புனிதர்களை பெயர் வரிசையில் தேட

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31 May 2022

இன்றைய புனிதர்கள் ஜீன் 02

 Saint Erasmus

 ஃபோர்மியா நகர் புனிதர் எராஸ்மஸ் 

(St. Erasmus of Formia)

மறைசாட்சி, ஃபோர்மியா ஆயர்:

(Martyr, Bishop of Formiae)

பிறப்பு: 3ம் நூற்றாண்டு

இறப்பு: கி.பி 303

இல்லரிகம் (நவீனகால குரோஷியா)

(Illyricum (modern-day Croatia))

ஏற்கும் சமயம்:

ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை

(Roman Catholic Church)

கிழக்கு மரபுவழி திருச்சபை

(Eastern Orthodox Church)

நினைவுத் திருநாள்: ஜூன் 2

பாதுகாவல்:

குடல் அழற்சிக்கு எதிராக, பிறப்பு வலிக்கு எதிராக, வயிற்று வலி மற்றும் நோய்களுக்கு எதிராக, குடல் வாயு அல்லது குடலில் அடைப்பு ஏற்படுவதால் அடிவயிற்றில் கடுமையான, பெரும்பாலும் ஏற்ற இறக்கமான வலிக்கு எதிராக, கடலில் ஏற்படும் ஆபத்துக்கு எதிராக, கடல் நோய்களுக்கு எதிராக, புயல்களுக்கு எதிராக, வெடிமருந்துகள், வெடிபொருட்கள் மற்றும் துப்பாக்கித் தொழிலாளர்கள், படகோட்டிகள், கடற்படையினர், மாலுமிகள், பிரசவம் மற்றும் பிரசவத்தில் உள்ள பெண்கள், வழிகாட்டிகள், கேட்டா (Gaeta), இத்தாலி (Italy), ஃபார்மியா (Formia), கால்நடை பூச்சி (Cattle pest), செயின்ட் எல்மோ கோட்டை (Fort St. Elmo), மால்டா (Malta).

புனிதர் "எல்மோ" (Saint Elmo) என்றும் அழைக்கப்படும் ஃபார்மியா நகர் புனிதர் எராஸ்மஸ் (Erasmus of Formia), கி.பி. 303ம் ஆண்டு மரித்த, ஒரு கிறிஸ்தவ துறவியும், மற்றும் மறைசாட்சியும் ஆவார். எராஸ்மஸ் அல்லது எல்மோ, பதினான்கு தூய உதவியாளர்கள் (Fourteen Holy Helpers) என்றழைக்கப்படும் புனிதர்களுள் ஒருவர் ஆவார். கிறிஸ்தவ பாரம்பரியத்தின்படி, இப்புனிதர்கள், பிறரின் செப பரிந்துரையாளர்களாக வணங்கப்படுகிறார்கள்.

வாழ்க்கையின் ஆவணம்:

புனிதர் எராஸ்மஸின் நடவடிக்கைகள், ஓரளவு புராணக்கதைகளிலிருந்து தொகுக்கப்பட்டவை ஆகும். அவை அந்தியோக்கியாவின் சிரிய ஆயர் (Syrian bishop), அந்தியோக்கியாவின் எராஸ்மஸுடன் (Erasmus of Antioch) குழப்பமடைகின்றன. பொற்கால புராணங்களின்படி, ஜேக்கபஸ் டி வோராகின் (Jacobus de Voragine) அவரை அனைத்து இத்தாலிய காம்பானியா (Italian Campania) மீதும், ஃபார்மியாவின் ஆயராககவும் (Bishop at Formia), லெபனான் மலையில் (Mount Lebanon) ஒரு துறவியாகவும் (Hermit), கிழக்கு ரோமானிய பேரரசர் (Eastern Roman Emperor) டயோக்லேஷியனின் (Diocletian) ஆட்சியின்கீழ் நடந்த கிறிஸ்தவ துன்புறுத்தல்களின் ஒரு மறைசாட்சியாகவும் புகழ்ந்தார். அவரது ஆர்வத்திற்கு வரலாற்று அடிப்படை எதுவும் இல்லை என்று தெரிகிறது.

வாழ்க்கை மற்றும் மறைசாட்சியம்:

எராஸ்மஸ், இத்தாலி (Italy) நாட்டின் ஃபோர்மியா நகர் (Bishop of Formia) ஆயராக இருந்தார். பேரரசர்களான டயோக்லேஷியன் (Diocletian) (கி.பி. 284-305) மற்றும் மாக்சிமியன் ஹெர்குலஸ் (Maximian Hercules) (கி.பி. 284-305) ஆகியோரின் ஆட்சி காலத்தில் நடந்த கிறிஸ்தவர்களுக்கு எதிரான துன்புறுத்தலின்போது, அவர் தனது மறைமாவட்டத்தை விட்டு வெளியேறி லெபனான் மலைக்குச் (Mount Lebanon) சென்றார். அங்கு அவர் ஏழு ஆண்டுகள் ஒளிந்து வாழ்ந்தார். இருப்பினும், ஒரு தேவதூதர் அவருக்குத் தோன்றி, அவரை அவரது நகரத்திற்குத் திரும்பும்படி அறிவுரை வழங்கியதாக கூறப்படுகிறது.

தமது ஊர் திரும்பும் வழியில் குறுக்கிட்ட சில வீரர்கள், அவரிடம் கேள்விகள் எழுப்பி அவரை விசாரித்தனர். எராஸ்மஸ், தாம் ஒரு கிறிஸ்தவர் என்று ஒப்புக் கொண்டார். மேலும் அவர்கள் அவரை அந்தியோகியாவில் (Antioch) பேரரசர் டயோக்லேஷியன் (Diocletian) முன் விசாரணைக்கு கொண்டு வந்து நிறுத்தினார்கள். அவரை பயங்கரமான சித்திரவதைகளுக்கு உள்ளாக்கிய அவர்கள், பிறகு அவரை சங்கிலிகளால் பிணைத்து, சிறையில் தள்ளினார்கள். ஆனால் ஒரு தேவதை தோன்றி அவர் அங்கிருந்து தப்பிக்க உதவியது.

கரியா (Caria) மற்றும் பம்பிலியா (Pamphylia) இடையே தென்மேற்கு ஆசியா மைனரின் (Southwestern Asia Minor) கடற்கரையில் ஒரு பண்டைய பகுதியான லைசியா (Lycia) வழியாக எராஸ்மஸ் பயணித்தார். அங்கு அவர், சிறப்புமிக்க குடிமகன் ஒருவரின் மகனை வளர்த்தார். இதன் விளைவாக, அநேக குடிமக்களுக்கு அவர் திருமுழுக்கு அளித்தார். இது மேற்கு ரோமானிய பேரரசர் (Western Roman Emperor) மாக்சிமியன் (Maximian) கவனத்தை ஈர்த்தது. வரலாற்றாசிரியர் வோராகின் (Voragine) என்பவரது கூற்றுப்படி, "பேரரசர் மாக்சிமியன், பேரரசர் டயோக்லேஷியனை விட மோசமானவர்" ஆவார். மாக்சிமியன் அவரை கைது செய்ய உத்தரவிட்டார். எராஸ்மஸ் தனது கிறிஸ்தவ விசுவாசத்தை தொடர்ந்து அறிக்கையிடார். அவர்கள் அவரை விக்கிரகங்களின் கோவிலுக்குச் செல்லும்படி கட்டாயப்படுத்தினர். ஆனால் எராஸ்மஸ் சென்ற பாதையில் அனைத்து சிலைகளும் விழுந்து அழிந்துபோயின. கோயிலில் இருந்த பல பாகன்கள் மீது தீ பற்றிக்கொண்டது.

இது சக்கரவர்த்திக்கு மிகவும் கோபத்தை ஏற்படுத்தியது. அவர் எராஸ்மஸை கூர்மையான ஈட்டிகள் நீட்டிக்கொண்டிருந்த ஒரு பீப்பாயில் அடைத்து வைத்தார். பீப்பாய் ஒரு மலையிலிருந்து உருட்டப்பட்டது. ஆனால் ஒரு தேவதை அவரை மீட்டு, குணமாக்கியது. மேலும் சித்திரவதைகள் தொடர்ந்தன. 

அவர் மீண்டும் பிடிபட்டபோது, அவரை சக்கரவர்த்தியின் முன் அழைத்து வந்து நிறுத்தினார்கள். கசையால் அடித்து துன்புறுத்தினார்கள். ஆனால், அவர் இன்னும் உயிர் பிழைத்திருந்தார். அவரை பட்டினியால் இறக்க அனுமதிக்க வேண்டும் என்ற நோக்கத்துடன் அவரை சிறையில் தள்ளி, பட்டினி போட்டார்கள். இருப்பினும் எராஸ்மஸ் அதிலிருந்து தப்பிக்க முடிந்தது.


இறுதியாக, இல்லரிகம் (Illyricum) எனும் ரோமானிய மாகாணத்தில் (Roman province) அவர் மீண்டும் பிடிக்கப்பட்டு, சித்திரவதை செய்யப்பட்டார். ஆனால், அவர் மீண்டு மீண்டும் தைரியமாக பிரசங்கித்தார். பல பாகன்களை கிறிஸ்தவ மதத்திற்கு மாற்றிய பின்னர். இறுதியாக, அவரது மரணத்தின் இந்த பதிப்பின் படி, அவரது வயிறு கிழிக்கப்பட்டு, அவரது குடல்கள் வெளியே எடுக்கப்பட்டு, அவர் கொல்லப்பட்டார்.

வணக்கம் மற்றும் பாதுகாவல்:

அவருக்கு அருகில் ஒரு இடி தாக்கிய பிறகும், அவர் தொடர்ந்து பிரசங்கித்ததாகக் கூறப்படுகிறது. இது, திடீர் புயல் மற்றும் மின்னல் ஆகியவற்றால் ஆபத்தில் இருந்த மாலுமிகளை அவரது பிரார்த்தனைகளை கோர தூண்டியது. இதன் காரணமாகவே, எராஸ்மாஸ் மாலுமிகளின் பாதுகாவலர் ஆனார். கப்பல்களின் முகப்பில் உள்ள மின் வெளியேற்றங்கள் அவரது பாதுகாப்பின் அடையாளமாக வாசிக்கப்பட்டு "செயிண்ட் எல்மோ'ஸ் ஃபயர்" (Saint Elmo's Fire") என்று அழைக்கப்பட்டன.

Also known as

Elmo, Eramo, Erarmo, Ermo, Herasmus, Rasimus, Rasmus, Telmo





Profile

Bishop of Formiae, Campagna, Italy. He fled to Mount Lebanon in the persecutions of emperor Diocletian where he was fed by a raven so he could stay in hiding. Discovered by the authorities, he was imprisoned, but an angel rescued him. Recaptured, he was martyred. One of the Fourteen Holy Helpers. Namesake for the static electric discharge called Saint Elmo's Fire.


Died

disemboweled c.303 at Formiae, Italy


Patronage

• against appendicitis

• against birth pains

• against abdominal or stomach pains and diseases

• against colic

• against danger at sea

• against seasickness

• against storms

• ammunition, explosives and ordnance workers

• boatmen, mariners, sailors, watermen

• childbirth and women in labour

• navigators

• Gaeta, Italy




Saint Nicephorus of Constantinople


Also known as

Nikephoros



Profile

Son of the secretary to Emperor Constantine Copronymus, a man tortured and exiled for refusing to accept iconclasm. Nicephorus was known as a scholar and eloquent speaker, and served as an imperial commissioner. Built a monastery near the Black Sea. A layman, he was chosen patriarch of Constantinople in 806. When he gave absolution to the priest who had illicitly married Emperor Constantine VI and Theodota while Constantine's wife Mary was still alive, Nicephorus fell into conflict with Saint Theodore Studites, but the two later reconciled. Nicephorus worked for a return to monastic discipline, reform of the administration of the diocese, and evangelization of the lay people. Brought Saint Methodius of Constantinople from his monastery on Chios to help. Opposed Emperor Leo the Armenian's attempt to return to iconoclasm, and was deposed by a synod of iconoclastic bishops. Several attempts were made his life, and he was exiled to the monastery he had built on the Black Sea. He spent his final 15 years there, praying and writing history and treatises against iconoclasm.


Born

758 in Constantinople


Died

2 June 828 of natural causes


Works

• Breviarum

• Chronographia



Blessed Sadoc of Sandomierz


Also known as

Sadoch, Zadoc, Zadok



Profile

Studied at the University of Bologna, Italy. Dominican friar, receiving the habit from Saint Dominic de Guzman himself. At the General Chapter the Dominicans in Bologna in 1221, Sadoc was chosen to assist Master Paul of Hungary to establish a province in Hungary. Sadoc later moved on to Poland where he served as preacher for nearly forty years. In 1260 he and 48 Dominicans from Sandomierz were martyred by the Tartars as they were singing the Salve Regina at Compline; the custom of singing the Salve Regina at the deathbed of Dominicans stems from this incident.


Died

1260 at Sandomierz, Poland


Beatified

18 October 1807 by Pope Pius VII (cultus confirmation)


Prayers

Lord Jesus, in the midst of fierce attacks of the foe Blessed Sadoc and his companions greeted the Virgin Mary in song and received the longed-for palm of martyrdom. After this exile may your merciful and loving Mother show us to you, who live and reign in the unity of the Holy Spirit, one God, for ever and ever. - Dominicans



Saint Peter the Exorcist


Also known as

• Peter Exorcista

• Peter the Deacon



Profile

Exorcist in Rome, Italy. Helped convert Saint Artemius of Rome, Saint Candida of Rome, and Saint Paulina of Rome. Known for his piety and dedication to his work. Worked with and was martyred with Saint Marcellinus in the persecutions of Diocletian. His name is mentioned in the first Eucharistic prayer.


Born

imperial Roman citizen


Died

• 304 in the Silva Nigra just outside Rome, Italy

• buried in the Saints Marcellinus and Peter cemetery on the Lavican Road by Lucilla and Firmina

• Constantine built a basilica over their tomb

• relics later taken to Selgenstadt abbey by Einhard, Charlemagne's secretary

• skull enshrined in a reliquary in the Abbey of Saint Denis in 1665; reliquary melted and relics destroyed in 1794

புனித மார்சலினஸ்,புனித பீட்டர் (St.Marcelinas, St.Peter)

மார்சலினஸ் குருவாக திருநிலைப்படுத்தப்பட்டு, குருத்துவ நிலையை அடைந்தார். பீட்டர் திருச்சபை வழங்கும் "பேய்களை ஓட்டும்" அதிகாரம் பெற்றவராக தொண்டு புரிந்து வந்தார். இருவரும் தங்களின் வேத விசுவாசத்திற்காக சிறையில் தள்ளப்பட்டனர். அங்கு ஏற்கெனவே விசுவாசத்திற்கு எதிராக செயல்பட்டவர்கள் சிலர் கிறிஸ்தவர்களை விசுவாசத்தின்பேரில் கொடுமைப்படுத்தி வந்தனர். அவர்களை இவர்கள் இருவரும் மனந்திருப்பினர். அவர்களை கிறிஸ்துவின் விசுவாசிகளாக மாற்றினர். சிலரை புதிதாகவும் மனந்திருப்பினர். சிறைக் காவலன் ஆர்த்தியுஸ், அவர் மனைவி, மகள் ஆகியோர் கூட கிறிஸ்துவின் ஒளியை இவர்கள் மூலம் பெற்றுக்கொண்டனர். 





இவர்களின் வீரச்சாவு நாளன்று, நாயக்ரா என்றழைக்கப்படும் ஒரு காட்டிற்குள் கொண்டு போகப்பட்டனர். அங்கே இவர்கள் தலைகள் துண்டிக்கப்பட்டன. இவர்கள் வெட்டப்படும்முன் இவர்களை புதைக்க ஒரு குழித்தோண்டப்பட்டிருந்தது. உடனே இவர்கள் புதைக்கப்பட்டனர். இந்த இரகசியத்தை கொலைஞனே வெளிக்கொணர்ந்துவிட்டார். இவரும் இறுதியில் திருமுழுக்கு பெற்றுக்கொண்டார். லூசில்லா, ஃபிர்மினா என்ற பக்தியுள்ள பெண்கள் இவர்களின் புனித உடல்களை எடுத்து "திபூர்சியஸ் புதைக்குழி"யில் அடக்கம் செய்தனர். மன்னன் கான்ஸ்டாண்டின் கிறிஸ்துவின் ஒளியை பெற்றுக்கொண்டவர். இவர் கல்லறைமேல் பேராலயம் எழுப்பியதுடன், புனித எலேனா என்ற பெயர் கொண்ட தம் தாயையும் இங்கேயே அடக்கம் செய்தார். இவர்களின் வீரச்சாவு தொடக்கத் திருச்சபையில் எவ்வளவு போற்றப்பட்டதெனில் ரோமன் கேனன்(Roman Canon) என்று சொல்லப்படும். திருப்பலி வேளையில் பயன்படுத்தப்படும் "மாறாத ஜெபங்கள்" என்ற பகுதியில் இவர்களின் பெயர்கள் சேர்க்கப்பட்டு காலங்காலமாக நினைவு கூரப்பட்டனர்.

"நாம் வெறும் மனிதர்களோடு போராடுவதில்லை. வான் வெளியில் திரியும் தீய ஆவிகளோடு போராடுகிறோம், எனவே பொல்லாத நாள் வரும்போது, எதிர்த்து நின்று அனைத்தின்மீது வெற்றி அடைந்து, நிலை நிற்க வலிமை பெறும்படி கடவுள் தரும் படைக்கலங்களை எடுத்துக்கொள்ளுங்கள்" (எபே 6:12) என்ற இறைவாக்கை வாழ்வாக வாழ்ந்தனர்.



Saint Marcellinus


Profile

Priest in Rome, Italy. Noted for his piety. Martyred with Saint Peter the Exorcist in the persecutions of Diocletian. His name is mentioned in the first Eucharistic prayer.



Born

Roman citizen


Died

• 304 in the Silva Nigra just outside Rome, Italy

• buried in the Saints Marcellinus and Peter cemetery on the Lavican Road by Lucilla and Firmina

• Constantine built a basilica over their tomb

• relics later taken to Selgenstadt abbey by Einhard, Charlemagne's secretary




Blessed Guido of Acqui


Also known as

Guisto, Guy, Vido, Wido



Profile

Born to the nobility; his father was the Count of Acquesana. Educated in Bologna, Italy. Bishop of Acqui, Monteferrato, Piedmont, Italy in March 1034 till his death 36 years later. Noted reformer, and remembered for his charity; he used much of his own wealth to support the local economy and end corruption. Promoted the education of women. Founded the convent of Santa Maria de Campis.


Born

c.1004


Died

• 2 June 1070 of natural causes

• interred in the cathedral of Saint Guisto, Susa, Italy


Beatified

1853 Pope Blessed Pius IX (cultus confirmed)




Saint Nicholas Peregrinus


Also known as

• Nicholas the Pilgrim

• Nicola Pellegrino di Trani



Profile

Moved from Greece to Apulia, Italy as a teenager where he wandered the streets carrying a cross and crying "Kyrie Eleison" ("Lord, have mercy"). Groups of children would follow him, also crying "Kyrie Eleison". Noted for his piety and personal holiness, but considered a lunatic by the locals. Many miracles reported at his tomb.


Born

1075 in Greece


Died

1094 in Trani, Italy of natural causes


Canonized

1098 by Pope Blessed Urban II


Patronage

Trani, Italy




Saint Blandina the Slave


Also known as

Blandina of Lyon



Profile

Slave. With several others, she was set upon by a pagan mob, arrested, tried and convicted of the crime of Christianity, along with a number of nonsense charges like cannibalism, during the persecutions of Emperor Marcus Aurelius. One of the Martyrs of Lyon and Vienne.


Died

• enmeshed in a net and given to a wild bull in 177 at Lyon (in modern France)

• body burned and the ashes thrown in the river

• what could be recovered is in the church of Saint-Leu, Amiens, France


Patronage

• falsely accused people

• girls

• torture victims

• Lyon, France




Saint Daminh Ninh


Also known as

• Domenic Ninh

• Dominic Ninh



Additional Memorial

24 November as one of the Martyrs of Vietnam


Profile

Christian peasant farmer in the apostolic vicariate of Central Tonkin (modern Vietnam). During the persecutions of emperor Tu-Duc, he was ordered to step on a crucifix to show his contempt for Christianity; he refused. Imprisoned, tortured and executed. Martyr.


Born

c.1835 in Trung Linh, Nam Dinh, Vietnam


Died

beheaded on 2 June 1862 in An Triêm, Nam Dinh, Vietnam


Canonization

19 June 1988 by Pope John Paul II



Pope Saint Eugene I


Also known as

Eugenius



Profile

Son of Rufinianus. Priest as a young man. Known as a gentle and pious man, very generous to the poor. Vicar for Pope Saint Martin I during his exile. Elected 75th pope in 654. He opposed the heretical Monothelite Byzantine emperor; in return, the emperor threatened to roast the pope alive. Consecrated 21 bishops during his papacy.


Born

at Rome, Italy


Papal Ascension

• elected 10 August 654

• ascended in 655


Died

• June 657 of natural causes

• buried in Saint Peter's Basilica, Rome, Italy



Saint Photinus of Lyons


Also known as

Pothin, Pothinus



Profile

Bishop of Lyons, France. At age 90 he was one of a group of 48 Christians from the areas of Vienne and Lyon in France, who were attacked by a pagan mob, arrested and tried for their faith, and murdered in the persecutions of Marcus Aurelius. A letter describing their fate, possibly written by Saint Irenaeus of Lyons, was sent to the churches in the Middle East.


Died

of general abuse and neglect while in prison in 177 in Lugdunum, Gaul (modern France)



Blessed Demetrios of Philadelphia


Also known as

Demetrius, Dimitrios, Dimitri


Profile

Son of an Orthodox priest, at age 13 Demetrios converted from Christianity to Islam. However, by age 25 he realized his error and returned to Christianity. Kidnapped as he approached a church, he was beaten, tortured, mutilated and finally murdered by Turkish Muslims who insisted that he renounce Christianity. Martyr.


Died

feet cut off then thrown alive into a fire in 1567 in Philadelphia, Lydia (modern Alasehir, Turkey)



Saint Stephen of Sweden


Also known as

• Stephen of Corbie

• Stephen of Corvey


Profile

Monk at New Corbie monastery, Saxony. Priest. Missionary bishop to Sweden. Achieved many conversions, and was the first to bring Christianity to the area between Denmark and Sweden. Murdered by worshippers of the pagan god Woden. Martyr.


Born

11th century


Died

1075 near Nora, Uppsala region of Sweden



Blessed Joseph Tien


Also known as

Thao Tien


Profile

Priest in the apostolic vicariate of Thanh Hoá (in modern Laos). Martyr.


Born

5 December 1918 in Ban Ten, Muang Xôi, Houaphan, Laos


Died

2 June 1954 in Ban Talang, Houaphan, Laos


Beatified

• 11 December 2016 by Pope Francis

• beatification recognition celebrated in Vientiane, Laos, presided by Cardinal Angelo Amato



Saint Adalgis of Thiérarche


Also known as

• Adalgis of Novara

• Adelgis, Algis, Algise


Profile

Monk. Spiritual student of Saint Fursey of Peronne. Missionary in the area of Arras and Laon, France. Founded a monastery in the forest around Thiérarche, Picardy; the village of Saint Algis grew up around it.


Born

7th century Ireland


Died

686 of natural causes



Saint Dorotheus of Rome


Also known as

Doroteo


Profile

Executioner who killed Saint Marcellinus and Saint Peter the Exorcist; he saw their souls leave the bodies and ascend to heaven. He converted to Christianity and did penance for his previous life and the murder of the saints.


Born

late 2nd century in Rome, Italy


Died

c.350



Blessed Giovanni de Barthulono


Profile

Born to an illustrious Italian family. Mercedarian. Ransomed 49 Christians who had been enslaved in Africa. Noted for his personal piety and virtue.



Died

1500 in Trapani, Italy of natural causes



Saint Juan de Ortega


Profile

Priest in the diocese of Burgos, Spain. Pilgrim to Palestine, Rome, Italy, and Santiago de Compostela, Spain. Lived as a hermit near Burgos. Helped Saint Dominic de la Calzada build roads, bridges, hospices, etc. to improve the region and bring services to those in rural areas.


Died

c.1150 of natural causes



Saint Biblis of Lyons


Also known as

Biblides


Profile

Tortured to admit to the crime of cannibalism, a slur often ascribed to early Christians. Martyred with 45 other Christians in the persecutions of Marcus Aurelius. One of the Martyrs of Lyons and Vienne.


Died

177 at Lyons, France



Saint Alexander of Vienne


Profile

Physician in Vienne, Gaul. Adult convert to Christianity. Friend of Saint Pothinus. Arrested for his faith during the persecutions of Emperor Marcus Aurelius, he was tortured and executed. One of the Martyrs of Lyons and Vienne.


Died

177



Saint Dictinus of Astorga


Profile

A supporter of the Priscillianist heresy, he was brought back to orthodox Christianity by Saint Ambrose, renouncing his errors at the Council of Toledo in 400. Bishop of Astorga, Spain.


Died

420



Saint Bodfan of Wales


Also known as

Bobouan, Boduan


Profile

Seventh century monk at Beaumaris, Wales.


Patronage

• Abergwyngregyn, Wales

• Abern, Wales



Saint Armin of Egypt


Profile

Venerated in Egypt and Ethiopia, but no details of him have survived.


Died

c.304



Saint Ada of Ethiopia


Profile

Martyr.


Died

Ethiopia



Saint Barbarinus


Also known as

Barbarunus


Profile

Priest. Martyr.



Saint Honorata


Also known as

Honoratus


Profile

Martyr.



Saint Evasius


Profile

Martyr.



Saint Humatus


Profile

Martyr.



Saint Rogate


Profile

Martyr.



Martyrs of Lyons and Vienne


Profile

A group of 48 Christians from the areas of Vienne and Lyon, France, who were attacked by a pagan mob, arrested and tried for their faith, and murdered in the persecutions of Marcus Aurelius. A letter describing their fate, possibly written by Saint Irenaeus of Lyons, was sent to the churches in the Middle East. Only a few names and details of their lives have surived; some of them have separate entries on this date -



• Alexander of Vienne

• Attalus of Pergamos

• Biblis of Lyons

• Blandina the Slave

• Cominus of Lugdunum

• Epagathus of Lugdunum

• Maturus the Novice

• Photinus of Lyons

• Ponticus of Lugdunum

• Sanctius of Vienne

• Vettius of Lugdunum


Died

assorted dates and methods during 177



Martyrs of Sandomierz


Profile

A group of 49 Dominicans, some of whom received the habit from Saint Dominic de Guzman himself. They worked separately and together to bring the faith and establish the Dominican Order in Poland, basing their operations in and around Sandomierz. In 1260 they were all martyred by the Tartars as they were singing the Salve Regina at Compline; the custom of singing the Salve Regina at the deathbed of Dominicans stems from this incident.



We know a few details about a few of the martyrs, but most survive only as names -


• Zadok

• Andrea, chaplain

• James, novice master

• Malachi, convent preacher

• Paul, vicar

• Peter, guardian of the garden

• Simone, penitentiary


friars

• Abel, Barnabas, Bartholomew, Clemente, Elia, John, Luke, Matthew, Philip


deacons

• Giuseppe, Joachim, Stefano


sub-deacons

• Abraham, Basil, Moses, Taddeo


clerics

• Aaron, Benedict, David, Dominico, Mattia, Mauro, Michele, Onofrio, Timothy


professed students

• Christopher, Donato, Feliciano, Gervasio, Gordian, John, Mark, Medardo, Valentino


novices

• Daniele, Isaiah, Macario, Raffaele, Tobia


lay brothers

• Cyril, tailor

• Jeremiah, shoemaker

• Thomas, organist


Died

1260 at Sandomierz, Poland


Beatified

18 October 1807 by Pope Pius VII (cultus confirmation)

இன்றைய புனிதர்கள் ஜீன் 01

 Saint Justin Martyr

புனித ஜஸ்டின் (St.Justin)

மறைசாட்சி(Martyr), தத்துவமேதை


பிறப்பு 

100 ஆம் ஆண்டு

சிரியா

    

இறப்பு 

165

புனிதர்பட்டம்: 1035, திருத்தந்தை 9ஆம் பெனடிக்ட்


இவர் கிரேக்கமொழி பேசும் பெற்றோருக்கு மகனாக பிறந்தார். சிறு வயதிலிருந்தே தத்துவ கலையை ஆழமாகக் கற்றுத்தேர்ந்தார். இவரது காலத்தில் இருந்த ப்ளேட்டோ(Plato) போன்ற தத்துவமேதைகளுடன் நெருங்கிய தொடர்புகொண்டிருந்தார். எல்லாம் வல்ல இறைவனைப்பற்றி இந்த தத்துவ ஞானம் தனக்கு முழுமையான விளக்கம் அளிக்க இயலவில்லை என்றுணர்ந்தார். ஒருநாள் அலெக்சாண்டிரியா நகருக்கு அருகில் கடற்கரையில் நடந்து போய்கொண்டிருந்தார். தற்செயலாக ஒரு வயது முதிர்ந்த கிறிஸ்தவரை சந்தித்தார்.. அவருடன் நெடுநேரம் உரையாடினார். அதன்பயனாக விவிலியத்தில், இறைவாக்கினர்கள் எழுதிய இறைவாக்குகளைப்படித்தார். நாளடைவில் மீட்பரின் முன்னறிவிப்பு இறைவாக்கை சரியாக புரிந்துகொண்டார். 


கிறிஸ்தவர்கள் எத்தனை மனவலிமையுடன் கிறிஸ்துவிற்காக வேதனைகளை தாங்கிக்கொண்டார்கள். என்பதை உணர்ந்து வேதனைப்பட்டார். இறைவாக்கினர்களை நினைத்து வியப்படைந்தார். சாவைத் தழுவினாலும், இந்த மறைசாட்சிகளிடம் காணப்பட்ட முகமலர்ச்சியும், ஆர்வமும் அவரை மிக ஆழமாகத் தொட்டது. இவர்களின் வீரச்சாவும் இவர் திருநூலைப் படித்ததன் பயனுமாக கிறிஸ்துவை ஏற்றுக்கொண்டார். கிறிஸ்துவுக்காக வாழ முடிவெடுத்தார். பின்னர் தமது தத்துவமேதைக்குரிய உடையிலேயே பல பயணங்களை மேற்கொண்டு, இறுதியாக உரோம் நகரை அடைந்தார். 4 நற்செய்தியாளர்களும் எழுதிய இறைவாக்குகளைப் பற்றி தெளிவாகப்படித்தார். முடிவில் அவர்கள் எழுதியவைகள் அனைத்தும் உண்மை என்பதை உணர்ந்து ஏற்றுக்கொண்டார். இதன் பயனாக, இவரது நாட்களில் ஞாயிறு திருவழிபாடு எவ்வாறு நடைபெற்று வந்தது என்பதைப்பற்றி விரிவாக எழுதிவைத்தார். அனைத்திற்கும் மேலாக, திவ்விய நற்கருணையில் இறைப்பிரசன்னத்தை பற்றியும் அதில் நாம் கொண்டிருக்கவேண்டிய விசுவாசப் பற்றுறுதி பற்றியும் மிகவும் ஆழமாக விவரித்து எழுதியுள்ளார். 


147 ஆம் ஆண்டிலிருந்து இதுவரை கிறிஸ்தவர்கள் துன்புறுத்தப்பட்டது போல, இனியும் துன்புறுத்தப்படக்கூடாது. என்று மன்னன் ஆன்றோனினுஸ் பயஸ்(Androninus Pius) ஆணை பிறப்பித்தான். ஜஸ்டின் எழுதிய பல நூல்களில் ஒன்றில் "உலகில் எப்பகுதியிலும், எக்காலத்திலும் உண்மையை சுட்டிக்காட்டிய ஞானிகள் அனைவரும் கிறிஸ்துவ சமுதாயத்தை சார்ந்தவர்கள் என்று மிக அழுத்தம், திருத்தமாக குறிப்பிட்டுள்ளார். 166 ல் ஜஸ்டின் எழுதிய மற்றொரு நூலில், நாம் பெற்றுக்கொண்ட விசுவாச பேருண்மைப்பற்றி தெளிவாக விளக்கியுள்ளார். இதனால் இந்நூல் அப்போதைய அரசன் மார்க்ஸ் அவுரேலியுசுக்கு(Marks Aureliyas) எரிச்சல் மூட்டியது. இதனால் கோபம்கொண்ட அரசன், கிறிஸ்துவ விசுவாசத்தையும், ஜஸ்டினையும் அழிக்க எண்ணி, அவரை சிறைப்பிடித்து சென்றான். அங்கு பல கொடுமைகளை அனுபவித்த ஜஸ்டின் தனது 67 ஆம் வயதில் தலைவெட்டப்பட்டு இறந்தான். அவர்தான் இறக்கும்வரை, எந்த ஒரு தத்துவக்கலையும், இறுதியில் கிறிஸ்துவிடம் மட்டுமே கொண்டு சேர்க்கமுடியும் என்பதை இடையூறாது போதித்தார்.

Also known as

Justin the Philosopher



Profile

Pagan philosopher who converted to Christianity at age 30 by reading the Scriptures and witnessing the heroism and faith of martyrs. He used his philosophical and oratorical skills to publicly dispute with pagans and explain his new faith, and he became one of the first great Christian apologists. He later opened a school of public debate in Rome, Italy. All this high profile Christianity naturally brought him to the attention of the authorities, and he died a martyr.


Born

c.100 at Nablus, Palestine


Died

• beheaded in 165 at Rome, Italy

• relics in the Capuchin church, Rome


Patronage

• apologists

• lecturers, orators, speakers

• philosophers




Blessed Giovanni Battista Scalabrini


Also known as

• John Baptist Scalabrini

• Apostle of the Catechism



Profile

Third of eight children in a deeply religious family. Studied philosophy and theology at the seminary at Como, Italy. Ordained on 30 May 1863. Professor and rector of Saint Abundius Seminary. Pastor of Saint Bartholomew's Church in 1870. Bishop of Piacenza, Italy on 30 January 1876 at age 36.


Conducted diocesan visitation five times, visiting all 365 parishes, half of which could only be reached by foot or mule. Celebrated three Synods, one of which was dedicated to the Eucharist. Encouraged frequent Communion and perpetual adoration. Reorganized seminaries and reformed their curricula, anticipating the Thomistic reform of Pope Leo XIII. Preacher, teaching always to love the Pope and the Church.


Worked with cholera victims, visited the sick and prisoners, helped the poor and bankrupt nobility. Saved thousands of farmers and workers from famine, selling his horse, chalice, and the pectoral cross that Blessed Pope Pius IX had given him in order to buy food. Founded an institute to help hearing and speech-impaired women. Organized assistance for young single women employed in rice fields. Established mutual aid societies, workers' associations, rural banks, cooperatives, and Catholic Action groups. Ordered that catechism be taught in all parishes. Planned and presided over the first National Catechetical Congress in 1889.


He was convinced that devotion to religion and one's country could be reconciled in the hearts of Italians. Promoted reconciliation between Church and State, and helped solve a painful moral dilemma for Italian Catholics. He aimed at preparing this religious reconciliation on a practical level, combining religious belief and patriotic love in his work with migrants. Worked with millions of Italians forced to emigrate, often in dire conditions, always in danger of losing their faith and their attachment to religious practice.


With the approval of Pope Leo XIII, on 28 November 1887 he founded the Congregation of the Missionaries of Saint Charles (Scalabrinians) for religious, moral, social and legal care of migrants. Convinced Saint Frances Xavier Cabrini, the Mother of Migrants, to leave for America in 1889 to care for children, orphans and sick Italian migrants. In 1895 founded the Congregation of the Missionary Sisters of Saint Charles for migrants. Even the sister Apostles of the Sacred Heart of Jesus were encouraged to care for migrants. His spirituality and his love for migrants inspired the Scalabrinian Lay Missionary Women.


John was devoted to the Eucharist and spent hours in adoration before the Blessed Sacrament, to Our Lady, preaching many Marian homilies, and making Marian pilgrimages. His last conscious words were, "Lord, I am ready, Let us go".


Born

8 July 1839 at Fino Mornasco, Como, Italy


Died

dawn 1 June 1905, feast of the Ascension of the Lord


Beatified

9 November 1997 by Pope John Paul II



Saint Hannibal Mary di Francia


Also known as

• Annibale Maria di Francia

• Hannibal di Francia



Profile

Third of four children of Francis the Marquises of Saint Catherine of Jonio, a Papal Vice-Consul, a knight, and Honorary Captain of the Navy; his mother was Anna Toscano, an Italian aristocrat. His father died when Hannibal was fifteen months old. The boy developed a devotion to the Eucharist and the Virgin Mary. At age 17, while in prayer before the Blessed Sacrament, he received a call to religious life. Ordained 16 March 1878. Immediately after he moved into the Avignone ghetto, one the most impoverished areas he could find, and began a life's work with the poor. In 1882 he founded the Anthonian Orphanages, so-called because they were under the patronage of Saint Anthony of Padua; they were noted for their operation as an extended family. In order to expand this work to a much larger sphere of physically and spiritually poor he founded The Daughters of Divine Zeal in 1887, and The Rogationists in 1897; they were canonically approved on 6 August 1926. He believed in the need for a strong priesthood; he started the Holy Alliance and Pious Union of the Evangelical Rogation, worldwide movements of prayer for vocations, and published the periodical God and Neighbor with information about these movements and their work. He worked to be a model for the seminarians who came to work in his schools, and cared for the physical and spiritual needs of his brothers and sisters in the religious life. He was considered a saint during his life, and received a vision of the Virgin Mary just before his death. The groups he founded continue to day, working all over the world in prayer, publishing, orphanages, schools, training for the deaf and mute, care for the aged, home for single mothers, and schools of all types.


Born

5 July 1851 at Messina, Italy


Died

1 June 1927 at Messina, Italy of natural causes


Canonized

16 May 2004 by Pope John Paul II




Blessed Theobald Roggeri


Also known as

• Theobald of Vico

• Theobald of Alba

• Theobald Roggeris



Additional Memorial

1 February (part of the miracle of the bells at the discovery of his relics)


Profile

Born to a wealthy, noble Piedmont family, his reading of the Gospel caused him to abandon position for a simple life. Cobbler in Alba, Italy. Theobald proved himself a skillful craftsman, and his master hoped that the young apprentice would marry his daughter and carry on the business. Theobald, however, had made a private vow of chastity, and abandoned the trade. Following a pilgrimage to Compostela, Spain, he worked as a porter, spending his day carrying sacks of grain. He gave away as much of his wages as he could to people even more poor than himself, and there are ballads about him in which he gave away the grain and flour he was supposed to deliver. Venerated in Liguria and the Piedmont regions.


Born

late 11th century in Vico, Liguria, Piedmont, Italy


Died

• 1150 of natural causes

• at his request, Theobald was buried in a patch of ground between the church of San Lorenzo and the church of San Silvestro

• his grave became a place of pilgrimage and healing miracles, but afater many decades faded into obscurity and its location was lost

• relics re-discovered late in the evening of 31 January 1429 by the bishop of Alba, Italy; legend says the church bells of all the area churches rang on their own at sun-up the following day in celebration

• relics enshrined in a chapel in the cathedral of Alba


Beatified

1841 by Pope Gregory XVI (cultus confirmation)


Patronage

• against fever

• against sterility

• church cleaners

• cobblers, shoemakers

• porters



Blessed John Storey


Additional Memorial

1 December as one of the Martyrs of Oxford University


Profile

Educated at Oxford. Doctor of law. President of Broadgate Hall (modern Pembroke College) form 1537 to 1539. First Regius Professor of civil law. Married in 1547.


Member of the English Parliament in 1547. Opposed anti-Catholic laws enacted by King Edward VI. Imprisoned from 1548 to 1550 for opposed the Bill of Uniformity.


On his release, he and his family moved to Leuven, Belgium, but returned to England in August 1553 when Catholic Queen Mary ascended to the throne. Chancellor to Bishop Edmund Bonner. Member of Parliament again from 1553 to 1560. In 1560 he opposed the Bill of Supremacy, and incurred the ire of Queen Elizabeth. Imprisoned in Fleet Prison on 20 May 1560, he escaped, was captured at Marshalsea, and re-imprisoned.


Escaping again, he fled the country to Antwerp, Belgium. There he renounced his English citizenship, and became a subject of the Catholic Spanish crown. Customs official in Flanders.


Kidnapped at Bergen-op-Zoon by agents of Queen Elizabeth in August 1570. Returned to England, he was locked in the Tower of London and repeatedly tortured. Indicted on 26 May 1571 for conspiring against the Queen's life. Throughout his misery, John claimed his innocence, and the court's lack of jurisdiction over him, a Spanish subject. Condemned on 27 May 1571. Martyr.


Born

1504 in northern England


Died

hanged, drawn, and quartered on 1 June 1571 at Tyburn, England


Beatified

29 December 1886 by Pope Leo XIII (cultus confirmed)



Saint Crescentinus


Also known as

Crescentian of Saldo, Crescentino, Crescenziano, Crescentianus



Profile

Imperial Roman soldier. Convert to Christianity. During the persecutions of Diocletian, Crescentinus fled to Thifernum Tiberinum (modern Città di Castello). There he is reported to have slain a dragon that had terrorized the region; this convinced the locals of the power of God and led to many conversions, and to the depictions of Crescentinus fighting a dragon. It is also possible that Crescentinus evangelized the region, made many converts, and the image of him slaying the dragon is represents him defeating the devil or paganism. Eventually, however, the anti-Catholic forces of Diocletian came to the area, and Crescentinus fell as a martyr.


Died

• beheaded on 1 June 303 at Saldo, Italy

• relics translated to Urbino, Italy in 1068 by Blessed Mainard of Urbino


Patronage

• against headache (a ceremony in Urbino cures headaches by tapping the sufferer's head with the relics of Crescentinus)

• Città di Castello, Italy

• Urbino, Italy




Blessed John Pelingotto


Also known as

• John Pelino Goto

• Giovanni Pelino Goto



Profile

Son of a wealthy merchant, John cared nothing for business, wealth or worldly success and preferred to live as a hermit. He eventually felt a call to help the poor and sick in the world, and gave away food, clothes and wealth, going hungry, living in rags, wearing a rope around his neck to indicate that he was a sinner in need of punishment, and falling into lengthy ecstasy. His family worried about his health, both physical and mental, and they had to bring him in from the street. He became a Franciscan tertiary, and with the support and discipline they provided, he was able to properly devote his life to prayer and charity.


Born

1240 at Urbino, Italy


Died

• 1 June 1304 in Urbino, Italy

• buried in the cloister cemetery at the San Francesco monastery, Urbino

• many miracles reported at his grave

• re-interred in the church at the cloister


Beatified

13 November 1918 by Pope Benedict XV (cultus confirmed)



Saint Simeon of Syracuse


Also known as

• Simeon of Trier

• Symeon...


Profile

His father was Greek, his mother Calabrian. Educated in Constantinople. Pilgrim to the Holy Lands where he supported himself by serving as tour guide to other pilgrims. Spoke Greek, Latin, Coptic, Syriac and Arabic. Monk in Bethlehem. Deacon. Hermit beside the River Jordan. Monk in Bethlehem. Hermit on Mount Sinai. Sent to seek alms from the Duke of Normandy for the support of other hermits on the mountain. Hermit near Trier, Germany under the direction of the abbot of the nearby Benedictine monastery of Saint Martin. One of the last great figures linking the Orthodox West with the Orthodox East.


Born

in Syracuse, Sicily


Died

• in 1035 in Trier, Germany of natural causes

• buried in his hermitage

• a collegiate church was built in the nearby city wall’s gate, known as the Porta Nigra, and his relics were enshrined there in 1037

• church destroyed and relics lost during a construction project in 1804


Canonized

1042 by Pope Benedict IX



Blessed Alfonso Navarrete-Benito


Also known as

• Alfonsus Navarrete

• Alphonso Navarrete

• Alphonsus de Mena



Additional Memorials

• 10 September (as one of the 205 Martyrs of Japan)

• 6 November (Dominicans as one of their Martyrs of the Far East)


Profile

Dominican priest. Missionary to the Philippines in 1578. In 1610 he returned to Europe to recruit missionaries, and in 1611 returned to the Orient as missionary and Dominican provincial vicar in Japan. His evangelism work brought many hundreds to Christianity. Martyr.


Born

21 September 1571 in Logroño, Spain


Died

beheaded on 1 June 1617 in Koguchi, Omura, Nagasaki, Japan


Beatified

7 May 1867 by Blessed Pope Pius IX



Saint Gaudentius of Ossero


Also known as

Gaudentius Auxerensis


Profile

Bishop of Ossero, Istria (in modern Croatia) in 1030. Falsely accused by some of the nobility who objected to his spiritual reforms, Guadentius travelled to Rome, Italy in 1032 to defend his name. On the way home, he fell ill in Ancona, and stayed there to recover. He then resigned his see, and became a Benedictine monk under Saint Peter Damian.


Born

in Trzic, Istria (in modern Croatia)


Died

• 31 May 1044 in Ancona, Italy of natural causes

• legend says that on 31 May 1144, a century to the day after his death, the relics of Gaudentius, stored in an iron-bound chest, floated ashore in Osor, Croatia as all the church bells rang by themselves

• relics in the Church of Saint Guadentius, Osor, Croatia


Patronage

• Osor, Croatia

• Cres, Croatia



Saint Wystan of Evesham


Also known as

• Wystan of Mercia

• Vistano, Wigstan, Wigstow, Winston, Wistan, Wistanstow, Wistow


Profile

Prince of Mercia, the son of Wigmund of Mercia and Aelfflaed, daughter of King Ceolwulf I of Mercia. Killed in his youth by his regent Bertulph, king of Mercia, for opposing the marriage of Bertulph to Wistan's mother. Some writers have considered him a martyrs.



Died

• murdered on 1 June 849 at Wistanstow, England

• buried in Repton Abbey, Derbyshire, England

• miracles reported at his tomb

• relics translated to the Evesham Abbey, and then the Evesham cathedral


Patronage

Repton, England




Saint Pamphilus of Alexandria


Profile

Studied in Berytus, Phoenicia and in Alexandria, Egypt. Careful student of the works of Origen. Priest, ordained at Caesarea. Head of a catechetical school in Caesarea. Noted Bible scholar. In a day when books were hand-copied, Pamphilus was known for the size of his library which survived until destroyed by Arabs in the 7th century. Teacher of the noted historian Eusebius of Caesarea, helped him write an Apology of Origen, and was the subject of a biography by Eusebius. Arrested in 308 by governor Urban for the crime of being a Christian. One of a group of martyrs who were tortured and murdered together.



Born

Berytus, Phoenicia


Died

beheaded in 309 in Alexandria, Egypt



Blessed Jean-Baptiste-Ignace-Pierre Vernoy de Montjournal


Profile

Priest in the diocese of Moulins, France. Canon of Moulins. During the French Revolution he was arrested and sentenced to forced labour for the crime of being a priest. Imprisoned on a ship anchored off shore, he was tortured repeatedly, starved and left to die. One of the Martyrs of the Hulks of Rochefort.



Born

17 November 1736 in Molins, Allier, France


Died

1 June 1794 aboard the prison galley Deux-Associés in port at Rochefort, Charente-Maritime, France of general abuse and neglect


Beatified

1 October 1995 by Pope John Paul II



Saint Iñigo of Oña


Also known as

Eñeco, Eñecone


Profile

Hermit. Monk at San Juan de Peña, Aragon (part of modern Spain), and later served as prior. Hermit in the Aragon mountains. Reforming abbot at the monastery at Oña, Spain in 1029 at the request of King Sancho the Great. Known as a peacemaker and miracle worker.



Born

11th century at Bilbao, Spain


Died

• 1 June 1057 at the monastery at Oña, Spain of natural causes

• his holiness was so obvious to all that he was mourned by the Jews and Muslims of the city as well as the Christians


Canonized

1259 by Pope Alexander IV



Saint Reverianus of Autun


Also known as

Reverentianus, Reveriano, Reverie, Rivianus


Profile

Evangelizing bishop. Missionary to Gaul with Saint Paulus of Autun and ten companions whose names have not come down to us. Bishop of Autun, France, which formed the base of operations for the group. They were all martyred by order of Emperor Aurelian who was at war with the locals at the time.


Born

3rd century Italy


Died

• beheaded c.273 in Autun, France

• buried in Autun

• a monastery and church grew up around the group's grave site

• oil reported to flow from his relics and grave

• head in the church in Nuits, France; no other relics have survived



Saint Giuse Túc


Also known as

Joseph Tuc



Additional Memorial

24 November as one of the Martyrs of Vietnam


Profile

Christian peasant farmer in the apostolic vicariate of Central Tonkin (modern Vietnam). During the persecutions of emperor Tu-Duc, he was ordered to step on a crucifix to show his contempt for Christianity; he refused. Imprisoned, tortured and executed. Martyr.


Born

c.1843 in Hoàng Xá, Bac Ninh, Vietnam


Died

beheaded on 1 June 1862 in Hoàng Xá, Bac Ninh, Vietnam


Canonization

19 June 1988 by Pope John Paul II



Blessed Ferdinand Ayala


Also known as

• Ferdinand of Saint Joseph Ayala

• Fernando Ayala

• Fernando of Saint Joseph

• Hernando Ayala

• Hernando of Saint Joseph



Profile

Augustinian priest in 1603. Missionary to Mexico. Missionary to Japan. Augustinian vicar provincial in 1605. Worked with Blessed Alphonsus Navarette. Martyr.


Born

1575 in Ballesteros de Calatrava, Ciudad Real, Spain


Died

beheaded on 1 June 1617 in Koguchi, Omura, Nagasaki, Japan


Beatified

7 May 1867 by Pope Blessed Pius IX



Saint Candida of Whitchurch


Also known as

Gwen, Hwitn, White, Whyte, Wite, Witt, Witta



Profile

Martyred by pagan Danes. There is a holy well devoted to her at nearby Morcombe Lake.


Died

• in Dorset, England

• relics still exist in their shrine at Whitchurch Canonicorum, Dorset; believed to be the only relics in a parish church that survived the Protestant Reformation



Saint Paulus of Autun


Also known as

Paul, Paolo


Profile

Evangelizing priest. Missionary to Gaul with Saint Reverianus of Autun and ten companions whose names have not come down to us. Worked from Autun, France. They were all martyred by order of Emperor Aurelian who was at war with the locals at the time.


Born

3rd century Italy


Died

• beheaded c.273 in Autun, France

• buried in Autun

• a monastery and church grew up around the group's grave site



Saint Ronan of Cornwall


Also known as

• Ronan of Locronan

• Ronan of Quimper

• Ronanus, Ruadan, Rumon, Ruadhan, Ruan



Profile

An early missionary bishop, ordained by Saint Patrick, who preached in Cornwall, England, and in Brittany, France.


Born

in Cornwall, England


Died

• 6th century in Brittany (in modern France) of natural causes

• buried in Locronan, Brittany



Blessed Arnald Arench


Profile

Mercedarian friar. Professor in a medical school in Montpellier, France. Preacher and writer who made expeditions to ransom Christians who had been enslaved by Muslims. During one of these trips he was imprisoned and beaten daily by Muslims for adhering to Christianity. Martyr.



Born

14th century France


Died

beaten to death in 1394 in Granada, Spain



Saint Conrad of Trier


Also known as

• Conrad of Treves

• Cuno...


Profile

Born to a noble Swabian family. Nephew of Saint Anno. Bishop of Trier, Germany, which involved him in the political fight over who had the right to choose the bishop of that diocese. On his way to Trier he was captured by opponents and murdered. Considered a martyr.


Born

Swabia, Germany


Died

thrown from a castle tower in 1066 at Uerzig, Germany



Saint Ischyrion


Also known as

Ischirione


Profile

Steward and servant of an Alexandrian magistrate in Roman imperial Egypt. During the persecutions of Decius, Ischyrion's employer demanded that he renounce Christianity and sacrifice to pagan gods. When Ischyrion refused, the magistrate ordered him beaten and martyred.


Born

Egyptian


Died

impaled c.250 at Alexandria, Egypt



Saint Caprasius of Lérins


Also known as

Caprais, Caprasio



Profile

Hermit in Provence and Lerins, France, and in Greece. Friend of Saint Honoratus of Arles and Saint Venantius. With Saint Honoratus, he founded a monastery at Lerins, and eventually served as its abbot.


Died

430 of natural causes



Blessed Leo Tanaka


Also known as

• Leo Tanaca

• Leone...


Additional Memorial

10 September as one of the 205 Martyrs of Japan


Profile

Layman catechist in the Archdiocese of Nagasaki, Japan. Martyr.


Born

c.1590 in Omi, Japan


Died

beheaded on 1 June 1617 on a rock near Omura, Nagasaki, Japan


Beatified

7 May 1867 by Pope Blessed Pius IX



Saint Fortunatus of Spoleto


Also known as

• Fortunatus of Territet

• Fortunato...



Profile

Fifth-century parish priest in the village of Territet near Spoleto, Italy. Famed for his love for the poor, his gentleness as a pastor, and as a miracle worker.



Saint Damian of Scotland


Also known as

Damianus


Profile

Two versions of his story exist:


1) He was a priest in Patras, Greece. With Saint Regulus of Scotland, he came to the west with the relics of Saint Andrew the Apostle.


2) He was a priest in Scotland who received Saint Regulus of Scotland and helped him enshrined the relics of Saint Andrew the Apostle.



Saint Seleucus of Alexandria


Profile

Student of Saint Pamphilus of Alexandria; fellow student with Saint Porphyrius of Alexandria. Seleucus applauded how strong and calm Saint Porphyrius remained under torture; this exposed him as a Christian, and he was martyred.


Born

Cappadocia


Died

beheaded in 309 in Alexandria, Egypt



Blessed Conrad of Hesse


Also known as

• Conrad of Herlesheim

• Conrad of Haina

• Konrad of...


Profile

Cistercian monk at the monastery in Haina, Germany where he served as cellar-master for 16 years.


Born

in Herlesheim, Upper Hesse, Germany


Died

c.1270 of natural causes



Blessed Gaius Xeymon


Also known as

Caius


Profile

Born to Christian parents. Dominican tertiary. Helped the friars with their missionary work, and was martyred for it.


Born

Japanese


Died

17 August 1627 at Nagasaki, Japan


Beatified

7 May 1867 by Pope Blessed Pius IX



Saint Proculus the Soldier


Also known as

Procolo



Profile

An officer in the Imperial Roman army. Martyred in the persecutions of Diocletian.


Died

crucified c.304 in Bologna, Italy



Saint Felinus of Perugia


Also known as

Felino of Perugia


Profile

Imperial Roman soldier. Martyred in the persecutions of Decius.


Died

• c.250 at Perugia, Italy

• relics translated to Arona, Italy in 979


Patronage

Arona, Italy



Saint Gratian of Perugia


Also known as

Gratianus


Profile

Imperial Roman soldier. Martyred in the persecutions of Decius.


Died

• c.250 at Perugia, Italy

• relics translated to Arona, Italy in 979



Saint Clarus of Aquitaine


Also known as

Clair



Profile

Evangelizing bishop in the Aquitaine region of modern France. Martyr.


Saint Agapetus of Ruthenia


Also known as

Agapitus


Profile

Monk in Ruthenia (in modern Ukraine). Physician who did not charge for his services.


Died

c.1100 of natural causes



Saint Claudius of Vienne


Also known as

Claudio


Profile

15th bishop of Vienne, France, serving from c.440 to c.449. Part of the Council of Orange in 441. Part of the Synod of Vaison in 442.



Saint Porphyrius of Alexandria


Profile

Student of Saint Pamphilus of Alexandria with whom he was tortured and martyred.


Died

beheaded in 309 in Alexandria, Egypt



Saint Thespesius of Cappadocia


Profile

Martyred in the persecutions of Emperor Alexander Severus.


Died

230 in Cappadocia (in modern Turkey)



Saint Atto of Oca


Profile

Benedictine monk at Ona, Old Castile, Spain. Spiritual student of Saint Enneco. Bishop of Oca-Valpuesta, Spain.


Died

1044 of natural causes



Saint Peter of Pisa


Profile

Founded the Order of the Hermits of Saint Jerome in Italy.


Born

c.1355


Died

1435 of natural causes



Saint Juventius


Profile

Martyr.


Died

• Rome, Italy, date unknown

• relics translated to the Benedictine monastery at Chaise-Dieu, Evreux, France



Saint Secundus of Amelia


Profile

Martyred in the persecutions of Diocletian.


Died

drowned in 304 in the River Tiber at Amelia, Italy



Saint Telga of Denbighshire


Also known as

Tegla, Thecla


Profile

The patron of a church and a healing well in Ciwyd, Wales.



Saint Proculus of Bologna


Profile

Bishop of Bologna, Italy from 540 until his death. Martyred by Goths led by Goterne.


Died

542



Blessed Arnold of Geertruidenberg


Also known as

Arnoldus


Profile

Carthusian monk in Capella, Belgium.



Saint Dionysius of Ruthenia


Profile

Monk in Ruthenia (in modern Ukraine).


Died

c.1100 of natural causes



Saint Donatus of Lucania


Profile

Martyred by Saracens.


Died

Lucania region of southern Italy, date unknown



Saint Cronan of Lismore


Profile

Monk. Abbot of Lismore Abbey.


Died

717 of natural causes



Saint Firmus


Profile

Scourged and executed in the persecutions of Emperor Maximian Herculeus. Martyr.


Died

beheaded c.290



Saint Zosimus of Antioch


Profile

Martyr.



Saint Thecla of Antioch


Profile

Martyr.



Saint Melosa


Profile

Martyr.


Died

Thessalonica



Martyrs of Alexandria


Profile

A group five of imperial Roman soldiers assigned to guard a group of Egyptian Christians who were imprisoned for their faith in the persecutions of Decius. During their trial, they encouraged the prisoners not to apostatize. This exposed them as Christians, were promptly arrested and executed. Martyrs. Their names are - Ammon, Ingen, Ptolomy, Theophilis and Zeno.


Died

beheaded in 249 at Alexandria, Egypt



Martyrs of Caesarea


Profile

Three Christians martyred together in the persecutions of Galerius. We know little more about them than the name - Paul, Valens and Valerius.


Died

309 at Caesarea, Palestine



Martyrs of Lycopolis


Profile

Five foot soldiers and their commander who were martyred for their faith by order of the imperial Roman prefect Arriano during the persecutions of Decius.


Died

Lycopolis, Egypt



Martyrs of Rome


Profile

A group of spiritual students of Saint Justin Martyr who died with him and about whom we know nothing else but their names - Carito, Caritone, Evelpisto, Ierace, Liberiano and Peone.


Died

Rome, Italy



Martyrs of Saddi


Profile

A group of Christians martyred in the persecutions of Decius. We are not sure if they were murdered as a group, but their relics were all gathered and enshrined together because of their martyrdom. We know nothing else about them except the names - Benedict, Esuperantius, Eutropius, Faustinus, Fortunatus, Grivicianus, Justin, Orphitus, and Virianus.


Died

• at Pieve de' Saddi, Pietralunga, Italy

• relics enshrined in Pieve de' Saddi

• some relics transferred to the Santa Maria delle Grazie church in the mid-20th-century



Martyrs of Thessalonica


Profile

A group of 136 Christians who were martyred together. We know little more than their names –


• Agapa • Appia • Arabus • Aucias • Baricus • Bublasa • Bullodus • Carra • Cassus • Casta • Castula • Castus • Catulinus • Cecilia • Coteusa • Donata • Donatian • Donatus • Epagatus • Faustina • Felicia • Felix • Flavius • Fledus • Foedosa • Fortunata • Fortunatus • Gagus • Gaianus • Gemellina • Gemina • Germanus • Germanus • Getulla • Gosia • Hilarus • Honoratus • Hortensus • Januaria • Januarius • John • Lauta • Lucia • Lupus • Major • Majorus • Majosa • Malchus • Marcellianus • Marcellinus • Marcianus • Maria • Mark • Martial • Martian • Martinus • Matrona • Maxima • Melosa • Metunus • Mitunus • Nina • Novella • Optata • Paul • Paulina • Petruvius • Potinus • Prima • Primus • Priscus • Procula • Proculus • Publasus • Publius • Quintí • Quintus • Rogate • Rogatian • Rogatiana • Rogatus • Romana • Rufina • Rutilia • Rutilus • Sailis • Saturnin • Saturnina • Secunda • Sepacus • Sillesia • Sillica • Silvana • Silvanus • Surdida • Tertius • Tertula • Tertulus • Timothy • Urbana • Ururi • Vericus • Victoria • Victorina • Victuria • Vincent •


Died

in Thessalonica, Greece, date unknown


30 May 2022

இன்றைய புனிதர்கள் மே 31

 Feast of the Visitation of the Blessed Virgin Mary

 அருள்நிறை கன்னி மரியாளின் மினவுதல் விழா 


(Visitation of the Blessed Virgin Mary)

திருவிழா நாள்: மே 31

மரியாள், எலிசபெத்தை (Elizabeth) சந்தித்தல் அல்லது மாதா எலிசபெத்தம்மாளை மினவுதல் என்பது லூக்கா நற்செய்தி 1:39–56ல் விவரிக்கப்படும் ஒரு நிகழ்வாகும். இயேசு பிறப்பின் முன்னறிவிப்பின்போது, தனது உறவினராகிய எலிசபெத்து கருவுற்றிருப்பதை கபிரியேல் தூதர் மூலம் மரியாள் அறிந்தார். கருவுற இயலாதவர் என்று சொல்லப்பட்ட எலிசபெத்து, தம் முதிர்ந்த வயதில் ஒரு மகவைக் கருத்தரித்திருக்கிறார் எனவும் இது அவருக்கு ஆறாம் மாதம் எனவும் கபிரியேல் மரியாளுக்கு அறிவித்திருந்தார்.


இதனால் மரியாள் புறப்பட்டு யூதேய (Judah) மலைநாட்டில், 100 மைல் தொலைவில் உள்ள எலிசபெத்தின் ஊருக்கு விரைந்து சென்றார். மரியாள் செக்கரியாவின் வீட்டை அடைந்து எலிசபெத்தை வாழ்த்தினார். மரியாளின் வாழ்த்தை எலிசபெத்து கேட்டபொழுது அவர் வயிற்றிலிருந்த குழந்தை மகிழ்ச்சியால் துள்ளிற்று. எலிசபெத்து தூய ஆவியால் முற்றிலும் ஆட்கொள்ளப்பட்டு உரத்த குரலில், “பெண்களுக்குள் நீர் ஆசி பெற்றவர்; உம் வயிற்றில் வளரும் குழந்தையும் ஆசி பெற்றதே! என் ஆண்டவரின் தாய் என்னிடம் வர நான் யார்? உம் வாழ்த்துரை என் காதில் விழுந்ததும் என் வயிற்றினுள்ளே குழந்தை பேருவகையால் துள்ளிற்று. ஆண்டவர் உமக்குச் சொன்னவை நிறைவேறும் என்று நம்பிய நீர் பேறுபெற்றவர்” என மரியாவை வாழ்த்தினார் என விவிலியம் விவரிக்கின்றது.

எலிசபெத்தின் வாழ்த்துதலைக் கேட்ட மரியாள் கடவுளை போற்றி ஒரு பாடல் பாடினார். அப்பாடல் மரியாளின் பாடல் என அழைக்கப்படுகின்றது.

இந்நிகழ்வு மேற்கு கிறிஸ்தவத்தில், குறிப்பாக கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபையில் மே 31 அன்றும், கிழக்கு கிறிஸ்தவத்தில் 30 மார்ச் அன்றும் கொண்டாடப்படுகின்றது. இந்நிகழ்வு நடந்த இடத்தில் இப்போது சந்தித்தல் ஆலயம் உள்ளது.


கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபையில், மரியாள் எலிசபெத்தை சந்தித்த நிகழ்வு, செபமாலையின் மகிழ்ச்சி மறைபொருள்களின் இரண்டாம் மறைபொருள் ஆகும்.

இவ்விழாவில் நான்கு நிகழ்ச்சிகளைக் கொண்டாடுகிறோம்:

1. கபிரியேல் அதிதூதர் கிறிஸ்துவின் மனித அவதாரத்தை அறிவித்த பின் கன்னி மரியாள் தன் உறவினரான எலிசபெத்தம்மாளைச் சந்திக்க சென்றது.


2. அவரது உதரத்திலிருந்த ஸ்நாபக அருளப்பர் (John the Baptist) கன்னி மரியாளின் வாழ்த்து மொழிகளைக் கேட்டதும் ஜென்மப் பாவத்திலிருந்து விடுவிக்கப்பட்டது.


3. பரிசுத்த ஆவியால் ஏவப்பட்ட எலிசபெத்தம்மாள், "பெண்களுக்குள் ஆசீர்வதிக்கப்பட்டவள் நீரே" என கன்னி மரியாளைப் பாராட்டியது.




4. "என் ஆன்மா ஆண்டவரை ஏத்திப் போற்றுகின்றது" என்னும் உயரிய பாடலை மரியாள் இசைத்தது.



எலிசபெத்தம்மாள் எருசலேமிலிருந்து மேல் திசையில் ஆறு மைல் தொலைவில் மலை நாட்டில் வசித்து வந்தார். அவருக்கு உதவி செய்யும்படி கன்னி மரியாள் சென்றார். தன்னைவிட தாழ்ந்த நிலையில் ஒரு பெண்ணுக்கு உதவி செய்யப் போகிறார். அவரை கூப்பிடாமலே தானாகக் செல்கிறார். ஒன்று இரண்டு நாட்களல்ல, மூன்று மாதங்களாக அங்கு தங்கி எல்லா வேலைகளையும் செய்கிறார்.

எலிசபெத்தம்மாள் அவரை வாழ்த்தியதும், தன்னைப்பற்றி பெருமை கொள்ளாமல் கடவுளை வாழ்த்துகிறார் மரியாள். ஏறக்குறைய மூன்று மாதம் எலிசபெத்தம்மாளோடு தங்கியிருந்தபின் வீடு திரும்பினார்.

Article

This day is called the Visitation of the Blessed Virgin Mary because on it Mary visited her cousin Elizabeth, whom, as the angel had told her, God had blessed with a son in her old age.


In the Introit of the Mass the Church sings



"Hail, holy parent, who didst bring forth the King Who rules heaven and earth forever. My heart hath uttered a good word; I speak of my works for the King."


Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Ghost. As it was in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be, world without end. Amen.


Prayer

Vouchsafe, O Lord, we beseech Thee, unto us Thy servants the gift of Thy heavenly grace, that, as in the childbirth of the Blessed Virgin our salvation began, so from the votive solemnity of her visitation we may obtain an increase of peace. Through Our Lord Jesus Christ, etc. Amen.


Epistle: Canticle 2:8-14

Behold he cometh leaping upon the mountains, skipping over the hills. My beloved is like a roe or a young hart; behold he standeth behind our wall, looking through the windows, looking through the lattices. Behold my beloved speaketh to me: Arise, make haste, my love, my dove, my beautiful one, and come. For winter is now past, the rain is over and gone. The flowers have appeared in our land, the tune of pruning is come; the voice of the turtle is heard in our land; the fig-tree hath put forth her green figs; the vines in flower yield their sweet smell. Arise, my love, my beautiful one, and come; my dove in the clifts of the rock, in the hollow places of the wall, show me thy face, let thy voice sound in my ears; for thy. voice is sweet, and thy face comely.


Gospel: Luke 1:39-47

At that time: Mary rising up went unto the hill-country with haste, into a city of Juda; and she entered into the house of Zachary, and saluted Elizabeth. And it came to pass, that when Elizabeth heard the salutation of Mary, the infant leaped in her womb, and Elizabeth was filled with the Holy Ghost; and she cried out with a loud voice and said: Blessed art thou among women, and blessed is the fruit of thy womb. And whence is this to me, that the Mother of my Lord should come to me? For behold, as soon as the voice of thy salutation sounded in my ears, the infant in my womb leaped for joy. And blessed art thou that hast believed, because those things shall be accomplished that were spoken to thee by the Lord. And Mary said: My soul doth magnify the Lord; and my spirit hath rejoiced in God my Saviour.


As soon as Mary heard that Elizabeth was with child she hastened to her. The alacrity of the Blessed Virgin teaches us that we should take part with gladness in the happiness of our fellow-men, and quickly make ourselves ready to discharge our duties, sacrificing for that object, if necessary, even our own much-loved retirement, our devotions and other exercises of piety.


Mary visited her cousin out of real love, not out of unmeaning ceremony. Would that her example were followed in our visits!


By the visit of the Blessed Virgin John was sanctified in his mother's womb, and Elizabeth, enlightened by the Holy Ghost, knew, by the miraculous movements of her child, that Mary was the Mother of the Lord. Such effects did this visit produce. What would Jesus effect in us if we received Him with due preparation!


Explanation of the Canticle "Magnificat," Or "My Soul Doth Magnify The Lord"


In this hymn Mary with joy praises God, the Lord, that He has regarded her humility, aud made her to be the Mother of His only-begotten Son, wherefore she should be called blessed by all generations; and she declares the truths and mysteries which the incarnation brought to light. The mercy of God, namely, reaches from generation to generation to them that fear Him. He scatters the thoughts of the proud, and puts down from their seats the mighty; but He exalts the humble. He fills those who hunger for justice with good things, but those who think themselves rich He sends away empty. He receives all true Israelites, and performs in them the promises which He gave to the fathers. This hymn is repeated by the Church every day at Vespers, in praise of the work of redemption, begun by the incarnation of the Son of God in Mary. Would that every Christian, since he becomes one only by Christ being, as it were, born in him, might share those feelings which the Blessed Virgin and Mother has expressed in this hymn of praise, and, with the Church, daily praise God for the mystery of the incarnation!


Aspiration

O Lord Jesus Christ, Son of the living God, Who didst descend from the highest heavens io the womb of the Virgin Mary, didst therein rest for rune months, and with her didst condescend to visit and sanctify Saint John, grant that we, by the practice of good works, particularly of humility, may become partakers of the fruits of Thy incarnation.



Saint Camilla Battista Varano


Also known as

• Battista Varano

• Camilla da Varano



Profile

Born to the wealthy nobility; her father was the prince of Camerino, Italy. Camilla early felt a call to the religious life, which her family initially opposed, hoping for a good marriage for her. She became a Poor Clare nun in Urbino, Italy at age 23. Abbess of the convent of Santa Maria Nuova at Camarino, Italy which her father had restored for her. In 1502 her father and brothers were all killed for political reasons. In 1505, Pope Julius II sent her to found a Poor Clare convent in Fermo, Italy. In 1521 she helped institute the rule of the Poor Clares in San Severino Marche, Italy. Visionary; the visions of angels helped her understand several theological concepts. Stigmatist.


Born

9 April 1458 in Camerino, Macerata, Italy


Died

• 31 May 1524 in Camerino, Macerata, Italy of natural causes

• interred in the Poor Clare monastery in Camerino


Beatified

• 7 April 1843 by Pope Gregory XVI (cultus confirmed)

• 19 December 2005 by Pope Benedict XVI (decree of heroic virtues)


Canonized

17 October 2010 Pope Benedict XVI



Blessed James Salomone


Also known as

• Father of the Poor

• James of Salomonio

• James Salomonelli

• James Salomonio

• James Salomonius

• James the Venetian



Profile

Born to the nobility, and an only child. His father died when James was very small, his mother left the family to become a Cistercian nun, and James was raised by his grandmother. Tutored by a Cistercian monk who taught the boy to meditate. When he came of age, he became a Dominican at Santa Maria Celeste in Venice, Italy. On his way to the monastery he gave away his money to the poor he met on the way, keeping only enough to buy books; on arrival, he found a lay-brother in need of clothes; he gave the man the rest of his money, and entered empty-handed. Dominican for 66 years, holding offices in several houses in and around Venice. When word got out about his gift for spiritual direction, he feared the notoriety, and tried to withdraw from public life, transferring to the house in Forli, Italy, a place noted for its poverty and strict observance. Worked with the sick, heard confessions by the hour, and gave away everything that came to hand. Noted healer with hundreds of miraculous cures attributed to his intervention.


Born

1231 at Venice, Italy


Died

• 31 March 1314 of cancer at Forli, Italy

• buried in the chapel at Forli


Beatified

1526 by Pope Clement VII


Patronage

• against cancer; cancer patients

• Forli, Italy




Saint Petronilla of Rome

 புனிதர் பெட்ரோனிலா 

(St. Petronilla)

கன்னியர் மறைசாட்சி:

(Virgin Martyr)

கன்னியர், மறைசாட்சி:

(Virgin, Martyr)

பிறப்பு: தெரியவில்லை

இறந்தது: 1 ஆம் நூற்றாண்டு; 3 ஆம் நூற்றாண்டு

ஏற்கும் சமயம்:

ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை

(Roman Catholic Church)

நினைவுத் திருநாள்: மே 31

பாதுகாவல்:

ஃபிரான்சின் டாபின்கள் (The dauphins of France) (ஃபிரான்சின் சிம்மாசனத்தின் வெளிப்படையான வாரிசுக்கு வழங்கப்பட்ட தலைப்பு), மலை பயணிகள்; திருத்தந்தையர் மற்றும் ஃபிராங்கிஷ் பேரரசர்களுக்கு இடையிலான ஒப்பந்தங்கள்; காய்ச்சலுக்கு எதிராக

புனிதர் பெட்ரோனிலா ஒரு ஆதிகால கிறிஸ்தவ துறவி ஆவார். கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபையால் அவர் ஒரு ஆசீர்வதிக்கப்பட்ட கன்னியர் மறைசாட்சியாக வணங்கப்படுகிறார். பெட்ரோனிலா "டொமிடிலா" (Domitilla family) குடும்பத்தைச் சேர்ந்த ஒரு உன்னதப் பெண்ணாக இருந்தார். அவர் கி.பி. முதலாம் நூற்றாண்டின் பிற்பகுதியில் அல்லது மூன்றாம் நூற்றாண்டின் தொடக்கத்தில், ரோம் நகரில், கிறிஸ்தவ மதமாற்றம் பெற்றவர் ஆவார்.  அவர் மரித்தார்.

பெட்ரோனிலா பாரம்பரியமாக புனிதர் பேதுருவின் மகள் என்று அடையாளம் காணப்படுகிறது. இருப்பினும் இது பெயர்களின் ஒற்றுமையிலிருந்து வெறுமனே தோன்றக்கூடும். அவர் துறவியின் மதமாற்றக்காரராக இருந்திருக்கலாம் (இதனால் ஒரு "ஆன்மீக மகள்"), அல்லது பின்பற்றுபவர் அல்லது வேலைக்காரர் என்றுகூட பொருள்படும். புனிதர் பேதுரு அவரை வாத நோயிலிருந்து குணப்படுத்தினார் என்று கூறப்படுகிறது.



ரோமானிய கல்வெட்டுகள் அவளை ஒரு மறைசாட்சியாக அடையாளம் காட்டுகின்றன. அவர் புனிதர் "ஃபிளேவியா டொமிடிலா"வுடன் (Saint Flavia Domitilla) தொடர்புடையவராக இருக்கலாம்.

பெட்ரோனிலா ஒரு அழகான பெண் என்றும், பாகன் மன்னனான "ஃப்ளாக்கஸ்" (Flaccus) என்பவன் இவரை மணக்க விரும்பினான். ஃப்ளாக்கஸுடன் (Flaccus) திருமணத்தை மறுத்துவிட்ட பெட்ரோனிலா, அதற்கு பதிலாக தன்னை கிறிஸ்துவுக்கு அர்ப்பணிக்க விரும்பினார். இவரைப்போன்றவர்களிடமிருந்து பெட்ரோனிலா வை காப்பதற்காக, தூய பேதுரு இவரை ஒரு ஒரு கோபுரத்தில் பூட்டி வைத்திருந்தார் என்றும், "ஃப்ளாக்கஸ்" (Flaccus) போன்றோரிடமிருந்து தப்புவதற்காக பெட்ரோனிலா உண்ணா நோன்பிருந்து தன்னை வருத்திக்கொண்டதாகவும், அதன் விளைவாக இவர் மரித்துப்போனதாகவும், இவர் சம்பந்தப்பட்ட புராணங்கள் கூறுகின்றன.


இவர் சம்பந்தப்பட்ட மற்றுமொரு புராண கதையில், தமது கிறிஸ்தவ விசுவாசத்தை கைவிட மறுத்த காரணத்தால், இவர் துன்புறுத்தப்பட்டு கொல்லப்பட்டார் என்றும் கூறப்படுகிறது.

Also known as

Aurelia Petronilla, Pernelle, Peroline, Perrenotte, Perrette, Perrine, Perronelle, Petronella, Peyronne, Peyronnelle, Pierrette, Pérette, Périne, Pétronille


Profile

For centuries legend said she was the daughter of Saint Peter, and that she was so beautiful that he had locked her in a tower to keep her from eligible men, but none of that is true. She may have been related to Peter, a servant, a co-worker, one of his converts, his "spiritual daughter", or the tradition may have started because of the similarities of the names. May have been related to Saint Flavia Domitilla of Terracina. Cured of palsy by Saint Peter. One story says she refused a marriage offer by a pagan king named Flaccus; when he pressed his case, she went on a hunger strike, and died three days later. Old inscriptions, however, list her as a martyr in the more common murdered-for-the-faith form.



Born

1st century Roman citizen


Died

• 1st century

• relics in Saint Peter's cathedral, Rome, Italy


Patronage

• against fever

• dauphins of France

• mountain travellers

• treaties between Popes and Frankish emperors




Blessed Iacobus Chu Mun-mo


Also known as

• Jacob Chu Mun-mo

• James Zhou Wen-mo

• Zhou Wenmo



Additional Memorial

20 September as one of the Martyrs of Korea


Profile

Orphaned as a child, he was raised by his grandmother. Convert to Catholicism. Studied at the diocesan seminary in Beijing, China, and was one of the first priest ordained there.


Christianity had taken root in Korea through the work of lay people who learned of the faith from books and letters written by missionaries to China. Father James was the first priest to enter the country, crossing the border on 24 December 1794. He studied Korean, and conducted his first Mass on Easter Sunday 1795. When the authorities learned of his presence, they began to hunt for him; he had been assisted in hiding out by Blessed Paulus Yun Yu-il, Blessed Matthaeus Choe In-gil, and Blessed Sabas Ji Hwang, all of whom were martyred for having helped him. Father James stayed on the move, ministering to covert Christians, compiling a catechism in Korea, organizing classes in Scripture and doctrine. Thousands were brought to the faith.


In 1801 the government began arresting and torturing lay people to learn where Father James was hiding. To stop this abuse, Father James surrendered to the authorities on 11 March 1801. Over the next 10 weeks he was repeatedly interrogated and tortured, the authorities believing he was a spy, that Christianity was subversive, that he came with some evil intent. He talked of nothing but Christ. Martyr.


Born

1752 in Suzhou, Jiangsu, China


Died

• beheaded on 31 May 1801 by the Han River in Saenamteo, Seoul, South Korea

• legend says that at the moment of his execution the skies clouded over and a violent hail storm descended on his executioners


Beatified

15 August 2014 by Pope Francis



Saint Mechtildis of Edelstetten


Also known as

• Mechthildis of Diessen

• Mechthildis of Ammersee

• Mechthildis of Andechs

• Mechthildis von Dießen

• Mathildis, Mechtild, Mechtilde, Meta, Matilda, Matilde



Profile

Born to the nobility, the daughter of Count Berthold and Sophie of Andechs; sister of Blessed Euphemia of Altomünster. Raised in a Benedictine convent at Diessen, Germany that had been founded by her parents. When she became Benedictine nun herself, her obvious virtue led to her superiors making her novice mistress. Abbess at Driessen and then of Edelstetten Abbey in 1153 where she was known as a reformer, mystic and miracle worker.


Born

1125 in Bavaria, Germany


Died

• 31 May 1160 at Diessen, Bavaria, Germany of natural causes

• relics enshrined in 1468

• relics transferred to the Saint Sebastian chapel in the Diessen abbey in 1488

• relics transferred to the Saint Magdalen altar in the early 18th century


Patronage

• against eye diseases

• against headaches

• against lightning

• against thunder



Blessed Mariano of Roccacasale


Also known as

• Cicchetti (childhood nickname; means "snack size" or "little bit")

• Domenico di Nicolantonio

• Marianus...



Profile

Born to a poor but pious farm family, he worked as a shepherd on Mount Morrone until the age of 23. Joined the Franciscans in 1802 at the convent of Saint Nicholas in Arischia, Italy as a lay brother; he served as cook, gardener, woodworker and alms beggar for 12 years. Friar Minor at the Franciscan convent in Bellegra, Italy, outside Rome, in 1815. There he served over 50 years as porter, dispensing charity and aid to pilgrims and the poor. Known for great devotion to Our Lady, for his devotion to Eucharistic Adoration, and his complete poverty and disregard of worldly concerns for himself. With little education but much time in prayer, he became a spritual advisor to many.


Born

13 January 1778 in Roccacasale, L'Aquila, Italy


Died

31 May 1866 in Bellegra (a.k.a. Civitella), Rome, Italy of natural causes


Veneration

3 May 1923 by Pope Pius XI (decree on heroic virtues)


Beatified

• 3 October 1999 by Pope John Paul II

• the beatification miracle involved the complete cure of a 15 month old boy, Louis Reposini, from severe encephalitis on the evening of 28 March 1918 through the intercession of Brother Mariano



Blessed Nicolas Barré


Profile

Educated by Jesuits. Joined the Minims of Saint Francis of Paola at age 19. Taught philosophy while still a deacon. Priest. Director of the library at the convent of Place Royale, Paris, France. Noted preacher. Falling ill, he was sent to the friary in Amiens, France, and then to Rouen, France. After much prayer and thought, Nicholas decided that a lack of education was behind most social evils as young people were unable to fit into society, and so he started an educational movement. Small general classes were begun in many parishes, and trade schools and apprentice programs soon developed. He helped found a community of men and women teachers dedicated to public education; these Charitable Teachers helped found several other groups with the same mission. Consulted several times by Saint John Baptist de la Salle who used Nicolas's thought when founding the Brothers of the Christian Schools. Noted spiritual director who taught an abandonment to faith. Founded Sisters of the Infant Jesus, Sisters of the Infant Jesus - Providence Sisters of Rouen, and Sisters of Providence of Lisieux.



Born

21 October 1621 in Amiens, Somme, France


Died

31 May 1686 in Paris, France of natural causes


Beatified

7 March 1999 by Pope John Paul II



Saint Felice of Nicosia


Also known as

• Felice Amoroso of Nicosia

• Filippo Giacomo Amoroso



Profile

Son of a shoemaker, he learned his father's trade. Pious, hard working youth. Orphan. At age 19 he tried to enter a Capuchin convent, but was turned away; he tried again; and again; and again. After eight years of pleading, he was admitted on 19 October 1743, taking the name Felix. For 40 years he served as a beggar for his house. Had a great devotion to the Blessed Sacrament. Had the gift of healing, both physical and spiritual, and of bilocation. Worked tirelessly with the sick during a plague epidemic in Cerami, Italy in March 1777, healing many and coming though it unharmed. He was so devoted to his obedience to his Order that he asked his guardian for permission to die.


Born

5 November 1715 in Nicosia, Italy as Giacomo Amoroso


Died

• 31 May 1787 in Nicosia, Italy of natural causes

• relics translated to the cathedral of Nicosia in 1891


Canonized

23 October 2005 by Pope Benedict XVI at Rome, Italy



Blessed Vitalis of Assisi


Profile

Following a wild and mis-spent youth, Vitalis had a conversion and sought to do penance first by going on pilgrimage to the most important shrines throughout Europe, and then by becoming a Benedictine monk at Monte Subasio in Umbria, Italy. Late in life he left community life to live as a barefoot hermit near Assisi, Italy; his only possession was a basket he used to fetch water. Known throughout the region for his piety and healing miracles, especially involving the urinary tract.



Born

1295 in Bastia Umbra, Italy


Died

31 May 1370 in Assisi, Italy of natural causes


Patronage

against bladder disease



Blessed Robert Thorpe


Additional Memorials

• 22 November as one of the Martyrs of England, Scotland and Wales

• 29 October as one of the Martyrs of Douai


Profile

Began studying at the English College in Rheims, France on 1 March 1583. Ordained in April 1585. Returned to England on 9 May 1585 to minister to covert Catholics in Yorkshire. Betrayed to a justice of the peace by some one who had seen him preparing palm fronds, he was arrested in bed in the early morning of Palm Sunday, 1591 for the crime of being a priest. Martyr.


Born

c.1560 in Yorkshire, England


Died

hanged, drawn and quartered on 31 May 1591 in York, North Yorkshire, England


Beatified

22 November 1987 by Pope John Paul II



Saint Nowa Mawaggali


Also known as

• Noah Mawaggali

• Noe Mawaggali



Additional Memorial

3 June as one of the Martyrs of Uganda


Profile

Member of the Ngabi clan. Convert. One of the Martyrs of Uganda who died in the Mwangan persecutions.


Born

at Buganda, Uganda


Died

stabbed with a spear and torn apart by wild dogs on 31 May 1886 at Mityana, Uganda


Canonized

18 October 1964 by Pope Paul VI at Rome, Italy



Blessed Thomas Watkinson


Additional Memorial

22 November as one of the Martyrs of England, Scotland, and Wales


Profile

Married layman and family man in the apostolic vicariate of England who provided aid to covert priests in the persecutions of Queen Elizabeth I. Martyr.


Born

in Menthorpe, North Yorkshire, England


Died

hanged, drawn and quartered on 31 May 1591 in York, North Yorkshire, England


Beatified

22 November 1987 by Pope John Paul II



Saint Silvio of Toulouse


Profile

Fourth bishop of Toulouse, France. Designed and began the construction of the first basilica in the diocese. Enshrined the relics of Saint Saturninus of Toulouse.



Died

c.400 in Toulouse, France of natural causes



Blessed Juan Moya Collado


Profile

Young layman in the diocese of Almeria Spain. Martyred in the Spanish Civil War.


Born

2 October 1918 in Almeria Spain


Died

31 May 1938 in Turón, Granada Spain


Venerated

14 June 2016 by Pope Francis (decree of martyrdom)



Blessed Kasper Gerarz


Also known as

Kaspar


Profile

Premonstratensian monk. Canon of the monastery in Heylissem, Belgium. Spiritual director of the convent of Langwaden in Grevenbroich, Germany.


Born

1544 in the Netherlands


Died

31 May 1614 of natural causes



Saint Alexander of Auvergne


Profile

Martyr.


Died

• somewhere in the area of modern France, date unknown

• relics enshrined in modern Auvergne, France



Saint Crescentian of Sassari


Also known as

Crescentianus


Profile

Martyred in the persecutions of Hadrian.


Died

c.130 in Sassari, Sardinia, Italy



Blessed Nicholaus of Vangadizza


Profile

Camaldolese monk and priest in the abbey of Vangadizza (in modern Badia Polesine, Italy).


Died

c.1210



Saint Mancus of Cornwall


Profile

Sixth century saint who lived in Cornwall. A church is dedicated to him, but no information about him has survived.


Born

Ireland



Saint Myrbad of Cornwall


Profile

Sixth century saint who lived in Cornwall. A church is dedicated to him, but no information about him has survived.


Born

Ireland



Saint Winnow of Cornwall


Profile

Sixth century saint who lived in Cornwall. A church is dedicated to him, but no information about him has survived.


Born

Ireland



Saint Galla of Auvergne


Profile

Martyr.


Died

• somewhere in the area of modern France, date unknown

• relics enshrined in modern Auvergne, France



Blessed Nicholaus of Vaucelles


Profile

One of the first members of the Cistercians. Monk. Abbot of the Vaucelles abbey.


Died

c.1163



Saint Hermias of Comana


 கொமானா நகர் புனிதர் ஹெர்மியாஸ் 


(St. Hermias of Comana)

மறைசாட்சி:

(Martyr)

பிறப்பு: தெரியவில்லை

இறப்பு: கி.பி. 160

கொமானா, கப்படோசியா

(Comana, Cappadocia)

ஏற்கும் சமயம்:

ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை

(Roman Catholic Church)

கிழக்கு மரபுவழி திருச்சபை

(Eastern Orthodox Church)

நினைவுத் திருநாள்: மே 31

கொமானா நகர் புனிதர் ஹெர்மியாஸ், ஒரு ஆதிகால கிறிஸ்தவ திருச்சபையின் மறைசாட்சியும், ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க மற்றும் கிழக்கு மரபுவழி திருச்சபைகளின் புனிதரும் ஆவார். இரண்டாம் நூற்றாண்டில் வாழ்ந்த இப்புனிதர், ரோம இராணுவத்தில் (Roman army) சிப்பாயாக நெடுங்காலம் பணியாற்றியவர் ஆவார். கிறிஸ்துவின் மேலுள்ள விசுவாசத்திற்காக கொடூரமாக துன்புறுத்தப்பட்டு மறைசாட்சியாக கொல்லப்பட்டார்.



ஹெர்மியாஸ், "போன்டஸ்" எனுமிடத்திலுள்ள (Comana in Pontus) "கொமானா" எனுமிடத்தில் ரோம இராணுவத்தின் சிப்பாயாக நீண்ட கால சேவையாற்றினார். "அன்டோனியஸ் பயஸின்" (Antoninus Pius) ஆட்சியின் கீழ் (கி.பி. 138-161) இராணுவ சேவையை நிறைவு செய்த இவர், தமது சேவைக்காக சம்பளமாகவோ ஏனைய படியாகவோ ஏதும் பெற்றுக்கொள்ள மறுத்துவிட்டார். தமது விசுவாசத்தை கிறிஸ்துவில் அர்ப்பணித்தார்.


இவற்றை அறிந்த செபாஸ்டியன் (Sebastian) எனும் "கொமானா" எனுமிடத்தின் ஆளுநர் (Proconsul in Comana), கிறிஸ்துவில் விசுவாசத்தை மறுதலிக்கவும், ரோம பேரரசின்மேல் விசுவாசத்தை அறிக்கையிடவும் ஹெர்மியாசை அழைத்தான். அக்காலத்தில், ஆளுநர் என்பவர், பண்டைய ரோம் நாட்டில் ஏகாதிபத்திய அதிகாரம் கொண்ட பதவியாகும்.

ரோம ஆளுநர் செபாஸ்டியனின் (Sebastian) அழைப்பினை கடுமையாக நிராகரித்த ஹெர்மியாஸ், துன்புறுத்துவதற்காக அனுப்பப்பட்டார். சித்திரவதையாளர்களால் அவரது தாடை எலும்புகள் உடைக்கப்பட்டன. அவருடைய முகத்தின் தோல் உரிக்கப்பட்டது. பின்னர், எரியும் உலையில் எறியப்பட்ட இவர் மூன்று நாட்களின் பின்னர் எவ்வித காயங்களோ பாதிப்புகளோ இன்றி வெளிவந்தார். 

இவற்றையெல்லாம் கண்டு ஆத்திரம் கொண்ட செபாஸ்டியன், கொடிய விஷம் தயாரிக்கும் மந்திரவாதியான "மாரஸ்" (Marus) என்பவனின் உதவியை நாடினான். விஷம் தயாரிக்கப்பட்டு ஹெர்மியாஸ் அருந்த கொடுக்கப்பட்டது. ஆனால், அவ்விஷம் புனிதரை தீங்கு ஏதும் செய்யவில்லை. மீண்டும் கொடிய விஷம் தயாரிக்கப்பட்டு கொடுக்கப்பட்டது. பின்னரும் அதனால் எவ்வித பாதிப்பும் இல்லை என்றானதும், கிறிஸ்துவின் தெய்வீக சக்தியை உணர்ந்த "மாரஸ்" (Marus) கிறிஸ்துவில் தமது விசுவாசத்தை அறிக்கையிட்டு வெளிப்படுத்தினான். இதுகண்ட செபாஸ்டியன், உடனடியாக "மாரஸின்" (Marus) தலையை வெட்டிக் கொன்றான். புனிதர் "மாரஸ்" (Marus) தமது சொந்த இரத்தத்தாலேயே திருமுழுக்கு அளிக்கப்பட்டார். உடனேயே மறைசாட்சி எனவும் அறிவிக்கப்பட்டார்.

புனிதர் ஹெர்மியாஸ் புதிய துன்புறுத்தல்களுக்கு ஆளாக்கப்பட்டார். கொதிக்கும் எண்ணெயில் இடப்பட்டார். அவரது கண்கள் பிடுங்கப்பட்டன. தலைகீழாக மூன்று நாட்கள் தொங்கவிடப்பட்டார். ஆனாலும் அவர் கிறிஸ்துவில் தமது நன்றியை அறிவித்துக்கொண்டேயிருந்தார். இறுதியில், வெறி பிடித்த செபாஸ்டியன் இப்புனிதரின் தலையை தமது வாளால் வெட்டிக் கொன்றான்.

Hermias of Comana (/hɜːrˈmaɪəs/; Greek: Ἑρμείας) is an early martyr commemorated in the Orthodox Church and the Catholic Church.[1] He lived in the 2nd century and was a soldier in the Roman army until he confessed Christ and was tortured. His feast day is 31 May.

Life

The Saint and Martyr Hermias was a soldier who had spent long years in the Roman army, in Comana in Pontus.[2] Completing his service under the reign of Antoninus Pius (138-161), he refused any pay and confessed his faith to Christ. He was arrested and brought before Sebastian, Proconsul in Comana, who summoned him to renounce his confession to show his loyalty towards the Roman emperor. As Hermias refused vigorously, he was sent to be tortured. His tormentors broke his jaws, and then tore off the skin of his face. He was then thrown in a burning furnace, from which he left unscathed after three days. Sebastian then decided to resort to a sorcerer Marus, who concocted a strong poison with the intention of killing the Saint. Hermias blessed the poison with the sign of the cross and drank it with no harm. Having seen Saint Hermias drink with no effect a second stronger poison that he had prepared for him, Marus himself confessed the divine power of Christ and was immediately beheaded. Saint Marus was baptized in his own blood, and was made a martyr. Hermias was then subjected to new torments: he was plunged in boiling oil, his eyes were gouged out, and he was then suspended upside down for three days, but he kept giving thanks to Christ. Finally, the crazed Sebastian beheaded him with his own sword. Christians secretly buried the body of the martyr Hermias, whose relics bestowed numerous healings.

Profile

Professional soldier. Martyr. Mentioned prominently in Greek liturgy.

Died

170 at Comana, Pontus



Saint Paschasius of Rome


Profile

Deacon in Rome, Italy. Wrote on theology.


Died

c.512



Saint Donatian of Cirta


Profile

Martyr.


Died

Cirta, Numidia (in modern Algeria)



Martyrs of Aquileia


Profile

Three young members of the imperial Roman nobility and who were raised in a palace and had Saint Protus of Aquileia as tutor and catechist. To escape the persecutions of Diocletian, the family sold their property and moved to Aquileia, Italy. However, the authorities there quickly ordered them to sacrifice to idols; they refused. Martyrs all - Cantianilla, Cantian and Cantius.



Died

beheaded in 304 at Aquae-Gradatae (modern San-Cantiano) just outside Aquileia, Italy



Martyrs of the Via Aurelia


Profile

Four Christians martyred together. No information about them has survived except their names - Justa, Lupus, Tertulla and Thecla.


Died

69 on the Via Aurelia near Rome, Italy



Martyrs of Gerona


Also known as

• Martyrs of Gerunda

• Martyrs of Girona


Profile

A group of Christians martyred together. No details about them have survived but the names –


• Agapia

• Amelia

• Castula

• Cicilia

• Donatus

• Firmus

• Fortunata

• Gaullenus

• Germanus

• Honorius

• Istialus

• Justus

• Lautica

• Lupus

• Maxima

• Paulica

• Rogate

• Rogatus

• Silvanus

• Tecla

• Teleforus

• Tertula

• Tertus

• Victoria

• Victurinus

• Victurus


Died

Gerona, Catalonia, Spain, date unknown