St. Narcisa De Jesus Martillo Moran
புனிதர் நர்ஸிசா டி ஜீசஸ்
பொதுநிலைப் பெண்மணி:
பிறப்பு: அக்டோபர் 29, 1832
நோபோல், குவாயஸ், ஈகுவேடார்
இறப்பு: டிசம்பர் 8, 1869 (வயது 37)
லிமா, பெரு
ஏற்கும் சமயம்:
ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை
முக்திபேறு பட்டம்: அக்டோபர் 25, 1992
திருத்தந்தை இரண்டாம் ஜான் பவுல்
புனிதர் பட்டம்: அக்டோபர் 12, 2008
திருத்தந்தை பதினாறாம் பெனடிக்ட்
முக்கிய திருத்தலம்:
சேன்ச்சுவரியோ டி தூய நர்ஸிசா டி ஜீசஸ் மார்டில்லோ மோரன், ஈகுவேடார்
நினைவுத் திருநாள்: ஆகஸ்ட் 30
புனிதர் நர்ஸிசா டி ஜீசஸ் மார்டில்லோ மோரன் (Saint Narcisa de Jesús Martillo Morán), தென் அமெரிக்காவிலுள்ள (South America) “ஈகுவேடார்” (Ecuador) நாட்டைச் சேர்ந்த ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபையின் ஒரு பொதுநிலைப் பெண்மணியாவார். இயேசு கிறிஸ்துவின்பால் தாம் கொண்டிருந்த கடுமையான பக்தி மற்றும் தர்மசிந்தை காரணமாக இவர் அறியப்படுகிறார். ஏறத்தாழ ஒரு துறவியைப் போல ஒதுங்கி வாழ்ந்த இவர், இயேசுவின் விருப்பம் அறிந்து தம்மையே அர்ப்பணித்து வாழ்ந்தார்.
அவருடைய பெற்றோரின் மரணம், தையல்காரராக வேலை செய்வதற்காக அவரை இடமாற்றம் செய்யத் தூண்டியது. அதே நேரத்தில் தமது உடன்பிறந்த சகோதரர்களின் தேவைகளுக்காகவும், ஒரு மறைக்கல்வி போதிப்பவராகவும், ஒரு கல்வியாளராகவும் அவரது பணிகளை இரட்டிப்பாகியது. ஆனால் கடவுள் மீதான அவருடைய பக்தி வலுவானது. அது, "பெரு" (Peru) நகரில் உள்ள டொமினிகன் சபை துறவியரிடையே வாழ வழிவகுத்தது. அங்கு அவர் இறப்பதற்கு முன்பு தமது இறுதி காலத்தை அங்கேதான் செலவிட்டார்.
நர்ஸிசா, "ஈக்வடார்" (Ecuador) நாட்டிலுள்ள "நோபோல்" (Nobol) நகரில் அருகேயுள்ள "சான் ஜோஸ்" (San José) என்ற சிறிய கிராமத்தில், நில உரிமையாளர்களான "பெட்ரோ மார்டிலோ" (Pedro Martillo) மற்றும் "ஜோசஃபினா மோரன்" (Josefina Morán) ஆகிய பெற்றோருக்கு பிறந்த ஒன்பது குழந்தைகளில் ஆறாவது குழந்தையாக, கி.பி. 1832ம் ஆண்டு, அக்டோபர் மாதம், 29ம் நாளன்று, பிறந்தார். புனிதர் "மரியானா டி ஜீசஸ்" (St. Mariana of Jesus de Paredes) மற்றும் "போலந்தின் புனிதர் ஹ்யாசிந்த்" (Hyacinth of Poland) ஆகியோர் மீது பக்தி கொண்டிருந்த இவரது தந்தை கடுமையாக உழைத்து, கணிசமான செல்வத்தை குவித்து வைத்திருந்தார்.
கி.பி. 1838ம் ஆண்டு, இவரது ஆறு வயதில், இவரது தாயார் இறந்தார். இதன் விளைவாக வீட்டு வேலைகளை அவர் மேற்கொண்டார். அதே நேரத்தில், இவரது ஒரு மூத்த சகோதரியும், ஆசிரியை ஒருவரும், இவருக்கு எழுத படிக்கவும், கிதார் வாசிக்கவும், பயன்படுத்தவும் கற்றுக் கொடுத்தனர். அவர், தையல் மற்றும் சமையல் வேலைகளையும் கற்றுக்கொண்டார். சிறுமி நர்ஸிசா, தனது வீட்டில் இருந்த ஒரு சிறிய அறையை வீட்டு சிற்றாலயமாக மாற்றினார். அவர், கி.பி. 1839ம் ஆண்டு, செப்டம்பர் மாதம், 16ம் நாளன்று, தனது உறுதிப்பூசுதல் அருட்சாதனம் பெற்றார்.
மார்ட்டிலோ தனது வீட்டிற்கு அருகில் ஒரு சிறிய வனத்தில், தனிமையில் தியானம் செய்ய அடிக்கடி சென்றார். அவர் சென்ற இடத்தினருகேயிருந்த கொய்யா மரம் இருந்த ஒரு இடம், இப்போது ஒரு பெரிய திருயாத்திரை இடமாக உள்ளது. புனிதர் "மரியானா டி ஜீசஸ்" (St. Mariana of Jesus de Paredes) என்பவரை தமது பாதுகாவல் புனிதராக தெரிந்துகொண்ட இவர், தனது சொந்த வாழ்க்கையில் அவரை பின்பற்ற முயன்றார். அமைதியான, மற்றும் தாராள மனப்பான்மையுடனும், இனிமையாகவும், சிந்தனையுடனும் அறியப்பட்ட மார்ட்டிலோ, தன்னைச் சுற்றியுள்ளவர்களுக்கு கீழ்ப்படிந்த பெண்ணாகவும் வாழ்ந்தார். அவருடைய கிராமத்தில் அவர் நன்கு அறியப்பட்ட அவர், அங்குள்ளோரால் நேசிக்கப்பட்டார். நல்ல உயரமான அவர், பிரகாசமான நீல நிற கண்களைக் கொண்டிருந்த மார்ட்டிலோ, பொன்னிறமாக இருந்தார். மேலும் வலிமையாகவும் சுறுசுறுப்பாகவும் இருந்தார்.
கி.பி. 1852ம் ஆண்டு, ஜனவரி மாதம், நிகழ்ந்த அவரது தந்தையின் மரணம், குயாகுவில்" (Guayaquil) நகருக்கு இவரை இடம் பெயரத் தூண்டியது. அங்கு அவர் முக்கிய பிரபுக்களுடன் வசித்து வந்தார். ஏழைகளுக்கும் நோயுற்றவர்களுக்கும் உதவுவதும், கைவிடப்பட்ட குழந்தைகளைப் பராமரிப்பதுமாக, தனது பணிகளைத் தொடங்கினார். தமது சமூக சேவை பணிகளுக்கான செலவினங்களுக்காகவும், தனது எட்டு சகோதர சகோதரிகளுக்கு ஆதரவளிப்பதற்காகவும் அவர் தையல் பணியை தேர்ந்தெடுத்தார்.
ஆனால் அவர் விரைவில் சில மாதங்களுக்கு "குயெங்கா" (Cuenca) நகருக்கு சென்றார். அங்கு அவர் வீடு வீடாகச் சென்று - மறைப்பணியாளர் "அருளாளர் மெர்சிடிஸ் டி ஜீசஸ் மோலினா" (Mercedes de Jesús Molina) உட்பட - அவரை அழைத்துச் செல்லும் எவருடனும் வசித்து வந்தார், அமைதியான சிந்தனைகளுக்கும் தவத்திற்கும் அதிக நேரம் செலவிட்டார்.
கி.பி. 1865ம் ஆண்டில் நோயுற்ற அவரது ஆன்மீக வழிகாட்டி, 1868ம் ஆண்டு, இறந்தார். அந்த நேரத்தில் உள்ளூர் ஆயர், இவரை கார்மலைட்டுகளுடன் வாழ அழைத்தார். ஆனால், இவர், இந்த வாய்ப்பை மறுத்துவிட்டார். கி.பி. 1868ம் ஆண்டு, ஜூன் மாதம், தனது புதிய ஃபிரான்சிஸ்கன் ஆன்மீக வழிகாட்டி "பெட்ரோ குவால்" (Pedro Gual) என்பவரது ஆலோசனையின் பேரில், பெரு (Peru) நாட்டிலுள்ள லிமா (Lima) நகருக்கு இடம் பெயர்ந்தார். அங்கு அவர், தாம் ஒரு கன்னியாஸ்திரி இல்லை எனினும், "பேட்ரோசினியோ" (Patrocinio) நகரிலுள்ள டொமினிகன் கான்வென்ட்டில் தங்கி வசித்து வந்தார். அங்கே அவர், தினமும் தொடர்ந்து எட்டுமணி நேரம் அமைதியான மற்றும் தலைமையிலான தியானங்களில் ஈடுபட்டார். கூடுதலாக, அவர் தினமும் இரவின் நான்கு மணிநேரங்களை, முள் கிரீடம் அணிவது, மற்றும் பல்வேறு வகையான தம்மைத்தாமே வருத்திக்கொள்ளும் செயல்களில் அர்ப்பணித்தார். தமது உணவைப் பொறுத்தவரை, அவர் ரொட்டி மற்றும் தண்ணீர் மட்டுமே உட்கொண்டு, உண்ணாவிரதம் இருந்தார். நற்கருணை மட்டுமே தமது முழு உணவாக எடுத்துக் கொண்டார். அதே நேரத்தில் அவர் சில சமயங்களில் பரவச நிலையிலும் காணப்பட்டார்.
கி.பி. 1869ம் ஆண்டு, செப்டம்பர் மாதத்தின் பிற்பகுதியில், அவருக்கு அதிக காய்ச்சல் ஏற்பட்டது. அதற்கான மருத்துவ சிகிச்சைகள் பெரிதாக ஒன்றும் பலனளிக்கவில்லை. இதன் விளைவாக, கி.பி. 1869ம் ஆண்டு, டிசம்பர் மாதம், 8ம் தேதி, நள்ளிரவுக்கு முன்பு அவர் இறைவனில் மரித்தார். அவரது மரணத்தின்போது, மார்ட்டிலோ இருந்த அறையில், ஒரு பரவசமான மற்றும் இனிமையான வாசனை நிரம்பியிருந்ததாக ஒரு கன்னியாஸ்திரி அறிவித்தார். முதலாவது வத்திக்கான் சபை (First Vatican Council) திறக்கப்பட்ட காலத்தில் அவர் இறந்தார்.
1998ம் ஆண்டு, ஆகஸ்ட் மாதம், 22ம் நாளன்று, அவரது திருஉடலின் மிச்சங்கள் பாதுகாக்கப்படும் "நோபோல்" (Nobo) நகரில் அவரது பெயரில் ஒரு திருத்தலம் அர்ப்பணிக்கப்பட்டது.
Feastday: August 30
Birth: 1832
Death: 1869
Beatified: 25 October 1992, Rome, Italy by Pope John Paul II
Canonized: October 12, 2008 by Pope Benedict XVI
Orphaned at an early age, Narcisa Martillo Moran, of Nobol, Ecuador, worked as a seamstress to contribute to the support of her brothers and sisters. Supported by the guidance of several spiritual directors, she resolved to consecrate her virginity to Christ and to spend the rest of her life offering prayers and penances to God in expiation for mankind's sins. Although she remained a laywoman, Narcisa followed a demanding daily schedule of eight hours of prayer, offered in silence and solitude. In addition to imposing upon herself an austere diet and very humble living quarters, she devoted four hours of the night to various forms of mortification, including the wearing of a crown of thorns. Narcisa was frequently seen in a state of ecstasy. She spent the concluding months of her life in Lima, Peru, where she died on December 8, 1869 at the age of thirty-seven.
For the town in Ecuador also known by this name, see Nobol.
Narcisa de Jesús Martillo Morán (29 October 1832 – 8 December 1869) was an Ecuadorian Catholic saint.[1] Martillo was known for her charitable giving and strict devotion to Jesus Christ while becoming somewhat of a hermit dedicated to discerning his will. The death of her parents prompted her to relocate in order to work as a seamstress while doubling as a catechist and educator to some of her siblings who needed caring. But her devotion to God was strong and it led her to live amongst the Dominican religious in Peru where she spent time before her death.[2][3]
Her cause for sainthood commenced on 27 September 1975, under Pope Paul VI, and she became titled as a Servant of God; while the confirmation of her life of heroic virtue allowed for Pope John Paul II to name her as Venerable on 23 October 1987. Martillo was beatified on 25 October 1992, after the approval of a 1967 miracle, while the confirmation of a 1992 miracle allowed for Pope Benedict XVI to canonise her on 12 October 2008 in Saint Peter's Square.[4]
Life
Narcisa de Jesús Martillo Morán was born on 29 October 1832 in the small village of San José in Nobol in Ecuador as the sixth of nine children born to Pedro Martillo and Josefina Morán who were landowners.[1] Her father was a great worker to the point that he amassed considerable wealth; he had a devotion to Blessed Mariana de Jesús and Saint Jacinto of Poland.[2]
Her mother died in 1838 and she took up much of the domestic chores as a result of this while an elder sister and teacher taught her to read and write as well as to sing and use the guitar; she also learned how to sew and cook. The girl also turned a small room in her house into a domestic chapel.[2][4] She received her Confirmation on 16 September 1839. Martillo frequented a small wood near her home for contemplation in solitude, while the guava tree near which she went to is now a large pilgrimage destination. The girl also chose the then-Blessed Mariana de Jesús as her patron with whom she identified and strove to imitate in her own life.[1] Martillo was known for being sweet and thoughtful with a peaceful and generous disposition; she was obedient to those around her and was well-known and loved in her village. Martillo was blonde with bright blue eyes and was strong and agile; she was also tall.
The death of her father in January 1852 prompted her to relocate to Guayaquil, where she lived with prominent nobles, and it was here that she began her mission of helping the poor and the sick and caring for abandoned children. It was also here that she took a job as a seamstress in order to fund her mission as well as supporting her eight brothers and sisters.[1][4] But she soon moved to Cuenca for some months where she went from home to home and lived with whoever would take her in including Mercedes de Jesús Molina, to allow herself greater time for silent contemplation and penance. In 1865 her spiritual director fell ill, and died in 1868, which was at the time the local bishop invited her to live with the Carmelites even though she had refused the offer.[3]
In June 1868 she relocated to Lima in Peru at the advice of her new Franciscan spiritual director Pedro Gual where she lived in the Dominican convent at Patrocinio despite not being a nun. It was here that she followed a demanding schedule of eight hours of reflection which was offered in silence and solitude.[1][2] In addition she devoted four hours of the night to various forms of mortification which included flagellation and the wearing of a crown of thorns. In terms of nourishment she fasted on bread and water alone and took the Eucharist as her sole form of sustenance while she was sometimes seen in an ecstatic state.
In late September 1869 she developed high fevers for which medical remedies could do little and she died as a result before midnight on 8 December 1869; upon her death a nun reported a pleasant and sweet odor filling the room that Martillo had died in. She died upon the opening of the First Vatican Council.[2][3] Her remains were deemed upon exhumation to be incorrupt in 1955, and were transferred from Peru back to her homeland of Ecuador until 1972, when moved to her village of Nobol. On 22 August 1998 a shrine in her honor was dedicated in Nobol where her remains now rest.[1]
Canonization
Her remains in Ecuador.
Upon her death the cities that she had dwelt in came to revere and acclaim her as a saint while the Dominican nuns she had lived with preserved her remains at their Peru convent. The cause for her canonization later commenced with the beginning of the informative process tasked with collecting documentation from 26 September 1961 until the process was closed on 10 July 1962 at which stage her writings received theological approval on 8 July 1965. The officials in charge of the cause sent a large Positio dossier to Rome to the Congregation for Rites for investigation before historians approved the cause on 8 May 1974. The formal introduction to the cause came under Pope Paul VI on 27 September 1975 and she became titled as a Servant of God as a result. Theologians met to discuss the cause on 24 July 1984 but did not come up with a clear consensus and so met again on 20 December 1984 where the group approved the cause. The members of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints approved the cause as well on 16 June 1987. Martillo became titled as Venerable on 23 October 1987 after Pope John Paul II acknowledged the fact that she had lived a model life of heroic virtue.
One miracle was required for her to be beatified and it had to be a healing that science and medicine could not explain. One such case arose and was investigated in a diocesan tribunal before the findings were submitted to the competent officials in Rome for further investigation. The C.C.S. validated this process on 30 June 1984 while a panel of medical experts approved the miraculous nature of this healing on 27 June 1991. Theologians approved it as well on 20 December 1991 after confirming the miracle came as a result of Martillo's intercession while the C.C.S. approved the findings of both bodies on 18 February 1992. John Paul II approved this miracle on 7 March 1992 and beatified her in Saint Peter's Square on 25 October 1992.
The second and final miracle needed for full sainthood was investigated in the diocese of its origin before it received C.C.S. validation on 4 October 2002 upon all documents being submitted to them in Rome. The medical experts approved this miracle on 18 January 2006 as did the theologians on 4 April 2006 and the C.C.S. on 19 December 2006. Pope Benedict XVI approved this miracle on 1 June 2007 and formalized the date at a gathering of cardinals on 1 March 2008; Benedict XVI canonized Martillo on 12 October 2008.
Miracles
The miracle that led to her beatification was the healing of Juan Pesántez Peñaranda who was single and working in banana plantations in Pasaje in El Oro. He was working when a banana stalk struck him in the head and caused several tumors to appear which repeated surgeries in 1967 could not cure. He was just over 20 at the time and didn't believe in miracles. He was at the Luis Vernanza Hospital when he met a policeman who suggested he write "Narcisita" on a piece of paper. He was skeptical that this would bring results but did this and had a dream of her that night which also caused him to be cured of his tumors.
The miracle that led to her sainthood was the healing of Edelmina Arellano who was cured from a congenital defect in 1992. Edelmina was born without genital organs and at the age of seven was cured after her mother took her to the shrine dedicated to the then-Blessed and appealed for her intercession. It was mere hours later that the child had an appointment with her doctor who testified that the girl was normal like all other children with no defects apparent whatsoever.
St. Jeanne Jugan
புனிதர் ஜீன் ஜூகன்
மறைப்பணியாளர், சபை நிறுவனர்:
பிறப்பு: அக்டோபர் 25, 1792
கன்கேல், இல்-எட்-விலைன், ஃபிரான்ஸ்
இறப்பு: ஆகஸ்ட் 29, 1879 (வயது 86)
செயின்ட்-பேர்ன், இல்-எட்-விலைன், ஃபிரான்ஸ்
ஏற்கும் சமயம்:
ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை
முக்திப்பேறு பட்டம்: அக்டோபர் 3, 1982
திருத்தந்தை இரண்டாம் ஜான் பவுல்
புனிதர் பட்டம்: அக்டோபர் 11, 2009
திருத்தந்தை பதினாறாம் பெனடிக்ட்
முக்கிய திருத்தலம்:
ல டூர் புனிதர் ஜோசஃப், புனித பெர்ன், இல்-எட்-விலைன், ஃபிரான்ஸ்
நினைவுத் திருநாள்: ஆகஸ்ட் : 30
பாதுகாவல்: ஆதரவற்ற முதியோர்
“சகோதரி சிலுவையின் மேரி” (Sister Mary of the Cross) என்ற பெயரிலும் அறியப்படும் புனிதர் ஜீன் ஜூகன், தமது வாழ்நாள் முழுவதையும் ஆதரவற்ற முதியோருக்கு சேவை செய்வதில் அர்ப்பணிப்புடன் செலவிட்ட ஒரு ஃபிரெஞ்ச் பெண்மணியாவார். அவரது அளப்பற்ற சேவையின் விளைவாக “எளியோரின் சின்னஞ்சிறு சகோதரிகள்” (Little Sisters of the Poor) எனும் அநாதரவான முதியோருக்கு சேவையாற்றும் நோக்கில், ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க ஆன்மீக சேவை நிறுவனம் நிறுவப்பட்டது. இந்நிறுவனம், ஃபிரெஞ்ச் நகரங்களின் தெருக்களில் அநாதரவாக விடப்பட்ட முதியோர்களுக்கு சேவை செய்யும் நோக்கத்திற்காகவே நிறுவப்பட்டது.
இவர், 1792ம் ஆண்டு, அக்டோபர் மாதம் 25ம் தேதி, ஃபிரான்ஸ் நாட்டின் வடமேற்கு பிராந்தியமான “பிரிட்டனி” (Brittany) எனும் இடத்திலுள்ள “கன்கேல்” (Cancale) எனும் துறைமுக நகரில் பிறந்தார். “ஜோசஃப்” மற்றும் “மேரி ஜுகன்” (Joseph and Marie Jugan) தம்பதியரின் எட்டு குழந்தைகளில் ஆறாவது குழந்தையாக பிறந்தவர் ஆவார். அரசியல் மற்றும் மத எழுச்சிகளின் ஃபிரெஞ்ச் புரட்சி நடந்த காலத்தில் இவர் வளர்ந்தார். ஜீனுக்கு நான்கு வயதானபோது, மீனவரான இவரது தந்தை கடலில் காணாமல் போனார். கத்தோலிக்க எதிர்ப்புத் துன்புறுத்தல்கள் பரவலாக இருந்த அக்காலத்தில், பிள்ளைகளுக்கு உணவளிக்கவும், இரகசியமாக சமய கல்வி அளிப்பதற்காகவும் ஜீனின் தாயார் போராடினார்.
சிறு வயதிலேயே கால்நடை மேய்க்கும் பணிகளை செய்த ஜீன் ஜுகன், ஆடைகள் நெய்யும் மற்றும் கம்பளி பின்னும் பணிகளைக் கற்றுக்கொண்டார். எழுதவும் படிக்கவும் மட்டுமே அவரால் இயன்றது. தமது 16 வயதில், (Viscountess de la Choue) எனும் பிரபுக்கள் குடும்பத்தில் சமையலறைப் பணிப்பெண்ணாக சேர்ந்தார். அந்த பிரபுக்கள் குடும்ப தலைவி, ஒரு பக்தியுள்ள கத்தோலிக்க பெண்மணியாதலால், ஏழைகளுக்கும் நோயுற்றோர்க்கும் உதவ போகும்போதெல்லாம் ஜுகனையும் உடன் அழைத்துச் செல்வார். 18 வயதிலும், மீண்டும் ஆறு வருடங்களின் பின்னரும், தமக்காக திருமணத்துக்கு ஏற்பாடு செய்த தமது தாயாரிடம் மறுத்துப் பேசினார். தமக்கான இறைவனின் திட்டம் வேறு எதோ ஒன்று உள்ளது என்றும், அது என்னவென்று இன்னும் அறிவிக்கப்படவில்லை என்றும் கூறினார்.
ஜுகனுக்கு இருபத்தைந்து வயதாகையில், “புனிதர் ஜான் யூட்ஸ்” (St. John Eudes) அவர்கள் தொடங்கிய “இயேசு மற்றும் மரியாள்” (Congregation of Jesus and Mary) சபையில் உதவியாளராக இணைந்தார். நகரத்திலுள்ள “புனித-செர்வன்” (Saint-Servan) மருத்துவமனையில் செவிலியராகவும் பணி புரிந்தார். ஓய்வின்றி கடுமையாக உழைத்த ஜுகன், ஆறு வருடங்களின் பின்னர், தமது சொந்த உடல் நலமின்மை காரணமாக மருத்துவமனையை விட்டு சென்றார். அதன்பின்னர், “யூடிஸ்ட் மூன்றாம் நிலை” (Eudist Third Order) சபையில் ஒரு பெண்ணின் உதவியாளராக பன்னிரண்டு வருடங்கள் பணியாற்றினார். இக்காலத்தில், ஜுகனும் அந்த பெண்ணுமாய், நகரிலுள்ள சிறுவர்களுக்கு மறைக்கல்வி போதிக்க தொடங்கியிருந்தனர். அத்துடன் ஏழைகள் மற்றும் நோயுற்றோர்க்கும் சேவை புரிய தொடங்கியிருந்தனர்.
கி.பி. 1837ம் ஆண்டு ஜுகனும், 72 வயது நிரம்பிய “ஃபிரான்கோய்ஸ்” (Françoise Aubert) என்ற பெண்மணியும் இணைந்து, ஒரு குடிலின் பாகத்தை வாடகைக்கு எடுத்தனர். பின்னர், “வெர்ஜினி” (Virginie Tredaniel) என்ற பதினேழு வயது அனாதைப் பெண்ணும் இவர்களுடன் இணைந்தார். இந்த மூன்று பெண்களும் இணைந்து, மறைக்கல்வி கற்பிப்பதற்காகவும், ஏழைகளுக்கு உதவவும், ஒரு செப சமூகத்தை உருவாக்கினார்கள்.
கி.பி. 1839ம் ஆண்டின் குளிர்காலத்தில், “அன்னி” (Anne Chauvin) எனும் வயதான பார்வையற்ற பெண்ணை சந்தித்து தமது இல்லத்துக்கு அழைத்துவந்து, அவருக்கு வேண்டிய சேவைகளை செய்தார். விரைவிலேயே இன்னும் இரண்டு வயோதிக பெண்மணிகள் வந்து சேர்ந்தனர். ஒரு டஜன் என்றான வயோதிகர்களின் எண்ணிக்கை, 40 என்றானது. பயன்பாட்டிலில்லாத பள்ளிக்கூடமொன்றையும் வாடகைக்கு எடுத்தார். இந்நிலையில், “எளியோரின் சின்னஞ்சிறு சகோதரிகள்” (Little Sisters of the Poor) எனும் பெண்களுக்கான ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க ஆன்மீக சேவை நிறுவனம் நிறுவி, ஆதரவற்ற முதியோர்களுக்கு சேவை புரிய தொடங்கினார். அவரும் அவரது உதவியாளர் பெண்களும் தினமும் நகரின் வீடு வீடாக சென்று உணவுப்பொருட்கள் மற்றும் ஆடைகள் போன்ற முதியோருக்கு அவசியமானவற்றை தானமாக பெற்று வந்தனர். இவரது சேவையில் இன்னும் அதிக இளம்பெண்கள் இணைந்தனர். தெருத்தெருவாக, வீடு வீடாக தானம் வாங்கியே, மேலதிகமாக நான்கு இல்லங்களை ஜீன் வாங்கினார். கி.பி. 1850ம் ஆண்டு, நூற்றுக்கும் மேற்பட்ட பெண்கள் சபையில் இணைந்தனர்.
உள்ளூர் ஆயரால் இச்சபையின் “உயர் தலைமைப்” (Superior General) பொறுப்பிற்கு நியமிக்கப்பட்ட மடாதிபதியும் அருட்பணியாளருமான “அகஸ்ட் லீ பைல்லூர்” (Auguste Le Pailleur) என்பவர், ஜீன் ஜுகணை சபையின் தலைமைப் பொறுப்பிலிருந்து அகற்றினார். அந்த குருவானவர், ஜீனின் உண்மையான குணநலன்களை நசுக்குவதற்கான வெளிப்படையான முயற்சிகளில் இறங்கினார். சபையின் நிறுவனரான அவருக்கு, தெருத்தெருவாக, வீடு வீடாக சென்று பிச்சை எடுக்கும் பணியே அளிக்கப்பட்டது. இதுவே ஜுகனின் வாழ்க்கையாகிப் போனது. அடுத்த 27 வருடங்கள், இதேபோன்று, முதியோருக்காக, தெருத்தெருவாக அலைந்தார். அவரது இறுதி வருடங்களில், அவரது உடல் நலம் குன்றி, கண்பார்வையும் மங்கிப்போனது.
கி.பி. 1879ம் ஆண்டு, ஆகஸ்ட் மாதம், 29ம் தேதி, ஜீன் ஜுகன் மரித்தபோது, அவர்தாம் இச்சபையின் நிறுவனர் என்ற பெரும்பாலோருக்கு தெரியாமலேயே போனது. அவர் மரித்து பதினோரு வருடங்களின் பின்னர், 1890ம் ஆண்டு, நடந்த விசாரணையின் பின்னர், குரு “அகஸ்ட் லீ பைல்லூர்” (Auguste Le Pailleur) பணி நீக்கம் செய்யப்பட்டார். இறுதியில், ஜீன் ஜுகன் அவர்களது நிறுவனராக ஒப்புக்கொள்ளப்பட்டார்.
இவர்களது சபையின் தலைமை இல்லம், ஃபிரான்ஸ் நாட்டின் “செயின்ட்-பேர்ன்” (Saint-Pern) எனும் இடத்திலுள்ளது. “எளியோரின் சின்னஞ்சிறு சகோதரிகள்” (Little Sisters of the Poor) எனும் இவர்களது சபை, உலக அளவில், 31 நாடுகளில் இன்று பரவியுள்ளன. 2014ம் ஆண்டு, ஜனவரி மாதம், 1ம் தேதி நிலவரப்படி, 234 இல்லங்களுடனும், 2,372 உறுப்பினர்களுடனும், இச்சபை கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபையின் மிகப்பெரும் சபைகளில் ஒன்றாக கருதப்படுகின்றது.
Feastday: August 30
Patron: of the destitute elderly
Birth: October 25, 1792
Death: August 29, 1879
Beatified: Pope John Paul II on October 3, 1982
Canonized: Pope Benedict XVI on October 11, 2009
St. Jeanne Jugan, also known as Sister Mary of the Cross, L.S.P. was born on October 25, 1792 in the French region of Brittany during the French Revolution.
Jeanne grew up as the sixth of eight children to Joseph and Marie Jugan surrounded by a lot of religious and political upheavals. Her father became lost at sea when Jeanne was just four-years-old, and her mother struggled to provide for all the Jugan children.
Her mother worked diligently to make sure her children had everything they needed, including secret religious instruction when anti-Catholic persecutions were taking place.
From a young age, Jeanne learned to knit and spin wool and became a shepherdess. Barely able to read or write, Jeanne took a job as a kitchen maid for a noble family when she was 16.
Jeanne accompanied the Viscountess de la Choue when she visited the poor and the sick. As she matured, Jeanne began finding her passion in working with these people and turned down multiple marriage proposals. She told her mother God had other plans for her.
At 25, Jeanne became an Associate of the Congregation of Jesus and Mary, which was founded by St. John Eudes. She spent her time praying and working as a nurse in the town hospital. She stayed at the hospital for many years until her own health issues prevented her from performing her physically demanding tasks.
After leaving her job at the hospital, Jeanne became the servant of a member of the Eudist Third Order for 12 years. While working as a servant, Jeanne and her master found the same Catholic faith in each other and set out to begin teaching catechism to the town's children and caring for the poor.
In 1837, Jeanna and Francoise Aubert rented part of a small cottage and were joined by a 17-year-old orphan, Virgine Tredaniel. Together, they formed a small community of prayer devoted to helping the poor and teaching the catechism.
Two years later, Jeanne was approached by an elderly, blind and partially paralyzed woman named Anne Chauvin. With no one there for the woman, Jeanne carried her to her apartment and took it upon herself to begin caring for her. She let Anne have her bed and Jeanne slept in the attic.
A short time later, Jeanne took in two more old women in need of help and by 1841, she rented another space to house a dozen of elderly people. The next year, she attained an open convent and housed 40 more people.
With approval from her peers, Jeanne began focusing her attention on her new mission - assisting abandoned elderly women. This marked the beginning of the religious congregation known now as The Little Sisters of the Poor.
Jeanne constructed a simple Rule of Life for her new community of women. Each day they went around town requesting food, clothing and money for those in their care. Jeanne's carried on with her new life's work for the next four decades of her life.
More young women started to hear about Jeanne's mission and joined her. Through begging on the streets, Jeanne was able to open four more homes for her needy within those 10 years. By 1850, over 100 women had joined the congregation.
Jeanne was soon forced out of the leadership role, though. The local bishop appointed Abbe Auguste Le Pailleur as Superior General of the congregation. Jeanne was assigned to strictly begging on the streets until she was sent to retire in a life of obscurity for her final 27 years of life.
After The Little Sisters of the Poor communities began expanding throughout France, their work spread to England in 1851 and the United States founded five of their own communities from 1866 to 1871.
By 1879, Jeanne's community had over 2,400 Little Sisters. On March 1, 1879, Pope Leo XIII approved the Constitution for the congregation for seven years.
At the time of Jeanne's death, on August 29, 1879, most of the Little Sisters had no idea Jeanne was the real founder of the congregation. However, Le Pailleur was investigated and dismissed in 1890 and Jeanne became acknowledged once again as the foundress.
St. Jeanne Jugan passed away at the age of 86. She was beatified by Pope John Paul II on October 3, 1982 and canonized by Pope Benedict XVI on October 11, 2009.
During her canonization Pope Benedict XVI expressed, "In the Beatitudes, Jeanne Jugan found the source of the spirit of hospitality and fraternal love, founded on unlimited trust in Providence, which illuminated her whole life."
She is the patron saint of the destitute elderly and her feast day is celebrated on August 30.
Blessed John Roche
புனித ஜான் ரோச், மறைசாட்சி
பிறப்பு : அயர்லாந்து
இறப்பு : 1588, இங்கிலாந்து
முத்திபேறுபட்டம்: 1929, திருத்தந்தை பதினோறாம் பத்திநாதர்
பாதுகாவல்: கப்பல், படகு ஓட்டுநர்கள்
புனித மர்கரீத் வார்டு(Margaret Ward) மற்றும் அருள்தந்தை ரிச்சர்டு வாட்சன்(Richard Watson) ஆகிய இருவரும் மிகஸ் சிறப்பாக மறைப்பணியை செய்தனர். இதனால் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபையை பிடிக்காத புரட்டஸ்டாண்டு இங்கிலாந்து அரசி இருவரையும் பிடித்துச் சென்று சிறையலடைத்தார். இவர்கள் இருவரையும் யாருக்கும் தெரியாமல் ஒரு படகு மூலம் அவர்களை சிறையிலிருந்து தப்பிக்கச் செய்தார் புனித ஜான் ரோச். இதனை தெரிந்துகொண்ட அரசி அவரை சிறையில் அடைத்தார். இரண்டு நிபந்தனை விதிக்கப்பட்டது. ஒன்று, அரசியிடம் சென்று மன்னிப்பு கேட்கவேண்டும் அல்லது புரட்டஸ்டாண்டு சபைக்கு மாறவேண்டும். இவ்விரு நிபந்தனைகளையும் மறுத்தார். இதனால் கோபங்கொண்ட அரசி அவரை தூக்கிட்டு கொன்றார்.
Also known as
John Neele
John Neale
Memorial
30 August
Profile
Waterman, and servant of Saint Margaret Ward. He helped Father Richard Watson, a condemned priest, escape by meeting him outside the prison with a boat, then changing clothes with him to lead pursuers off his trail. Condemned to death for aiding a priest, he was offered freedom if he asked the Queen‘s pardon and promised to go to church; he answered that he had done nothing to offend her Majesty, and it was against his conscience to attend a Protestant church. One of the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales
Saint Fiacre
Also known as
Fefvre, Fevre, Fiachrach, Fiacrius, Fiaker, Fiachra
Profile
Brother of Saint Syra of Troyes. Raised in an Irish monastery, which in the 7th century were great repositories of learning, including the use of healing herbs, a skill studied by Fiacre. His knowledge and holiness caused followers to flock to him, which destroyed the holy isolation he sought.
Fleeing to France, he established a hermitage in a cave near a spring, and was given land for his hermitage by Saint Faro of Meaux, who was bishop at the time. Fiacre asked for land for a garden for food and healing herbs. The bishop said Fiacre could have as much land as he could entrench in one day. The next morning Fiacre walked around the perimeter of the land he wanted, dragged his spade behind him. Wherever the spade touched, trees were toppled, bushes uprooted, and the soil was entrenched. A local woman heard of this, and claimed sorcery was involved, but the bishop decided it was a miracle. This garden, miraculously obtained, became a place of pilgrimage for centuries for those seeking healing.
Fiacre had the gift of healing by laying on his hands; blindness, polypus, and fevers are mentioned by the old records as being cured by his touch; he was especially effective against a type of tumour or fistula later known as "le fic de S. Fiacre".
Fiacre's connection to cab drivers is because the Hotel de Saint Fiacre in Paris, France rented carriages. People who had no idea who Fiacre was referred to the cabs as Fiacre cabs, and eventually just as fiacres. Those who drove them assumed Fiacre as their patron.
Died
• 18 August 670 of natural causes
• his relics have been distributed to several churches and cathedrals across Europe
Blessed Alfredo Ildefonso Schuster
Also known as
Alfredo Ludovico Luigi Schuster
Profile
Educated at Saint-Paul-Outside-the-Walls abbey, Rome, Italy from age 11. Entered the Cassinese Benedictine monastic noviate in 1896, taking the name Ildefonso. Made his formal monastic confession on 13 November 1900. Ordained on 19 March 1904 in Rome.
Novice master of his house from 1908 to 1916. Prior of the abbey from 1916 to 1918. Procurator general of the Congregation of Monte Cassino from 1914 to 1929. Abbot-ordinary of abbey nullius of Saint-Paul-Outside-the-Walls on 6 April 1918. President of the Pontifical Oriental Institute from 7 October 1919 to 4 July 1922, and teacher at several colleges and institutes. Consultor to the Sacred Congregation of Rites in the sections for the Liturgy and for the Causes of Saints. Censor of the Academy of Sacred Liturgy. President of the Commission for Sacred Art Apostolic Visitor to seminaries of Lombardy and Calabria. Appointed Archbishop of Milan on 26 June 1929 by Pope Pius XI. Created cardinal on 15 July 1929. Papal legate to several events and congresses in Europe. Participated in the conclave of 1939. Founded the Institute of Amrosian Chant and Sacred Music and the Ambrosianeum and Didascaleion cultural centres, and wrote for the daily publication L'Italia.
There was some controversy during the investigation of his Cause as some claimed he was sympathetic to Fascism. Evidence, however, shows that he denounced Fascism's meddling with the youth organization Catholic Action, refused to participate in ceremonies involving Mussolini, and condemned racist legislation. The cardinal was primarily concerned with the spiritual well-being of his flock, the physical needs of the poor, assistance to newly married couples in order to create strong marriages, and with the administration of the Archdiocese.
Born
18 January 1880 at Rome, Italy as Alfredo Ludovico Luigi Schuster
Died
30 August 1954 at Venegono, Italy of natural causes
buried in Metropolitan Cathedral, Milan, Italy
Beatified
12 May 1996 by Pope John Paul II
Blessed Eustáquio van Lieshout
Also known as
• Eustachius van Lieshout
• Hubertus van Lieshout
• Humberto van Lieshout
Profile
Eighth of eleven children in a deeply Catholic farm family. Baptized on the day he was born. A popular, cheerful child, he early felt a call to the priesthood. Neither his family nor his teachers thought he could handle the academic part of the vocation, but he studied in Gemert, and did well enough. After reading a biography of Father Damien de Veuster, Humberto decided to join the Congregation of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary. He entered the novitiate in Tremeloo, Belgium on 23 December 1913, and was given the name Eustáquio; he made his permanent vows in 1918, and was ordained on 10 August 1919.
Assistant novice master in the Netherlands for five years. Notable minister to his charges and his parishioners. Feeling a call to be a missionary, he was sent to Spain in December 1924 to learn spanish; in 1925 he was sent to Portuguese speaking Brazil. Worked ten years in Agua Suja, six in Poá, and two in Belo Horizonte. Noted for his ministry to the poor and the sick. Had the gift of healing through the intercession of Saint Joseph. His reputation for holiness and miracles spread; so many people trekked to the towns to see him that the civil government complained. In 1942 his superiors transferred him to prevent him becoming the focus of the faithful instead of the faith itself, but thousands continued to seek him out.
Born
3 November 1890 at Aarle-Rixtel, North Brabant, Netherlands as Humberto van Lieshout
Died
• 30 August 1943 at Belo Horizonte, Brazil of typhoid fever
• buried at the church of Santo Domingo, Belo Horizonte
• re-interred at the church of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary, Belo Horizonte in 1949
Beatified
• 15 June 2006 by Pope Benedict XVI
• the recognition liturgy was celebrated in Belo Horizonte, Brazil by Monsignor Walmor de Oliveira de Azevedo, Metropolitan Archbishop of Belo Horizonte
Blessed Vicente Cabanes Badenas
Profile
Eldest of four brothers. Studied at the University of Valencia and the Institute for Criminal Studies. Joined the Capuchin Tertiary Fathers and Brothers of Our Lady of Sorrows on 12 March 1923. Ordained a priest in 1932 in the archdiocese of Madrid, Spain. Superior of the Prince of Asturias reform school in Madrid in September 1933; head of the psycho-pedagogic council of the reformatory in Amurrio, Spain in October 1934; in each place he used both psychology and spiritual direction to turn around the lives of young people.
Arrested by militiamen on 27 August 1936, about six weeks into the Spanish Civil War, for the crime of being a priest, His captors tried to force him to renounce his faith, but Father Vicente refused. They then propped him up beside a barn in the meadow of San Bartolome de Orduña, shot him several times with rifles, and left him for dead. Badly wounded, Father Vicente managed to reach a friend’s house, and was taken to hospital, but died three days later having made his final confession and forgiven his murderers. Martyr.
Born
25 February 1908 in Torrent, Valencia, Spain
Died
• 30 August 1936 in hospital in Bilbao, Vizcaya, Spain from gunshot wounds received on 27 August
• interred in the chapel of martyrs in the monastery of Mount Zion in Torrente, Valencia, Spain
Beatified
11 March 2001 by Pope John Paul II
Blessed Ángel Alonso Escribano
Profile
Studied at the seminary in Salamanca, Spain, and at the Universidad Pontificia de Commillas. Earned a doctorate in theology, and a degree in canon law. Ordained priest on 11 September 1921. Parish priest. As a member of the Diocesan Laborer Priests of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Father Ángel missions and retreats, concentrating on supporting vocations to the priesthood. He served at the seminaries in Burgos from 1926 to 1930, in Valladolid from 1930 to 1933, and then taught at the Belchite seminary in 1934. Prefect and professor of logic at the seminary in Almería, Spain in 1934; he considered his most important task to be spiritual director of the seminarians. Captured by anti–Catholic forces on 10 July 1936, he was imprisoned for several weeks, and then executed in the Spanish Civil War. Martyr.
Born
18 January 1897 in Valdunciel, Salamanca Spain
Died
shot on 30 August 1936 in Barranco del Chisme, Almería, Spain
Beatified
• 25 March 2017 by Pope Francis
• beatification celebrated in the Palacio de Exposiciones y Congresos de Aguadulce, Almería, Spain, presided by Cardinal Angelo Amato
Blessed María Rafols-Bruna
Profile
Born to a working class family. After completing her education at a boarding school in Barcelona, Spain, she joined a group of twelve young women under the direction of Father Juan Bonal, who administered Our Lady of Grace Hospital in Zaragoza, Spain. The small community was dedicated to serving the most helpless: the sick, the mentally ill, abandoned children, and the disabled, and became the Sisters of Charity of Saint Anne.
At age of 23 Maria was appointed superior of the group, a position that often put her in conflict with hospital employees. During the Napoleonic wars, she worked in the bombed ruins to save the sick and children. She even ventured into the enemy camp to plead with the French general for help with the sick and wounded. She worked tirelessly for the approval of her small community, and in 1825 they took their first public vows. Victim of slander, she was imprisoned during the Carlist War, but later released.
Born
5 November 1781 at Vilafranca del Penedès, Barcelona, Spain
Died
30 August 1853 in Zaragoza, Spain of natural causes
Beatified
16 October 1994 by Pope John Paul II
Blessed Giovanni Giovenale Ancina
Also known as
• Giovenale Ancina
• Juvenal Ancina
Profile
Born to a wealthy and politically connected family. Educated in medicine and philosophy. Noted scholar, musician, composer, music editor, and orator. Professor of medicine at the University of Turin, Italy. Private physician to the ambassador from Savoy to Rome in 1575. There he met Saint Philip Neri and decided to follow his call to the priesthood. Worked with Saint Philip at the Congregation of the Oratory in Naples, Italy. Introduced the use of the written catechism to Saluzzo, Italy, and brought a re-birth of faith and good works in that city. Bishop of Saluzzo in 1596. Reportedly poisoned by a monk that he had chastized.
Born
19 October 1545 at Fossano, Piedmont, Italy
Died
murdered on 30 August 1604 in the cathedral at Saluzzo, Italy
Beatified
9 February 1890 by Pope Leo XIII
Blessed Diego Ventaja Milán
Also known as
Didaco
Additional Memorial
16 November as one of the Martyrs of Almeria
Profile
Son of Juan Ventaja and Palmira Milán. Educated at Sacro Monte Granada, and both the Collegio San Giuseppe and Pontifical Gregorian University in Rome, Italy. Priest, ordained in Rome in 1902. Chaplain, then church canon and then professor of moral theology at Sacro Monte Granada; member of the Academic Council at the Central Seminary of Granada. Bishop of Almería, Spain on 1 May 1935. Arrested by the anti-Catholic Popular Front forces in the Spanish Civil War, and executed for the crime of teaching Christianity. One of the Martyrs of Almeria killed during the Spanish Civil War.
Born
22 June 1880 in Ohanes, Almería, Spain
Died
shot on 30 August 1936 just outside Barranco de El Chisme, Almería, Spain
Beatification
10 October 1993 by Pope John Paul II
Blessed Manuel Medina Olmos
Also known as
Emmanuel
Additional Memorial
16 November as one of the Martyrs of Almeria
Profile
Son of Juan Medina Garzón and Pilar Olmos Núñez. A prodigy, he graduated at age 13, earned a doctorate in theology at 17, and before age 22 he had doctorates in canon law, philosophy and literature. Priest, ordained on 19 December 1891. Parish priest and prefect of seminarians in Guadix, Spain. Auxiliary bishop of and rector of Sacro Monte at Granada, Spain and titular bishop of Amorium on 14 December 1925. Bishop of Guadix on 2 October 1928. Published several book. Arrested by the anti-Catholic Popular Front forces in the Spanish Civil War, and executed for the crime of teaching Christianity. One of the Martyrs of Almeria killed during the Spanish Civil War.
Born
9 August 1869 in Lanteira, Granada, Spain
Died
shot on 30 August 1936 just outside Barranco de El Chisme, Almería, Spain
Beatification
10 October 1993 by Pope John Paul II
Blessed José Ferrer Adell
Also known as
Father Joaquin of Albocácer
Profile
Franciscan Capuchin friar, making his profession on 3 January 1897. Ordained a priest on 19 December 1903. Missionary to Colombia where he served as superior of several convents. Rector of the Seraphic Seminary of Massamagrell, Spain where he encouraged Eucharastic Adoration and Marian devotion. When the persecutions of the Spanish Civil War began, Father Joaquin made sure that the seminarians were safe, and then went into hiding in Rafelbuñol, Valencia. Arrested and murdered on 30 August 1936 for the crime of being a priest. Martyr.
Born
23 April 1879 in Albocácer, Diocese of Tortosa, Castellón, Spain
Died
30 August 1936 on the road outside Villafamés, Castellón, Spain
Beatified
11 March 2001 by Pope John Paul II
Saint Margaret Ward
Additional Memorial
25 October as one of the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales
Profile
Nothing is known of her early life. She first appears in the records working as a lady's companion to the Whittle family in London. She and her servant, Blessed John Roche were arrested for helping Father Richard Watson escape from Bridewell Prison by smuggling him a rope and then helping him once he was outside. Imprisoned, flogged, and tortured, she was offered freedom if she would surrender Father Watson and convert to the Church of England; she declined. One of the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales
Born
at Congleton, Cheshire, England
Died
hanged, drawn, and quartered on 30 August 1588 at Tyburn, London, England
Canonized
25 October 1970 by Pope Paul VI
Saint Pammachius
Profile
Pious and learned Roman senator and proconsul; member of the noble Fuii family. Studied rhetoric with Saint Jerome. Married to Paulina, one of the daughters of Saint Paula, in 385. Widower in 397, Paulina dying in childbirth. Following Paulina's death, Pammachius devoted his wealth and the rest of his life to study and charity. Cared for sick pilgrims to Rome, Italy working with Saint Fabiola to build a hospital for them, the first in the West, at Porto Romano. Built a church on the property next to his home, and on the site of his home now sits the church of Saint John and Paul in Rome. Friend of Saint Paulinus of Nola. Corresponded with Saint Jerome on matters of faith, and tried unsuccessfully to get Jerome to tone down the language he used when referring to opponents.
Born
340
Died
410 at Rome, Italy of natural causes
Blessed Riccardo of Lotaringia
Also known as
• Riccardo of Lotharingia
• Ricardo of...
Profile
Spiritual student of Radolfo in Laon, France. He was so moved by a sermon of Saint Norbert of Xanten that he followed Norbert back to his monastery and joined the new Premonstratensians. Noted for his austere, ascetic life. Assigned by Blessed Hugh of Fosse to be prior of the new abbey of Ste-Marie-aux-Boix at Pont-à-Mousson, France. Had the gift of prophecy, and skill as an exorcist.
Born
Lorraine (in modern France)
Died
30 August 1155
Blessed Richard Flower
Also known as
• Richard Floyd
• Richard Flud
• Richard Graye
• Richard Lloyd
Addtional Memorial
22 November as one of the Martyrs of England, Scotland, and Wales
Profile
Born to the Welsh nobility. Layman in the apostolic vicariate of England. Imprisoned and executed in the persecutions of Queen Elizabeth I for the crime of helping priests; he had given some wine to Father William Horner.
Born
c.1566 in Anglesey, Wales
Died
hanged on 30 August 1588 in Tyburn, London, England
Beatified
22 November 1987 by Pope John Paul II
Blessed Richard Leigh
Also known as
• Richard Garth
• Richard Earth
Profile
Educated at Rheims and Rome. Ordained at Rome in February 1586. Returned to England as a home missioner in 1586. Arrested in London in 1586 for his faith, and exiled. Undaunted, he returned, and was arrested in 1588 and imprisoned in the Tower of London in June. Convicted down the Old Bailey for the crime of priesthood. Martyr.
Born
c.1561 at Cambridgeshire, England
Died
hanged, drawn and quartered on 30 August 1588 at Tyburn, London, England
Beatified
15 December 1929 by Pope Pius XI
Saint Theodosius of Oria
Also known as
Teodosio de Oria
Profile
Educated in Oria, Brindisi, Italy by Eastern hermits and monks. Young imperial courtier in Constantinople, Bishop of Oria in the latter 9th century. Held a synod of bishops in Oria in 881. Served as peace-maker between the Byzantines and the Lombards, and had both Latin and Greek churches in his diocese. Served as diplomat to Constantinople for Pope Stephen V. His diplomatic work led to the donation of the relics of Saint Cistanto and Daria from the Pope, and of Saint Barsanuphius from Palestine.
Saint Fantinus of San Mercurius
Also known as
• Fantinus of Calabria
• Fantinus the Younger
• Fantino....
Profile
Monk in Calabria, Italy. Manuscript copyist. Known for his severely ascetic life style, and for receiving visions of heaven and hell. Abbot of San Mercurius Abbey, a monastery that was destroyed by invading Saracens when Fantinus was an old man.
Died
c.980
Saint Rumon of Tavistock
Also known as
Ronan, Roman
Additional Memorials
• 5 January (translation of relics)
• 1 June (Brittany)
• 22 July (Ireland)
• 28 August (England)
Profile
Bishop in England. Romansleigh, England is named for him.
Died
• 6th century of natural causes
• relics translated from Ruan Lanihorne monastery to Tavistock, England on 5 January 981
Saint Bononius of Lucedio
Profile
Benedictine monk at the Abbey of San Esteban in , Italy. Hermit near Cairo, Egypt, and then on Mount Sinai; even the Islamic authorities recognized that he was a holy man, and left him alone. Abbot of Lucedio Abbey near Trino, Italy at the request of Bishop Peter of Vercelli, Italy.
Born
Bologna, Italy
Died
30 August 1026 in Bologna, Italy of natural causes
Blessed Yusuf Nehme
Also known as
• Estfan Nehmé
• Joseph Nehme
• Stephen Nehme
Profile
Lebanese Maronite monk.
Born
March 1889 at Lehfed, Jabal Lubnan, Lebanon
Died
30 August 1938 in Kfifane, Batrun, Ash Shamal, Lebanon of natural causes
Beatified
27 June 2010 by Pope Benedict XVI
Blessed Antonio Girón González
Profile
Member of the Redemptorists, making his profession on 15 August 1889. Ordained a priest on 19 May 1894. Martyred in the Spanish Civil War.
Born
11 December 1871 in Campo, León, Spain
Died
30 August 1936 in Madrid, Spain
Venerated
24 April 2021 by Pope Francis (decree of martyrdom)
Blessed Edward Shelley
Profile
Son of Edward Shelley of Warminghurst, Sussex and Joan of Penshurst, Kent. Lifelong layman. Arrested in April 1584 for possessing the banned book My Lord Leicester's Commonwealth, for assisting Blessed William Dean, and for harbouring priests. Martyr.
Born
c.1530 in Warminghurts, Sussex, England
Died
hanged, drawn and quartered in the evening of 30 August 1588 at Tyburn, London, England
Beatified
15 December 1929 by Pope Pius XI
Saint Felix of Rome
Profile
Priest in Rome. Ordered to offer sacrifice to the pagan gods, he refused and prayed instead; the idols shattered. Arrested, tortured, and martyred.
Died
• beheaded c.303 in Rome, Italy
• buried on the Ostian Way outside Rome
• relics in the Cathedral of Vienna, Austria
Saint Adauctus of Rome
Also known as
Adautto
Profile
As Saint Felix of Rome was being dragged to his martyrdom, Adauctus, a bystander, was moved to proclaim his own faith. Martyr.
Died
• beheaded c.303 in Rome, Italy
• buried on the Ostian Way outside Rome
• relics in the Cathedral of Vienna, Austria
Blessed Richard Martin
Profile
Shropshire gentleman. Educated at Broadgates Hall, Oxford, England. Condemned to death for sheltering priests. Martyr.
Born
Shropshire, England
Died
hanged, drawn and quartered on 30 August 1588 at Tyburn, London, England
Beatified
15 December 1929 by Pope Pius XI
Saint Agilus
Also known as
Agilo, Ayeul, Aisle, Ail, Aile
Profile
Frankish nobleman and courtier. Monk at Luxeuil Abbey. Spiritual student of Saint Columbanus. Missionary to Bavaria, Germany. Abbot of Rebais monastery near Paris, France.
Born
c.580 in Gaul (modern France)
Died
c.650 at Rebais, France of natural causes
Blessed Ero di Armenteira
Profile
Benedictine monk. Founded the Armenteira monastery in the Diocese of Compostela, Spain in 1153. Introduced the Cistercian reform to the monastery in 1162.
Died
1167
Saint Gaudentia of Rome
Profile
Young woman in Rome, Italy who made personal vows, dedicating herself to God. Martyred with three companions whose names have not come down to us.
Blessed Raimondo of Santa Grazia
Profile
Mercedarian friar in the convent of San Tommaso in Tortosa, Spain. Theologian. Abbot of his house.
Saint Boniface of Hadrumetum
Profile
Married to Saint Thecla of Hadrumetum. Father of the Twelve Holy Brothers. Martyred in the persecutions of Maximian Herculeaus.
Died
c.250 in Hadrumetum, North Africa (modern Soussa, Tunisia)
Saint Thecla of Hadrumetum
Profile
Married to Saint Boniface of Hadrumetum. Mother of the Twelve Holy Brothers. Martyred in the persecutions of Maximian Herculeaus.
Died
c.250 in Hadrumetum, North Africa (modern Soussa, Tunisia)
Saint Peter of Trevi
Profile
Evangelist who preached to peasants in the Tivoli, Anagni and Subiaco areas of Italy.
Born
Carsoli, Italy
Died
1050 in Trevi, Italy
Saint Arsenius the Hermit
Profile
Hermit near Burgos, Old Castile, Spain. Martyred by Saracens.
Died
c.950
Saint Pelagius the Hermit
Profile
Hermit near Burgos, Old Castile, Spain. Martyred by Saracens.
Died
c.950
Saint Sylvanus the Hermit
Profile
Hermit near Burgos, Old Castile, Spain. Martyred by Saracens.
Died
c.950
Saint Loarn
Also known as
Loaran
Saint Loarn is also known as Loaran. He was a 5th-century Irish saint and disciple of Saint Patrick. He was born in western Ireland, and his father was Ernasc. Loarn was a young man of good and pious dispositions, and he received the gift of Divine Knowledge from Patrick. He became a priest and a bishop, and he is said to have founded the church of Achadh-Mor in County Down. His feast day is celebrated on August 30 or September 11.
There is some confusion about whether Loarn was a man or a woman. Some sources say that he was a man, while others say that he was a woman. The name Loarn is traditionally a masculine name, but it can also be a feminine name. Ultimately, the gender of Saint Loarn is unknown.
Despite the uncertainties surrounding his identity, Saint Loarn is a revered figure in Irish Christianity. He is remembered as a holy and dedicated man who helped to spread the Christian faith in Ireland.
Profile
Fifth-century spiritual student of Saint Patrick.
Martyrs of Colonia Suffetulana
Profile
A group of 60 Christians martyred for destroying a statue of Hermes.
Died
Colonia Suffetulana, Africa
Martyred in the Spanish Civil War
• Blessed Alberto José Larrazábal Michelena
• Blessed Antonio María Arriaga Anduiza
• Blessed Carles Canyes Santacana
• Blessed Caterina Margenat Roura
• Blessed Diego Ventaja Milán
• Blessed Eleuterio Angulo Ayala
• Blessed Josefa Monrabal Montaner
• Blessed Manuel Medina Olmos
• Blessed Maria Dolores Oller Angelats
• Blessed Nicasio Romo Rubio
