்புத இடமாக இன்றும் திகழ்கிறது. மார்ச் மாதம், 25ம் தேதி அன்னை மரியாள் பெர்னதெத்திடம், “நாமே அமல உற்பவம்” ("Que Soy Era Immaculada Concepciou") என்று தம்மைப் பற்றிக் கூறினார். இதற்கு, "பாவம் எதுவுமின்றி பிறந்தவர்" என்பது அர்த்தம்.

மொத்தம் பதினெட்டு முறை பெர்னதெத்துக்கு தரிசனமளித்த மரியன்னை, அவற்றில் 15 திருக்காட்சிகளில் செபமாலையின் மகிழ்ச்சி, துயரம், மகிமை மறைபொருட்களின் 15 மறையுண்மைகளையும் நாளுக்கு ஒன்று என்ற வகையில் பெர்னதெத்தை ஒவ்வொன்றாக தியானித்து செபிக்கச் செய்தார். பெர்னதெத்தின் பின்னே பக்தியுடன் ஒரு கூட்டமும், கிண்டல் செய்யும் நோக்கத்தில் மற்றொரு கூட்டமும் பின் தொடர்ந்தன.

ஏப்ரல் மாதம், 7ம் தேதி, பெர்னதெத் அன்னையின் 16வது திருக்காட்சியைக் கண்டபோது, மருத்துவ ஆய்வுக்காக 15 நிமிடங்கள் இவர் கையை சிலர் தீயினால் சுட்டனர். பெர்னதெத் அதை உணரவும் இல்லை, இவர் கையில் தீக்காயமும் ஏற்படவில்லை. ஜூலை மாதம், 16ம் தேதி அன்னை மரியாளின் கடைசி திருக்காட்சியைக் கண்ட பெர்னதெத், "இதற்கு முன்பாக நான் அவரை இத்தகைய பேரழகோடு கண்டதே இல்லை" என்று கூறினார்.

தரிசன பின்னணி:

கிறிஸ்தவ வரலாற்றில் அன்னை மரியாளின் திருக்காட்சிகள் முதல் நூற்றாண்டு முதலே பதிவு செய்யப்பட்டுள்ளன. உலகின் பல இடங்களிலும் அன்னையின் திருக்காட்சிகள் நிகழ்ந்துள்ளன. ஒவ்வொரு திருக்காட்சியும் கடவுளின் ஏதேனும் ஒரு செய்தியை வழங்குவதாக விளங்குகிறது. லூர்து நகரின் திருக்காட்சியும் அப்படிப்பட்ட ஒரு திருக்காட்சியாகவே இயற்கைக்கு மேற்பட்ட விதத்தில் அமைந்துள்ளது.

திருத்தந்தை 9ம் பயஸ் கி.பி. 1854ம் ஆண்டு, டிசம்பர் மாதம், 8ம் தேதி, "மரியாள், தாம் உற்பவித்த நொடியில் இருந்தே, வல்லமை மிக்க இறைவனின் தனிப்பட்ட அருளினாலும், சிறப்பு சலுகையினாலும், மனித குலத்தின் மீட்பராம் இயேசுவின் பேறுபலன்களினாலும், சென்மப் பாவத்தின் கறைகளிலிருந்து பாதுகாக்கப்பட்டார் என்னும் திருச்சபையின் போதனை இறைவனால் வெளிப்படுத்தப்பட்ட உண்மையாகும். எனவே, இறைமக்கள் இதில் என்றும் தளராத உறுதியான விசுவாசம் கொள்ளவேண்டும்" என்று கூறி, மரியாளின் அமல உற்பவத்தை விசுவாசக் கோட்பாடாக அறிவித்தார். இதை உறுதி செய்யும் வகையிலேயே கன்னி மரியாள் லூர்து நகரில் திருக்காட்சியளித்தார்.

லூர்து அன்னை பேராலயம்:

பெர்னதெத், அன்னை மரியாளின் திருக்காட்சிகளை கண்ட நாட்களிலேயே, லூர்து திருக்காட்சிகளின் உண்மைத் தன்மையை ஆய்வு செய்யும் பணியைத் திருச்சபை அதிகாரிகள் மேற்கொண்டு வந்தனர். மேலும் கி.பி. 1858ம் ஆண்டு, நவம்பர் மாதம், 17ம் தேதி, திருக்காட்சிகளைப் பற்றி ஆராய விசாரணைக் குழு ஒன்றும் அமைக்கப்பட்டது. இறுதியாக கி.பி. 1862ம் ஆண்டு, ஜனவரி மாதம், 18ம் தேதி, டர்பெஸ் மறைமாவட்ட ஆயர் லாரன்ஸ், "பெர்னதெத் சூபிரசுக்கு கன்னி மரியாள் தரிசனம் தந்தபோது, இயற்கைக்கு மேற்பட்ட இறைவனின் செயல்பாடுகள் நிகழ்ந்தது உண்மையே" என்று அறிவித்தார். திருத்தந்தை 9ம் பயஸ், லூர்து அன்னையின் வணக்கத்திற்கு அனுமதி வழங்கினார். இதன் மூலம் லூர்து நகர், அன்னை மரியாளின் பக்தர்கள் வந்து செல்லும் புனித இடமாக மாறியது.

அதன் பிறகு அன்னை மரியாள் திருக்காட்சியளித்த மசபியேல் குகையின் அருகே, மரியாளின் பெயரில் பெரிய ஆலயம் ஒன்று கட்டி எழுப்பப்பட்டது. காட்சியின்போது தோன்றிய நீரூற்றும், பெரிய ஓடையாக மாறி ஆற்றில் கலப்பதுடன், நம்பிக்கையோடு அதன் நீரைப் பருகுவோருக்கு குணமளிக்கும் மருந்தாகவும் செயல்படுகிறது. ஆண்டுதோறும் உலகெங்கும் இருந்து இலட்சக்கணக்கான திருப்பயணிகள் லூர்து அன்னை பேராலயத்தை நாடிச் செல்கின்றனர்.

செபிப்போம்:

"நாமே மாசில்லா உற்பவம்" என்று திருவாய் மலர்ந்த அன்னையே!

எம்மையும், எம் குடும்பத்தையும், இச்சமூகத்தையும், உம்மை விசுவசிக்காத சகோதர்களையும் உமது பொற்பாதத்தில் ஒப்படைகிறோம்!

உலக மாந்தரனைவரினதும் அன்புத்தாயே!

உம்மையே தஞ்சமென ஓடிவரும் அடியோர் மேலே தயவாயிரும் அம்மா!

கருணையின் ஊற்றுக்கண்ணான மாதாவே!

நீர் பரிந்துரைத்தால் தண்ணீரும் இரசமாகும் என்பதனை உளமார உணர்ந்து விசுவசிக்கும் எம்மை கரம் பிடித்து வழி நடத்துமம்மா!

எல்லையில்லாத உமது திருஇருதயத்தின் அன்பால் எம்மைக் காக்கும் அதிதூய இறை அன்னையே!

உமது திருவயிற்றின் கனியாகிய இயேசுவின் திருவார்த்தைகளின் வழிநடக்க எமக்கு கற்றுத் தாருமம்மா!

லோக நாயகியே! ஆரோக்கிய அன்னையே! சகாய தாயே! அடைக்கல மாதாவே! பனிமய அன்னையே! சந்தன மாதாவே! மடு மாதாவே! செல்வ மாதாவே! பெரிய நாயகி அன்னையே! அதிசய மணல் மாதாவே! அதிசய மின்னல் மாதாவே! பூண்டி புதுமை அன்னையே! லூர்து அன்னையே! காணிக்கை மாதாவே! ஜெபமாலை அன்னையே!

நீர் அருளித்தந்த செபமாலையை நாங்கள் விட்டுவிடாதிருக்கும் வரமருளும் அம்மா!

† ஆமென் †

மாசில்லாக் கன்னியே, மாதாவே உம்மேல்...

நேசமில்லாதவர் நீசரே ஆவார்...

வாழ்க, வாழ்க, வாழ்க மரியே...

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The memorial commemorates the eighteen (18) apparitions of the Blessed Virgin Mary to Saint Bernadette Soubiroux that occurred between 11 February and 16 July of 1858 near the town of Lourdes in the Hautes-Pyrenees region of France. Though there would be other people with her, only Saint Bernadette could see the Lady.

During the 9th appearance, on 25 February, the Lady told Bernadette to drink from a spring that suddenly appeared in the grotto where the apparitions occurred. During the 12th appearance, on 1 March, a visitor washed her arm in water from the spring, and some nerve damage in it was immediately cured. There is a tradition of miraculous cures at the grotto, or received by those who drink or are bathed in its waters. Bernadette later said that the water had no special properties, but it helped focus the faithful who received the cures through faith and prayer.

During the 13th appearance, on 2 March, the Lady told Bernadette to tell local priests that they should build a chapel at the grotto, and have processions to be made to it; the priests were understandably skeptical, but due to the numbers of pilgrims coming to the area, construction of several churches was started within a few years.

During the 16th appearance, on 25 March, the Lady identified herself as "the Immaculate Conception".

Due to the number of people gathering at the site, and making treks to the area, on 8 June 1858, the mayor of Lourdes barricaded the grotto and stationed guards to prevent public access; visitors were fined for kneeling near the grotto or talking about it, and Bernadette saw the last appearance of the Lady from outside the barricade. The grotto was re-opened to the public in October 1858 by order of Emperor Louis Napoleon III, and the pilgrims have not stopped coming since.

Approval

• on 18 January 1862 Bishop Bertrand-Sévère Mascarou-Laurence, with the authorization of Pope Pius IX, declared that the faithful are "justified in believing the reality of the apparition"

• national French pilgrimages to the site began in 1873

• the basilica of Notre-Dame de Lourdes was consecrated in 1876

• Pope Pius IX formally granted a canonical coronation to the statue of Our Lady in the courtyard of the basilica on 3 July 1876

• Church of the Rosary consecrated in 1901

• a special office and Mass were authorized by Pope Leo XIII

• observance of the feast extended to the whole Church by Pope Pius X in 1907

Patronage

• sick people

• France

• Tennessee

• Lancaster, England, diocese of

• 6 cities

World Day of the Sick

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A feast instituted on 13 May 1992 by Pope John Paul II to be "a special time of prayer and sharing, of offering one's suffering". The date of the feast, 11 February, was chosen to coincide with that of Our Lady of Lourdes as there have been so many healings reported at the shrine and through Our Lady's intercession. Pope Benedict XVI announced his resignation on this feast day in 2013, citing his declining health as his reason.

Patron Saints of Sick People

Alphais of Cudot

Alphonsa of India

Angela Merici

Angela Truszkowska

Arthelais of Benevento

Bathild

Bernadette of Lourdes

Camillus of Lellis

Catherine del Ricci

Catherine of Siena

Drogo

Edel Mary Quinn

Elizabeth of the Trinity

Gerard of Villamagna

Germaine Cousin

Gertrude of Nivelles

Gorgonia

Hemma of Gurk

Hilary of Poitiers

Hugh of Lincoln

Isabella of France

Jacinta Marto

John of God

Julia Billiart

Julia Falconieri

Juliana of Nicomedia

Louis IX

Louise de Marillac

Lydwina of Schiedam

Maria Bagnesi

Maria Gabriella

Maria Mazzarello

Marie Rose Durocher

Mary Ann de Paredes

Mary Magdalen of Pazzi

Michael the Archangel

Our Lady of Lourdes

Paula Frassinetti

Peregrine Laziosi

Philomena

Rafka Al-Rayes

Raphael the Archangel

Romula of Rome

Serapion of Algiers

Syncletica

Teresa of Avila

Terese of the Andes

Therese of Lisieux

Werner von Ellerbach

Pope Saint Gregory II

Also known as

• Gregory the Younger

• Gregory Junior

Profile

Involved in Church affairs from an early age. Pope Saint Sergius I ordained Gregory a sub-deacon. He served the next four popes as treasurer of the Church, then librarian. Assigned important missions. Accompanied Pope Constantine to Constantinople for discussions with Emperor Justinian II.

Elected 89th pope in 715. He held synods to correct abuses, stopped heresy and promoted discipline and morality in religious and clerical life. Rebuilt a great portion of the walls of Rome, Italy to protect the city against the Lombards. Restored churches, cared for the sick and aged, re-established monasteries and abbeys. Consecrated Saint Boniface and Saint Corbinian as missionary bishops to the tribes in Germany. English pilgrims increased to the point that they required a church, cemetery, and school of their own.

In his dealings with Emperor Leo III, Gregory's showed strength and patience. Leo demanded destruction of holy images. When bishops failed to convince him of his error, they disobeyed and appealed to the Pope. Gregory tried to change the emperor's thinking, counseled the people to maintain allegiance to the prince, and encouraged the bishops to oppose the heresy. It appears he won out.

Born

669 at Rome, Italy

Papal Ascension

19 May 715

Died

11 February 731 at Rome, Italy of natural causes

Saint Caedmon

Also known as

Cædmon, Cadfan, Cedmon

Profile

A layman cowherd, in his later years he came to work with animals at the double monastery of Whitby. One night in 657 he received a vision which commanded him to glorify God with hymns, and which gave him the poetic skills to do so. As he was illiterate, the brothers would read the Bible to Caedmon, and he would repeat it back to them as poetry. With the encouragement of Saint Hilda, Whitby's abbess, he became a Columban lay brother. First known poet of vernacular English. His story was recorded by Saint Bede. Miracles attributed to his intercession.

Born

• in the British Isles

• may have been Celtic

Died

• c.670 at Whitby, Yorkshire North Riding, England of natural causes

• probably buried at Whitby

Representation

cattle, harp, dove, music

Blessed Tobias Francisco Borrás Román

Also known as

• Francisco Borrás Romeu

• Tobias Borrás Román

• Tobias Borrás Romeu

Additional Memorial

• 24 November (listed on some calendars due to confusion over the date of his death in some of the beatification paperwork)

• 30 July as one of the Martyred Hospitallers of Spain

Profile

Married in 1884 at age 23, he became a widower when his wife died in the cholera epidemic of 1885–1886. He joined the religious in the Hospitallers of Saint John of God in 1887. He served in Hospitaller communities in the Spanish cities of Ciempozuelos, Zaragoza, Carabanche Alto and Granada where his superiors noted his generous spirit and willingness to work.

As part of the anti–Catholic persecutions of the Spanish Civil War, Brother Tobias was imprisoned in Ciempozuelos and then transferred to San Antón in Madrid, Spain. Due to his age and failing health, he was eventually released. He travelled to Valencia, Spain, planning to joined up with the Malvarrosa Hospitallers community - unaware that they had all already been murdered. He knocked on the door their house, was recognized by the militia as another Hospitaller, and shot down. Martyr.

Born

14 April 1861 in San Jorge, Castellón, Spain

Died

shot on 11 February 1937 at the Hospitaller community just outside the city of Valencia, Spain

Beatified

25 October 1992 by Pope John Paul II

Pope Saint Paschal I

புனிதர் முதலாம் பாஸ்கால் 

98ம் திருத்தந்தை:

ஏற்கும் சமயம்:

ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை

பிறப்பு: கி.பி. 775

ரோம், திருத்தந்தை மாநிலம்

இறப்பு: ஃபெப்ரவரி 11, 824

ரோம், திருத்தந்தையர் மாநிலங்கள்

நினைவுத் திருவிழா: ஃபெப்ரவரி 11

புனிதர் முதலாம் பாஸ்கால், கி.பி. 817ம் ஆண்டு, ஜனவரி மாதம், 25ம் நாள் முதல், கி.பி. 824ம் ஆண்டு, ஃபெப்ரவரி மாதம், 11ம் நாள்வரை, கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபையின் திருத்தந்தையாக இருந்த இவர், கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபையின் 98ம் திருத்தந்தை ஆவார். பாஸ்கால் என்னும் பெயர் எபிரேயம், கிரேக்கம், இலத்தீன். ஆகிய மொழிகளில் "உயிர்த்தெழுதல் சார்ந்த" என்று பொருள்படும்.

ஆரம்ப வாழ்க்கை:

“பாஸ்கால் டேய் மஸ்ஸிமி” (Pasquale dei Massimi) எனும் இயற்பெயர் கொண்ட பாஸ்கால், பிறப்பினால் ரோம் நகரைச் சார்ந்தவர். அவருடைய தந்தை பெயர் “போனோசஸ்” (Bonosus). தாயார் "எபிஸ்கோபா தியோடரா" (Episcopa Theodora) ஆவார். இளமைப் பருவத்திலேயே அவர் ரோம குருகுலத்தில் சேர்ந்தார். இலாத்தரன் அரண்மனையில் இருந்த கல்விக்கூடத்தில் திருப்பணியிலும் விவிலியப் படிப்பிலும் தேர்ச்சி பெற்றார். துணைத் திருத்தொண்டராக துறவு வாழ்க்கையை ஆரம்பித்த இவர், கத்தோலிக்க குருவாகவும், திருத்தந்தை மூன்றாம் லியோ (Pope Leo III) காலத்தில் "புனித ஸ்டீஃபன் துறவு மடத்தின்" (Monastery of St. Stephen of the Abyssinians) மடாதிபதியாகவும் பணியாற்றினார். அப்போது ரோமுக்கு திருப்பயணமாக வந்த மக்களுக்கு அவர் பணிபுரிந்தார். திருத்தந்தை “மூன்றாம் லியோ” (Pope Leo III) இவரை கர்தினாலாக (Cardinal of Santa Prassede) உயர்த்தினார்.

திருத்தந்தையாக நியமனம்:

திருத்தந்தை நான்காம் ஸ்தேவான் (Stephen IV) காலமான (ஜனவரி 24, 817) உடனேயே பாஸ்கால் திருத்தந்தையாக ஒருமனதாகத் தேர்ந்தெடுக்கப்பட்டார். மறுநாள் (கி.பி. 817 ஜனவரி 25) அவர் ஆயராகத் திருநிலைப்படுத்தப்பட்டார்; திருத்தந்தையாகப் பதவி ஏற்றார்.

பேரரசரோடு உறவு:

பேரரசர் லூயிஸுடன் (Emperor Louis the Pious) தமக்கு நெருங்கிய உறவு உண்டு என்பதைக் காட்டும் வகையில் திருத்தந்தை பாஸ்கால் பல தூதுவர்களை அனுப்பினார். பேரரசர் லூயிஸும் கி.பி. 817ல் "லூயிஸ் ஒப்பந்தம்" என்னும் ஆவணத்தை எழுதி, திருத்தந்தைக்கு அனுப்பி, திருத்தந்தை தம் ஆட்சிப்பீடத்தை முறையாக ஏற்றுக்கொண்டார் என்று அங்கீகாரம் வழங்கினார். அந்த ஆவணம் இன்றும் உள்ளது.

லூயிஸ் மகன் “லோத்தேர்” (Lothair) திருமணம் செய்துகொண்டபோது, திருத்தந்தை தூதுவர்கள் வழியாக அவருக்குப் பரிசுகள் அனுப்பினார். கி.பி. 823ம் ஆண்டு வசந்த காலத்தில் “முதலாம் லோத்தேர்” (Lothair I) ரோமுக்குச் சென்றார். அங்கு ஏப்ரல் மாதம், 5ம் நாள் திருத்தந்தை பாஸ்கால், முதலாம் லோத்தேரை இத்தாலியின் அரசனாக அறிவித்து, ஆடம்பரமாக அவருக்கு முடிசூட்டினார்.

சுருப வணக்கம் முறையானது என்னும் போதனை:

பாஸ்காலின் ஆட்சி காலத்தில், ரோம் நகரத்தில் கொந்தளிப்பான சூழ்நிலை நிலவியது. “பைசன்டைன் பேரரசில்” (Byzantine Empire) சொரூப வணக்கத்தை எதிர்ப்போரை எதிர்த்ததன் காரணத்தாலும், “மொசைக் கலைஞர்களை” (Mosaic artists) ரோம் வரவழைத்து தேவாலயங்களை அலங்கரிக்க ஏற்பாடு செய்தனர். இதனை அறிந்த ““பைசன்டைன் பேரரசன் இரண்டாம் மைக்கேல் (Byzantine Emperor Michael II), இவற்றை நிறுத்த முயற்சிக்குமாறு ஃப்ரான்கிஷ் மன்னன் லூயிசுக்கு (Frankish King Louis the Pious) கடிதம் எழுதினான்.

இதன் காரணத்தால், துன்புறுத்தப்பட்ட துறவியர் நாடுகடத்தப்பட்டனர். லியோவால் சட்டமுறைக்கு எதிராக காண்ஸ்டாண்டிநோபுளின் மறை முதுவராக நியமிக்கப்பட்ட தியோடோசியுஸ் என்பவர் அரசனின் ஆணைக்குப் பணிந்தார். ஆனால் தியொடோர் என்னும் தலைமைத் துறவி (Theodore of Studium) சுருப வணக்கம் முறையானதே என்று வலியுறுத்திக் கூறினார்.

இதை விரும்பாத மன்னன் லியோ தியொடோரை நாடு கடத்தி கொடுமைப்படுத்தினார். அதே சமயத்தில் தியோடோசியுசும் திருத்தந்தைக்குத் தூதுவர்களை அனுப்பினார். ஆனால் திருத்தந்தை அவருடைய போக்கினை ஏற்றுக்கொள்ளவில்லை. மாறாக, தியொடோருக்கு ஆதரவு தெரிவித்ததோடு, அவர் துன்பங்களுக்கு நடுவிலும் உண்மையான கொள்கையைக் கடைப்பிடிப்பதில் உறுதியாக இருக்கவேண்டும் என்று ஊக்குவித்தார்.

நாடுகடத்தப்பட்ட துறவியருக்கு ஆதரவு:

சுருப வணக்கம் முறையானதே என்று கூறிய பல துறவியரை மன்னன் லியோ கிரேக்க நாட்டிலிருந்து துரத்திவிட்டார். அத்துறவியரைத் திருத்தந்தை பாஸ்கால் மனமுவந்து வரவேற்றார். ரோமில் புதிதாக நிறுவப்பட்ட புனித பிராக்சேதிஸ், புனித செசிலியா, புனிதர்கள் செர்ஜியுஸ் மற்று பாக்குஸ் ஆகிய துறவியர் இல்லங்களில் அத்துறவியரை உறுப்பினர்களாக ஏற்றுக் கொண்டார்.

ஆலயங்களைச் சீரமைத்தல்:

திருத்தந்தை முதலாம் பாஸ்கால் பல ஆலயங்களைப் புதுப்பித்துச் சீரமைத்தார். எடுத்துக்காட்டாக, “தூய பிராஸ்செட்” (Santa Prassede), “டிரஸ்டேவரிலுள்ள தூய செசிலியா” (Santa Cecilia in Trastevere), “டொமினிக்காவிலுள்ள தூய மரியா” (Santa Maria in Domnica) ஆகிய ஆலயங்களை முற்றிலும் புதுப்பித்துக் கட்டியதைக் குறிப்பிடலாம்.

மரணம்:

ஏழாண்டு திருஆட்சிக்கு பின் கி.பி. 824ம் ஆண்டு, ஃபெப்ரவரி மாதம், 11ம் நாள், திருத்தந்தை முதலாம் பாஸ்கால் காலமானார். அவருடைய உடல் புனித பிராக்சேதிஸ் ஆலயத்தில் அடக்கம் செய்யப்பட்டது.

திருத்தந்தை முதலாம் பாஸ்காலின் நினைவுத் திருவிழா, ஃபெப்ரவரி மாதம், 11ம் நாள் கொண்டாடப்படுகிறது.

Profile

Son of Bonosus. Studied at the Lateran Basilica in Rome, Italy. Benedictine monk. Abbot of Saint Stephen's monastery, which was near the Vatican, and which housed pilgrims to Rome. Elected 98th pope in 817.

Defended the Greeks against iconoclastic emperors, and sheltered refugees from the iconoclast persecutions. Supported Saint Nicephorous and Saint Theodore Studites. Enshrined the relics of Saint Caecilia and other martyrs.

When two papal officials were found blinded and murdered, Paschal was accused of the crime. He was not involved, but the murderers were members of his household, and he refused to surrender them, claiming that the victims were traitors, and that secular authorities had no jurisdiction over events that occurred within the Vatican. The dispute resulted in the Constitution of Lothair, which set specific limits on the law enforement and judicial powers of the pope.

Born

at Rome, Italy

Papal Ascension

25 January 817

Died

824

Blessed Henry of Vitskøl

Profile

Cistercian monk at the abbey of Clairvaux. Spiritual student of Saint Bernard of Clairvaux. Like many others from that house, he went out to establish other houses, and c.1150 travelled to the Nordic countries. There he became abbot of Varnhem Abbey in Sweden, but when Queen Christina Björnsdotter sought to take over their property, Henry left to seek help from other houses. He reached Roskilde, Zealand, Denmark during a synod led by Archbishop Eskil of Lund. Eskil was so impressed with Henry, and so sympathetic to his problem, that he recommended him to lead a monastery that King Valdemar was planning to build. Henry became the first abbot of Vitskøl Abbey, and brought many of his harassed brothers from Sweden to live there. Most eventually returned to Varnhem when the pressures against their house ended, but Henry continued to lead the house of Vitskøl, making it a regional center of piety and learning, and a source of medical herbs.

Born

12th century France

Saint Pedro de Jesús Maldonado-Lucero

Additional Memorial

21 May as one of the Martyrs of the Mexican Revolution

Profile

Parish priest in Santa Isabel, archdiocese of Chihuáhua, Mexico. Beaten and martyred in the anti-Catholic persecutions of the Mexican Revolution.

Born

15 June 1892 in Chihuáhua City, Chihuáhua, Mexico

Died

11 February 1937 in Chihuáhua City, Chihuáhua, Mexico from a gunshot in the forehead the day before

Canonized

21 May 2000 by Pope John Paul II

Blessed Anselm of Rot an der Rot

Also known as

Anselm of Steingaden

Profile

Soldier. Premonstratensian monk. Canon at the monastery of Mönchsrot in Rot an der Rot near Memmingen, Oberschwaben, Baden-Württemberg (in modern Germany). Spiritual student of Blessed Odino of Rot. Founding abbot of the monastery in Steingaden, Weilheim-Schongau, Bavaria (in modern Germany) in 1147; it became a center for learning, and was known for the piety of its monks, and their strict adherence to the Premonstratensian Rule.

Born

12th century Germany

Died

11 February 1162 in Steingaden, Bavaria, Germany

Saint Castrensis of Capua

Also known as

• Castrensis of Sessa

• Castrensis of Campania

• Castrensis of Africa

• Castrense, Castrese, Castrenze

Additional Memorial

1 September as one of the Exiles of Campania

Profile

Priest. Bishop exiled from Africa to Italy in the 5th century by Arian Vandals. Bishop of Capua, Italy.

Died

relics at Capua, Italy and in Monreale, Sicily

Patronage

• Castel Volturno, Italy

• Marano di Napoli, Italy

• Monreale, Italy, city of

• Monreale, archdiocese of

• San Castrese di Sessa Aurunca

Saint Etchen of Clonfad

Also known as

Echen, Ecian, Eciano, Éidchéan, Etchenius

Profile

Monk. Founded a monastery in Clonfad, Leinster, Ireland, and served as its abbot. Bishop, based at the monastery. Ordained Saint Columba of Iona; legend says that Columba was so eager to start his vocation that Etchen had to stop in the middle of plowing a field to perform the ordination.

Born

490 in Ireland

Died

• 11 February 577 of natural causes

• buried in the cemetery at Clonfad, Ireland

• some relics in the church at Clonfad

Patronage

• farmers

• plow-men

Saint Lucius of Adrianople

Also known as

• Lucius of Edirne

• Lucius of Odrin

• Lucius of Edrêne

• Lucius of Jedrene

• Lucius of Hadrianopolis

Profile

Bishop of Adrianople. Spoke zealously against Arianism at the Council of Sardica in 343; the feelings against orthodox Catholics were so strong that the Arian emperor Constantius agreed that Lucius was under the protection of Pope Julius before the bishop could return home after the Council. However, he and many of his flock were later martyred by Arians.

Died

c.348 in the diocese of Adrianople (modern Edirne, Turkey)

Saint Gobnata

Also known as

Abigail, Albina, Deborah, Gobnat, Gobnet, Gobnait

Profile

Sixth century abbess of a convent at in Ballyvourney, Ireland. A holy well there that is named for her still exists. Legend says that she found the site of the convent by chasing a white deer; an angel told her to follow it until she found a herd of nine white deer and found her house there.

Blessed Helwisa

Also known as

Elisa, Eloisa, Heloise, Helvisa

Profile

Born to the French nobility. Married to Count Hugh of Meulan. Widowed. Donated a large part of her inheritance to the nearby Benedictine abbey of Notre-Dame in Coulombs, France. She married again but was soon widowed a second time and decided to renounce all worldly life. She spent the rest of her days as an anchoress in a cell attached the basilica and under the spiritual direction of the abbey in Coulombs, but never joined the Order.

Died

• c.1060 of natural causes

• relics enshrined in the abbey at Coulombs, France

Guardians of the Holy Scriptures

Also known as

• Anonymous Martyrs in Africa

• Martyrs of Africa

• Martyrs of Numidia

• Martyrs of the Holy Books

Profile

A large number of Christians tortured and murdered in Numidia (part of modern Algeria) during the persecutions of Diocletian, but whose names and individual stories have not survived. They were ordered to surrender their sacred books to be burned. They refused. Martyrs.

Died

c.303 in Numidia

Saint Duban

Also known as

Dubhán

Profile

Son of Saint Brychan of Brycheiniog and Din, a Saxon princess, Duban received a good education in the faith, and was ordained a priest. Around the year 452, Duban travelled to Ireland to make pilgrimages to holy sites. Founded a church at Killooaun or Cill Dhubháin (“the church of Dubhán”) which became an important site at the time, but which is in ruins 1600 years later.

Born

mid-5th century in the British Isles

Died

early 6th century Ireland of natural causes

Saint Ardanus of Tournus

Also known as

Ardagne, Ardagno, Ardagnus, Ardain, Ardaing, Ardan

Profile

Benedictine monk. Abbot at Tournus, diocese of Autun, France. Restored monastic buildings there, and cared for the local people during the famine of 1030 to 1033.

Died

• c.1057 of natural causes

• relics enshrined in a chapel dedicated to his at the church of the abbey of Saint Philibert at Tournus, diocese of Autun, France in 1140

• relics burned by Huguenots in 1562

Saint Theodora the Empress

Profile

Empress, married to the brutal and thuggish Emperor Theophilus; mother of Emperor Michael III. Widowed, she immediately put an end to the iconoclast persecutions. She governed the empire for 12 years but was banished when her drunken son took the throne, and spent the last eight years of her life in a monastery.

Died

867 of natural causes

Blessed Bertrada of Saint Gallen

Profile

Married, when she was widowed, Bertrada joined a cloister in the church of Saint Magnus in Saint Gallen, Switzerland. Her reputation for holiness spread, which led to people seeking her spiritual wisdom, which then led her to move to a hidden cell near the church of Saint George c.960 where she lived the rest of her days as a hermitess.

Died

c.983 of natural causes

Saint Severinus of Agaunum

Profile

Born to the nobility, and taught orthodox Christianity during the period of the Arian heresy. Monk. Abbot in Agaunum (modern Saint-Maurice-en-Valais, Switzerland).

Born

Burgundy, France

Died

c.507

Blessed Gaudencia Benavides Herrero

Profile

Nun in the Archdiocese of Madrid, Spain. Member of the Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul. Martyred in the Spanish Civil War.

Born

12 February 1878 in Valdemorillo, León, Spain

Died

11 February 1937 in Vistillas, Madrid, Spain

Beatified

27 October 2013 by Pope Benedict XVI

Blessed Bartholomew of Olmedo

Profile

Mercedarian priest. The first missionary priest in Mexico, arriving in 1516, travelling with Cortés and working with the Aztecs.

Died

• November 1524 in Mexico

• buried in Santiago de Tlaltelolco

Blessed Pietro of Cuneo

Also known as

Pietro de 'Pasquali

Profile

Franciscan friar. Travelling preacher in the regions of Piedmont in modern Italy, Provence in modern France, and then into Spain where he met with resistance from heretics. Martyr.

Born

Cuneo, Italy

Died

11 February 1322 in Valencia, Spain

Saint Calocerus of Ravenna

Also known as

Calogero, Caio, Calocero

Profile

Spiritual student of Saint Apollinaris of Ravenna. Bishop of Ravenna, Italy.

Born

Greek

Died

c.130

Saint Simplicius I of Vienne

Also known as

Silplicius, Simplice, Simplicidius, Simplicio, Simplides, Simplidis

Profile

Bishop of Vienne in the Dauphiné in southeast France in 398, serving the remaining 19 years of his life. Martyred by pagan Germans.

Died

417

Saint Jonas of Muchon

Also known as

• Jonas of Demeskenyanos

• Jonas the Gardener

Profile

Fourth century monk at Demeskenyanos, Egypt. Spiritual student of Saint Pachomius of Tabenna. A gardener by day, a rope plaiter by night, he worked for his monastic community for 84 years.

Saint Soter of Rome

Also known as

Sotere, Soteris, Sotra

Profile

Young woman martyred for refusing to sacrifice to idols. Related to Saint Ambrose of Milan who wrote about her.

Born

Rome, Italy

Died

beheaded on 11 February 305 on the Via Appia, Rome, Italy

Saint Victoria of Carthage

Profile

During the persecutions of Diocletian, Victoria refused a marriage in order to devote herself to religious life. Exposed as a Christian, she was executed. Martyr.

Died

c.304 in Carthage, North Africa (modern Tunis, Tunisia)

Saint Davitus the Senator

Profile

Imperial Roman Senator. One of a group of 46 Christians arrested in Albitina, North Africa during Mass, shipped to Carthage for judgment and torture, and then died together in prison. Martyr.

Died

304

Saint Felix the Senator

Profile

Imperial Roman Senator. One of a group of 46 Christians arrested in Albitina, North Africa during Mass, shipped to Carthage for judgment and torture, and then died together in prison. Martyr.

Died

304

Saint Eutropius of Adrianopolis

Profile

Bishop of Adrianopolis, Paphlagonia, Asia Minor (modern Edirne, Turkey). Stories about him are confused, but all agree that he opposed Arianism and was persecuted by Arians.

Saint Desideratus of Clermont

Also known as

Desiderato, Désirat, Desiratus, Désiré

Profile

Sixth century bishop of Clermont, Auvergne, France.

Blessed Elizabeth Salviati

Profile

Camaldolese nun. Abbess at the convent of San Giovanni Evangelista di Boldrone in Florence, Italy.

Born

Italy

Died

1519

Saint Saturninus of Africa

Profile

Priest. Martyred in the persecutions of Diocletian.

Died

c.303 in Carthage in north Africa

Saint Secundus of Puglia

Also known as

• Secundus of Apulia

• Secundino

Profile

Fifth and sixth century bishop in the region of Puglia, Italy.

Saint Ampelius of Africa

Profile

Martyr in the persecutions of Diocletian.

Died

c.303 in Carthage in north Africa

Martyrs of Africa

Profile

A group of five Christians who were martyred together; we know nothing else but the names of four of them - Cyriacus, Oecominius, Peleonicus and Zoticus.

Also celebrated but no entry yet

• Our Lady of the Divine Commission

இன்றைய புனிதர்கள் பெப்ரவரி 10

 Blessed Alojzije Stepinac

Also known as

Aloysius Stepinac

Profile

Raised in the large Catholic Croatian family of Josip and Barbara (nee Penic) Stepinac. Graduated high school on 28 June 1916. Soldier in the Austrian army in World War I, fighting at several points in Italy. Following the collapse of the front in September 1918, he was imprisoned, then released and demobilized in December 1918.

Studied briefly at the Faculty of Agriculture in Zagreb, Croatia, but returned to work at home. He considered marriage, but realized a call to the priesthood, and began his studies in 1924. Studied at the Pontifical Germanicum-Hungaricum College, and earned doctorates in theology and philosophy at the Pontifical Gregorian University, Rome, Italy. Ordained 26 October 1930. Parish priest in the archdiocese of Zagreb. He worked especially in the poor neighbourhoods, and established the archdiocesan Caritas on 23 November 1931.

Named Co-adjutor Archbishop of Zagreb on 29 May 1934 by Pope Pius XI. Created twelve new parishes in the archdiocese, established close ties with lay associations and youth groups, promoted the Catholic press, and helped protect the rights of the Church from the Yugoslavian state. Succeeded Archbishop Bauer on 7 December 1937.

In 1936, the rise of Nazism prompted Stepinac to support a committee helping people fleeing the Reich. Instituted the Action for Assistance to Jewish Refugees in 1938. This period galvanized him a stout defender of human rights regardless of race, religion, nationality, ethnic group or social class, a fight he would continue the rest of his days. During the war, Stepinac helped hide countless people, mainly Jews, in monasteries and other Church property; some remained there throughout the war.

By 1945, Yugoslavia had replaced the oppression of the Nazis with the oppression of the Communists. Stepinac, wrote a biographer, "treated the new authorities…in accordance with the Gospel" but fought for the rights of the Church and the interests of Croatians. After publishing a letter denouncing the execution of priests by communist militants, Stepinac was arrested for the first time.

Following the Archbishop's release, Yugoslavia's new leader, Josip Broz Tito, tried to persuade him to have the Catholic Church in Croatia break from Rome. The Bishops of Yugoslavia issued a pastoral letter on 22 September 1945 in which they referred to the promises made - and broken - by the Belgrade government to respect freedom of conscience, freedom of religion, and private ownership of property. The Bishops demanded freedom for the Catholic press, Catholic schools, religious instruction, Catholic associations, and "full freedom for the human person and his inviolable rights, full respect for Christian marriage and the restitution of all confiscated properties and institutions". The state-run media launched an attack on the Church in general, and the archbishop by name.

Stepinac was tried in September 1946 for defending the unity of the Catholic Church in Croatia, and its unity with Rome. The Pope objected to this show trial, and members of the Jewish community in the United States protested, "…this great man has been accused of being a collaborator of the Nazis. We Jews deny this…. Alojzije Stepinac was one of the few men in Europe who raised his voice against the Nazi tyranny, precisely at the time when it was most dangerous to do so." On 11 October 1946, he was sentenced to 16 years of hard labour and the loss of his civil rights, such as they were.

On 5 December 1951, ill health forced the authorities to move Stepinac from prison to house arrest in Krasic. There he performed priestly functions, received visitors, and wrote more than 5,000 letters, none of which show the slightest resentment for those who persecuted him.

Created cardinal on 12 January 1953 by Pope Pius XII who called him "an example of apostolic zeal and Christian strength. [This is] to reward his extraordinary merits…and especially to honour and comfort our sons and daughters who resolutely confess their Catholic faith despite these difficult times." This apparently was too much for the Yugoslav regime who promptly broke diplomatic relations with Rome. Stepinac, however, retained his position and maintained his stance against the bullying government until his death, which may have been a murder to eliminate an annoyance to that government.

Born

8 May 1898 at Brezaric, Krasic, Croatia as Alojzije Viktor Stepinac

Died

• 10 February 1960 at Krasic, Croatia

• suffered from polycythemia rubra vera, thrombosis of the leg and bronchial catarrh, but may have been poisoned as arsenic was found in his bones during the beatification examination

Beatified

3 October 1998 by Pope John Paul II at Marija Bistrica, Croatia

Saint José Sánchez del Río

Profile

Childhood friend of Father Marcial Maciel who founded the Legionnaires of Christ and who witnessed José's death. At age 13 the boy became a flag-bearer in the Cristero army who were fighting to remain Catholic in the face of anti-religious government decrees; his two older brothers, Macario and Miguel, were soldiers, but no one would let José become a front-line soldier as he wanted. Captured by government troops, he was imprisoned, abused, mutilated, and ordered to renouce Christianity; José refused. Martyr.

Born

28 March 1913 in Sahuayo, Michoacán de Ocampo, Mexico

Died

• hacked with machetes, stabbed with bayonets and finally shot on 10 February 1928 in Sahuayo, Michoacán de Ocampo, Mexico

• interred in the Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Sahuayo

• a bone fragment relic enshrined in the church of the Immaculate Conception, Taft, Texas

Canonized

on 21 January 2016, Pope Francis promulgated a decree of a miracle received through the intercession of Blessed José

Saint Scholastica

புனிதர் ஸ்கொலாஸ்டிகா 

கன்னியர் மற்றும் சபை நிறுவனர்:

பிறப்பு: கி.பி. 480

நூர்சியா, ஊம்ப்ரியா, இத்தாலி

இறப்பு: ஃபெப்ரவரி 10, 547

மோண்ட்டே கேசினோ, இத்தாலி

ஏற்கும் சமயம்:

ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை

கிழக்கு மரபுவழி திருச்சபை

பாதுகாவல்:

வலிப்பு நோயுள்ள குழந்தைகள் (Convulsive Children), பள்ளிகள், பரிட்சைகள், மழை, இடியிலிருந்து (Invoked Against Storms and Rain), அருட்கன்னியர் (Nuns),

ஃபிரான்ஸ் நாட்டிலுள்ள “லி மன்ஸ்” (Le Mans in France)

புத்தகங்கள், வாசித்தல்

நினைவுத் திருநாள்: ஃபெப்ரவரி 10

புனிதர் ஸ்கொலாஸ்டிகா, ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க மற்றும் கிழக்கு மரபுவழி திருச்சபைகளின் புனிதராவார். ஒன்பதாம் நூற்றாண்டின் பாரம்பரியத்தின்படி, இவரும் "நூர்சியா நகரின் புனிதர் பெனடிக்ட்டும்" (St. Benedict of Nursia) இரட்டைக் குழந்தைகளாக பிறந்த சகோதரர்கள் ஆவர்.

இத்தாலி நாட்டின் நூர்சியா, ஊம்ப்ரியா (Nursia, Umbria) என்னுமிடத்தில் வசதியான பெற்றோருக்கு 480ம் ஆண்டு பிறந்த ஸ்கொலாஸ்டிகாவின் தந்தையார் பெயர், "ஆன்சியஸ் யூப்ரோபியஸ்" (Anicius Eupropius) ஆகும். தாயார், "கிளாடியா" (Claudia Abondantia Reguardati) ஆவார். ஸ்கொலாஸ்டிகா சிறு வயதிலேயே ஆலயத்தில் கடவுளுக்கு அர்ப்பணிக்கப்பட்டிருந்தார். அவருடைய சகோதரர் பெனடிக்ட் உயர் கல்விக்காக ரோம் புறப்படும்வரை தமையனும் தங்கையும் ஒன்றாகவே வளர்ந்தனர்.

அக்காலத்தில், ஸ்கொலாஸ்டிகாவின் வர்க்கமுள்ள ஒரு ரோம இளம் பெண்ணானவள் தமது தந்தையின் வீட்டில் தனது திருமணம் ஆகும்வரை இருக்கலாம்; அல்லது, அவள் துறவறம் பெற்றுச் செல்லும் வரை இருக்கலாம். ஆனால் வசதி வாய்ப்புள்ள வீட்டுப் பெண்கள் கல்வியறிவு பெற்றவர்களாயும் மரபு வழிப்படி சொத்துரிமை உள்ளவர்களாயும் இருந்தார்கள். சிலபல தருணங்களில் ஒத்தவயது பெண்கள் ஏதேனும் ஒருவரது வீட்டில் கூடி மத சமூகங்களை உருவாக்கினர். அதன்படியே ஸ்கொலாஸ்டிகாவின் வீட்டிலும் சில மத பெண்கள் தங்கியிருந்தனர். ஸ்கொலாஸ்டிகா தமது இளம் வயதிலேயே ஆண்டவருக்கு அர்ப்பணிக்கப்பட்ட பெண்ணாகையால், தந்தையின் மரணம் வரை தமது வீட்டிலேயே இருந்தார். தந்தையின் மரணத்தின் பின்னர், அவரும், அவருடன் இருந்த மத பெண்களும், அருகாமையிலுள்ள பெனடிக்டைன் துறவு மடத்திற்கு சென்றனர்.

ஸ்கொலாஸ்டிகா வருடத்தில் ஒருதடவை தமது தமையனார் பெனடிக்ட் தங்கியிருந்த மடத்தினருகே இருந்த ஒரு இடத்திற்கு சென்று அவரை சந்திப்பது வழக்கம். இருவரும் ஒன்றாக செபிப்பதிலும், வழிபடுவதிலும், புனித நூல்கள் மற்றும் பிரச்சினைகளைப் பற்றி விவாதிப்பதிலும் அந்த நாளை செலவிட்டனர்.

ஒருமுறை, சகோதரர்கள் இருவரும் அதேபோல் பெனடிக்டின் மடத்தினருகே உள்ள ஒரு வீட்டில் சந்தித்து வழிபாட்டிலும் செப காரியங்களிலும் ஈடுபட்டிருந்தனர். அன்றிரவு இரவு உணவின் பின்னர் பெனடிக்ட் தமது மடத்திற்கு புறப்பட தயாரானார். அவரது சகோதரியான ஸ்கொலாஸ்டிகா தமது மரண நாள் நெருங்குவதை உணர்ந்து, பெனடிக்ட் செல்வதை தடுத்தார். மாலைவரை தம்முடன் தங்கியிருந்து ஆராதனை மற்றும் சம்பாஷிப்பதில் ஈடுபட கேட்டுக்கொண்டார். ஆனால் பெனடிக்டோ தாம் செல்வது தவிர்க்க இயலாதது என்றார்.

தமது வேண்டுகோளை தமையன் மறுத்ததும், உடனே கண்களை மூடி, கைகளை இணைத்து கூப்பியபடி செபம் செய்ய ஆரம்பித்தார் ஸ்கொலாஸ்டிகா. அவர் செபிக்கத் தொடங்கியபோது, வானம் தெளிவாக இருந்தது. ஆனால், அவர் செபித்து முடித்ததும், உடனே அவர்கள் தங்கியிருந்த வீட்டின் வெளியே ஒரு காட்டுப் புயல் சுழற்றியடிக்க தொடங்கியது. திடீரென இடி மின்னலுடன், பெருமளவில் மழை பெய்தது, அதுமட்டுமல்ல பெனடிக்ட், அல்லது அவருடன் இருந்த அவரது துறவிகளால், அங்கிருந்து வெளியேற இயலவில்லை.

"ஆண்டவர் உன்னை மன்னிப்பாராக; நீ என்ன செய்துவிட்டாய்? என்று கேட்ட சகோதரனிடம், "இன்றிரவு என்னுடன் தங்குமாறு நான் உன்னை வேண்டினேன், நீ கேட்க மறுத்துவிட்டாய்; நான் என் கடவுளிடம் வேண்டினேன்; செவிமடுத்த அவர், என் விண்ணப்பத்தை ஏற்றுக்கொண்டார்; ஆகவே, உன்னால் இயன்றால் நீ இப்போது என்னை தனியே விட்டுவிட்டு போகலாம்; நீ தாராளமாக உன்னுடைய மடத்திற்கு போ." என்று பதிலளித்தார். பெனடிக்டால் தமது மடத்திற்கு திரும்ப இயலவில்லை. அவர்களிருவரும் அன்று இரவு முழுதும் செபிப்பதிலும், சம்பாஷிப்பதிலும் கழித்தனர்.

மூன்று நாட்களின் பிறகு, தமது சகோதரியின் ஆன்மா, ஒளிரும் வெண்ணிற புறா வடிவில் உயரே பரலோகம் பறந்து செல்வதை பெனடிக்ட் கண்டார். ஸ்கொலாஸ்டிகாவின் உடலை தமது துறவு மடத்திற்கு எடுத்துவந்த பெனடிக்ட், தமக்கென தயாரித்து வைத்திருந்த கல்லறையில் தங்கையின் உடலை அடக்கம் செய்தார்.

ஸ்கொலாஸ்டிகா, பெண்களுக்கான பெனெடிக்டைன் துறவுமட கிளை (Women's Branch of Benedictine Monasticism) ஒன்றின் நிறுவனர் ஆவார்.

Profile

Twin sister of Saint Benedict of Nursia. Born to the Italian noblility. Her mother died in childbirth. Nun. She led a community of women at Plombariola near Montecassino. See the Readings section below for Pope Saint Gregory the Great's telling of some of the stories of her life.

Born

480 in Italy

Died

• 543 of natural causes

• from his cell, Saint Benedict had a vision in which he saw her soul flying to heaven in the form of a dove

Patronage

• against lightning

• against rain

• against storms

• Benedictines

• convulsive children

• nuns

• Le Mans, France

• Monte Cassino Abbey

Representation

• nun with crozier and crucifix

• nun with dove flying from her mouth

• dove

• lily

Blessed William of Maleval

புனித_பெரிய_வில்லியம் (-1157)

இவர் (#StWilliamTheGreat) பிரான்ஸ் நாட்டைச் சார்ந்தவர்.

ஏனோதானோ என்று வாழ்ந்த இவர் ஒருமுறை உரோமைக்குச் சென்று திருத்தந்தை மூன்றாம் யூஜினைச் சந்தித்தார். அவர் இவரிடம் புனித நாடுகளுக்குத் திருபபயணம் மேற்கொள்ளுமாறு சொன்னார். இவரும் அவ்வாறே செய்தார்.

இவர் புனித நாடுகளில் ஓரிரு ஆண்டுகள் இருந்ததும், இவரது வாழ்வில் பெரிய மாற்றம் ஏற்பட்டது. ஆகவே இவர் இத்தாலிக்குத் திரும்பி வந்து, ஒரு துறவியைப் போன்று வாழத் தொடங்கினார். சிறிது காலத்திற்கு இவர் மேல்வால் (MaleVal) என்ற இடத்திற்குச் சென்று ஒரு துறவுமடம் கட்டி வாழ்ந்தார். அங்கு இவரது வாழ்க்கையைப் பார்த்துவிட்டுப் பலரும் இவரது சீடர்களாகச் சேர்ந்தார்கள். அவர்களுக்கெல்லாம் இவர் முன்மாதிரியாக இருந்து, அவர்களை நல்வழியில் வழிநடத்தி வந்தார்.

புனித அகுஸ்தீனின் ஒழுங்குமுறைகளைக் கடைப்பிடித்து வந்த இவரது சபை, பல நாடுகளுக்குப் பரவியது.‌ இவர் 1157 ஆம் ஆண்டு இறையடி சேர்ந்தார்.

இவருக்கு 1202 ஆம் ஆண்டு புனிதர் பட்டம் கொடுக்கப்பட்டது.

Also known as

• William of Guyenne

• William of Malval

• William of Malvalla

• William of Poitiers

• William the Great

• William the Hermit

• Gulielmus, Wilhelmus

Profile

William lived a wild and dissolute life as a soldier in his youth. However, at some point he began to take his religion seriously, left the military life, and made pilgrimages to the Holy Lands. He became superior of an abbey at Pisa, Italy in 1153. He failed in this position, however, and became a hermit on Mount Bruno. He attracted followers, founded a monastery in 1154, and failed again as abbot. William returned to a life as a hermit, this time around Siena, Italy in 1155 in a wilderness called "Maleval" ("evil valley"). There he attracted followers who were called Williamites, Guillemites, or the barefoot friars. They first following William's severe rule, then the Benedictine, and later the Augustinian. They spread through Italy, France, and Germany, but have not survived until today.

Born

French

Died

10 February 1157 of natural causes

Beatified

1202 (cultus confirmed) by Pope Innocent III

Patronage

• Arms manufacturers

• armourers

• blacksmiths

• tinsmiths

• Castiglione della Pescaia, Italy

• Laoag, Philippines, diocese of

• San Fernando La Union, Philippines, diocese of

Representation

• man bearing a cross staff, one arm of which ends in a crescent

• man bearing a shield with four fleur-de-lys

• man wearing a monastic habit over armour

• man with a pilgrim's staff

Blessed Clare Agolanti of Rimini

Also known as

• Chiara Agolanti

• Clara, Klara

Profile

Born to the nobility. Married twice, she spent most of her time in dissolute, sinful pleasures. When her father and brother were executed in civil disturbances, Clare changed her life completely. She became a Franciscan tertiary and founded a convent, though she never became a nun. In an attempt to make up for her earlier life, she practiced penances that were considered extreme even by 14th century standards, and once sold herself into slavery so she could use the money to buy a man out of prison; the local judge commuted the man’s sentence, had the money returned, and Clare was freed.

Legend says that once when some nuns of Rimini were freezing without fuel for their fires, Clare went into the woods, picked up a huge log, and started carrying it to the convent. A relative stopped her and said that it was beneath her dignity as a noble woman to carry wood like a servant. Clare said that if Jesus could carry great pieces of wood to Golgotha for the sake of sinners like her, she could hardly balk at carrying it for the brides of Christ.

Born

1282 at Rimini, Italy

Died

• 10 February 1344 at Rimini, Italy of natural causes

• interred at the convent she founded

Beatified

22 December 1784 by Pope Pius VI (cultus confirmed)

Blessed Alexander of Lugo

Also known as

• Alexander Baldrati

• Alexander Baldrati a Lugo

Profile

Alexander joined the Dominicans in Lugo, Italy in 1612, then studied in Faenza, Naples, and the convent of Our Lady of the Arch. Priest, assigned to Bologna, Italy soon after ordination. He worked himself so hard, in pulpit and with the needy, that he ruined his health and had to be reassigned to Venice, Italy to recover.

As part of his recovery, and to get him away from the over-work that had crushed him, he was sent by sea to the east. The ship stopped on the Greek island of Chios, and Alexander took the opportunity to preach to the locals. An apostate Christian there took the opportunity to stir up sentiment against Alexander, going to the Muslim authorities and swearing that Alexander had converted to Islam. Alexander was dragged to court, interrogated, and offered in rewards if he would bring other Dominicans to Islam. When he denied that he had ever converted to Islam, the court convicted him of being an apostate Muslim, and charged the Christian authorities of harbouring an apostate.

The archbishop and the Dominicans swore that Alexander had always been a Christian. When questioned again, Alexander denounced Islam, Mohammed, and the Koran. After an brief imprisonment, he was martyred by the Muslim authorities and local citizens.

Born

1595 in Lugo, Italy

Died

hacked to pieces and burned at the stake in 1645 on Chios Island, Greece

Saint Austrebertha of Pavilly

Also known as

Austreberta, Eustreberta, Eustreverte

Profile

Daughter of Saint Framechildis and the Count Badefrid. Her parents arranged a marriage for her for political reasons, but Austrebertha was drawn to religious life. Benedictine nun, receiving the veil from Saint Omer at Abbeville, France. Abbess at Jumieges, and at Pavilly. Miracle worker and visionary; at one point in her early life she got a foreshadow of her life - she looked at her reflection in a river and saw a veil over her head.

Born

630 at Therouanne, Artois, France

Died

• 704 at Pavilly, Normandy, France

• relics transferred to Montreuil-sur-Mer, France to keep them safe during the Norman invasion

• relics burned in the French Revolution

Patronage

Barentin, France

Representation

with a wolf (it had killed her donkey so she made it take over the donkey's duties)

Blessed Mikel Beltoja

Profile

Received theological training from Bishop Ernest Çoba of Shkodrë, Albania. Ordained on 8 December 1961 as a priest of the archdiocese of Shkodrë-Pult, Albania. When the Communist government closed all churches in Albania in March 1967, Father Mikel travelled from village to village, ministering to the people, conducting covert Masses where he could. Arrested on 19 April 1973 in Beltoje, Albania, he was imprisoned for several months, tortured and finally given a trial; he used it to speak out against the Communists and their anti–Christian persecutions. Martyr.

Born

9 May 1935 in Beltoj, Shkodrë, Albania

Died

shot by firing squad on 10 February 1974 in Shkodrë, Albania

Beatified

• 5 November 2016 by Pope Francis

• beatification celebrated at the Square of the Cathedral of Shën Shtjefnit, Shkodër, Albania, presided by Cardinal Angelo Amato

Blessed Eusebia Palomino Yenes

Profile

Born to a poor but pious family, when she old enough she had to beg to help them survive. She felt a call to religious life, but worked as a servant in a wealthy household, then a nanny in an orphanage. Religious sister in the Institute of the Daughters of Mary, Help of Christians (Salesian Sisters). She worked as a cook and maid, but her spiritual insights were obvious, and many priests, religious and laity came to her for advice. She had the gift of prophecy, and helped spread devotion to the Wounds of Christ.

Born

15 December 1899 in Cantalpino, Salamanca, Spain

Died

10 February 1935 at Valverde del Camino, Huelva, Spain of natural causes

Beatified

25 April 2004 by Pope John Paul II

Saint Soteris the Martyr

Also known as

Soteris of Rome

Profile

Wealthy 3rd century noble family. A beatiful young woman, she consecrated herself to God. Unlike other women of her day, she dressed plainly with no ornamentation so men would ignore her, and lived a quiet, simple life, forshadowing the female religious orders in years to come. Arrested and tortured in her youth during the persecutions of Decius. Released, she returned to her prayerful life only to be murdered a half-century later in the persecutions of Diocletian for refusing sacrifice to pagan gods. All records indicate that, no matter the torture, she never once cried out. Saint Ambrose of Milan claimed she was one of his ancestor, and he wrote about her.

Died

• beaten and beheaded on 10 February 304 in Rome, Italy

• buried in the Catacombs of San Callisto in Rome

Saint Charalampias

Also known as

Caralampo, Charalambos, Charalampes, Charalampios, Charalampius, Charalampos, Charalampus, Chartalampus, Haralabos, Haralambos, Haralampos, Haralampus, Kharalampos

Profile

Elderly priest in Magnesia, Asia Minor (in modern Turkey). Tortured and martyred with Saint Baptus, Saint Porphyrius of Magnesia, and three unnamed Christian women during the persecutions of Emperor Septimius Severus.

Died

• 203 in Magnesia, Asia Minor (in modern Turkey)

• skull enshrined in the monastery of Saint Stephen in Meteora in central Greece

Patronage

• against plague

• against cattle diseases

• against cholera

Blessed Catherine du Verdier de la Sorinière

Additional Memorial

2 January as one of the Martyrs of Anjou

Profile

Lay woman of the diocese of Angers, France. Martyred in the persecutions of the French Revolution.

Born

29 June 1758 in Saint-Pierre de Chemillé, Maine-et-Loire, France

Died

10 February 1794 in Avrillé, Maine-et-Loire, France

Beatified

19 February 1984 by Pope John Paul II at Rome, Italy

Blessed Marie-Anne Hacher du Bois

Additional Memorial

2 January as one of the Martyrs of Anjou

Profile

Lay woman of the diocese of Angers, France. Martyred in the persecutions of the French Revolution.

Born

3 April 1765 in Jallais, Maine-et-Loire, France

Died

10 February 1794 in Avrillé, Maine-et-Loire, France

Beatified

19 February 1984 by Pope John Paul II at Rome, Italy

Blessed Marie-Louise du Verdier de la Sorinière

Additional Memorial

2 January as one of the Martyrs of Anjou

Profile

Lay woman of the diocese of Angers, France. Martyred in the persecutions of the French Revolution.

Born

27 June 1765 in Saint-Pierre de Chemillé, Maine-et-Loire, France

Died

10 February 1794 in Avrillé, Maine-et-Loire, France

Beatified

19 February 1984 by Pope John Paul II at Rome, Italy

Blessed Hugh of Fosse

Also known as

Hugues

Profile

Priest. Disciple of Saint Norbert, and succeeded him as superior general of the Premonstratensians. Under his leadership the Order grew to 120 houses.

Born

at Fosse, Belgium

Died

• 1164 of natural causes

• relics transferred to the Cathédrale Notre-Dame of Laon, France in 1896

Beatified

13 July 1927 by Pope Pius XI (cultus confirmed)

Blessed Louise Poirier épouse Barré

Additional Memorial

2 January as one of the Martyrs of Anjou

Profile

Married lay woman of the diocese of Angers, France. Martyred in the persecutions of the French Revolution.

Born

22 February 1754 in Le Longeron, Maine-et-Loire, France

Died

10 February 1794 in Avrillé, Maine-et-Loire, France

Beatified

19 February 1984 by Pope John Paul II at Rome, Italy

Saint Trumwin of Whitby

Also known as

• Trumwin of Abercorn

• Trumwine, Trumma, Tumma, Trumwinus, Triumwini, Trumuini

Profile

Bishop of the Southern Picts in Scotland in 681; he worked from the monastery of Abercorn on the Firth of Forth. When King Egfrid was killed by the Picts in 685, Trumwin and his monks had to flee the area. Retired to spend his later years as a prayerful monk in Whitby, England.

Died

c.704 of natural causes

Blessed Paul of Wallachia

Profile

Studied law at the University of Bologna, Italy. A friend of Saint Dominic de Guzman, Paul joined the Dominicans and returned to Hungary to establish the Order there. With a group of approximately 90 others, he travelled to Wallachia, an area of modern Romania, as a missionary to the pagan Cumans. They were all martyred.

Born

Hungary

Died

c.1240 in Wallachia (in modern Romania)

Blessed Pierre Frémond

Addtional Memorial

2 January as one of the Martyrs of Anjou

Profile

Layman of the diocese of Angers, France. Martyred in the persecutions of the French Revolution.

Born

16 September 1754 in Chaudefonds, Maine-et-Loire, France

Died

10 February 1794 in Avrillé, Maine-et-Loire, France

Beatified

19 February 1984 by Pope John Paul II at Rome, Italy

Saint Baptus of Magnesia

Also known as

Bapto, Baptos, Dauktos, Dauto

Profile

Eyewitness to executions of Christians who was so moved by their courage that he examined the faith and converted. Martyred with five companions during the persecutions of Emperor Septimius Severus.

Died

203 in Magnesia, Asia Minor

Blessed Louise Bessay de la Voûte

Profile

Lay woman of the diocese of Angers, France. Martyred in the persecutions of the French Revolution.

Born

22 August 1721 in Saint-Mars-des-Prés, Vendée France

Died

10 February 1794 in Avrillé, Maine-et-Loire, France

Beatified

19 February 1984 by Pope John Paul II at Rome, Italy

Saint Porfirio

Also known as

Porfyrius, Porphyrius, Porphyry

Profile

Imperial executioner who was so moved by the courage of the Christians he was murdering that he examined the faith and converted. Martyred with five companions during the persecutions of Emperor Septimius Severus.

Died

203 in Magnesia, Asia Minor

Blessed Eusebius of Murano

Profile

Born to the Spanish nobility, he became ambassador from the Spanish throne to the Republic of Venice (in modern Italy). Leaving the worldly life, he became a Camaldolese monk at the San Michele monastery on the islands of Murano, Italy.

Born

15th century Spain

Died

1501 of natural causes

Blessed Bruno of Minden

Also known as

• Bruno of Waldeck

• Brun...

Profile

Bishop of Minden, Germany on 5 May 1037, serving for 18 years. Founded the monastery of Saint Mauritius on Werder island near Minden.

Died

10 February 1055 of natural causes

Saint Prothadius of Besançon

Also known as

Protadius, Protagius

Profile

Bishop of Besançon, France in the early 7th century.

Died

624

Saint Erluph of Werden

Also known as

Erlulph

Profile

Missionary to Germany. Bishop of Werden, Germany. Martyred by pagans.

Born

Scotland

Died

830

Saint Aponius of Bethlehem

Profile

First century convert martyred in the persecutions of King Herod Antipas.

Died

1st century Bethlehem

Saint Troiano of Saintes

Also known as

Trojan

Profile

Fifth-century bishop of Saintes, Aquitaine (in modern France).

Died

c.500

Saint Andrew of Bethlehem

Profile

First century convert martyred in the persecutions of King Herod Antipas.

Died

1st century Bethlehem

Saint Cronan of Clashmore

Profile

Martyred by pagan Danes.

Died

631 near Dublin, Ireland

Patronage

Clashmore, Ireland

Saint Derlugha of Lemmagh

Also known as

• Derlugha of Lawyn

• Darluga...

Profile

Nun.

Saint Silvanus of Terracina

Profile

Fourth-century bishop of Terracina, Italy.

Blessed Paganus

Profile

Benedictine monk in Sicily. Hermit.

Born

Italian

Died

1423

Saint Salvius of Albelda

Profile

Abbot at Albelda, Spain.

Died

962

Saint Baldegundis

Profile

Abbess of Saint-Croix in Poitiers, France.

Died

c.580

Martyred Soldiers of Rome

Profile

A group of ten Christian soldiers who were martyred together for their faith. We know little more about them but four of their names - Amantius, Hyacinth, Irenaeus and Zoticus.

Died

• 120 at Rome, Italy

• buried on the Via Lavicana outside Rome

Also celebrated but no entry yet 

• Our Lady of the Dove

• Saint Paul Shipwrecked

• William X of Aquitaine