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08 May 2021

இன்றைய புனிதர்கள் மே 8

 Apparition of Saint Michael the Archangel


It is recorded that Saint Michael, in a vision, admonished the bishop of Siponto to build a church in his honour on Mount Gargano, now called Monte-de-Sant-Angelo, in the Capitanate, near Manfredonia, in the kingdom of Naples. This history is confirmed by Sigebert in his chronicle, and by the ancient tradition of the churches of that country, and is approved authentic by the judicious critic Mabillon, who visited those places, and examined the records and monuments. This church was erected in the fifth century, and is a place of great devotion.



When the Emperor Otho III had, contrary to his word, put to death, for rebellion, Crescentius, a Roman senator; being touched with remorse, he cast himself at the feet of Saint Romuald, who, in satisfaction for his crime, enjoined him to walk barefoot, on a penitential pilgrimage, to Saint Michael's on Mount Gargano: which penance he performed in 1002, as Saint Peter Damian relates. In France, Aubert, bishop of Avranches, moved, it is said, by certain visions, built, in 708, a church in honour of Saint Michael, on a barren rock which hangs over the sea, between Normandy and Brittany. In the tenth age, this collegiate church was changed into a great Benedictin abbey. In imitation of this was the famous church of Saint Michael refounded in Cornwall, in the reign of William the Conqueror, by William earl of Moreton, on a mountain which the tide encompasses. It is said by Borlace, the learned and accurate antiquarian of Cornwall, that this church of Saint Michael was first built in the fifth century.


The Greeks mention, in their Menaea, a famous apparition of Saint Michael at Chone, the ancient Colossae in Phrygia. Many apparitions of good angels in favour of men are recorded, both in the Old and New Testament. It is mentioned in particular of this special guardian and protector of the church, that, in the persecution of Antichrist, he will powerfully stand up in her defence: At that time shall Michael rise up, the great prince, who standeth for the children of thy people. He is not only the protector of the church, but of every faithful soul. He defeated the devil by humility; we are enlisted in the same warfare. His arms were humility and ardent love of God; the same must be our weapons. We ought to regard this archangel as our leader under God: and, courageously resisting the devil in all his assaults, to cry out: Who can be compared to God?



Blessed Ulrika Fransiska Nisch


Also known as

Fransiska Dettenrieder



Profile

Oldest of eleven children born to Ulrich Nisch, who cleaned stables, and Klothilde Dettenrieder, a servant in a village inn. The couple was so poor that their families and the local authorities refused to allow their marriage; they forced the issue with the birth of Fransiska. The baby was baptized at the age of one day. Only four Fransiska's siblings reached adulthood.


Fransiska spent her early childhood in Oberdorf, Germany, raised by her grandmother and maternal aunt, Gertrud Dettenrieder. When she was returned to her parents at age seven, she had so much trouble fitting in that she eventually returned to Oberdorf to live with her aunt and finish school. Known as a pious child, Fransiska early felt a call to religious life, but beginning in 1894 she worked as a maid in serveral homes to support her family. She made her First Communion on 21 April 1895, and was confirmed later that year. In 1898 she worked at a general store and cheese factory in Sauggart, Germany. Worked at a combination bakery, brewer and tavern in Biberach, Germany in 1899. Servant in the house of a teacher in Rorschach, Switzerland in 1901.


In 1903 she began suffering from a severe form of erysipelas in 1903; in hospital she was treated by the Sisters of Charity of Holy Cross, and was so impressed by them that she followed her call to religious vocation by joining the Sisters on 17 October 1904 at the Hegne monastery in Konstanz, Germany, taking the name Ulrika in honour of her father. She spent her few remaining years working in the kitchens of several houses in her Order amd dealing with a series of deep mystical experiences.


Born

18 September 1882 in Oberdorg-Mittelbiberach, Germany as Fransiska Dettenrieder, named for a great-grandmother


Died

8 May 1913 at the Saint Elizabeth hospital in the House of Hegne, Baden-Baden, Germany of tuberculosis


Beatified

• 1 November 1987 by Pope John Paul II

• beatification celebrated at Saint Peter's Basilica, Rome, Italy by Pope John Paul II

• the beatification miracle involved the healing of incurable liver disease of Hildis Burchard Gerhards in Cologne, Germany by the intercession of Blessed Ulrika



Blessed Clara Fey

இன்றைய புனிதர் :

(08-05-2021)


புனித.கிளாரா ஃபாய் (St.Klara Foy)                                                                     துறவி, சபை நிறுவுனர்                                                                                       


பிறப்பு 11 ஏப்ரல் 1815 ஆஹன்(Aachen), ஜெர்மனி                                   


இறப்பு 8 மே 1848 சிம்பல்பெல்டு(Simpelfeld), ஹாலந்து


இவர் தனது கல்வியை முடித்தபின் துறவற சபைகளை பற்றி தெரிந்து கொள்ள பல புத்தகங்களை படித்தார். ஆஹனில் பிற ந்த இவர், தனது பங்குதந்தை பவுல் உதவியுடன், பல சமூக பணி களில் தன்னை ஈடுபடுத்தினார். சிறப்பாக இளைஞர்களிடத்தில் அதிக அன்பு காட்டினார். 1837 ஆம் ஆண்டு தனது 22 ஆம் வயதில் ஆஹனில் இளைஞர்களுக்கென்று ஓர் பள்ளியை நிறுவினார். இப்பள்ளிக்கு தேவையான உதவிகளை செய்வதற்கு, இவரின் சமூக சேவை பணிக்குழுவில் இருந்தவர்கள் முன் வந்தனர். இவ ர்கள் அனைவரும் ஒன்றாக சேர்ந்து சமூக சேவையோடு, 1844 ஆம் ஆண்டு இறைவனின் பணிகளிலும் தங்களை ஈடுபடுத்திகொ ண்டனர். இதன் விளைவாக 1848 ஆம் ஆண்டு கிளாரா ஃபாய் அவ ர்கள் "குழந்தை இயேசுவின் ஏழைகள்" என்ற சபையை நிறுவி னார். ஏராளமான ஏழை குழந்தைகளை ஒன்று சேர்த்து அவர் களை பராமரித்தார்கள் இச்சபை கன்னியர்கள். அதோடு கல்வி கற்றுக் கொடுத்து, வாழ்விற்கு வழிகாட்டி, தாய்க்குத் தாயாக இருந்து பராமரித்தார்கள். நாளடைவில் குழந்தைகளின் எண் ணிக்கை பெருகவே மீண்டும் ஓர் துறவற இல்லத்தை நிறுவி னார். இதில் பல கைவிடப்பட்ட பெண்களும், விதவைகளும் வந்து சேர்ந்தனர். கிளாரா இச்சபையை தொடங்கிய 15 ஆம் ஆண்டுகளில் ஜெர்மனி முழுவதும் 19 துறவற மடங்களை துவ ங்கினார். சில கலாச்சார வேறுபாடுகளின் அடிப்படையில் இவ ரது சபை ஹாலந்து நாட்டிலும் தொடங்கப்படவேண்டியதாக இருந்தது. இதனால் ஹாலந்து நாட்டில் ஓர் துறவற மடம் தொடங் கப்பட்டு, அந்த மடமே பிற்காலத்தில் இச்சபையின் தலைமை இல்லமாகவும் அமைந்தது. இச்சபையின் முதல் சபைத்தலைவி யாக கிளாரா ஃபாய் அவர்களே பொறுப்பேற்றார். பல ஏழை குழ ந்தைகளுக்கும், கைவிடப்பட்ட பெண்களுக்கும், விதவைகளுக் கும் தாயான இவர் இறந்தபிறகு ஹாலந்து நாட்டிலுள்ள சிம்பல் பெல்டு என்ற ஊரில் அடக்கம் செய்யப்பட்டு, இவரை முன் மாதி ரியாக கொண்டு இன்றுவரை இச்சபைத்துறவிகள் பணியா ற்றிவருகிறார்கள்


செபம்:


ஏழைகளே நீங்கள் பேறுபெற்றவர்கள் என்று மொழிந்த இயேசுவே! பெண்களின் மேல் அக்கறை கொண்டு, ஓர் சபையை நிறுவி இன்று வரை பணியாற்றிகொண்டிருக்கும் இச்சபையை நீர் நிறைவாக ஆசிர்வதியும். பெண்களின் முன்னேற்றத்தி ற்காக உழைக்கின்ற ஒவ்வொருவருக்கும் நல்ல உடல், உள்ள, ஆன்ம நலன்களை தந்து, எல்லா இடையூறுகளையும் எதிர் கொள்ள உமது சக்தியை தந்து, ஆசீர்வதித்து வழிநடத்தி யருள வேண்டுமென்று தந்தையாம் இயேசுவே உம்மை வேண்டு கிறோம்.

Also known as

Klara



Profile

Fourth of five children born to Louis and Katherine Fey; her father was a wealthy textile industrialist who died of a stroke in 1820 when Clara was five years old. The girl grew up well off, but became acutely concerned about the plight of the poor in her city. Her family was active in the Church; Clara's brother became a priest, and she was acquainted with Blessed Pauline von Mallinckrodt and Blessed Franziska Schervier. In 1835 she began reading the work of Saint Teresa of Ávila, and was drawn to Carmelite spirituality. In 1837 she and some like-minded friends she set up a school for poor children in Aachen, Germany. In 1841, following the recommendation of her spiritual director, she began studying the work of Saint Francis de Sales. Founded the Sisters of the Poor Child Jesus on 2 February 1844 in Aachen with a Rule based on the teaching of Saint Augustine, and with a mission to educate children in religion and in secular matters in a religious environment; Mother Clara served the rest of her life as their first superior. She received diocesan approval on 28 January 1848 and made her profession in 1850. The Sisters received a papal decree of praise on 11 July 1862 from Pope Pius IX; in 1875, during the anti–Catholic German Kulturkampf, the Sisters moved to Simpelveld, Netherlands, though there are plans to move back to Aachen in the near future; they received full papal approval from Pope Leo XIII on 15 June 1888, and continue their good work today with over 500 sisters in 12 nations of Europe, South America, and Asia.


Born

11 April 1815 in Aachen, North Rhein-Westphalia, Germany


Died

8 May 1894 in Simpelveld, Limburg, Netherlands of natural causes


Beatified

• 5 May 2018 by Pope Francis

• beatification recognition celebrated at the cathedral of Aachen, North Rhein-Westphalia, Germany


Patronage

Sisters of the Poor Child Jesus




Blessed Teresa Demjanovich


Also known as

Sister Miriam Teresa



Profile

One of five children born to Alexander and Johanna Demjanovich, emmigrants to the United States from an area of the Austro-Hungarian empire that is in modern Slovakia. Raised in the Byzantine-Ruthenian rite. Valedictorian of her high school class. Teacher at the Saint Aloysius Academy in Jersey City, New Jersey, and then in the city's public high school. Entered the Congregation of the Sisters of Charity of Saint Elizabeth in 1925 and died there two years later. In 1928, Sister Miriam's spiritual conferences, Greater Perfection and paved the way for her Cause as they showed the pilgrimage to God of a woman living in modern America.


Born

26 March 1901 in Bayonne, New Jersey


Died

8 May 1927 in Convent Station, New Jersey of complications follwing appendicitis


Beatified

• 4 October 2014 by Pope Francis

• beatification celebrated at the Cathedral Basilica of the Sacred Heart, Newark, New Jersey, presided by Cardinal Angelo Amato




Blessed Henri Vergès


Also known as

Enric Vergés



Profile

Educated from age 12 by the Marist Brothers of the Schools, he studied in Espirá de l'Aglí and Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux in France. Enric joined the Marists himself in 1945, and made his perpetual vows on 26 August 1952. Elementary school teacher in Nimes, France in 1947. The combination of work, study and Marist frugality led to health problems, and in 1950 Henri had to spend time in hospital in Osséja, France. Teacher in Le Cheylard, France in 1952. Novice instructor in Aubenas and Bordeaux in France. Sub-master of the novices at Notre-Dame de Lacabane, Corrèze, France from 1958 to 1966. Marist superior in Bourg-de-Péage and Ganges in France. Delegate to the Marist general chapter in 1967. Received a degree in philosophy in Montpellier, France in 1968. After studying Arabic, he was appointed director of the Saint-Bonaventure school in Algiers from 1969 till 1976 when the school was nationalized by the Algerian government. Professor of mathematics at the school of Sour-El-Ghozlane from 1976 to 1988. Director of the library of the Archdiocese of Algiers on Ben Cheneb Street in the casbah from 1988 until his death. Murdered by Muslim fundamentalists. Martyr.


Born

15 July 1930 in Matemale, Pyrénées-Orientales, France


Died

• shot twice in the head on 8 May 1994 in the Archdiocese library in Algiers, Algeria

• buried in Algiers on 12 May 1994


Beatified

8 December 2018 by Pope Francis



Pope Saint Boniface IV


Profile

Son of a physician named John. Student under Saint Gregory the Great. Benedictine monk at the Saint Sebastian Abbey in Rome, Italy. Served as deacon under Saint Gregory the Great; dispenser of alms and patrimonies. Chosen 67th Pope in 608.



Converted the Roman temple of the old gods, the Pantheon, to a Christian church dedicated to Our Lady and all the Martyrs in 609, the first such conversion of a temple from pagan to Christian use in Rome. Supported the expansion of the faith into England, and met with the first bishop of London. Encouraged reforms among the clergy, and balanced it with improvements in their living and working conditions. Corresponded with Saint Columba. Worked to alleviate the sufferings in Rome due to famine and the disease that follows it. Late in life he converted his own house into a monastery and lived there, dividing his time between his papal work and life as a prayerful monk.


Born

c.550 at Valeria, Abruzzi, Italy


Papal Ascension

25 August 608


Died

• 615 at Rome, Italy of natural causes

• relics moved c.1100

• relics moved in the late 13th century by order of Pope Boniface VIII

• relics re-interred in Saint Peter's Basilica, Rome, Italy on 21 October 1603



Blessed Paul-Hélène Saint Raymond


Also known as

Madame Encyclopédie



Profile

Eighth of ten children born into a pious family. Paul-Hélène studied engineering at the Sorbonne in Paris, France, but felt a call to religious life, and joined the Little Sisters of the Assumption in 1952, making her final vows in 1960. Family social worker in Creil, France from 1954 until 1957 when she began studying to be a nurse. She worked as a nurse in poor, working class neigbbourhoods in Rouen, France. Assigned to work as a nurse and social worker in Algeria in 1964 where she served for 30 years. She is remembered as intelligent, educated, helpful, generous, prayerful, and honest to the point of sometimes being blunt and tactless. Retiring from medical and social work, she assisted Blessed Henri Vergès at the archdiocese library where she was known for welcoming children and teenagers. Murdered by Muslim fundamentalists who entered the library disguised as police officers. Martyr.


Born

24 January 1927 in Paris, France


Died

• shot in the neck on 8 May 1994 in the Archdiocese library on Ben Cheneb Street in the Kasbah in Algiers, Algeria

• funeral Mass celebrated at the Basilica of Our Lady of Africa


Beatified

8 December 2018 by Pope Francis



Our Lady of Luján


Profile

The Virgin is a two feet tall terracotta statue of Our Lady. It was made in Brazil and sent to Argentina in May 1630. Its original appearance seemed inspired by Murillo's Immaculates. In 1887, to preserve and protect it, the image was given a solid silver covering. It is usually clothed with a white robe and sky blue cloak, the colors of the Argentinian flag. Only the dark oval face with big blue eyes and the hands folded in prayer are now visible.



Tradition says that an ox-drawn wagon was taking the statue from Buenos Aires to Santiago del Estero. The animals stopped at the Luján River and refused to cross. Through trial and error the teamsters discovered that it the box with the Virgin was in the wagon, the oxen would not move; if it was removed, then away they went. After testing this several times, the people realized that Our Lady wanted to stay in Luján, and so she is there today.


The image was first taken to the nearby home of Don Rosendo. He built a primitive chapel for it which lasted 40 years. A bigger shrine was completed in 1685. A new sanctuary was built in the 19th century. The image was crowned canonically in 1887. In 1930 Pope Pius XII gave the sanctuary the title of Basilica.


Patronage

• Agentina (proclaimed on 8 September 1930 Pope Pius XI)

• Argentinian military chaplains

• Paraguay

• Uruguay



Saint Acacius of Byzantium


Also known as

• Acacius of Constantinople

• Acato of Avila

• Acathius

• Achatius of Byzantium

• Agathius of Byzantium

• Agathus of Byzantium

• Agazio (in Calabria)

• Cuenca (in Spain)



Additional Memorial

• 16 January (translation of relics)

• 17 April (Orthodox calendar)


Profile

Christian centurian in the imperial Roman army stationed in Thrace. Tortured and executed in the persecutions of Diocletian. Several churches in Constantinople dedicated to him, including one dedicated by Constantine the Great. One of the Fourteen Holy Helpers.


Born

Cappadocian


Died

tortured, scourged, and beheaded c.303 in Constantinople


Patronage

• against headaches

• soldiers




Saint Victor Maurus


Also known as

• Victor the Moor

• Viktor; Vittore; Vittorio



Profile

Soldier in the Roman Praetorian Guard. A Christian from his youth, Victor lived in quiet praise of God. Around 303, the elderly Victor was arrested in Milan, Italy in the persecutions of Maximian. He was tortured for his faith, basted in molten lead, and killed. Martyr. Saint Gregory of Tours wrote of miracles that occurred at Victor's grave.


Born

3rd century in Mauretania, Africa


Died

• beheaded c.303

• buried outside Milan, Italy

• a church was later erected over the grave

• relics translated in 1576 to an Olivetan church dedicated to him in Milan


Patronage

• Asigliano, Italy

• Balangero, Italy

• Borghetto, Italy

• Canale, Italy

• Caselle Torinese, Italy

• Feletto, Italy

• Odolengo, Italy

• Quagliuzzo, Italy

• Rho, Italy

• San Vittore Olona, Italy

• Varese, Italy

• Verbania, Italy




Saint Amatus Ronconi


Also known as

Amato



Profile

Born to a wealthy family, Amatus was orphaned when very young and grew up in the home of his older brother Giacomo. Feeling a call to live according to the gospel, he devoted himself to caring for the poor and helping pilgrims. Franciscan tertiary. Constructed combination chapel and shelters for pilgrims including the Beato Amato Ronconi Nursing Home which still exists. Made four pilgrimages to Santiago de Compostela in Spain. Benedictine lay brother.


Born

c.1225 in Saludécio, Rimini, Italy


Died

• 8 May 1292 in Saludécio, Rimini, Italy of natural causes

• interred in the chapel shelters he had built

• relics transferred to the Pieve di San Biagio in May 1330 after the chapel shelters were destroyed by fire


Beatified

• 17 April 1776 by Pope Pius VI (cultus confirmation)

• 9 October 2013 by Pope Francis (decree of heroic virtues)


Canonized

23 November 2014 by Pope Francis


Patronage

Saludécio, Italy




Blessed Aloysius Luis Rabata


Profile

Carmelite priest. Prior of the reformed convent in Randazzo, Italy.



Born

c.1430 at Erice, Sicily


Died

• murdered in 1490 in Trapani, Italy by a head wound

• before he died he forgave his attacker, and refused to say who it was for fear the person would be punished

• buried under the main altar at the church at the Carmelite convent in Trapani

• some relics transferred to Sicily in 1617

• relics transferred to an urn under the altar of the Assumption in the basilica of Santa Maria on 13 August 1913


Beatified

10 December 1841 by Pope Gregory XVI (cultus confirmed)



Saint Ida of Nivelles


Also known as

• Ida of Metz

• Iduberga; Ita; Itta; Itte



Profile

Daughter of Bishop Arnoald of Metz. Sister of Saint Modoald of Trier and Saint Severa. Married to Saint Pepin of Landen. Mother of Saint Gertrude of Nivelles, Saint Begga of Ardenne, and Grimoald, mayor of the palace. Grandmother of Pepin of Herstal. Friend of Saint Amand of Maastricht. Widowed, she built a Benedictine double monastery at Nivelles, Belgium under the leadership of her daughter, Saint Gertrude; Ida spent the rest of her life there as a nun.


Born

592


Died

8 May 652 in Nivelles, Belgium of natural causes


Patronage

• against erysipelas; erysipelas patients

• against toothache; toothache sufferers



Pope Saint Benedict II


Profile

Son of John. Studied at the schola cantorum, and was early known as a Bible scholar; noted singer, too. Priest, known for his care for the poor. Pope; the delay in his ascension was caused by waiting for imperial confirmation.


Obtained the decree that abolished imperial confirmation of popes. Adopted Constantine's two sons. Fought Monothelitism, and worked with Spanish bishops to restore orthodoxy in their dioceses. Restored many churches in Rome, and endowed deaconries to care for the poor.



Born

at Rome, Italy


Papal Ascension

• elected in 683

• ascended on 26 June 684


Died

• 8 May 685

• buried at Saint Peter's Basilica, Rome, Italy



Blessed Angelo of Massaccio


Also known as

• Angelo of Cupramontana

• Angel...


Profile

Camaldolese monk at the Santa Maria della Serra monastery near Cupramontana, Italy. Prior of his house. Priest. Martyr by Berlotani heretic wood cutters when he chastised them for ignoring the Sabbath.


Born

late 14 century in Massaccio (modern Cupramontana), Italy


Died

• hit with an axe c.1458 near the monastery of Santa Maria della Serra near Cupramontana, Italy

• by 1492 he was interred under the altar in the church at Santa Maria della Serra, now known as the church of Sant Angelo


Beatified

27 September 1842 by Pope Gregory XVI (cultus confirmation)


Patronage

Cupramontana, Italy



Saint Desideratus of Bourges


Also known as

Desire, Dezydery, Desiderato


Profile

His was a pious family; his parents turned their home into a hospital, and his brothers, Deodato and Didier, died as a martyrs. Desideratus was a courtier and advisor to king Clotaire. Fought simony and heresy. He wished to retire to life as a monk, but was chosen to serve as bishop of Bourges, France in 541. Attended the 5th Council of Orleans in 549, and the 2nd Council of Auvergne. Fought against Nestorianism.


Born

Soissons, France


Died

• 8 May 550 of natural causes

• buried in the basilica of Sant'Ursino, Bourges, France, the building of which he began



Saint Metrone of Verona


Also known as

Metro, Metron, Metronius



Profile

8th-century penitent who chained himself to a stone in front of the cathedral of Verona, Italy, threw the key into Adige River, and lived there on the street for seven years in penance. The key to his chains was found in the belly of a fish by two fishermen who took the key to the local bishop. The bishop took the return to the key as a sign, freed Metrone from his chains, and welcomed him to active Communion in the Church.


Died

• miracles reported at his grave

• relics enshrined in Verona, Italy



Saint Otger of Utrecht


Also known as

Odger; Odgero; Oteger


Profile

Worked with Saint Wiro of Utrecht to found a monastery at Odilienburg, Netherlands.


Born

England


Died

• c.746 of natural causes

• relics in Odilienberg, France

• relics taken to Roermond, Netherlands in 1361

• relics disappeared during the time of the Protestant Reformation

• relics re-discovered in 1594

• relics re-enshrined in 1881




Saint Wiro of Utrecht


Also known as

Wirone


Profile

Bishop of Utrecht, Netherlands. One of the Apostles of Frisia. He and his two companions founded a monastery at Odiliënberg, Netherlands.


Born

British Isles (location varies from source to source)


Died

• c.753 of natural causes

• buried in Roermond, Netherlands

• tomb re-discovered in August 1881



Blessed Raymond of Toulouse



Profile

Son of the Count de Montfort. Cousin of Blessed George of Lauria. While on pilgrimage to the Marian shrine of Montserrat, Raymond decided to join the Mercedarians, and took the habit at the convent of Santa Eulalia in Barcelona, Spain. Zealous preacher. Created cardinal-priest in 1335 by Pope Benedict XII.



Saint Gibrian


Also known as

Abran, Gybrian, Gobrian, Gibriano


Profile

Brother of Saint Tressan, Saint Helan, Saint Germanus, Saint Abran, Saint Petran, Saint Franca, Saint Promptia, and Saint Possenna. Hermit in Brittany in northern France. Priest. Worked with Saint Remigius.


Born

Ireland


Died

c.515



Blessed Domenico di San Pietro




Profile

Mercedarian. Helped ransom 187 Christians held in slavery by North African Moors.



Blessed Pietro de Alos



Profile

Mercedarian. Helped ransom 187 Christians held in slavery by North African Moors.



Saint Helladius of Auxerre


Profile

Bishop of Auxerre, France for 30 years. Converted Saint Amator, his successor as bishop, to the faith.


Died

387 of natural causes



Saint Arsenio of Scetis



Profile

Deacon. Hermit at Mount Scetis, Egypt.


Born

4th century


Died

5th century



Saint Martin of Saujon


Profile

Sixth century priest, monk and abbot in Saujon, Saintes, France.



Saint Peter of Besançon


Profile

Bishop of Besançon, France.



St. Victor the Moor


Feastday: May 8

Patron: of Varese, Italy

Death: 303



Martyr executed at Nicomedia, with a group, including Zoticus,Antoninus, Theonas, Chrysophorus, Severian, Acyndius, Zeno, and Caesareus. They were mentioned in the apocryphal Acts of St. George.


Victor the Moor (in Latin: Victor Maurus) (born 3rd century in Mauretania; died ca. 303 in Milan) was a native of Mauretania and a Christian martyr, according to tradition, and is venerated as a saint. Victor, born into a Christian family, was a soldier in the Roman Praetorian Guard. After he had destroyed some pagan altars, he was arrested, tortured, and killed around 303.


Veneration


Statue of St Victor in Museo del Duomo, Milan. Unknown Milanese sculptor, last decade of 15th century

Gregory of Tours claimed miracles occurred above his grave; a church was built above the supposed site. His cause was promoted by Saint Ambrose, fourth-century bishop of Milan and numerous churches have been dedicated to him in the city itself and throughout the Diocese of Milan and its neighbours.


His memorial day is May 8 in the Roman Catholic Church and the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America.




St. Odrian


Feastday: May 8

Death: 5th century


 

One of the first bishops of Waterford, Ireland. Waterford was part of an ancient deanery system at the time, ruled by abbot bishops. Odrian was a prelate.




Bl. Miriam Teresa Demjanovich


Feastday: May 8

Patron:

Birth: 1901

Death: 1927

Beatified: Pope Francis on October 4, 2014, in Newark, New Jersey


Miriam Teresa Demjanovich was born March 26, 1901 in Bayonne, New Jersey. She was the youngest of seven children and received her baptism, confirmation and her first Holy Communion in the Byzantine Ruthenian rite of her immigrant parents.


By the time she graduated from Bayonne High School in January 1917, she felt a calling to become a Carmelite, but remained home to care for her ailing mother.


When her mother died the following November, her family encouraged Miriam to attend the College of Saint Elizabeth at Convent Station, New Jersey. She decided to attend and graduated with the highest honors in 1923 with a literature degree.


Miriam continued to long for a religious life, but was unsure of which community to enter. While she decided, she accepting a teaching position at the Academy of Saint Aloysius in Jersey City. Several noted her humility and genuine piety, as she was often discovered kneeling in the college chapel. Her devotion to praying the rosary was also observed by many.


In her first year teaching, Miriam joined the Saint Vincent de Paul Parish choir, the Blessed Virgin Sodality, and was a member of a parish community associated with the National Catholic Welfare Conference.


All summer and fall of 1924, Miriam prayed for discernment and asked God for direction. She attempted to join the Discalced Carmelite nuns in the Bronx, New York, but was told to wait a few years due to various health issues she suffered.




During that year's Feast of the Immaculate Conception, she made a novena. On December 8, she believed she was being called to enter the Sisters of Charity of St. Elizabeth and planned to enter the convent February 2, 1925.


Unfortunately, Miriam's father passed away after catching a cold. Even if he had been well, Miriam's entrance was delayed nearly two weeks - February 11, 1925, the Feast of Our Lady of Lourdes.


When Miriam was ready to enter the convent, her brother, Charles Demjanovich, who was a priest, and two of her sisters accompanied her.


She was admitted to the novitiate of the religious congregation and received the religious habit on May 17, 1925.


As she never received an official transfer of rite, she remained a Byzantine Rite Catholic during her time as a Religious Sister in a Roman Rite congregation.


The following year, her spiritual leader, Father Benedict Bradley, asked her to write the conferences for the novitiate. She wrote twenty-six conferences, which were published following her death in a collection called Greater Perfection.


In 1926, Miriam became very ill and was forced to undergo a tonsillectomy. She was severely weak and required help to return to the convent. A few days later, she volunteered to help in the infirmary, but was told to "pull [herself] together."


Father Bradley worried over her health and called her brother, who then called his sister who was a nurse.


Miriam's sister took one look at Miriam and took her straight to a hospital, where she was diagnosed with "physical and nervous exhaustion, with myocarditis and acute appendicitis."


Miriam was quite weak and the doctors feared she would not survive an operation so they waited.


Unfortunately, her condition worsened.


It was not until May 6, 1927 than Miriam had an operation for the appendicitis. Unfortunately, she passed away two days later on May 8.


Miriam's funeral was held May 11, 1927 at Holy Family Chapel in Convent Station, New Jersey and she was buried at Holy Family Cemetery on the motherhouse of the Sisters of Charity of St. Elizabeth grounds.


Years later, Miriam was beatified by Pope Francis on October 4, 2014. Her beatification was celebrated at the Cathedral Basilica of the Sacred Heart, Newark, New Jersey and was presided by Cardinal Angelo Amato.


Miracles attributed to Miriam include the healing of a blind boy's eyes in 1963. The Vatican approved of his restored sight as a miracle accomplished through the intercession of Miriam in 2013.


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Miriam Teresa Demjanovich (March 26, 1901 – May 8, 1927) was an American Ruthenian Catholic Sister of Charity who has been beatified by the Catholic Church. The beatification ceremony was the first to take place in the United States.





St. Maria Magdalen of Canossa


Feastday: May 8

Birth: 1774

Death: 1835

Canonized: Pope John Paul II



Foundress of the Daughters of Charity at Verona, Italy. Born in 1774, she was the daughter of the Marquis of Canossa, who died when Maria Magdalen was three. Her mother abandoned the family, and Maria Magdalen managed her father's estate until she was thirty-three, then founding her institute. When she died, her Daughters of Charity were widespread. She was canonized in 1988 by Pope John Paul II.



St. Indract


Feastday: May 8

Death: 710


Irish chieftain and martyr, also called Indractus. He was possibly murdered with his sister, St. Dominica, while returning home from a pilgrimage from Rome. Another tradition states that they were slain by Saxons near Glastonbury where their relics were thereafter preserved.


Indract or Indracht was an Irish saint who, along with his companions, was venerated at Glastonbury Abbey, a monastery in the county of Somerset in south-western England. In the High Middle Ages Glastonbury tradition held that he had been an Irish pilgrim — a king's son – on his way back from Rome who was molested and killed by a local thegn after he had stopped off to visit the shrine of St Patrick. This tradition synchronised his life with that of King Ine (688–726), though historian Michael Lapidge has argued that he is most likely to represent a 9th-century abbot of Iona named Indrechtach ua Fínnachta.


The cult seems to date from the late 10th or early 11th century, though this is uncertain. There is one main extant account, the anonymous 12th century Passio sancti Indracti. An earlier text written in Old English is said to have existed and been used by the writer of the Passio. There is also evidence that the 12th-century historian William of Malmesbury wrote his own saint's life, and although now lost it may also have used the Old English text. In the 14th century a St Alban's monk added significant new material of probable Cornish origin, mentioning a sister named Dominica and some miracles.




St. Dionysius


Feastday: May 8

Death: 193


Bishop of Vienne, in Dauphine, France, successor of St. Justus. He was one of the ten missionaries sent with St. Peregrinus to Gaul, by Pope St. Sixtus I.



St. Abran


Feastday: May 8

Death: 515


Hermit also called Gibrian. From Ireland, Abran, the eldest of five brothers and three sisters, sailed to Brittany with his siblings. There all of them continued their hermitages and greatly influenced the people of the area. Abran and his brothers and sisters were all declared saints.


Saint Abran (Breton for 'Abraham'), also known as Gibrian, was a 6th-century Irish hermit in Brittany.


He was born in Ireland and with eight of his siblings travelled to Brittany. St. Abran and his siblings chose a life of devotion to the God in the consecrated religious life. He lived in a hermitage on the Marne River, which had been given to him by Saint Remigius.


Abran and his siblings are all considered saints for their positive Christian influence upon the Breton people.


Saint Abran's feast day is 8 May on the Western Rite Orthodox and Roman Catholic Church calendars.




† இன்றைய புனிதர் †

(மே 8)


✠ டரென்டைஸ் நகர் புனிதர் பீட்டர் ✠

(St. Peter of Tarentaise)


டரென்டைஸ் பேராயர்:

(Archbishop of Tarentaise) 


பிறப்பு: கி.பி. 1102

புனித மௌரிஸ்-இ'எக்ஸில், ஃபிரான்ஸ்

(Saint-Maurice-l'Exil, France)


இறப்பு: செப்டம்பர் 14, 1174 (வயது 72)

பெல்லேவாக்ஸ் துறவுமடம், ஃபிரான்ஸ்

(Bellevaux Abbey, France)


ஏற்கும் சமயம்: 

ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை

(Roman Catholic Church)


புனிதர் பட்டம்: மே 10, 1191

திருத்தந்தை மூன்றாம் செலேஸ்டின்

(Pope Celestine III)


நினைவுத் திருநாள்: மே 8


பாதுகாவல்:

டரென்டைஸ் (Tarentaise)


புனிதர் பீட்டர் (Saint Peter of Tarentaise) ஒரு ஃபிரெஞ்ச் ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க துறவு மடாதிபதியும் (French Roman Catholic abbot), கி.பி. 1141ம் ஆண்டு முதல், தமது மரணம் வரை “டரென்டைஸ்” (Tarentaise) உயர்மறைமாவட்ட பேராயராக பணியாற்றியவருமாவார்.


அவரது குழந்தை பருவத்திலும், இளமை பருவத்திலும் அவர் பிறருக்கு முன்மாதிரியாக வாழ்ந்தார். அவரது பெற்றோர் மற்றும் உடன்பிறந்தவர்கள் அனைவருமே மத வாழ்க்கையில் அவரைப் பின்பற்றினர். அவர் ஒரு புதிய துறவு மடத்தின் மடாதிபதியாக பணியாற்றினார். புனிதர் பெர்னார்ட் (Saint Bernard of Clairvaux) உள்ளிட்ட உயர் பொருப்பிலிருந்தவர்கள் இவரை உயர் பதவிகளை ஏற்குமாறு வற்புறுத்தினர். ஆனால் இவர் அவற்றையெல்லாம் மறுத்தார். ஆனால் அவரது இதயம், அவரது எளிய மற்றும் பக்தியான வாழ்க்கைக்காக, ஒரு துறவி என்ற இழப்புக்காக துபுற்றது. அவர் ஒருமுறை கான்வென்ட் வரை ஓடி வந்து, மறைந்து வாழ முயற்சித்தார். அவர் ஊழல் மற்றும் ஒழுக்கங்கெட்ட குருக்கள் அனைவரையும் அகற்றினார். ஏழைகளுக்கும், வீடற்றவர்களுக்கும் உதவும் நல்லெண்ணத்தில், அவர் கடுமையான வானிலைகளின்போது, தனது சொந்த வாழ்க்கையை ஆபத்திற்குள்ளாக்கி இருந்துள்ளார்.


பியர்ரே (Pierre) எனும் இயற்பெயர் கொண்ட பீட்டர், கி.பி. 1102ம் ஆண்டு, ஃபிரான்ஸ் நாட்டின் "ரோன்-ஆல்ப்ஸ்" மலைகளின் (Rhône-Alpes mountains) நகர்ப் பகுதியொன்றில் பிறந்தார். "சிஸ்டர்சியன் துறவியர் சபையில்" (Cistercian monastic order) இணைந்த இவர், கி.பி. 1132ம் ஆண்டு, "டமீ" (Tamié) என்னுமிடத்திலுள்ள துறவு மடத்தின் மடாதிபதியானார்.


1142ம் ஆண்டு, "டரென்டைஸ்" உயர் மறை மாவட்டத்தின் (Archbishop of Tarentaise) பேராயர் பதவியை தயக்கத்துடன் ஏற்றுக்கொண்டார். ஒரு துறவு மடாதிபதியாக தாம் கற்றுக்கொண்ட "சிஸ்டர்சியன் கொள்கைகளை" (Cistercian principles) சிதைந்து கொண்டிருந்த தமது மறை மாவட்டத்தில் நடைமுறைப்படுத்தினார். அதில் வெற்றியும் கண்டார்.


இவர் ஸ்விட்சர்லாந்து (Switzerland) மற்றும் இத்தாலி (Italy) நாடுகளினிடையே பயணம் செய்பவர்களின் நலன்களிலும் அக்கறை காட்டினார். பொதுவாகவே, பீட்டர் தமது ஆயர் பதவியினால் மகிழ்ச்சியுடன் காணப்படவில்லை. அவர் அடிக்கடி காணாமலும் போனார். இடையில் ஒரு வருடம் (1155) அவர் காணாமல் போய் ஸ்விட்சர்லாந்தின் ஒரு தொலைதூர துறவியர் மடத்தில் காணப்பட்டார் என்பர்.


ஃபிரான்ஸ் நாட்டின் அரசன் ஏழாம் லூயிஸ் (King Louis VII of France) மற்றும் இங்கிலாந்தின் அரசன் இரண்டாம் ஹென்றி (King Henry II of England) ஆகியோரிடையே நடந்த பேச்சுவார்த்தைகளில் திருத்தந்தை மூன்றாம் அலெக்சாண்டரின் (Pope Alexander III) சார்பில் பீட்டர் கலந்துகொண்டார். ஒருமுறை அதேபோன்றதொரு பேச்சுவார்த்தையில் கலந்துகொண்டு திரும்புகையில், ஃபிரான்ஸின் "பெல்லேவாக்ஸ்" (Monastery at Bellevaux) துறவு மடத்தில் மரித்தார்.


Saint of the Day 


(May 08) 


✠ St. Peter of Tarentaise ✠ 


Archbishop of Tarentaise: 


Born: 1102 AD

Saint-Maurice-l 'Exil, Kingdom of France 


Died: September 14, 1174 (Aged 72)

Bellevaux Abbey, Cirey, Franche-Comté, Kingdom of France 


Venerated in: Roman Catholic Church 


Canonized: May 10, 1191

Pope Celestine III 


Feast Day: May 08 


Patronage: Tarentaise 


Saint Pierre de Tarentaise was a French Roman Catholic Cistercian who served as the Archbishop of Tarentaise from 1141 until his death. 


St. Peter of Tarentaise was born in 1102 near Vienne, France. When he was 20, he entered the Cistercian Order, convincing his family to join him. Two brothers and his father entered the religious community of Bonnevaux with him, and his sister became religious. 


Ten years after his entry, Peter was sent to found a new house in Switzerland, in the Tarentaise mountains. He also opened a hospital, which served as a guest house for travellers through the mountains. 


In 1442, Peter was appointed as Archbishop of Tarentaise. Although he was the happiest living the simple life of a monk, he accepted at the urging of St. Bernard and other monks in his order. As bishop, Peter reformed the diocese and began programs to provide education and food to the poor. His tradition of donating food, called “My Bread,” lasted until the French Revolution in 1789. 


Peter performed many miraculous healings as a bishop, but after 13 years, he fled his diocese disguised as a lay brother and went to a Cistercian abbey in Switzerland. He hid there for about a year until he was discovered and his superiors forced him to return to Tarentaise. 


When the anti-pope Victor and the true Pope Alexander III were at strife, Peter was one of the only major Church voices to support Alexander’s claim, even going against the emperor Frederick Barbarossa. Pope Alexander III recognized Peter’s loyalty and holiness and sent him to reconcile King Louis VII of France and Henry II of England. Shortly after an unsuccessful reconciliation attempt, St. Peter died of an illness in 1175. He was canonized in 1191. 


St. Peter of Tarentaise, you tried to run away from your duties as a bishop, but became known as a man of great peace—pray for us!

07 May 2021

இன்றைய புனிதர்கள் மே 7

 St. Liudhard


Feastday: May 7

Death: 600



Bishop and chaplain to Queen Bertha, daughter of King Charibert of Paris, France. When Bertha went to England to marry King Ethelbert of Kent, Liudhard accompanied her. He played an important role in King Ethelbert's conversion and Baptism by St. Augustine of Canterbury. Liudhard, also called Liphard and Letard, was buried at Canterbury.


Liudhard (Old English: Lēodheard; modern French: Létard, also Letard in English) was a Frankish bishop – of where is unclear – and the chaplain of Queen Bertha of Kent, whom she brought with her from the continent upon her marriage to King Æthelberht of Kent. A short ways east of Canterbury he helped found and dedicate to Saint Martin of Tours the first Christian Saxon church in England, St Martin's, still serving as the oldest church in the English-speaking world.


He is believed to have died in the late 590s, soon after the arrival of Saint Augustine with the Gregorian mission, but Bede fails to mention him in any detail. He was originally buried in St Martin's Church, but Archbishop Laurence of Canterbury had his remains removed and buried in the Abbey Church of St Peter and St Paul in the early 7th century. He was regarded locally as a saint, and Goscelin recounts the story of a miracle he performed to help the eleventh-century artist and abbot Spearhafoc, who in thanks adorned his tomb, with "statues of enormous size and beauty" of the saint and Bertha.


According to Goscelin, while Spearhafoc was working on metal figures at St Augustine's Abbey in Canterbury, he lost a valuable ring given him by Edward's queen, and Godwin's daughter, Edith of Wessex, presumably as materials to use in his project.[1] In his distress, he prayed to Liudhard, after which the ring was found. In gratitude, he adorned Liudhard's tomb with the statues. From other mentions it would seem such a description would mean the statues were at least approaching life-size.[2] Also according to Goscelin and William of Malmesbury, Liudhard "was especially good at speedily responding to appeals for rain", for which purpose his remains would be carried in procession to the fields.[3]


A coin or "medalet", known as the Liudhard medalet, bearing his name was found in the 19th century in a grave in Canterbury, and is the earliest Anglo-Saxon coin, though it may not have been used as money in the normal way. The design is clearly based on contemporary Continental coins, but has unusual features




Saint Rose Venerini

† இன்றைய புனிதர் †

(மே 7)


✠ புனிதர் ரோஸ் வெநேரினி ✠

(St. Rose Venerini)


நிறுவனர் மற்றும் பெண்கள் கல்வியில் முன்னோடி:

(Foundress and Pioneer in the Education of Women)


பிறப்பு: ஃபெப்ரவரி 9, 1656 

விடெர்போ, திருத்தந்தையர் மாநிலம்

(Viterbo, Papal States)


இறப்பு: மே 7, 1728 (வயது 72)

ரோம், திருத்தந்தையர் மாநிலம்

(Rome, Papal States)


ஏற்கும் சமயம்:

ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை

(Roman Catholic Church)


முக்திபேறு பட்டம்: மே 4, 1952

திருத்தந்தை பன்னிரெண்டாம் பயஸ்

(Pope Pius XII)


புனிதர் பட்டம்: அக்டோபர் 15, 2006

திருத்தந்தை பதினாறாம் பெனடிக்ட்

(Pope Benedict XVI)


நினைவுத் திருநாள்: மே 7


புனிதர் ரோஸ் வெநேரினி, பதினேழாம் நூற்றாண்டில் இத்தாலியின் பெண்கள் மற்றும் சிறுமிகளின் கல்வியில் முன்னோடியும் "வெநேரினி சமய ஆசிரியர்கள்" (Religious Teachers Venerini) எனும் "ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க பெண்களின் மறைப்பணி அமைப்பின்" (Roman Catholic Religious Institute of Women) நிறுவனரும் ஆவார்.


1656ம் ஆண்டு, மத்திய இத்தாலியின் (Central Italy) அன்றைய திருத்தந்தையர் மாநிலமான (Papal States) “லாசியோ” (Lazio) பிராந்தியத்திலுள்ள "விடெர்போ" (Viterbo) எனும் பண்டைய நகரில் பிறந்த வெநேரினி'யின் தந்தை "கொஃப்ரேடோ" (Goffredo), ஒரு மருத்துவர் ஆவார். ரோம் நகரில் தமது மருத்துவ கல்வியை நிறைவு செய்த அவர், விடெர்போ நகரின் பிரசித்தி பெற்ற மருத்துவமனை ஒன்றில் பணியாற்றினார். தமது மருத்துவ பணிகளால் புகழ் பெற்ற அவர், நகரின் பழைமையான குடும்பம் ஒன்றின் பெண்ணான "மார்ஸியா ஸம்பிசெட்டி" (Marzia Zampichetti) என்பவரை மணந்தார். இவர்களுக்கு பிறந்த நான்கு குழந்தைகளில் "ரோஸ் வெநேரினி" மூன்றாமவர் ஆவார்.


இவரது வாழ்க்கை சரிதம் எழுதிய வரலாற்றாசிரியர் அருட்தந்தை "கிரோலோமோ ஆண்ட்ரூசி" (Father Girolamo Andreucci, S.J) அவர்களின் கூற்றின்படி, வெநேரினி தமது இருபது வயதில் திருமணம் செய்ய ஒப்புக்கொண்டதாகவும் ஆனால் சிறிதே காலத்தில் அவருக்கு நிச்சயம் செய்திருந்த வாழ்க்கைத் துணை மரித்துப் போனதாகவும் எழுதியிருந்தார்.


அந்த ஆண்டின் இலையுதிர் காலத்தில், தமது தந்தையின் அறிவுறுத்தலின்படி, "புனிதர் கேத்தரின் டொமினிக்கன் துறவு மடத்தில்" (Dominican Monastery of St. Catherine) வெநேரினி இணைந்தார். ஆனால், சில மாத காலத்திலேயே அவரது தந்தைக்கு நேர்ந்த அகால மரணம், அவரை தமது தாயாரை கவனிப்பதற்காக திரும்பிப் போக வைத்தது. அவரது சகோதரர் "டொமெனிக்கோ" (Domenico) தமது 27 வயதிலேயே மரித்துப் போனார். துக்கம் தாங்காத அவர்களது தாயாரும் சிறிது காலத்திலேயே மரித்தார். வெநேரினி'யின் சகோதரி "மரியா மடலேனா" (Maria Maddalena) திருமணமாகிப் போனார். வீட்டில் இவரும் இவரது சகோதரி "ஒரேஸியோ" (Orazio) ஆகிய இருவர் மட்டுமே இருந்தனர். வெநேரினி, அக்கம்பக்கத்து பெண்களையும் சிறுமிகளையும் ஒன்றுகூட்டி குழுவாக செபமாலை செபிக்க ஆரம்பித்தார்.


"டொமினிக்கன் துறவிகளுடனான" (Dominican Friars) முதல் தொடர்பின் பின்னர், இயேசு சபையினரின் (Jesuits) வழிகாட்டுதலின் பேரில், புனிதர் லயோலா இஞ்ஞாசியாரின் (St. Ignatius of Loyola) ஆன்மீக வழிகளை பின்பற்ற முடிவு செய்தார்.


ஏதாவதொரு பள்ளியில் செபம் - தியானம் செய்யும் அருட்கன்னியாக அல்லாது, இவ்வுலகில் ஒரு ஆசிரியையாக வாழவே தாம் அழைக்கப்பட்டிருப்பதாக ரோஸ் நம்பினார்.


1685ம் ஆண்டு, ஆகஸ்ட் மாதம், 30ம் நாளன்று, "விடெர்போ ஆயர் கர்தினால் உர்பனோ சச்செட்டி" (Bishop of Viterbo, Cardinal Urbano Sacchetti) அவர்களின் ஒப்புதலுடன், "ஜெரோலமா" மற்றும் "போர்ஸியா" (Gerolama Coluzzelli and Porzia Bacci) ஆகிய இரண்டு நண்பர்களின் துணையுடன் தமது தந்தையின் வீட்டை விட்டு வெளியேறிய ரோஸ், ஏழை கிறிஸ்தவ பெண்களுக்கான தமது முதல் பள்ளியை இத்தாலியில் நிறுவினார்.


ஆரம்ப கட்டங்கள் அவருக்கு எளிதாக இல்லை. 1692 முதல் 1694ம் ஆண்டு வரையான காலத்தில் "மோன்டேஃபியாஸ்கோன்" (Montefiascone) என்ற நகரிலும், "போல்செனா ஏரியை"ச் (Lake Bolsena) சுற்றிலும் உள்ள கிராமங்களில் பத்து பள்ளிகளை தொடங்கினார்.


கல்வியின் மதிப்பு மற்றும் பெண் பிள்ளைகளுக்கு அதன் அவசியங்கள் பற்றின விழிப்புணர்வுகளை மக்களிடையே ரோஸ் உண்டாக்கினார். ஆசிரியைகளை பயிற்றுவித்தார். பள்ளிக்கூடங்களை ஒருங்கிணைத்தார்.


ரோஸ் வெநேரினியின் புகழ் பரவவே, ரோம் உள்ளிட்ட இத்தாலியின் பிற பாகங்களிலிருந்து பள்ளிகளை ஒருங்கிணைப்பதற்காக இவருக்கு அழைப்புகள் குவிந்தன.


ரோஸ் வெநேரினி, ரோம் நகரிலுள்ள “சேன் மார்க்கோ பேராலய” (Basilica of San Marco) சமூகத்தில், 1728ம் ஆண்டு, மே மாதம், 7ம் தேதி மரித்தார். அதுவரை அவர் தொடங்கி ஒருங்கிணைத்த பள்ளிகளின் எண்ணிக்கை நாற்பதுக்கும் மேற்பட்டதாகும்.


இவரது சமூகத்தின் அருட்சகோதரியர், 1909ம் ஆண்டு, ஐக்கிய அமெரிக்க நாடுகளுக்கு சென்றனர். அங்கே, இத்தாலியிலிருந்து புலம்பெயர்ந்து வரும் மக்களுக்கு உதவும் நோக்கில், ஐக்கிய அமெரிக்காவின் வடகிழக்கு நகரங்களில் (Northeastern United States) முதல்நாள் பராமரிப்பு மையங்களை (First Day Care Centers) நிறுவினார்கள். பின்னர், 1971 முதல் 1985ம் ஆண்டு வரையான காலத்தில், ஸ்விட்சர்லாந்து (Switzerland) நாட்டில் சேவை புரிந்தனர். பின்னர் இவர்களது சபையின் அப்போஸ்தலிக்க நடவடிக்கைகள், இந்தியா (India), பிரேசில் (Brazil), கேமரூன் (Cameroon), ருமேனியா (Romania), அல்பேனியா (Albania), சிலி (Chile), வெனிசூலா (Venezuela), மற்றும் நைஜீரியா (Nigeria) ஆகிய நாடுகளுக்கும் விரிவாக்கம் செய்யப்பட்டன.

Also known as

Rosa


Profile

Daughter of Godfrey Venerini, physician in Viterbo, Italy. Following the death of her fiance, she entered a convent; following the death of her father, she returned home to care for her mother.



She invited neighbourhood women to pray the rosary in her home, and formed a sort of sodality. As these friends had little religious education, she began to teach them. Jesuit Father Ignatius Martinelli, her spiritual director, convinced her that she was called to be a teacher instead of a contemplative nun.


With two friends, Rose opened a free pre-school for girls in 1685, which was well received. In 1692, Cardinal Barbarigo asked her to oversee training of teachers and the administration of schools in his diocese of Montefiascone, Italy. She organized schools in many parts of Italy, including Rome, and by the time of her death there were 40 schools under her direction. Friend and co-worker with Saint Lucia Filippini.


Rose often met opposition, some fierce, and some actually violent - her teachers were shot at with bows, and their houses burned. She was never deterred, teaching, and finding people who were willing to face the danger in order to do good. The sodality, or group of women she had invited to prayer, were ultimately given the rank of a religious congregation. Today, the so-called Venerini Sisters work with Italian immigrants in the United States and elsewhere.


Born

9 February 1656 at Viterbo, Italy


Died

7 May 1728 at Rome, Italy of natural causes


Canonized

15 October 2006 by Pope Benedict XVI




Saint Agostino Roscelli


Also known as

• Augustine Roscelli

• Augustin Roscelli



Profile

Born to a poor farming family, Agostino spent his youth as a mountain shepherd, using his solitary time for prayer. During a parish mission in May 1835, he realized a call to the priesthood, a calling he attacked with prayer which led to financial aid that allowed him to study at Genoa, Italy. Ordained on 19 September 1846.


Priest at Saint Martin d'Albaro in 1846, then the Church of Consolation in Genoa in 1854. Chaplain of the provincial orphanage in 1874, a post he held for 22 years. Prison chaplain, working especially with prisoners condemned to death.


He established a residential school to train young women who were in danger of starvation or falling into prostitution because they had no support. On 15 October 1876, he founded the Institute of Sisters of the Immaculata to run this and other residential centers he established.


Born

27 July 1818 at Bargone di Casarza Ligure, Italy


Died

7 May 1902 at Genoa, Italy of natural causes


Canonized

10 June 2001 by Pope John Paul II




Blessed Albert of Bergamo


Also known as

Alberto da Bergamo



Profile

Born to a modest but pious farm family. Married layman. Farmer in Villa d'Ogna, Italy. Dominican tertiary. Known for his ministry and devotion to the poor. Pilgrim to Rome, Italy, to Jerusalem and to Compostela, Spain. Settled finally in Cremona, Italy. Known as a miracle worker.


Born

at Villa d'Ogna, Italy


Died

7 May 1279 in Cremona, Italy of natural causes


Beatified

9 May 1748 by Pope Benedict XIV (cultus confirmed)


Patronage

• bakers

• day labourers




Saint John of Beverley


Also known as

John of York


Additional Memorial

25 October (translation of relics)



Profile

Studied at Canterbury under Saint Adrian and Saint Theodore. Benedictine monk at Whitby. Bishop of Hexham, England in 687. Metropolitan of York, England in 705. Founded a monastery at Inderawood (later Beverley), which became an important ecclesiastical center. Ordained the Venerable Bede who wrote of him, and recorded miracles worked by him. John always preferred the contemplative life and retired to the Inderawood Abbey in 717. King Henry V's victory at Agincourt was attributed to the aid of Saint John and Saint John of Bridlington.


Born

at Harpham, Yorkshire, England


Died

• 7 May 721 at Inderawood Abbey, England of natural causes

• relics in the Beverley cathedral

• his tomb was a popular pilgrimage point for centuries


Canonized

1037 by Pope Benedict IX


Patronage

diocese of Middlesbrough, England



Saint Domitian of Huy


Profile

Priest. Bishop of Tongres (in modern Belgium). He spoke out convincingly against heretics and pagans. Opposed heretics at the Synod of Orleans in 549. Encouraged the development of writings and sermons against heresy. Worked in the Meuse Valley to convert pagans. Built churches and hospices to care for the spiritual and physical needs of the people. Well known for his generosity, his fund-raising abilities that helped ease a famine, and his work against heretics.



Born

6th century in Gaul


Died

• 560

• relics at Huy, Belgium


Patronage

• against fever

• Huy, Liège, Belgium




Blessed Jan Eugeniusz Bajewski


Also known as

• Antonin Bajewski

• prisoner 12764



Additional Memorial

12 June as one of the 108 Martyrs of World War II


Profile

Member of the Franciscan Conventuals, taking the name Antonin. Priest. Worked with Saint Maximilian Kolbe. Imprisoned, tortured and executed by the Nazis for the crime of being a Catholic priest. Martyr.


Born

17 January 1915 in Vilnius, Lithuania


Died

8 May 1941 in the Oswiecim (Auschwitz) death camp, Malopolskie, occupied Poland


Beatified

13 June 1999 by Pope John Paul II




Saint Maurelius of Voghenza-Ferrara


Profile

Bishop of Voghenza, Italy, the modern titutal diocese of Vicohabentia; may have been the last bishop of that diocese before the area was joined to the diocese of Ferrara, Italy.


That’s what we’re relatively sure about. The legend writers, though, they invented all kinds of things - he was the king of Mesopotamia who abdicated to become a wandering priest, that he met the pope who saw his obvious holiness and consecrated him a bishop, that his first Mass as bishop was accompanied with choirs of angels, etc.


Died

• 7 May 644

• relics enshrined at the monastery of Saint George Olivetani, Ferrara, Italy




Saint Flavia Domitilla of Terracina


Profile

Roman noble lay woman. Grand-daughter of Emperor Vespasian; niece of Emperors Titus and Domitian. Married to Titus Flavius Clemens, a Roman consul, nephew of Emperor Vespasian, and first cousin of Emperors Titus and Domitian; foster sister of Saint Ephyrosyna of Terracina and Saint Theodora of Terracina. Convert to Christianity. Widowed when her husband was martyred in 96. Banished to the island of Pandataria in the Tyrrhenian Sea. Possibly martyred, though records are sketchy.



Died

at Terracina, Italy



Saint Duje


Also known as

Doimus, Domnio, Domnius, Dujam


Profile

Third century bishop of Salona, Dalmatia (in modern Croatia). Martyred with seven other Christians in the persecutions of Diocletian.


Born

Antiohia, Syria


Died

• beheaded in 304 at Salona, Dalmatia (in modern Croatia)

• secretly buried by other Christians

• a basilica was built over this grave and a monastery grew up nearby

• relics later moved to the cathedral of bearby Split, Croatia


Patronage

Split, Croatia



Blessed Francesco Paleari


Profile

Priest. Member of the Society of the Priests of Saint Joseph Benedict Cottolengo. Noted preacher and deeply involved in the work of the Little House of Divine Providence which provides a broad range of medical and social services to the poor.


Born

22 October 1863 in Pogliano Milanese, Milan, Italy



Died

7 May 1939 in Turin, Italy of natural causes


Beatified

17 September 2011 by Pope Benedict XVI



Blessed Gisella of Ungarn

இன்றைய புனிதர் :

(07-05-2021) 


புனித.கீசலா (St.Gisela, Queen of Hungary)                                                                                          துறவி , ஹங்கேரி நாட்டு அரசி


பிறப்பு 985 ரேகன்ஸ்பூர்க் (Regensburg), ஜெர்மனி


இறப்பு 7 மே 1060 பாசாவ் (Passau), ஜெர்மனி


இவர் ஹங்கேரி நாட்டு அரசர் இரண்டாம் ஹென்றியின் மகளாக பிறந்தார். இவரது பெற்றோர் இவரை ஹங்கேரி நாட்டை சேர்ந்த அரசர் முதலாம் ஸ்டீபன் என்பவருக்கு திருமணம் செய்து வைத்தனர். 1003 ஆம் ஆண்டு இவர்களுக்கு எமரிச் (Emmerich) என்ற ஓர் மகன் பிறந்தார். கீசலா ஆன்மீக காரியங்களில் மிகவும் அக்கறை காட்டிவந்தார். ஹங்கேரியில் இருந்தபோது தினமும் தவறாமல் திருப்பலிக்கு செல்வதிலும், ஆலய பணிகளில் ஈடுபடுவதிலும் முழுகவனம் செலுத்திவந்தார். அப்போது அவர் தனது அரண்மனை அருகிலேயே ஓர் ஆலயம் எழுப்பினார்.


1038 ஆம் ஆண்டு கீசலாவின் கணவர் அரசர் முதலாம் ஸ்டீபன் இறந்துவிட்டார். இதனால் கீசலா விதவையாக ஆனார். அச்சமயத்தில் அவரை அரண்மனையில் இருந்த ஆண்கள் பலர், தங்களது ஆசைகளுக்கு இணங்க வற்புறுத்தினர். இதனை மறுத்த கீசலா பல்வேறு துன்பங்களுக்கு ஆளாக்கப்பட்டார். சில வெறியர்களால் கீசலா ஹங்கேரி நாட்டிலிருந்து, ஜெர்மனி நாட்டிலுள்ள பாசாவ் என்ற ஊருக்கு அழைத்துவரப்பட்டு, அரசர் மூன்றாம் ஹென்றியின் அரண்மனையில் இருந்த சிறையில் அடைக்கப்பட்டார். அப்போது அங்கு பெனடிக்ட் துறவற சபையை சார்ந்த துறவற இல்லம் இருந்தது. கீசலா 1045 ல் இத்துறவற சபையில் சேர்ந்து முறைப்படி பயிற்சிகள் பெற்று, ஒரு சிறந்த துறவியானார். துறவி கீசலா மிகவும் மகிழ்ச்சியாகவும், சுதந்திரமாகவும் இறைவனின் பாதையில் தன் காலத்தை கழித்தார். தனது ஜெப வாழ்வினாலும், தவ வாழ்வினாலும் மற்றவர்களை கவர்ந்தார். இதனால் மறைசாட்சியாக கொல்லப்பட்டார்.


1060 ல் இறந்தபோது அடக்கம் செய்யப்பட்ட இவரது கல்லறை, 1908 ஆம் ஆண்டு மீண்டும் திறக்கப்பட்டது. பல ஆண்டுகள் கழித்தும், இவரது உடல் அழியாமல் காணப்பட்டது.


செபம்:

வாழ்வின் வழிகாட்டியே எம் இறைவா! திருமணமானபோதும், உம்மில் விசுவாசம் கொண்டு பின்னர் துறவியாக தன்னை அர்ப்பணித்து, உமக்காக உயிர்விட்ட புனித கீசலாவைப்போல, இல்லற வாழ்வில் உள்ள ஒவ்வொரு பெண்களும், எல்லாஸ் சூழலிலும் உம்மில் விசுவாசம் கொண்டு வாழ, நீர் அவர்களோடு இருந்து வழிநடத்த வேண்டுமென்று இறைவா உம்மை இறைஞ்சுகின்றோம்

1038 ஆம் ஆண்டு கீசலாவின் கணவர் அரசர் முதலாம் ஸ்டீபன் இறந்துவிட்டார். இதனால் கீசலா விதவையாக ஆனார். அச்சமயத்தில் அவரை அரண்மனையில் இருந்த ஆண்கள் பலர், தங்களது ஆசைகளுக்கு இணங்க வற்புறுத்தினர். இதனை மறுத்த கீசலா பல்வேறு துன்பங்களுக்கு ஆளாக்கப்பட்டார். சில வெறியர்களால் கீசலா ஹங்கேரி நாட்டிலிருந்து, ஜெர்மனி நாட்டிலுள்ள பாசாவ் என்ற ஊருக்கு அழைத்துவரப்பட்டு, அரசர் மூன்றாம் ஹென்றியின் அரண்மனையில் இருந்த சிறையில் அடைக்கப்பட்டார். அப்போது அங்கு பெனடிக்ட் துறவற சபையை சார்ந்த துறவற இல்லம் இருந்தது. கீசலா 1045 ல் இத்துறவற சபையில் சேர்ந்து முறைப்படி பயிற்சிகள் பெற்று, ஒரு சிறந்த துறவியானார். துறவி கீசலா மிகவும் மகிழ்ச்சியாகவும், சுதந்திரமாகவும் இறைவனின் பாதையில் தன் காலத்தை கழித்தார். தனது ஜெப வாழ்வினாலும், தவ வாழ்வினாலும் மற்றவர்களை கவர்ந்தார். இதனால் மறைசாட்சியாக கொல்லப்பட்டார்.


1060 ல் இறந்தபோது அடக்கம் செய்யப்பட்ட இவரது கல்லறை, 1908 ஆம் ஆண்டு மீண்டும் திறக்கப்பட்டது. பல ஆண்டுகள் கழித்தும், இவரது உடல் அழியாமல் காணப்பட்டது.


செபம்:

வாழ்வின் வழிகாட்டியே எம் இறைவா! திருமணமானபோதும், உம்மில் விசுவாசம் கொண்டு பின்னர் துறவியாக தன்னை அர்ப்பணித்து, உமக்காக உயிர்விட்ட புனித கீசலாவைப்போல, இல்லற வாழ்வில் உள்ள ஒவ்வொரு பெண்களும், எல்லாஸ் சூழலிலும் உம்மில் விசுவாசம் கொண்டு வாழ, நீர் அவர்களோடு இருந்து வழிநடத்த வேண்டுமென்று இறைவா உம்மை இறைஞ்சுகின்றோம்.

Also known as

• Gisella of Hungary

• Gisela, Gisele, Gizella



Profile

Sister of Saint Henry II, emperor of Germany. Wife of Saint Stephen of Hungary. First Queen of Hungary. Widow. After a life of using her position for charity, she retired to the convent at Passau in modern Germany.


Born

11th century


Died

c.1095 at Passau, Germany of natural causes



Apparition of the Holy Cross over Jerusalem


Article

Commemorates the appearance on 7 May 351, Pentecost that year, of a luminous image of the Holy Cross in Jerusalem. It stretched from Mount Golgotha to the Mount of Olives (about two miles / three kilometers), was brighter than the sun, lasted several hours, and was seen by the entire city. It led to many conversions, and was reported in a letter attribued to Saint Cyril of Jerusalem.



Saint Cerenico of Spoleto


Also known as

Cenerico, Cenic, Cinereo


Profile

7th century deacon in the area of Le Mans, France. Hermit at Séez, France. Benedictine monk who attracted 140 brother monks by his piety and wisdom.


Died

7 May 669



Blessed Miqael of Ulompo


Also known as

• Michael Ulumbijski

• one of the Fathers of the Church in Georgia


Profile

Sixth-century monk who worked with Saint John Zedazneli to evangelize Georgia.


Born

Syria



Saint Quadratus of Herbipolis


Profile

Imprisoned for several years and then martyred for his faith in the persecutions of Valerian.


Died

martyred in 257 at Herbipolis, Asia Minor (in modern Turkey)



Blessed Antonio de Agramunt



Profile

Mercedarian who ransomed 530 Christian slaves from Moorish occupied Spain in 1428.



Saint Serenicus of Hyesmes


Profile

Born to the Italian nobility. Monk. Hermit near the River Sarthe in France. Abbot of a local monastery.


Born

Spoleto, Italy


Died

c.669 of natural causes



Blessed Villanus of Gubbio


Profile

Benedictine monk at the monastery of Fonte-Avellana, Italy. Priest. Bishop of Gubbio, Italy in 1206.


Born

Gubbio, Italy


Died

1237 of natural causes



Saint Placid of Autun


Also known as

• Placidus of Autun

• Plait of Autun


Profile

Benedictine monk. Abbot in the basilica of Saint Symphorian at Autun, France.


Died

c.675



Saint Flavius of Nicomedia


Profile

Brother of Saint Augustine of Nicomedia and Saint Augustus of Nicomedia. Bishop of Nicomedia. Martyred in the persecutions of Diocletian.



Saint Augustine of Nicomedia


Profile

Brother of Saint Flavius of Nicomedia and Saint Augustus of Nicomedia. Martyred in the persecutions of Diocletian.



Saint Quadratus of Nicomedia


Profile

Tortured and martyred in the persecutions of Decius.


Died

beheaded in Nicomedia (in modern Turkey)



Saint Augustus of Nicomedia


Profile

Brother of Saint Flavius of Nicomedia and Saint Augustine of Nicomedia. Martyred in the persecutions of Diocletian.



Saint Serenus of Hyesmas


Profile

Born to the Italian nobility. Monk. Hermit near the River Sarthe in France.


Born

Spoleto, Italy



Saint Juvenal of Benevento


Profile

Lived in Narni, Italy.


Died

• c.132

• shrine in Benevento, Italy



Saint Peter of Pavia


Profile

Bishop of Pavia, Italy.


Born

Lombardy (in modern Italy)


Died

c.735



Saint Abba


Also known as

Alla


Profile

One of a large group martyred in Africa.

06 May 2021

இன்றைய புனிதர்கள் மே 6

 St. Dominic Savio

† இன்றைய புனிதர் †

(மே 6)


✠ புனிதர் டோமினிக் சாவியோ ✠

(St. Dominic Savio)


ஒப்புரவாளர்:

(Confessor)


பிறப்பு: ஏப்ரல் 2, 1842

சான் ஜியோவன்னி, ரிவா ப்ரெஸோ சியரி, 

பைட்மான்ட், இத்தாலி

(San Giovanni, Riva presso Chieri, Piedmont, Italy)


இறப்பு: மார்ச் 9, 1857 (வயது 14)

மொன்டொனியோ, பைட்மான்ட், இத்தாலி

(Mondonio, Piedmont, Italy)


ஏற்கும் சமயம்: 

கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை

(Roman Catholic Church)

எபிஸ்கோபல் திருச்சபை

(Episcopal Church)


அருளாளர் பட்டம்: மார்ச் 5, 1950

திருத்தந்தை 12ம் பயஸ்

(Pope Pius XII)


புனிதர் பட்டம்: ஜூன் 12, 1954

திருத்தந்தை 12ம் பயஸ்

(Pope Pius XII)


முக்கிய திருத்தலங்கள்: 

கிறிஸ்தவர்களின் சகாய அன்னை பேராலயம், 

தூரின், இத்தாலி

(The Basilica of Mary Help of Christians in Turin)


நினைவுத் திருவிழா: மே 6


பாதுகாவல்: 

பீடச்சிறார், பாடகர் குழுச் சிறார், இளம் குற்றவாளிகள்,

தவறுதலாக குற்றம் சுமத்தப்பட்டோர்


புனிதர் டோமினிக் சாவியோ, இத்தாலியைச் சார்ந்த புனித ஜான் போஸ்கோவின் வளரிளம் பருவ மாணவர்களில் ஒருவர் ஆவார். இவர் குருவாகும் ஆசையில் படித்துக் கொண்டிருந்தபோது தமது 14ம் வயதில் “நுரையீரல் அழற்சி” (Pleurisy) நோய் பாதிக்கப்பட்டு இறந்தார்.


பதினான்கு வயதே நிரம்பிய டோமினிக் சாவியோவின், தீரம் நிறைந்த அன்றாடப் புண்ணிய வாழ்வே இவரைப் புனிதர் நிலைக்கு உயர்த்தியது. கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபையில் மறைசாட்சியாக இறக்காத புனிதர்களில் இவரே மிகவும் இளையவர்.


தொடக்க காலம்:

வீட்டு வாழ்வு:

டோமினிக் சாவியோ, 1842ம் ஆண்டு, ஏப்ரல் மாதம், 2ம் தேதியன்று, வட இத்தாலியின் “பியெட்மோன்ட்” (Piedmont) பிராந்தியத்திலுள்ள “சியரி” (Chieri) நகரின் அருகேயுள்ள “ரிவா” (Riva) எனும் கிராமத்தில் பிறந்தார். இவர் சிறுவயதில் இருந்தே இயேசுவிடமும், அன்னை மரியாளிடமும் மிகுந்த பக்தி கொண்டிருந்தார். இவரது குடும்பமும் சூழ்நிலையும் இவரை புனிதத்தில் வளர்த்தன. இவரது பெற்றோர் இவரை கிறிஸ்தவ மதிப்பீடுகளில் வளர்ப்பதில் அதிக ஆர்வம் காட்டினர். 


நான்கு வயதிலேயே தனியாக செபிக்கும் திறமை பெற்றிருந்த சாவியோ, தான் முதல் நற்கருணை பெற்ற நாளைப் பற்றிக் குறிப்பிடும்போது, "என் வாழ்வின் மிகவும் மகிழ்ச்சியானதும் அற்புதமானதுமான நாள் அது" என்கிறார். இவர் ஆலயத்தின் பீடச் சிறுவர்கள் குழுவில் இணைந்து திருப்பலியில் குருக்களுக்கு உதவி செய்தார்; அதிகாலை 5 மணிக்கே ஆலயம் சென்றுவிடும் வழக்கத்தைக் கொண்டிருந்தார். மழையிலும், குளிரிலும் இவர் ஆலயத்திற்கு தவறாமல் சென்றார்.


ஆரட்டரியில்:

12 வயதில் கடவுளின் அழைப்பை உணர்ந்து, புனிதர் ஜான் போஸ்கோ (Saint John Bosco) நடத்திய ஆரட்டரியில் சாவியோ சேர்ந்தார். 1854ம் ஆண்டு, அக்டோபர் மாதம், முதல் திங்கட் கிழமை, தனது தந்தையுடன் புனிதர் ஜான் போஸ்கோவை சந்தித்த இவர், “நான் தைக்கப்படாத துணியாக இருக்கிறேன், என்னை இயேசுவுக்கு உகந்த நல்ல சட்டையாகத் தைப்பது உங்கள் பணி” என்று அவரிடம் கூறினார்.


கெட்ட வார்த்தைகள் பேசிய சிறுவர்களை சாவியோ கண்டித்து திருத்தினார்; சண்டையிட்டுக் கொண்ட சிறார்களுக்கிடையே சமாதானம் செய்துவைத்தார். தீய வழிகளில் இருந்து விலகி, களங்கமற்ற தூய்மையான புண்ணிய வாழ்வு வாழ்ந்தார். தனது செயல்கள் அனைத்தையும் இறைவனின் புகழ்ச்சிக்காகவே செய்து வந்தார்.


குருத்துவ படிப்பு:

இறுதியில் சாவியோ குரு மடத்தில் சேர்ந்தார். ‘பாவம் செய்வதை விட சாவதே மேல்’ என்பது இவரது விருதுவாக்கு ஆகும். 14ம் வயதில் இவருக்கு உடல் நலம் பாதிக்கப்பட்டதால் மிகவும் பலவீனம் அடைந்தார். 1857ம் ஆண்டு, மார்ச் மாதம், 9ம் தேதி, விண்ணகக் காட்சியால் பரவசம் அடைந்து, “ஆகா, எவ்வளவு இன்பம் நிறைந்த அற்புத காட்சி!” என்று கூறியவாறே டோமினிக் சாவியோ உயிர் துறந்தார்.


டோமினிக் சாவியோ மரித்ததும் புனிதர் ஜான் போஸ்கோ இவரது வாழ்க்கை வரலாற்றை புத்தகமாக எழுதினார். அது இவரது புனிதர் பட்டமளிப்பு நடவடிக்கைகளில் முக்கிய ஆதாரமாக விளங்கியது.


புனிதர் பட்டம்:

சாவியோவின் புனிதர் பட்டத்திற்கான நடவடிக்கைகளைத் தொடங்கிவைத்த திருத்தந்தை 10ம் பயஸ் (Pope Saint Pius X), “தோமினிக் என்னும் இளைஞர், திருமுழுக்கில் பெற்ற புனிதத்தைப் பழுதின்றி காப்பாற்றிக் கொண்டவர்" என்று இவரைப் புகழ்கின்றார்.


1933ல் இவருக்கு வணக்கத்திற்குரியவர் பட்டம் வழங்கிய திருத்தந்தை 11ம் பயஸ் (Pope Pius XI), “தூய்மை, பக்தி, ஆன்மீகத் தாகம் ஆகியவற்றின் ஆற்றலால் சாவியோவின் கிறிஸ்தவ வாழ்வு நமக்கு முன்மாதிரியாக உள்ளது” என்று கூறுகிறார்.


திருத்தந்தை 12ம் பயஸ் (Pope Pius XII), டோமினிக் சாவியோவுக்கு 1950ம் ஆண்டு, மார்ச் மாதம், 5ம் நாளன்று, அருளாளர் பட்டமும், 1954ம் ஆண்டு, ஜூன் மாதம், 12ம் தேதியன்று, புனிதர் பட்டமும் வழங்கி உரை நிகழ்த்தியபோது, “இளைஞர்கள் சாவியோவின் வழிகளைப் பின்பற்ற வேண்டும். தீய சக்திகளின் தாக்கங்களைப் புறக்கணித்து, தூய்மையில் நிலைத்து நின்ற சாவியோவின் புனித வாழ்க்கை இளைஞர்களுக்கு சிறந்த எடுத்துக்காட்டு” என்று கூறினார்.

Feastday: May 6

Patron: of choirboys, the falsely accused, and juvenile delinquents

Birth: April 2, 1842

Death: March 9, 1857

Beatified: March 5, 1950 by Pope Pius XII

Canonized: June 12, 1954 by Pope Pius XII

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Dominic Savio was born on April 2, 1842 in the village of Riva in northern Italy. His father was a blacksmith and his mother a seamstress. He had nine brothers and sisters. His family was poor but hardworking. They were devout and pious Catholics.


When he was just two years old, Dominic's family returned to their native village of Castlenuovo d'Asti, (Today, Castlenuovo Don Bosco) near the birthplace of John Bosco. Bosco would himself later be canonized as a Saint by the Church and became a major influence on the life of Dominic.


As a small child, Dominic loved the Lord and His Church. He was very devout in practicing his Catholic faith. For example, he said grace before every meal and refused to eat with those who did not. He was always quick to encourage others to pray.


Dominic attended Church regularly with his mother and was often seen kneeling before the Tabernacle in prayer. He even prayed outside the Church building. It did not matter to Dominic if the ground was covered with mud or snow, he knelt and prayed anyway.


Dominic was quickly recognized as an exceptional student who studied hard and performed well in school. He became an altar server. He also attended daily Mass and went to confession regularly. He asked to receive his first communion at the age of seven. This was not the practice in the Church of Italy at the time. Normally, children received their first holy communion at the age of twelve. Dominic's priest was so impressed with his intelligence concerning the faith, his love for the Lord and his piety that he made an exception. Dominic said that the day of his First Communion was the happiest day of his life.



On the Day he received his first communion, Dominic wrote four promises in a little book. Those promises were:


I will go to Confession often, and as frequently to Holy Communion as my confessor allows.

I wish to sanctify the Sundays and festivals in a special manner.

My friends shall be Jesus and Mary.

Death rather than sin.


The young Dominic graduated to secondary school and walked three miles to school each day. He undertook this chore gladly. While walking to school on a hot day a farmer asked why he wasn't yet tired. Dominic cheerfully replied, "Nothing seems tiresome or painful when you are working for a master who pays well."


Although he was young, Dominic was clearly different than his peers. When two boys stuffed a school heating stove with snow and rubbish. The boys were known troublemakers and were likely to face expulsion if caught, so they blamed Dominic for the misdeed. Dominic did not deny the accusation and he was scolded before the class. However, a day later the teacher learned the truth. He asked Dominic why he did not defend himself while being scolded for something he did not do. Dominic mentioned he was imitating Jesus who remained silent when unjustly accused.


Dominic's teacher spoke well of him and brought him to the attention of Fr. John Bosco, who was renowned for looking after hundreds of boys, many of them orphaned and poor. In October 1854, Dominic was personally introduced to Fr. Bosco - along with his father.


At the meeting, Bosco wanted to test Dominic's intelligence and understanding of the Catholic faith. He gave Dominic a copy of The Catholic Readings, which was a pamphlet that dealt with apologetics. He expected Dominic to provide a report the next day, but just ten minutes later Dominic recited the text and provided a full explanation of its significance. This solidified Bosco's high opinion of Dominic.


Dominic expressed an interest in becoming a priest and asked to go to Turin to attend the Oratory of St. Francis de Sales. Fr. Bosco agreed to take him.


At the Oratory, Dominic studied directly under Fr. Bosco. He worked diligently and always asked questions when he did not understand something. He renewed his First Communion promises that he wrote in his little book at the age of seven. After six months at the Oratory, Dominic delivered a speech on the path to sainthood. In his speech, he made three outstanding points; it is God's will that we ALL become saints, it is easy to become a saint, and there are great rewards in heaven for saints.


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Dominic's desire to become a saint troubled him however. He wondered to himself how someone as young as he was could become a saint? In his zeal, he tried voluntary mortification and other voluntary penances, hoping that they would help him to grow closer to Jesus and help him to be less concerned with his own needs. He even made his bed uncomfortable and wore thin clothes in winter. When Fr. Bosco observed these practices, he corrected Dominic. He explained that as a child, what he should do instead was to devote himself to his studies and to be cheerful. He discouraged Dominic from any more physical penances. Dominic's happy demeanor quickly returned.


At the same time Dominic was developing his reputation as a fantastic student, his health began to fail. He started to lose his appetite and Fr. Bosco became concerned. Dominic was taken to the doctor who recommended that he be sent home to his family to recover. Dominic wanted to stay at the oratory, but Fr. Bosco insisted he go home. Everybody expected Dominic to recover, except for Dominic himself who insisted he was dying.


Before he departed, Dominic made the Exercise of a Happy Death and predicted this would be his final devotion.


After four days at home, Dominic's health worsened. The doctor ordered him to bed to rest. He then performed bloodletting, which was still performed at that time. Over the next four days, Dominic was bled ten times before the doctor was satisfied he would recover.


But Dominic was sure of his impending death. He implored his parents to bring the parish priest so he could make a last confession. They obliged him and Dominic made a confession and was given the Anointing of the Sick. He asked his father to read him the prayers for the Exercise of a Happy Death. Then he fell asleep. Hours later he awoke and said to his father: "Goodbye, Dad, goodbye ... Oh what wonderful things I see!" Dominic fell asleep and died within minutes. It was March 9, 1857 and Dominic was merely 14 year of age.


His father wrote to Fr. Bocso to report the sad news.


Fr. Bosco was powerfully touched by Dominic and he wrote a biography, "The Life of Dominic Savio." The biography quickly became popular and would eventually be read in schools across Italy. As people learned about Dominic, they called for his canonization.


Detractors argued that Dominic was too young to be canonized and pointed out that he was not a martyr. However, Pope Pius X disagreed and opened his cause for canonization.


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Dominic Savio was declared venerable in 1933 by Pope Pius XI, beatified in 1950, then canonized in 1954 by Pope Pius XII.


Saint Dominic is the patron saint of choirboys, the falsely accused, and juvenile delinquents. His feast day is May 6, moved from March 9. Many schools and institutions dedicated to boys are dedicated to him.


Dominic Savio (Italian: Domenico Savio; 2 April 1842 – 9 March 1857) was an Italian adolescent student of Saint John Bosco. He was studying to be a priest when he became ill and died at the age of 14, possibly from pleurisy.[5] He is the only person of his age group who was declared a saint not on the basis of his having been a martyr, but on the basis of having lived what was seen as a holy life. He was noted for his piety and devotion to the Catholic faith, and was eventually canonized.


Bosco regarded Savio very highly, and wrote a biography of his young student, The Life of Dominic Savio. This volume, along with other accounts of him, were critical factors in his cause for sainthood. Despite the fact that many people considered him to have died at too young an age – fourteen – to be considered for sainthood, he was considered eligible for such singular honour on the basis of his having displayed "heroic virtue" in his everyday life.[6] Savio was canonised a saint on 12 June 1954, by Pope Pius XII, making him the youngest non-martyr to be canonised in the Catholic Church[7] until the canonisations of Francisco and Jacinta Marto, the pious visionaries of Fatima, in 2017.



Biography

The major part of the biographical information known about Dominic Savio comes from his biography written by John Bosco, in addition to the testimonies given by Savio's family and friends.[8]



Early life

On 2 April 1842 in the village of Riva, 2 miles (3 km) from the town of Chieri, in Piedmont, northern Italy[8] a son was born to Carlo and Brigitta Savio. He was given the name Domenico at baptism. The name Domenico means "of the Lord"[9] and the surname Savio means "wise".[10] His parents had ten children in all. His father was a blacksmith and his mother, a seamstress. They were poor, hardworking and pious.[11]


When he was two years old, his parents returned to their native place at Murialdo on the outskirts of Castelnuovo d'Asti and from where they had gone to Riva in 1841. His parents took great care to give him a Christian upbringing. By the age of four, Dominic was able to pray by himself and was occasionally found in solitude, praying.[12] John Bosco records that Savio's parents recollect how he used to help his mother around the house, welcome his father home, say his prayers without being reminded, (even reminding others when they forgot) and say Grace at mealtimes unfailingly.[11]


At the village school


San Domenico Savio

Fr. Giovanni Zucca from Murialdo, who was then the chaplain at Murialdo when Dominic was five years old,[13] notes in a statement to John Bosco that he came to notice Dominic due to his regular church attendance with his mother, and his habit of kneeling down outside the church to pray (even in the mud or snow) if he happened to come to Church before it had been unlocked in the morning. The chaplain also notes that Savio made good progress at the village school not merely due to his cleverness, but also by working hard. He would not join the other boys in doing something that he believed to be morally wrong and would explain why he thought a particular deed was wrong.[13]


At the age of five, he learned to serve Mass, and would try to participate at Mass every day as well as go regularly to Confession. Having been permitted to make his First Communion at an early age, he had much reverence for the Eucharist.[14]


First Communion

At that time, it was customary for children to receive their First Communion at the age of twelve.[15] (Pope Pius X would later lower this age to seven)[16] After initial hesitation, and subsequent consultation with other priests, the parish priest agreed to permit Dominic to receive his First Communion at the age of seven, since he knew the catechism and understood something of the Eucharist.[15] He spent much time praying and reading in preparation,[17] asking his mother's forgiveness for anything he might have done to displease her and then went to Church. In his biography of Dominic Savio, John Bosco devotes a chapter to tell of Dominic's First Communion. He says that several years later, whenever Dominic talked of the day of his First Communion, he said with joy: "That was the happiest and most wonderful day of my life."[15] John Bosco records that on the day of his First Communion, Dominic made some promises which he wrote in a "little book", and re-read them many times. John Bosco once looked through Dominic's book, and he quotes from it the promises that he made:[17]


Resolutions made by me, Dominic Savio, in the year 1849, on the day of my First Communion, at the age of seven.

1. I will go to Confession often, and as frequently to Holy Communion as my confessor allows.

2. I wish to sanctify the Sundays and festivals in a special manner.

3. My friends shall be Jesus and Mary.

4. Death rather than sin.[18]


At the county school

For secondary education, Dominic had to go to another school and it was decided that he would go to the County School at Castelnuovo, three miles (5 km) from his home.[19] (Castelnuovo d' Asti, now Castelnuovo John Bosco, was the birthplace of another contemporary of John Bosco, Joseph Cafasso, also a saint. He was four years the senior of John Bosco, and was Bosco's mentor and advisor.[20])


Now ten years old, Dominic walked daily to and from school. In his biography of Dominic Savio, John Bosco records how a local farmer once asked Dominic, on a hot sunny day, if he was not tired from walking, and received the reply: "Nothing seems tiresome or painful when you are working for a master who pays well."[21] Don Bosco also notes that Dominic refused to go swimming[22] with his friends since Dominic considered that in such a situation, it would be "also easy to offend God",[19] he believed that on a previous occasion his friends behaved in, what was to him, a vulgar manner.[23] In his biography Bosco records that Fr. Allora, the head of this school, had this to say about Dominic: "...Hence it may very well be said that he was Savio (wise), not only in name, but in fact, viz., in his studies, in piety, in conversation and his dealing with others, and in all his actions. ..."[21]


Under John Bosco's mentorship

Meeting with John Bosco


St. John Bosco (Don Bosco), the spiritual mentor of St. Dominic Savio

It was Fr. Giuseppe Cugliero,[19] Dominic's teacher at school, who gave a high account of him to John Bosco and recommended that Bosco meet him during the Feast of the Rosary, when he would take his boys to Murialdo. Accordingly, accompanied by his father, Dominic met John Bosco on the first Monday in the month of October 1854.[24] John Bosco records this conversation in some detail. He notes that Dominic was eager to go to Turin with John Bosco, and that he wished to become a priest after completing his studies in that town.[25]


To test Dominic's intelligence, Don Bosco gave him a copy of The Catholic Readings (pamphlets on the subject of Catholic Apologetics),[26] asking him to recite a particular page by heart and explain its meaning the next day, and then spoke for a while with Dominic's father. Ten minutes later, he found Dominic was beside him reciting the page and explaining its meaning satisfactorily.[25] This meeting was the beginning of their relationship, the result of which was that John Bosco agreed to take Dominic to Turin with him.[24]


At the Oratory of St. Francis de Sales

John Bosco records that when Dominic arrived at the Oratory, he at once placed himself under his guidance.[27] He also notes that Dominic worked diligently and followed the school rules. He would happily listen to talks and sermons (even if they tended to be lengthy at times), and would, without hesitation, ask for clarification on points that were not clear to him. John Bosco also notes how Dominic was obedient to his teachers and chose his companions carefully.[28]


This happened in 1854, when, in Rome, the dogma of the Immaculate Conception of Mary was being defined. Preparations for the observation of this feast were thus going on at the Oratory. Don Bosco records that, at the advice of his confessor, Dominic renewed his First Communion promises at the altar of Mary at the Oratory. Bosco says that, from this point the result of Dominic's attempts towards holy life were so apparent, that he (John Bosco) took to recording the various incidents that occurred for future reference.[27]


John Bosco's mother, who was called "Mamma Margaret" remarked to him of Dominic, "You have many good boys, but none can match the good heart and soul of Dominic Savio. I see him so often at prayer, staying in church after the others; every day he slips out of the playground to make a visit to the Blessed Sacrament. When he is in church he is like an angel living in Paradise."[29]


Resolve to become a saint

Around six months after Dominic had come to the Oratory, he had the occasion to listen to a talk on sainthood. John Bosco records that the talk had three main points that impressed Dominic:[30]


That it is God's will that each one should become a saint.

That it is easy to become a saint.

That there is a great reward waiting in heaven for those who try to become saints.

This inspired Dominic to take a conscious decision to become a saint. The immediate result of this was that, not being sure how to live a saintly life, and worried about it, he was quiet and worried for the next few days. Noticing this, John Bosco spoke to Dominic and advised him to resume his customary cheerfulness, persevere in his regular life of study and religious practices, and especially not neglect being with his companions in games and recreation.[31] On learning that his first name meant "belonging to God", his desire to be a saint intensified.[30] Dominic's spiritual growth progressed under the guidance of Don Bosco. Clifford Stevens says in his biography of Savio, "In other circumstances, Dominic might have become a little self-righteous snob, but Don Bosco showed him the heroism of the ordinary and the sanctity of common sense."[32]


Attempts to do penances

In his desire to become a saint, Dominic attempted to perform physical penances, like making his bed uncomfortable with small stones and pieces of wood, sleeping with a thin covering in winter, wearing a hair shirt, and fasting on bread and water. When his superiors (i.e., John Bosco, or his Rector, or his confessor) came to know this, they forbade him from doing bodily mortification, as it would affect his health.[33]


John Bosco told Dominic that as a schoolboy, the best penance would be to perform all his duties with perfection and humility, and that obedience was the greatest sacrifice.[34] Thus, Dominic formed an important aspect of his philosophy of life, which was, in his words, "I can't do big things but I want everything to be for the glory of God."[35] Don Bosco notes that from that time on, Dominic did not complain about the food or the weather, unlike some other boys at the Oratory, bore all suffering cheerfully, and practised custody of his eyes and tongue.[36] Eugenio Ceria, a Salesian commentator on the autobiography of John Bosco, (Memoirs of the Oratory of Saint Francis de Sales) notes that by this time, owing to his experience as an educator, John Bosco's ideas on several pedagogical and spiritual principles were well developed and linked and this led him to associate the fulfillment of daily duties with holiness in his advice to Savio.[37]


The Immaculate Conception Sodality


An iconic painting depicting Mary as the Immaculate Conception. The definition of the dogma of the Immaculate Conception had a profound effect on the spirituality of Dominic Savio.

The definition of the dogma of the Immaculate Conception of Mary influenced Dominic and he was anxious to create at the school a lasting reminder of this event.[38] He now felt that he had not long to live. With the help of his friends, he started a group called the Sodality of Mary Immaculate, the main aim of which was to be to obtain the special protection of Mary during life and at the time of death. The means Dominic proposed to this end were: (1) to honour, and to bring others to honour, Mary by different means, and (2) to encourage frequent Communion. On 8 June, he and his friends read out together before the altar of Mary at the Oratory, the set of rules they had drawn up. There were twenty-one articles (which were recorded by John Bosco in his biography), ending with an appeal to Mary for her assistance. These were submitted to the rector, and, after careful perusal, he gave his approval, under certain conditions.[39] One of the members of this Sodality, Giuseppe Bongioanni,[39] (who was later ordained a priest) was later to found the Sodality of the Blessed Sacrament, which became a traditional sodality in Catholic schools.[38]


Preparation for a holy death

All the pupils under John Bosco observed a monthly event called The Exercise of a Happy Death; this practice continues under the name The Monthly Day of Recollection.[8] This practice was encouraged by Pope Pius IX.[40] Part of this was to make a Confession and Communion as though they were the last ones to be made before death. Bosco notes that Dominic observed this practice devoutly, and that one day, Dominic said that he would be the first amongst the group to die.[40] During the month of May, before his death, the intensity of his spiritual practices increased. John Bosco notes that he said, "Let me do what I can this year; if I am here next year I'll let you know what my plans are."[41]


Failing health

Dominic's health was steadily deteriorating, but he spent most of his time with his friends, talking with them, and encouraging those who were experiencing troubles.[42] He also helped at the school infirmary whenever his companions were admitted. On the recommendation of doctors, Dominic was sent home to recover from his ill health, but a few days later Bosco found him back at the Oratory. Despite his affection for Dominic, and his wish to allow Dominic to remain at the Oratory, John Bosco decided to follow the recommendation of the doctors, especially since Dominic had developed a severe cough and he wrote to Dominic's father, fixing the date of his departure on 1 March 1857. Though Dominic said that he wanted to spend his last days at the Oratory, he accepted this decision and spent the evening before his departure at John Bosco's side, discussing spiritual matters. (Bosco recorded a part of this conversation in his biography of Dominic).[42] On the morning of his departure, Don Bosco notes that Dominic made the Exercise of a Happy Death with great zeal, even saying that this would be his final such devotion. He said his farewell to John Bosco, asking as a keepsake that Bosco add his name to the list of those who would participate in the Plenary Indulgence that John Bosco had received from the Pope, to which John Bosco readily agreed.[42] He then took leave of his friends with great affection, which surprised them, for his illness was not considered by many of his companions to be serious.[43]


Death


The altar of St. Dominic Savio in Basilica of Our Lady Help of Christians, Turin, under which holds the relic of the saint

In his first four days at home his appetite decreased and his cough worsened; this prompted his parents to send him to the doctor, who, at once, ordered bed rest.[44] Inflammation was diagnosed, and as was the custom at that time, the doctor decided to perform bloodletting. The doctor cut Dominic's arm ten times in the space of four days and it is now considered that this probably hastened his death.[45] In his biography, John Bosco records that Dominic was calm throughout the procedure. The doctor assured his parents that the danger had passed and now it only remained for him to recuperate. Dominic, however, was sure that his death was approaching, and asked that he be allowed to make his Confession and receive Communion. Though they thought it unnecessary, his parents sent for the parish priest who heard Dominic's confession and administered the Eucharist.[46]


After four days, despite the conviction of the doctor and his parents that he would get better, Dominic asked that he be given the Anointing of the Sick in preparation for death. Again, his parents agreed, to please him. On 9 March, he was given the papal blessing and he said the Confiteor. Don Bosco records that throughout these days, he stayed serene and calm.[47] On the evening of 9 March 1857, after being visited by his parish priest, he asked his father to read him the prayers for the Exercise of a Happy Death from his book of devotions. Then he slept a while, and shortly awakened and said in a clear voice, "Goodbye, Dad, goodbye ... what was it the parish priest suggested to me ... I don't seem to remember ... Oh, what wonderful things I see ...".[47] With these words, Dominic died, though, at first, it appeared to his father that he was asleep.[48] Dominic's father wrote in a letter to John Bosco, conveying the news of the death of his son,


With my heart full of grief I send you this sad news. Dominic, my dear son and your child in God, like a white lily, like Aloysius Gonzaga, gave his soul to God on 9 March after having received with the greatest devotion the Last Sacraments and the Papal Blessing.[48]


Notable incidents in the life of Dominic Savio


Pope Pius XI described Dominic Savio as "small in size, but a towering giant in spirit."

In order to give the reader a well rounded picture of Dominic's personality Don Bosco recorded several incidents from Dominic's life in his biography.[28]


Before he joined the Oratory

At the school at Mondonio

Don Bosco records this from the testimony of Fr Giuseppe Cugliero.[49] One day, in the absence of his teacher, two of Dominic's classmates stuffed the room-heating iron stove with snow and rubbish as a prank. Fearing expulsion, they blamed Dominic. Fr. Cugliero soundly berated Dominic in front of the class and Dominic bore this silently.[50] The following day, the true culprits were discovered. On being asked why he had remained silent, Dominic replied that he had thought that he would be let off with a scolding whereas the other boys might have been expelled. Dominic added that Jesus had remained silent when blamed unjustly and that he was trying to imitate him.[45] Mary Reed Newland, in her book, suggests that, since Dominic was yet to meet John Bosco, this incident is indicative of the upbringing his parents had given him.[34]


At the Oratory

Resolves a conflict

At the Oratory, two of his friends had a disagreement and decided to fight each other by throwing stones. As they were older and stronger than Dominic (he had been promoted from first form to second form [51]) physical intervention was not possible. He tried to reason with them but with no positive result. Thus, on the day of the fight, he went with them to the site where the fight was to take place, and just before they could start, he placed himself between them, and holding up his crucifix, requested that they throw their first stones at him. Ashamed, the two boys gave up their fight. Dominic then persuaded them to go to Confession.[52]


Custody of the eyes

John Bosco records that once a boy who was visiting had brought with him a "magazine with bad pictures", and a group of fascinated boys were looking. On finding out, Dominic snatched the magazine and tore it up, saying, "You know well enough that one look is enough to stain your souls, and yet you go feasting your eyes on this."[36]


Influence over his friends

John Bosco records that Dominic spent a lot of time with his friends, encouraging them in their devotions, discouraging those with a habit of swearing,[53] and teaching Catechism at Sunday School.[54] Bosco also records that he would encourage his friends to make frequent use of the sacrament of confession and take Communion regularly, even giving them encouragement and advice in spiritual practices during games.[55] John Bosco makes particular mention of two of Dominic's friends, Camillo Gavio of Tortona,[56] and John Massaglia of Marmorito.[57] (These two friends were dead by the time John Bosco wrote the biography, as he thought it best not to write about the friends of Dominic who were still alive.)


Devotions practised by Dominic

Don Bosco narrates that before he came to the Oratory, Dominic made his Confession and took Communion once a month. After hearing a homily on the Sacraments, he chose a priest as his regular Confessor, (to whom Dominic made his Confessions until the end of his stay at the Oratory). The regularity with which Dominic approached the sacraments increased and, at the end of that year, as per the advice of his confessor, Dominic was taking Communion daily.[58] He had a special intention for the Eucharist each day of the week. John Bosco notes that, whenever permitted, Dominic eagerly accompanied the priest when he took the Viaticum, and that he also kept the habit of kneeling down in the street if he encountered the Eucharist being carried by a priest, as was the custom in Catholic countries.[59]


Incidents with special spiritual significance

"Distractions"

John Bosco records that Dominic occasionally had intense experiences during prayer, which Dominic described as such: "It is silly of me; I get a distraction and lose the thread of my prayers and then I see such wonderful things that the hours pass by like minutes”.[60] On one occasion, he was missing from breakfast and the rector finally found him in the chapel, standing motionless and gazing at the tabernacle. He was not aware that the morning Mass had ended.[61] On another occasion, John Bosco records that he saw Dominic in the chapel, speaking to God, and then waiting, as though listening to a reply.[60]


Special knowledge

John Bosco narrates how Dominic came to his room one day and urged him to accompany him. He led Bosco through many streets to a block of flats, rang the doorbell, and at once, went away. When the door opened, John Bosco found that within, there was a dying man who was desperately asking for a priest to make his last confession.[61] Later, John Bosco asked Dominic how he had known about that man. However, since the question made Dominic uncomfortable, John Bosco did not press the matter.[60]



Pope Pius IX formally defined the dogma of the Immaculate Conception and figured in a vision that occurred to Dominic Savio.

The vision of England

John Bosco records that Dominic once recounted to him a vision he had:[60]


"... . One morning as I was making my thanksgiving after Communion, a very strong distraction took hold of me. I thought I saw a great plain full of people enveloped in thick fog. They were walking about like people who had lost their way and did not know which way to turn. Someone near me said: 'This is England'. I was just going to ask some questions, when I saw Pope Pius IX just like I have seen him in pictures. He was robed magnificently and carried in his hand a torch alive with flames. As he walked slowly towards that immense gathering of people, the leaping flames from the torch dispelled the fog, and the people stood in the splendour of the noonday sun. 'That torch', said the one beside me, 'is the Catholic Faith, which is going to light up England'".

At his last goodbyes, Dominic requested John Bosco to tell the pope of his vision, which he did in 1858. The pope felt that this confirmed the plans he had already made concerning England.[61]


His mother's pregnancy

On 12 September 1856, Dominic asked John Bosco permission to go home, saying that his mother was ill, though he had received no communication. Dominic's mother was then expecting a baby and was in great pain,[62] and when Dominic reached the house, he hugged and kissed his mother, and then left. His mother felt her pain leave her and Dominic's baby sister, Catherine, was born. The women assisting at the birth found that Dominic had left a green scapular around his mother's neck. His sister Theresa later wore this same scapular when she was in labour. She testified that it had been passed around to several other pregnant women and was later lost.[63]


Charles Savio's vision of Dominic after his death

The veneration of Dominic Savio grew with an event narrated by his father:[64]


"I was in the greatest affliction at the loss of my son, and was consumed by a desire to know what was his position in the other world. God deigned to comfort me. About a month after his death, during a very restless night, I saw, as it were, the ceiling opened, and Dominic appeared in the midst of dazzling light. I was beside myself at this sight, and cried out: "O Dominic, my son, are you already in Paradise?" "Yes," he replied, "I am in Heaven." Then pray for your brothers and sisters, and your mother and father, that we may all come to join you one day in Heaven." "Yes, yes, I will pray," was the answer. "Then he disappeared, and the room became as before."

The Life of Dominic Savio


Don Bosco's biography of Dominic Savio contributed to his canonisation.

Soon after the death of Dominic, John Bosco wrote his biography, The Life of Dominic Savio, which contributed to his canonisation.[4] The original Italian edition was considered so well written during the time of Don Bosco that, along with his History of Italy and Ecclesiastical History, it was used in many public schools as part of the course materials on the Italian language.[65] Among the other writings of John Bosco[66] are the Biography of Fr. Joseph Cafasso,[20] The Life of Francis Besucco and The Life of Michael Magone.[67]



Pope Pius X set in motion the canonisation process for Dominic Savio.

Veneration

Though some were of an opinion that Dominic was too young to be canonised, Pope Pius X insisted that this was not so, and started the process of his canonisation.[68] Dominic Savio was declared Venerable in 1933 by Pope Pius XI, was beatified in 1950 by Pope Pius XII, and declared a saint in 1954.[35] Pope Pius XI described him as "small in size, but a towering giant in spirit."[29]


Memorials

Schools and other

United States

In the saint's honour, there are several schools with his namesake. These include Dominic Savio High School in Austin, Texas, a middle school in Niagara Falls, New York, and in East Boston, Massachusetts, a college preparatory school, Savio Preparatory High School, which closed in 2008. In Tempe, Arizona, St. Dominic Savio Academy[69] is a school for children with autism and related disorders. In Bellflower, CA, St. Dominic Savio School[70] is a Salesian elementary school. In St. Louis, MO, the St. Dominic Savio campus of Holy Cross Academy[71] serves Pre-K through 5th Grade.


United Kingdom

In the United Kingdom, there is a primary school named after him, in Woodley, Berkshire, a secondary school, Savio Salesian College, in Bootle, Merseyside, and Savio House Retreat Centre in Bollington, Cheshire, there is also a special educational needs school in Hambledon, Surrey that is named after Dominic Savio. A former Catholic church in Farnborough, Hampshire (registered between 1967 and 2003) was dedicated to him.[72][73]


Hong Kong

In Hong Kong, there is a kindergarten on Hong Kong Island named Dominic Savio Kindergarten.


Ireland

In Ireland there is a school called Saint Dominics in Kenagh, Co. Longford


India

In India, there are high schools named after the saint – St. Dominic Savio's High School (http://stdominicsavios.com), in Patna and St. Dominic Savio High School (http://www.stdominicsavio.com) in Mumbai. In Lucknow there in an Intermediate College named after the saint – St. Dominic Savio College. In Chennai TN, there is St. Dominic Savio Matriculation Higher Secondary School and in West Bengal, St. Dominic Savio School, a coeducational school in Howrah. In Kerala, there is Savio English School in Kozhencherry. In the district of Matunga, Mumbai, Savio Kindergarten is attached to Don Bosco High School.[74]


Malta

In Malta, the presence of the Salesians is felt strongly. In Dingli, Savio College (a secondary boys school for pupils aged 11–15) is dedicated to the saint. Furthermore, a Youth Centre or "Oratorju" (oratory) dedicated to the same saint is found in Birkirkara.


Belgium

In Belgium, there is a ‘dienstencentrum Gid(t)s’, commonly known as Dominiek Savio Instituut.[75]


Thailand

There is a school named after him – Saint Dominic School – in Bangkok.[76]


Indonesia

In Indonesia, there is a junior high school named Domenico Savio Junior High School,[77] in Semarang.


Philippines

In the Philippines, there is St. Dominic Savio School of Lapu Lapu City in Lapu Lapu City, Cebu, St. Dominic Savio School Of Kalookan City in Caloocan, St. Dominic School of Kalibo in Aklan, and St. Dominic Savio Learning Center in Parañaque. There is also a St. Dominic Savio Parish in Mandaluyong. There is a Dominic Savio St. In Barangay Don Bosco, Better Living Subd, Parañaque. There is a brass tribute memorial statue together with St. John Bosco and Blessed Laura Vicuña were located in St. John Bosco Parish Church in Makati, and also a colored tribute memorial statue located in Barangay Don Bosco beside PNCC Skyway Bldg. and near SM Bicutan in Parañaque, Metro Manila.


Australia

Dominic College is situated in Glenorchy, Tasmania.[78]


Dominic College is the result of the amalgamation of Savio College, Holy Name Secondary School for girls, Savio Primary and St. John's Primary Schools.


The school was formed in 1973 and was the first Co-educational Catholic College in the State of Tasmania. The school has classes from Kindergarten to Year Ten and the Senior Campus amalgamated with other Catholic Secondary Colleges in 1995 to form Guilford Young College.


St. Dominic's College, Penrith, near Sydney, New South Wales, was established as a Christian Brothers college in 1959. Still administered by Edmund Rice Education Australia it is still an independent Catholic all boys school years 7–12.


Savio is a house at Salesian College Chadstone, a year 7–12 boys' school.


Slovakia

In Slovakia, there are a few elementary schools named after the saint: the Elementary school of Dominic Savio in Zvolen founded in 1992,[79] the Elementary School of Dominic Savio in Dubnica nad Váhom founded in 1991 [80] and the Church Elementary School and Nursery of Dominic Savio in Vranov nad Topľou founded in 1992.[81]


Canada

There are five St. Dominic Savio Catholic Elementary Schools. One is located in Sainte-Catherine-de-Hatley, Quebec, one is located in Edmonton, Alberta,[82] the other in Regina, Saskatchewan,[83] one in Scarborough, Ontario.[84] and the other in the Waterloo Catholic District School Board in Kitchener, Ontario.





Saint John Before the Latin Gate



About the Feast

Commemorates the attempted martyrdom of Saint John the Apostle in 95. John was bound and brought to Rome, Italy from Ephesus by the order of Domitian; the Senate condemned him to be taken to the Latin Gate and thrown in a cauldron of boiling oil. John stepped out of the cauldron without injury, and instead was exiled to Patmos.



Blessed Anna Rosa Gattorno


Also known as

Rose Maria Benedetta



Profile

One of six children born to the wealthy, pious family of Francesco Benedetta and Adelaide Campanella Benedetta. Baptized the day after her birth, and confirmed at age 12. Educated at home, she was familiar with the politics and anti-clerical arguments of her day.


Married to Gerolamo Custo on 5 November 1852. The couple first moved to Marseilles, France, but financial difficulties forced them to return to Genoa, Italy. Their oldest child was rendered deaf and mute by illness. Gerolamo died of natural causes on 9 March 1858, leaving Rose Maria a widow with three children; the youngest died a few months later of natural causes.


While these miseries may have caused some to become angry with God, Rose Maria instead took them as a lesson, and an indication of vocation - she knew pain, poverty and trial, and was thus qualified to work with others experiencing them. Though she continued to provide for her children, she took private vows of chastity and obedience in 1858, a vow of poverty in 1861, and became a Franciscan tertiary. In 1862 she received the hidden stigmata.


Though she preferred silence and solitude, Catholic associations in Genoa began soliciting her help. President of the Pious Union of the New Ursuline Daughters of Holy Mary Immaculate, and revised its Rule. While working on it, she received a call to form her own congregation. Though she was encouraged by everyone, including the archbishop of Genoa, but she hesitated, fearing it would take her away from her children. She approached Pope Pius IX about it on 3 January 1866, hoping he would discourage the idea; he told her to begin work on it immediately.


With Father Giovannio Battista Tornatore, she co-founded the Institute of the Daughters of Saint Anne, Mother of Mary Immaculate in Piacenza, Italy on 8 December 1866 with a mandate to work with the poor and sick. She took the habit of the Institute on 26 July 1867, and on 8 April 1870 she and twelve sisters made their solemn profession, during which she took the name Anna Rosa. The Institute received official approval in 1879, and its rule was approved in 1892. She worked with Blessed John Baptist Scalabrini. By Anna Rosa's death there were 368 houses in Italy, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Peru, and Eritrea, they had built hostels, schools and kindergartens, had 3,500 sisters, and worked in a ministry to the deaf and mute. Today they are associated with the Movement of Hope, the Contemplative Order of the Daughters of Saint Anne, and the Sons of Saint Anne.


Born

14 October 1831 at Genoa, Italy as Rose Maria Benedetta


Died

9am on 6 May 1900 at Rome, Italy of influenza


Beatified

9 April 2000 by Pope John Paul II




Saint Francis de Montmorency Laval

† இன்றைய புனிதர் †

(மே 6)


✠ புனிதர் ஃபிரான்காய்ஸ் டி லாவல் ✠

(St. François de Laval)


கியூபெக் ஆயர் மற்றும் மறைப்பணியாளர்:

(Bishop of Québec, and Missionary)


பிறப்பு: ஏப்ரல் 30, 1623

மொண்டிக்னி-சுர்-அவ்ர், பேர்ச், ஃபிரான்ஸ் அரசு

(Montigny-sur-Avre, Perche, Kingdom of France)


இறப்பு: மே 6, 1708 (வயது 85)

கியூபெக், புதிய ஃபிரான்ஸ் வைசிராயல்டி, ஃபிரெஞ்ச் காலனி பேரரசு

(Quebec, Viceroyalty of New France, French colonial empire)


ஏற்கும் சமயம்:

ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை

(Roman Catholic Church)


முக்திபேறு பட்டம்: ஜூன் 22, 1980

திருத்தந்தை இரண்டாம் ஜான் பவுல்

(Pope John Paul II)


புனிதர் பட்டம்: ஏப்ரல் 3, 2014

திருத்தந்தை ஃபிரான்சிஸ்

(Pope Francis)


முக்கிய திருத்தலம்:

நோட்ரே-டேம் டி கியூபெக் ஆலயம், கியூபெக் நகரம்

(Notre-Dame de Québec Cathedral, Quebec City,  Quebec, Canada)


பொதுவாக "ஃபிரான்காய்ஸ் டி லாவல்" (François de Laval) என்று அழைக்கப்படும், "புனிதர் ஃபிரான்சிஸ்-சேவியர் டி மான்ட்மோரென்சி-லாவல்" (Saint Francis-Xavier de Montmorency-Laval), தமது 36 வயதில், திருத்தந்தை ஏழாம் அலெக்சாண்டர் (Pope Alexander VII) அவர்களால், "கனடா" (Canada) நாட்டின் கிழக்குப் பிராந்தியத்தின் "கியூபெக்" (Quebec) மாகாணத்தின், முதல் ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க ஆயராக நியமிக்கப்பட்டவர் ஆவார்.


லாவல், ஃபிரான்ஸ் (France) நாட்டின் மிகப் பழமையான உன்னதமான குடும்பங்களில் ஒன்றான "மோன்ட்மோரென்சி" (Montmorency) குடும்ப உறுப்பினராக இருந்தார். மேலும், அவரது காலத்தில் மிகவும் செல்வாக்கு மிக்க மனிதர்களில் ஒருவராகவும் இருந்தார்.


லாவல், கி.பி. 1623ம் ஆண்டு, ஏப்ரல் மாதம், 30ம் நாளன்று, பண்டைய மாகாணமான "பெர்ச்சில்" (Perche) உள்ள "மோன்டிக்னி-சுர்-அவ்ரே" (Montigny-Sur-Avre) நகரில் பிறந்தார். இவரது தந்தை பெயர் "ஹியூஜெஸ் டி லாவல்" (Hugues de Laval) ஆகும். அவரது தாயார், "மிச்சேல் டி பெரிகார்ட்" (Michelle de Péricard), "நார்மண்டியில்" (Normandy) உள்ள அரச பரம்பரை அதிகாரிகளின் குடும்பத்தைச் சேர்ந்தவர் ஆவார். அவரது உன்னத வம்சாவளியாக இருந்தபோதிலும், அவரது பெற்றோர் செல்வந்தர்களாக கருதப்படவில்லை. லாவலுக்கு மேலும் ஐந்து சகோதரர்களும் இரண்டு சகோதரிகளும் இருந்தனர். அவரது இளைய சகோதரர் "ஹென்றி" (Henri), "பெனடிக்டைன்" (Benedictine Order) சபையில் இணைந்தார். அவரது சகோதரி "அன்னி சார்லோட்" (Anne Charlotte), :ஆசீர்வதிக்கப்பட்ட அருட்சாதன சகோதரியர்" (Congregation of Sisters of the Blessed Sacrament) சபையில் இணைந்தார்.


அவரது வாழ்நாள் முழுவதும், லாவலின் தாய் தொடர்ந்து பக்திக்கு ஒரு முன்மாதிரியாக பணியாற்றினார். மேலும், அதிர்ஷ்டமற்ற ஏழை எளிய மக்களுக்கு தொண்டு செய்யும்படி அவரை ஊக்குவித்து வந்தார். ஒரு திருச்சபை வாழ்க்கை முறைக்கு விதிக்கப்பட்டதாக பெரும்பாலும் விவரிக்கப்படும் லாவல், ஒரு தெளிவான பார்வை மற்றும் புத்திசாலித்தனமான சிறுவனாக விரைவில் அங்கீகரிக்கப்பட்டார்.


இதன் விளைவாக, அவர் விஷேட பதவிகளை உள்ளடக்கியவர்களின் குழுக்களைக் கொண்ட "பரிசுத்த கன்னி மரியாள் சபையில்" அனுமதிக்கப்பட்டார். இது, இளைஞர்களை ஆன்மீக வாழ்க்கை முறைகளை பின்பற்ற ஊக்குவிப்பதை நோக்கமாகக் கொண்டிருந்த, மேலும் வழக்கமான ஜெபத்தையும் ஆன்மீக நடைமுறைகளையும் ஊக்குவித்த இயேசுசபையினரால் நிறுவப்பட்ட ஒரு சமூகமாகும். எட்டு வயதில், லாவல் "டான்சரை" (Tonsure) (சமயச் சடங்குக்காக தலையை முழுவதுமோ (அ) பகுதியாகவோ மழித்தல்) ஏற்றார். பின்னர் கி.பி. 1631ம் ஆண்டு, "லா ஃப்லெச் கல்லூரியில்" (College of La Flèche) சேர அவர் அனுமதிக்கப்பட்டார்.


மேலும், இந்த காலகட்டத்தில்தான், கனடாவில் "ஹூரான்" (Huron) இன மக்கள் மத்தியில் இயேசுசபையினரின் பணிகள் பற்றிய தகவல்களுடன் லாவல் தொடர்பு கொண்டார். இது அவரது பாதுகாவலர், புனிதர் ஃபிரான்சிஸ் சேவியரைப் (St. Francis Xavier) போலவே மிஷனரியாக வேண்டும் என்ற அவரது விருப்பத்தையும் ஆர்வத்தையும் அதிகரித்தது.


கி.பி. 1637ம் ஆண்டு, இவர் "எவ்ரியக்ஸ் பேராலய நியதியாக" (Canon of Cathedral of Évreux) ஆயரால் நியமிக்கப்பட்டார். கி.பி. 1636ம் ஆண்டு, செப்டம்பர் மாதம், லாவலின் தந்தை இறந்த பின்னர் இவர் வகித்த இந்த நிலைப்பாடு முக்கிய முக்கியத்துவம் வாய்ந்தது என்பதை நிரூபித்தது. தந்தையின் மரணம், அவரது குடும்பத்தை ஒரு ஆபத்தான நிதி சூழ்நிலையில் விட்டுச் சென்றது. அந்த பதவியில் இணைக்கப்பட்ட (Prebend) எனப்படும் கிறிஸ்தவக் கோயிலின் உறுப்பினருக்கு அளிக்கப்படும் மானியப் பகுதியிலிருந்து வருவாயைப் பெற இது அவரை அனுமதித்தது. அது இல்லாவிடில், அவர் தனது கல்வியைத் தொடர முடியாமல் போயிருக்கும். தமது பத்தொன்பது வயதில் தனது பண்டைய கிரேக்க இலத்தீன் கலைக்குரிய கல்வியை (Classical education) முடித்தவுடன், "லா ஃப்ளூச்" (La Flèche) நகரிலிருந்து கிளம்பி, பாரிஸில் (Paris) உள்ள "கிளெர்மான்ட்" (College de Clermont) கல்லூரியில் தத்துவம் மற்றும் இறையியலில் தனது கல்வியைத் தொடர்ந்தார்.


அவரது இரண்டு மூத்த சகோதரர்களின் மரணம் காரணமாக லாவலின் திட்டங்கள் நிறுத்தப்பட்டன. இது அவரை குடும்பத்தின் தலைவராக மாற்றியது. இந்த கட்டத்தில், லாவல் தனது தந்தையின் தோட்டத்தை பொறுப்பேற்றுக்கொள்வதற்காக தனது ஆன்மீக, திருச்சபை வாழ்க்கையை கைவிடுவதற்கான முடிவை எதிர்கொண்டார். உண்மையில், அவரது தாயார், எவ்ரூக்ஸ் ஆயர், மற்றும் அவரது உறவினர் அனைவரும் அவரை பாரிஸ் நகரை விட்டு வெளியேறி வீடு திரும்பும்படி சமாதானப்படுத்த முயன்றனர். ஆயினும்கூட, லாவல் தனது குடும்பத்தின் அழுத்தத்திற்கு அடிபணிய மறுத்தார். தனது தாய்க்கு குடும்ப விவகாரங்களை ஒழுங்காக அமைக்க உதவியதுடன், தனது முதன்மையான பொறுப்புக்களை முழுமையாக கைவிட ஏற்பாடு செய்தார். பின்னர் அவரது சகோதரர் ஜீன் லூயிஸுக்கு (Jean-Louis) தமது பொறுப்புக்களை மாற்றித் தந்தார்.


கி.பி. 1647ம் ஆண்டு, மே மாதம், முதல் தேதி, தமது இருபத்துநான்கு வயதில்,லாவல் குருத்துவ அருட்பொழிவு பெற்றார். இதற்குப் பிறகு, எவ்ரெக்ஸின் ஆயர், லாவலை தனது திருச்சபை பாதையை கைவிடுமாறு சமாதானப்படுத்த முயற்சித்ததற்கு வருத்தப்படத் தொடங்கினார். எனவே, கி.பி. 1647ம் ஆண்டு, டிசம்பர் மாதம், அவரை தனது மறைமாவட்டத்தின் தலைமை திருத்தொண்டராக (Archdeacon) நியமிக்க முடிவு செய்தார். 155 பங்குகள் மற்றும் நான்கு சிற்றாலயங்களின் விவகாரங்களை மேற்பார்வையிட லாவலுக்கு இப்பதவி அவசியப்பட்டது. லாவல் இந்த பணியை உணர்ச்சிபூர்வமாகவும், தீவிர ஆர்வத்தோடும் அணுகுவதாகக் கூறப்பட்டது. அடுத்தடுத்த ஆண்டுகளில், பங்குகளில் ஒழுங்கை நிறுவுவதற்கும், ஏழைகளுக்கு நிவாரணம் வழங்குவதற்கும், நோயுற்றவர்களை கவனித்துக்கொள்வதற்கும், பல்வேறு வகையான தொண்டு நடவடிக்கைகளில் ஈடுபடுவதற்கும் அவர் தன்னை அர்ப்பணித்தார். அவரது இதே நடத்தை பின்னர், அவரது வாழ்க்கையில் முற்றிலும் மாறுபட்ட கண்டத்தில் தொடர்ந்தது.


நற்செய்தியைப் பிரசங்கிக்கவும், பயணிக்கவும் ஒரு மறைப்பணி மிஷனரியாக மாற வேண்டும் என்று லாவல் கனவு கண்டார். மிஷனரியாக பணியாற்றுவதற்கான சாத்தியம் அவருக்கு வழங்கப்பட்டபோது, அவர் 1654ம் ஆண்டு, தனது பங்கில் இருந்து தமது தலைமை திருத்தொண்டர் பதவியை ராஜினாமா செய்தார்.


லாவல் இப்போது தமது எல்லாப் பொறுப்பிலிருந்தும் விடுவிக்கப்பட்டார். இதனால் ஜெபத்தின் மூலம், கடவுள் அவருக்காகக் கொண்டிருக்கும் வடிவமைப்புகளுக்காக தன்னைத் தயார்படுத்திக் கொள்ள முடிவு செய்தார். ஃபிரான்ஸ் நாட்டின் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபையின் சீர்திருத்தத்தில் ஒரு தலைவராக இருந்த பொதுநிலையினரான "ஜீன் டி பெர்னியர்ஸ் டி லூவிக்னி" (Jean de Bernières de Louvigny) என்பவரால் இயக்கப்படும் துறவுமடம் (Hermitage) என்று அழைக்கப்படும் ஆன்மீக தியான இல்லங்களில் தங்குவதற்காக அவர் வடமேற்கு ஃபிரான்ஸிலுள்ள "கெய்ன்" (Caen) நகருக்குச் பயணித்தார்.


மூன்று வருடங்கள் அங்கேயே இருந்த லாவல், பிரார்த்தனை மற்றும் தொண்டு நடவடிக்கைகளில் தன்னை ஈடுபடுத்திக் கொண்டார். இந்த சமயத்தில்தான், மிகவும் தளர்வான ஒழுக்கநெறிகள் கொண்டது என்று கருதப்பட்ட  ஒரு மடத்தை சீர்திருத்துவதற்கான பொறுப்பை ஏற்றுக்கொண்டார்.  அதே போல் கன்னியாஸ்திரிகளின் இரண்டு மடங்களின் நிர்வாகியாகவும் ஆனார். இந்த திட்டங்களுக்கான அவரது அர்ப்பணிப்பு அவருக்கு "பேயக்ஸ் ஆயர்" (Bishop of Bayeux) ஃபிரான்காய்ஸ் டி செர்வியன்" (François de Servien) என்பவரது பாராட்டுக்களைப் பெற்றது. அவர் லாவலை மிகுந்த பக்தியான, விவேகமுள்ள மற்றும் வணிக விஷயங்களில் வழக்கத்திற்கு மாறாக சிறந்த திறமையான, நல்லொழுக்கத்தின் சிறந்த எடுத்துக்காட்டுகள் நிறைந்தவர் என்று ஆயர் வர்ணித்தார். லாவல் இப்போது ஆத்மீக சமூகத்தில் நன்கு அறியப்பட்டவர் ஆனார். மற்றும் அவரது வாழ்க்கையில் அடுத்த கட்டத்தை நோக்கி நகர தயாராக இருந்தார்.


கனடிய திருச்சபை தந்தை:

புதிய ஃபிரான்ஸ் காலனிக்கான ஆயராக லாவல் பரிந்துரைக்கப்பட்டதன் விளைவாக காலனியின் திருச்சபை நிலை தொடர்பான பதட்டங்களை அதிகரித்தன. புதிய ஃபிரான்ஸ் காலனி குடியேற்ற காலம் முதல் 50 ஆண்டுகள் வரை, ஒரு ஆயர் இல்லாமல் இருந்தது. இந்த நேரத்தில், ஆன்மீக விஷயங்கள் பெரும்பாலும் காலனியின் ஆன்மீக அதிகாரிகளால் ஒழுங்குபடுத்தப்பட்டன. அதிகாரம் நினைவுகூரல்களிலிருந்து இயேசுசபை குருக்களுக்கு நகர்ந்தது. கி.பி. 1646ம் ஆண்டில், ரோமில் இருந்து வந்த அழுத்தங்கள் காரணமாக, ரூயன் பேராயர் (Archbishop of Rouen) புதிய ஃபிரான்ஸில் உள்ள திருச்சபையின் உடனடி அதிகாரியாக அதிகாரப்பூர்வமாக அங்கீகரிக்கப்பட்டார். இந்த அங்கீகாரத்துடன் கூட, பேராயரின் அதிகாரம் காலனிக்கு பயணிக்கும் மதகுருக்களுக்கு ஆசிரியர்களை வழங்குவது வரை மட்டுமே நீட்டிக்கப்பட்டது. இந்த நேரத்தில், புதிய ஃபிரான்ஸ் காலனிக்கு இன்னும் உடனடி ஆயர்கள் தேவை என்பது ஏற்கனவே தெளிவானது.


ஒரு புதிய ஆயரை நியமிப்பது என்பது, இயேசுசபையினருக்கும், புதிதாய் வந்த சல்பீசியன் (Sulpicians) குருக்களுக்குமிடையே கடினமானதும், ஒரு சர்ச்சைக்குரிய பிரச்சினையாகவும் இருந்து வந்தது. இந்த நேரத்தில் சுயாதீனமாக பணியாற்றுவதில் மிகவும் பழக்கமாக இருந்த இயேசுசபையினர், ஒரு சல்பிசியன் ஆயரிடம் தாம் கட்டுப்படுத்தப்படுவோம் என்று அஞ்சினர். ஒரு சல்பீசியன் ஆயர், தங்களது கட்டுப்பாட்டைக் குறைமதிப்பிற்கு உட்படுத்துவார் என்றும், இறுதியில் திருச்சபையை ஆட்சியாளர்களுக்கு அடிபணியச் செய்வார் என்ற நம்பிக்கை அவர்களின் அசௌகரியமாக அவர்களுக்கு தோன்றியது. சல்பீசியர்கள், தங்களது "கேப்ரியல் துபியர்ஸ் டி லெவி டி கியூலஸ்" (Gabriel Thubières de Levy de Queylus) என்பவரை முன்மொழிய முனைப்பாக இருந்தபோது, இயேசுசபையினர் லாவலுக்கு தங்கள் ஆதரவைத் திருப்பினர். அரசியின் தாயாரான "ஆஸ்திரியாவின் அன்னி" (Anne of Austria) உதவியுடன் அரச அங்கீகாரத்தைப் பெறுவது சிறிய சவாலை அளித்தது.


திருத்தந்தையின் உறுதிப்படுத்துதல் கிடைப்பதில் இருந்த தாமதம், இயேசுசபையினருக்கும் லாவலுக்கும் தடையாக இருந்தது. ஒரு ஆயர் தேவை என்று அவர்கள் இயேசுசபையினருடன் உடன்பட்டனர். இருப்பினும்,  லாவல் ஆயரானால், இயேசுசபையினருக்கு மீண்டும் காலனியின் மீது ஏகபோக உரிமையை வழங்க முடியும் என்று அவர்கள் அஞ்சினர். இயேசுசபையினருக்கும் ரோம் தலைமைக்கும் இடையிலான சமரசத்தில், லாவல் புதிய ஃபிரான்ஸ் காலனியின் அப்போஸ்தலிக் விகாராக (Apostolic Vicar of New France) நியமிக்கப்பட்டார்.


அப்போஸ்தலிக் விகாராக நியமிக்கப்படுவதோடு, கனடாவில் திருச்சபையை கட்டியெழுப்ப அவருக்கு தேவையான சக்தியை வழங்குவதற்காகவும், "பார்ட்டிபஸ்" (Partibus) நகர ஆயராக அங்கீகரிக்கப்பட்ட லாவல், கி.பி. 1658ம் ஆண்டு, டிசம்பர் மாதம், 8ம் தேதி, கியூபெக்கின் விகார் அப்போஸ்தலிக் (Vicar Apostolic of Quebec) ஆக, பாரிஸ் நகரிலுள்ள தேவாலயத்தில் அருட்பொழிவு செய்யப்பட்டார். அரச விசுவாச சத்திய பிரமாணம் செய்த லா, "லா ரோச்" (La Rochelle) நகரிலிருந்து புதிய ஃபிரான்ஸ் காலனிக்கு கி.பி. 1659ம் ஆண்டு, ஏப்ரல் மாதம், 13ம் தேதி, பயணப்பட்டார். அதே ஆண்டின் ஜூன் மாதம், 16ம் நாளன்று, அவர் கியூபெக்கிற்கு வந்தார். வந்தவுடனேயே லாவல் தனது பணிகளைத் தொடங்கினார். அவரது கப்பல் வந்த அதே நாளில், அவர் ஒரு இளம் ஹூரோன் வாசிக்கு திருமுழுக்கு அளித்தார். இறக்கும் தருவாயில் இருந்த மனிதன் ஒருவருக்கு தனது கடைசி அருட்சாதனங்களை வழங்கினார்.


பல்வேறு சீர்திருத்தப் பணிகளை மேற்கொண்ட லாவல், கைவினைஞர்களுக்கும், விவசாயிகளுக்கும், நடைமுறைக் கல்வி கற்பிப்பதில் ஆர்வம் காட்டினார். "செயிண்ட்-ஜோச்சிம்" (Saint-Joachim) நகரில் கலை மற்றும் கைவினைப் பள்ளியை நிறுவினார்.


பிற்பகுதியில் ஆண்டுகள்:

நியூ ஃபிரான்ஸ் காலனியில் அவர் வந்ததிலிருந்து, காலனியில் குருக்களை பயிற்றுவிப்பதற்கு மேல், ஒரு சிறிய அமைப்பை நிறுவவும் ஒழுங்கமைக்கவும் லாவல் வலியுறுத்தி வந்தார். 1678ம் ஆண்டில், காலனியில் நிரந்தர அமைப்புகள் அமைக்கப்படும் என்று கூறி அரசரிடமிருந்து ஒரு அரசாணையைப் பெற்றார். சில ஆண்டுகளுக்குப் பிறகு, 1681ம் ஆண்டில், திருச்சபையின் நிலைப்பாட்டை நிரந்தரமாக உறுதிப்படுத்தும் முயற்சியில் லாவல் திருச்சபைகளின் எல்லைகளை வரைந்தார். ஒவ்வொரு பங்கினையும் அடிக்கடி பார்வையிட்ட லாவல், அவரது உடல்நிலை குறைந்து வருவதையும், இனி அகாடியா (Acadia) முதல், மிச்சிகன் ஏரி (Lake Michigan) வரை விரிவாக்கம் பெற்ற தனது பெரிய மறைமாவட்டத்தை இயக்க முடியாது என்பதையும் உணர்ந்தார். இதன் விளைவாக, 1688ம் ஆண்டு, ஜீன்-பாப்டிஸ்ட் டி லா குரோயிக்ஸ் டி செவ்ரியர்ஸ் டி செயிண்ட்-வள்ளியர் (Jean-Baptiste de La Croix de Chevrières de Saint-Vallier) என்பவருக்கு தனது ஆயர் பொறுப்புகளை வழங்கினார்.


லாவல் தனது கடைசி நாட்கள் வரை காலனியின் உயர் ஆன்மீக அதிகாரிகளுடன் தொடர்ந்து ஒத்துழைத்தார். அவர் தம்மிடமுள்ள இருப்பு மற்றும் தர்மமாக கிடைத்த பரிசுகளை ஏழைகளுக்கு கொடுத்து உதவினார். உடல்நலம் குறைந்து கொண்டிருந்த போதிலும், அவர் ஒரு திருப்பலியையோ, அல்லது ஒரு நாள் உண்ணாவிரதத்தையோ தவறவிட்டதில்லை. கி.பி. 1707ம் ஆண்டு வாக்கில், புற்றுநோயால் பாதிக்கப்பட்ட அவர், இறுதியில் கி.பி. 1708ம் ஆண்டு, மே மாதம், 6ம் தேதியன்று, மரித்தார்.

Also known as

François de Montmorency Laval



Profile

Third son of Hughes de Laval, an aristocrat soldier, and Michelle de Péricard. His was an old, distinguished and religious family, and Francis early felt a call to the priesthood. Educated by Jesuits at La Fleche from ages eight to fourteen. His father died when the boy was thirteen, and as clerical positions were often as much politics as religion, Francis was made a parish canon so that his salary could help support the family. Studied for the priesthood at the Jesuit Clermont College in Paris, France at age nineteen, but withdrew for a while in 1645 when his two older brothers died and he was forced to manage the family estates. Ordained on 1 May 1647. Archdeacon of Evreux. Member of the Paris Foreign Mission Society at age thirty. Vicar apostolic of Tongkin, Indochina (modern Vietnam) in 1653, but family obligations and the turmoil of the region prevented him moving there. Resigned his position in 1654 to spend four years in a hermitage in Caen. Titular bishop of Petraea.


Appointed vicar apostolic of New France (modern Canada) by Pope Alexander VII in 1658. Consecrated as bishop on 8 December 1658. Arrived in Quebec City, population 500, to take up his new duties on 16 June 1659. His territory covered all of Canada and the central section of what would become the United States. It was an enormous frontier diocese in need of administration, stability, and evangelization, and Francis approached it as spiritual work. He promoted missionary work, and supported missionaries from the Jesuits and Recollect Franciscans. Restored the shrine of Saint Anne de Beaupré, and built the cathedral of the Immaculate Conception. Founded the seminary of Quebec in 1663, and started the Catholic school system throughout Canada. Quebec was established as a diocese in 1674, and Laval consecrated its first bishop. Fought the alcohol trade to the Indian tribes, had it outlawed within his territory, and excommunicated those who dealt in it. His work slowed the trade and improved the lives of the natives, but made him many enemies within the liquor trade.


In 1684 he went into retirement, becoming a hermit at the seminary in Quebec, hoping to live out his life in prayer. However, disastrous fires in November 1701 and October 1705 brought him out of retirement to oversee needed re-construction, he was ever involved in charitable work for the poor, and available to consult with his successor. Laval University in Quebec is named for him.


Born

30 April 1623 in Montigny-sur-Avre, Normandy, France


Died

6 May 1708 in Quebec, Canada of natural causes


Canonized

3 April 2014 by Pope Francis (equipollent canonization)


Patronage

patrons of the bishops of Canada




Blessed Maria Catalina Troiani


Also known as

Maria Caterina of Saint Rose



Profile

Third of four children born to Tommaso Troiani and Teresa Panici, her mother died when the Maria was six. Franciscan tertiary, dedicated to the teachings of Saint Francis, and to the care and education of girls. Franciscan nun, taking the habit on 8 December 1829, and taking the name Sister Maria Teresa of Saint Rose in honour of Saint Rose of Viterbo. Missionary to north Africa. In 1852 the Apostolic Vicar of Egypt requested a Franciscan school for poor girls be established in Cairo; Maria and four other sisters met with Pope Pius IX on 4 September 1859 to offer their service, and he gave them his blessing. The sisters and Father Giuseppe Moden arrived in Cairo on 14 September 1859 to begin their work. On 5 July 1868, the group received approval as a formal congregation under the name Third Order Franciscan Sisters of Cairo; they were later renamed the Franciscan Missionary Sisters of Egypt, and in 1950 were renamed the Franciscan Missionaries of the Immaculate Heart of Mary. From the day of their founding until the day of her death, Sister Maria served as Mother Superior to the group. Pope Leo XIII always held her in high regard.


Born

19 January 1813 in Giuliano di Roma, Italy


Died

• 6 May 1887 in Cairo, Egypt of natural causes

• buried in the Latin cemetery in Cairo

• re-interred in the chapel of Clot-Bey, church of the Immaculate Heart of Mary, Franciscan Missionaries of the Immaculate Heart of Mary, Rome, Italy on 3 November 1967


Beatified

14 April 1985 by Pope John Paul II


Patronage

Franciscan Missionaries of the Immaculate Heart of Mary



Blessed Bartolomeo Pucci-Franceschi


Profile

Born to the wealthy Tuscan nobility. Married and the father of four. Noted for his charity to the poor, especially in times of famine. In 1290, when his children were grown, Bartolomeo left his wealth and family to become a Franciscan friar at the convent of San Francisco in Montepulciano, Italy. Many of the locals considered him insane to give up the one social position for the other, but he was a model of religious devotion. Priest. Received visions of Mary and the angels, and was known as a miracle worker.



Born

latter 13th century in Montepulciano, Tuscany, Italy


Died

• 6 May 1330 in Montepulciano, Tuscany, Italy of natural causes

• buried in the church of his monastery

• relics later enshrined in two urns in the church

• relics transferred to the church of San Agostino in 1930


Beatified

24 June 1880 by Pope Leo XIII (cultus confirmation)



Blessed Anthony Middleton


Additional Memorial

29 October as one of the Martyrs of Douai


Profile

Son of Ambrose Middleton of Barnard Castle, Durham, England, and Cecil, daughter of Anthony Crackenthorpe of Howgill Castle, Westmoreland, England. Entered the English College at Rheims, France on 9 January 1582. Ordained on 30 May 1586. Returned to England to minister to covert Catholics in the area of London. Arrested for the crime of priesthood; captured in a residence in Clerkenwell, London by a priest-catcher who claimed to be a Catholic who needed a priest. Martyr.


Born

Middleton Tyas, North Yorkshire, England


Died

hanged, drawn and quartered on 6 May 1590 in London, England


Beatified

15 December 1929 by Pope Pius XI


Readings

I call God to witness I die merely for the Catholic Faith, and for being a priest of the true Religion. - Blessed Anthony's last words, spoken from the scaffold as he was about to be hanged



Blessed Edward Jones


Additional Memorial

29 October as one of the Martyrs of Douai


Profile

Raised as an Anglican, he converted to Catholicism and was received into the Church at the English College in Rheims, France in 1587. Ordained in 1588. Returned to England to minister to covert Catholics. Arrested in 1590 in a grocer's in Fleet Street in London, England by a priest-catcher who pretended to be a Catholic in need of a priest. Imprisoned and tortured in the Tower of London, he admitted to being a priest. At his trial for the crime of priesthood, he argued that his confession was obtained by torture and thus not legally sufficient to condemn him. The court complimented him on his arguments and his court-room demeanor, then condemned to death and had him immediately executed. Martyr.


Born

Diocese of Saint Asaph, Wales


Died

hanged, drawn and quartered on 6 May 1590 on Fleet Street in London, England


Beatified

15 December 1929 by Pope Pius XI



Saint Edbert of Lindisfarne


Also known as

Eadbert, Eadbeorht, Eadberht


Profile

Monk of Lindisfarne Abbey. Noted for his personal sanctity, his extensive Bible knowledge, and his charity to the poor; he annually gave away a tenth of his goods and property. Bishop of Lindisfarne, England for eleven years; successor to Saint Cuthbert. Even as bishop he would make two 40-day retreats each year to live as a hermit in meditation. Built several churches in the region, and improved the structures at Lindisfarne. Bede wrote about him.


Born

7th century England


Died

• 6 May 698 of natural causes

• buried in the grave that had held Cuthbert's remains before they were translated to chapel

• Edbert's relics were translated to Durham, England in 875



Blessed Ponzio of Barellis


Profile

Ponzio received a doctorate in civil law before joining the Mercedarians. Appointed Master-General of the Mercedarians by Pope Clement VI in 1348. He was an active leader and administrator, rebuilding the Order following the losses members and houses caused by plague. He led to the redeeming of 1,600 Christians who had been enslaved by Muslims. Known by those close to him for his piety, and as a miracle worker.


Born

Toulouse, France


Died

• 17 October 1364 in Toulouse, France

• buried at the convent of Perpignan, France



Saint Petronax of Monte Cassino



Also known as

• Petronax of Brescia

• Second Founder of Monte Cassino


Profile

Benedictine monk at Brescia, Italy. Abbot. On assignment from Pope Gregory II in 717, he re-built, re-staffed and re-invigorated the monastery at Monte Cassino, Italy following the Lombard invasions that had left the place damaged and deserted. He served as abbot there, and by the time of his death, the abandoned structure was a center for learning and holiness again. Spiritual teacher of Saint Willibald and Saint Sturmius of Fulda.


Born

c.670 at Brescia, Lombardy, northern Italy


Died

c.747 of natural causes



Blessed Henryk Kaczorowski


Additional Memorial

12 June as one of the 108 Martyrs of World War Two



Profile

Priest. Rector of the major seminary of Wloclawek, Poland. Arrested in 1939 during the Nazi persecutions, he kept his faith and ministered to other prisoners in the camps.


Born

10 July 1888 in Bierzwiennej, Wielkopolskie, Poland


Died

gassed on 6 May 1942 in the concentration camp at Dachau, Bavaria, Germany


Beatified

13 June 1999 by Pope John Paul II at Warsaw, Poland



Saint James of Numidia


Also known as

• James of Lambesa

• James of Lambaesis

• James of Lambese


Profile

Deacon in the same church as Saint Marianus, and imprisoned with him at Cirta (modern Constantine, Algeria) in the persecutions of Valerian. Tortured over several days to force him from his faith. During this torment he had a dream that showed him final triumph. Martyred with hundreds of others. His story was recorded by a fellow prisoner who was not killed.


Died

tortured and beheaded 6 May 259 at Lambesa, Numidia (Algeria)



Saint Venerius of Milan


Profile

Friend of Saint Paulinus of Nola, Saint Delphinus of Bordeaux, and Saint Chromatius of Aquileia. Ordained as a deacon by Saint Ambrose of Milan. Second bishop of Milan c.400. Supported the Council of Carthage in 401. Supported Saint John Chrysostom in his disputes.



Died

• 409 of natural causes

• relics translated to the cathedral of Milan, Italy in 1579 by Saint Charles Borromeo



Blessed Kazimierz Gostynski


Also known as

Casimir Gostynski


Additional Memorial

12 June as one of the 108 Martyrs of World War Two


Profile

Priest. Arrested in 1939 during the Nazi persecutions, he kept his faith and ministered to other prisoners in the camps.


Born

8 April 1884 in Warsaw, Poland


Died

gassed on 6 May 1942 in the concentration camp at Dachau, Bavaria, Germany


Beatified

13 June 1999 by Pope John Paul II at Warsaw, Poland



Saint Evodius of Antioch


Profile

Traditionally one of the 72 disciples commissioned by Jesus. Priest. Bishop of Antioch, probably ordained by Saint Peter the Apostle. The first person known to use the word Christian in his writings. Worked with Saint Ignatius of Antioch. Martyr.


Died

c.69



Saint Colman Mac Ui Cluasigh of Cork


Profile

7th-century professor and prayerful poet in Cork, Ireland. Led his students on a pilgrimage to a small island to save them from plague that ravaged Ireland in 664.


Died

7th century



Saint Benedicta of Rome


Also known as

Benedikta


Profile

Nun in 6th century Rome, Italy. Friend of Saint Galla who had founded their monastery. She received a vision of Saint Peter the Apostle warning her of her death.


Died

c.546 of natural causes



Blessed Peter de Tornamira


Profile

Mercedarian friar at the convent of San Michele del Monte in Zaragoza, Spain. Worked with Blessed William Tani to free 212 Christians enslaved by Muslim invaders in Granada, Spain. Missionary preacher in Granada.



Blessed William Tandi

Profile

Mercedarian friar at the convent of San Michele del Monte in Zaragoza, Spain. Worked with Blessed Peter de Tornamira to free 212 Christians enslaved by Muslim invaders in Granada, Spain. Missionary preacher in Granada.



Blessed Prudence Castori


Profile

Augustinian nun in Milan, Italy. Founded an Augustinian convent in Como, Italy, and served as its abbess.


Born

Milan, Italy


Died

1492 of natural causes



Saint Lucius of Cyrene


Also known as

• Lukius

• Lukios


Profile

First bishop of Cyrene, Libya. He is mentioned by Saint Luke the Apostle in the Acts of the Apostles.



Saint Venustus of Africa


Profile

Martyred with 75 other Christians in the perscutions of Diocletian.


Died

late 3rd century in Africa



Saint Protogenes of Syria


Profile

Fourth century priest. Exiled by the Arian Emperor Valens, he was recalled under Emperor Theodosius. Bishop of Carrhae, Syria.



Saint Theodotus of Kyrenia


Profile

Bishop of Kyrenia, Cyprus. Imprisoned, tortured and executed in the persecutions of Licinius. Martyr.



Saint Colman of Loch Echin


Profile

Listed in the Martyrologies of Tallagh and Donegal, but no details of his life have survived.



Saint Heliodorus


Profile

Martyred with 75 other Christians in the perscutions of Diocletian.


Died

late 3rd century in Africa



Saint Marianus of Lambesa


Profile

Lector. Martyr.


Died

beheaded in 259 at Lambesa, North Africa



Saint Justus of Vienne


Profile

Bishop of Vienne, France.


Died

168 of natural causes



Saint Venustus of Milan


Profile

Martyr in Milan, Italy in the persecutions of Diocletian.



Saint Acuta


Profile

Martyr.


Died

Milan, Italy