புனிதர்களை பெயர் வரிசையில் தேட

Translate

03 November 2021

இன்றைய புனிதர்கள் நவம்பர் 05

 St. Elizabeth

 நவம்பர் 5


 *புனிதர்கள் சகரியா மற்றும் எலிசபெத்*



 வரலாற்று ரீதியாக, இன்று புனித ஜான் பாப்டிஸ்ட்டின் பெற்றோர்களான புனித சகரியா மற்றும் எலிசபெத்தின் பண்டிகை நாள்.  எலிசபெத் என்ற பெயர், பல புனிதர்களின் பெயர், 'வழிபடுபவர்' என்று பொருள்.  புனித லூக்காவின் நற்செய்தியில் கூறப்பட்டுள்ளபடி, அவர் சக்கரியாஸின் மனைவியும், புனித ஜான் பாப்டிஸ்ட்டின் தாயும் ஆவார்.


 இந்த துறவி பூசாரி ஆரோனின் வழித்தோன்றலும் கூட.  நற்செய்திகளின்படி, துறவி தனது கணவருடன் மலை நகரமான யூதேயாவில் மாசற்ற வாழ்க்கை வாழ்ந்தார்.  ஒரு மகனுக்காக தொடர்ந்து ஜெபத்துடன் வாழ்ந்த இந்த துறவி, தனது வயதான காலத்தில் மீண்டும் ஒரு மகனைப் பெறமாட்டார் என்று பாரபட்சம் காட்டினார்.  ஒரு நாள், சகரியா ஆலயத்தில் ஊழியம் செய்துகொண்டிருந்தபோது, ​​புனித கேப்ரியல் தேவதை பலிபீடத்தின் வலதுபுறத்தில் தோன்றி எலிசபெத் ஒரு மகனைப் பெற்றெடுப்பார் என்பதை வெளிப்படுத்தினார்.


 ஆசீர்வதிக்கப்பட்ட கன்னி மேரியின் வருகை ஆறு மாத கர்ப்பமாக இருந்தபோது நடந்தது.  இந்த விஜயம் பல சிறந்த கலைஞர்களின் ஓவியங்களுக்கு உட்பட்ட ஒரு தொடுகின்ற சந்தர்ப்பமாகும்.  கேப்ரியல் தேவதை மரியாவுக்கான கடவுளின் திட்டத்தை அவளுக்கு வெளிப்படுத்துகிறார்.  அதே நேரத்தில், அவரது உறவினர் எலிசபெத் குழந்தையை சுமந்து செல்வதாக அவருக்கு தகவல் கிடைத்தது.  இதைக் கேட்டு மகிழ்ச்சி அடைந்த மேரி, எலிசபெத்தை பார்வையிடச் சென்றார், அவர் விரைவில் ஒரு குழந்தையின் தாயாக இருப்பார் என்பதையும், மகிழ்ச்சியில் பங்கு பெறுவதையும் தெரிவித்தார்.  நாசரேத்தின் தூசி நிறைந்த தெருக்களில் அவள் யூதேயா வருகிறாள்.


 மேரியின் வருகையைப் பார்த்து மகிழ்ச்சியடைந்த எலிசபெத், "இரட்சகரின் வருகையை முன்னறிவித்த என் இரட்சகரின் தாய்" என்று கூறி அவளை வரவேற்றார்.  எலிசபெத்தின் முகவரி, "நீங்கள் பெண்கள் மத்தியில் பாக்கியவான்கள்".  உங்கள் கருவறையின் கனிய பாக்கியம்.  என் இறைவனின் தாய் என்னிடம் வர இந்த அதிர்ஷ்டம் எனக்கு எங்கே கிடைத்தது?  இதோ, உங்கள் வணக்கம் என் காதுகளில் ஒலித்தபோது, ​​குழந்தை என் வயிற்றில் மகிழ்ச்சிக்காக குதித்தது.  கர்த்தர் சொன்னது நிறைவேறும் என்று நம்புகிறவள் பாக்கியவள்! ”


 எலிசபெத் பெற்றெடுத்தபோது, ​​அவளுடைய நண்பர்களும் அயலவர்களும் அவளுடன் மகிழ்ந்தார்கள் என்று நற்செய்தி சொல்கிறது.  மேலும், குழந்தையை விருத்தசேதனம் செய்ய அழைத்து வந்ததும், குழந்தைக்கு தந்தையின் பெயரை வைக்க வேண்டும் என்று எல்லோரும் முடிவு செய்ததும், எலிசபெத், “அவருடைய பெயர் ஜான் என்று இருக்க வேண்டும்” என்றார்.  புனித சக்கரியாஸ் மற்றும் புனித எலிசபெத் விருந்து ஒரே நாளில் கொண்டாடப்படுகிறது.  செயிண்ட் அபிஜாவின் குடும்பத்தில் பிறந்தார் மற்றும் ஒரு பாதிரியார்.


 அக்கால வழக்கப்படி, தேவாலய சேவைகளைச் செய்ய ஒவ்வொரு வாரமும் ஏராளமான பாதிரியார்களை இழுப்பது வழக்கம்.  அதன்படி, அந்த வாரம் தேவாலய சேவைகளுக்கு சகரியா பொறுப்பேற்றார்.  இவ்வாறு புனித கேப்ரியல் தேவதை பலிபீடத்தின் வலதுபுறத்தில் பலிபீடத்தின் மீது மட்டும் தூபம் புகைந்து பிற சேவைகளில் ஈடுபட்டார்.  தரிசனத்தைப் பார்த்த ஜகாரியாஸ் பயந்து போனார்.


 கேப்ரியல் தேவதை புனிதருக்கு தனது மனைவியின் பிரார்த்தனைகள் நிறைவேறப் போவதாகவும், அவர்களுக்கு விரைவில் ஒரு மகன் பிறப்பான் என்றும், அவனை ஜான் என்று அழைக்க வேண்டும் என்றும் தெரிவித்தார்.  சக்கரியாஸால் அதை நம்ப முடியவில்லை.  அவரும் அவரது மனைவியும் வயதாகி வருவது வருத்தமாக இருந்தது.  சகரியா தனது பயத்தை வென்று புனித கேப்ரியல் தேவதூதரிடம் ஒரு அடையாளத்தைக் கேட்டார்.  அவர் மிகவும் சந்தேகம் கொண்டிருந்ததால், இந்த வாக்குறுதி நிறைவேறும் வரை சகாரியாஸ் ஊமையாக இருப்பார் என்று கூறப்பட்ட பின்னர் தேவதை காணாமல் போனார்.


 சக்கரியாஸ் கோயிலிலிருந்து வெளியே வந்தபோது, ​​அவர் ஊமையாக இருப்பதைக் கண்டார், தனக்கு கடவுள் தரிசனம் இருப்பதாக நம்பினார்.  எலிசபெத் கர்ப்பமாகி, கிறிஸ்துவுக்கு வழி வகுக்க பிறந்த புனித ஜானைப் பெற்றெடுத்தார்.  எட்டு நாட்களுக்குப் பிறகு, குழந்தையின் விருத்தசேதனம் செய்யப்பட்ட நேரத்தில், எலிசபெத் குழந்தைக்கு ஜான் என்று பெயரிடுமாறு கேட்டார்.



 அந்த நேரத்தில் பேச முடியாத சகாரியாஸ் ஒரு டேப்லெட்டைக் கேட்டு, "அவருடைய பெயர் ஜான்" என்று எழுதினார்.  இந்த நேரத்தில் அவரது பேச்சு மீட்டெடுக்கப்பட்டது.  பேசும் திறனைப் பெற்றவுடன், அவர் கடவுளைப் புகழத் தொடங்கினார்.  புதிய ஏற்பாடு சகரியாவைப் பற்றி மேலும் எதுவும் கூறவில்லை.

Feastday: November 5


What we know of St. Elizabeth comes from the Gospel, the book of Luke, in particular. In Luke, Elizabeth, a daughter of the line of Aaron, and the wife of Zechariah, was "righteous before God" and was "blameless" but childless. Elizabeth is also a cousin to the Virgin Mary.





Zechariah, desiring a child, went to pray in the temple and was told by the angel Gabriel, "Do not be afraid, Zechariah; your prayer has been heard. Your wife Elizabeth will bear you a son, and you are to call him John. He will be a joy and delight to you, and many will rejoice because of his birth, for he will be great in the sight of the Lord. He is never to take wine or other fermented drink, and he will be filled with the Holy Spirit even before he is born." (Luke 1:13-15).


Zechariah was skeptical because both himself and his wife were elderly. For his skepticism, Zechariah was rendered mute until the prophecy had been fulfilled.


Elizabeth became pregnant shortly thereafter and she rejoiced.


Gabriel then visited the Virgin Mary at Nazareth, telling her that she would conceive of the Holy Spirit and become the mother of Jesus.


Mary then visited Elizabeth, and her baby leapt in her womb. Filled with the Holy Spirit, Elizabeth proclaimed to Mary, Blessed are you among women, and blessed is the child you will bear! But why am I so favored, that the mother of my Lord should come to me? As soon as the sound of your greeting reached my ears, the baby in my womb leaped for joy. Blessed is she who has believed that the Lord would fulfill his promises to her!" (Luke 1:41-45).


Mary visited with Elizabeth for three months, both women pregnant with child. After Mary returned home, Elizabeth gave birth to a son and named him John. This child was chosen by God to be John the Baptist. John would baptize Christ as an example to all, that all must be reborn of water and spirit.


Although Elizabeth's neighbors assumed the child would be named Zechariah, her husband insisted that John be his name. This astonished the neighbors for there were no men named John in Elizabeth's family, but Zechariah's insistence ended the debate. At the moment, Zechariah insisted that they obey the will of God, and name him John, his speech returned.


After this, there is no more mention in the Bible about Elizabeth.


There are mentions of Elizabeth in the apocryphal works, but these are not within the cannon of the Bible. In the Apocrypha, it mentions that her husband, Zechariah, was murdered in the temple.


St. Elizabeth's feast day is celebrated on November 5.


"Saint Elisabeth" redirects here. For other saints of this name, see Saint Elizabeth.

Elizabeth (also spelled Elisabeth; Hebrew: אֱלִישֶׁבַע / אֱלִישָׁבַע "My God has sworn", Standard Hebrew: Elišévaʿ / Elišávaʿ, Tiberian Hebrew: ʾĔlîšéḇaʿ / ʾĔlîšāḇaʿ; Greek: Ἐλισάβετ Elisabet / Elisavet) was the mother of John the Baptist and the wife of Zechariah, according to the Gospel of Luke. She was past normal child-bearing years when she gave birth to John.



Biblical narrative

According to the Gospel of Luke, Elizabeth was "of the daughters of Aaron". She and her husband Zachariah were "righteous before God, walking in all the commandments and ordinances of the Lord blameless" (1:5–7), but childless. While he was in the temple of the Lord (1:8–12), Zacharias was visited by the angel Gabriel:


But the angel said to him: “Do not be afraid, Zechariah; your wife Elizabeth will bear you a son, and you are to call him John. He will be a joy and delight to you, and many will rejoice because of his birth, for he will be great in the sight of the Lord. He is never to take wine or other fermented drink, and he will be filled with the Holy Spirit even before he is born.


— Luke 1:13–15

Zacharias doubted whereby he could know this since both he and his wife were old. The angel identified himself as Gabriel and told Zacharias that he would be "dumb, and not able to speak" until the words were fulfilled, because he did not believe. When the days of his ministry were complete, he returned to his house (Luke 1:16–23).


After this his wife Elizabeth became pregnant and for five months remained in seclusion. “The Lord has done this for me,” she said. “In these days he has shown his favor and taken away my disgrace among the people.”


— Luke 1:24–25

According to the account, the angel Gabriel was then sent to Nazareth in Galilee to her relative[Luke 1:36] Mary, a virgin, betrothed to a man called Joseph, and informed her that she would conceive by the Holy Spirit and bring forth a son to be called Jesus. She was also informed that her "relative Elizabeth" had begun her sixth month of pregnancy, and Mary traveled to "a town in the hill country of Judah", to visit Elizabeth (Luke 1:26–40).


When Elizabeth heard Mary’s greeting, the baby leaped in her womb, and Elizabeth was filled with the Holy Spirit. In a loud voice she exclaimed: "Blessed are you among women, and blessed is the fruit of thy womb. But why am I so favored, that the mother of my Lord should come to me? As soon as the sound of your greeting reached my ears, the baby in my womb leaped for joy. Blessed is she who has believed that the Lord would fulfill his promises to her!"


— Luke 1:41–45


15th century depiction of the Nativity of St. John the Baptist, with Elizabeth on the left

Matthew Henry comments, "Mary knew that Elizabeth was with child, but it does not appear that Elizabeth had been told any thing of her relative Mary's being designed for the mother of the Messiah; and therefore what knowledge she appears to have had of it must have come by a revelation, which would be a great encouragement to Mary."[1] After Mary heard Elizabeth's blessing, she spoke the words now known as the Magnificat (Luke 1:46–55).


Mary stayed with Elizabeth for about three months and then returned home.

When it was time for Elizabeth to have her baby, she gave birth to a son. Her neighbors and relatives heard that the Lord had shown her great mercy, and they shared her joy.

On the eighth day they came to circumcise the child, and they were going to name him after his father Zechariah, but his mother spoke up and said, “No! He is to be called John.”

They said to her, “There is no one among your relatives who has that name.”

Then they made signs to his father, to find out what he would like to name the child. He asked for a writing tablet, and to everyone’s astonishment he wrote, “His name is John.” Immediately his mouth was opened and his tongue set free, and he began to speak, praising God.


— Luke 1:56–64

That is the last mention of Elizabeth, who is not mentioned in any other chapter in the Bible. The chapter continues with the prophecy of Zacharias (known as the Benedictus,) and ends with the note that John "grew, and became strong in spirit, and was in the deserts" until his ministry to Israel began; so it is unknown how long Elizabeth and her husband lived after that (Luke 1:65–80).


Since the Medieval era, Elizabeth's greeting, "Blessed are you among women, and blessed is the fruit of thy womb," has formed the second part of the Hail Mary prayer.[2]


A traditional "tomb of Elizabeth" is shown in the Franciscan Monastery of Saint John in the Wilderness near Jerusalem.


Apocrypha

Elizabeth is mentioned in several books of the Apocrypha, most prominently in the Protevangelion of James, in which the birth of her son and the subsequent murder of her husband are chronicled.


Sainthood

Elizabeth is revered as a saint in the Roman Catholic Church on November 5, and in the Orthodox and Anglican traditions on September 5, on the same day with her husband Zacharias/Zechariah. She is commemorated as a matriarch in the Calendar of Saints (September 5) of the Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod and Zacharias is commemorated as a prophet.[3]



Mariotto Albertinelli's imagining of Elizabeth (right), here pictured with Mary

Islam

Elizabeth (Arabic: أليصابات‎, romanized: ʾIlīṣābāt or Elīsābāt), the wife of Zakaria, the mother of Yahya, is an honored woman in Islam.[4] Although Zachariah himself is frequently mentioned by name in the Qur'an, Elizabeth, while not mentioned by name, is referenced. She is revered by Muslims as a wise, pious and believing person who, like her relative Mary, was exalted by God to a high station.[4] She lived in the household of Imran, and is said to have been a descendant of the prophet and priest Harun.[5]


Zachariah and his wife were both devout and steadfast in their duties. They were, however, both very old and they had no son. Therefore, Zachariah would frequently pray to God for a son.[6] This was not only out of the desire to have a son but also because the great Jesus Christ wanted someone to carry on the services of the Temple of prayer and to continue the preaching of the Lord's message before his death. God cured Elizabeth's barrenness and granted Zachariah a son, Yahya (John the Baptist), who became a prophet.[7] God thus granted the wishes of the couple because of their faith, trust and love for God. In the Qur'an, God speaks of Zachariah, his wife, and John, and describes the three as being humble servants of the LORD:




So We listened to him: and We granted him John: We cured his wife's (Barrenness) for him. These (three) were ever quick in emulation in good works; they used to call on Us with love and reverence, and humble themselves before Us.


— Qur'an, chapter 21 (Prophets), verse 90[8]

In Shia hadith she is named Hananah, and is identified as a sister of Mary's mother Hannah. Abu Basir recorded that Imam Ja'far al-Sadiq, the great grandson of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad, had stated: "Hannah, the wife of Imran, and Hananah, the wife of Zechariah, were sisters. He goes on to say that Mary was born from Hannah and John was born from Hananah. Mary gave birth to Jesus and he was the son of the daughter of John's aunt. John was the son of the aunt of Mary, and the aunt of one's mother is like one's aunt."




St. Zachary


Feastday: November 5



Zachary was a priest in Jerusalem whose wife, Elizabeth, Mary's cousin, was beyond child-bearing age. He was told by an angel in a vision that they would have a son and should name him John. When he doubted this, he was struck dumb. Elizabeth was visited by Mary, at which time Mary spoke the hymn of praise now known at the Magnificat, and after John's birth, Zachary's speech was restored. This is all that is known of Elizabeth and Zachary, and is found in the New Testament in Luke, Chapter 1. An unvarifiable tradition has Zachary murdered in the Temple when he refused to tell Herod where his son John was to be found. Their feast day is November 5th.



St. Sylvia



Feastday: November 5

Patron: of Pregnant Women



St. Sylvia, Mother of St. Gregory the Great (Feast - November 5) The Church venerates the sanctity of Sylvia and Gordian, the parents of St. Gregory the Great, as well as his two aunts, Tarsilla and Emiliana. St. Sylvia was a native of the region of Sicily while St. Gordian, her husband, came from the vicinity of Rome. They had two sons: Gregory and another whose name has not survived the ages. Gordian died about 573 and Gregory converted his paternal home into a monastery. Sylvia therefore retired to a solitary and quasi-monastic life in a little abode near the Church of St. Sava on the Aventine. It became her custom frequently to send fresh vegetables to her son on a silver platter. One day, when Gregory found himself with nothing to give a poor beggar, he presented him with the platter. St. Sylvia is thought to have gone on to her heavenly reward between 592 and 594. After her death, the holy Pontiff had a picture of both his parents depicted in the Church of St. Andrew. In the sixteenth century, Pope Clement VIII had St. Sylvia inscribed in the Roman Martyrology.


Not to be confused with Silvia Saint.

Saint Silvia (Sylvia) (c. 515 – c. 592) was the mother of Saint Gregory the Great. She is venerated as a saint by the Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodox Church,[1] which names her a patroness of pregnant women.



Life

Little biographical information about her exists. Her native place is sometimes given as Sicily, sometimes as Rome. Apparently she was of as distinguished family as her husband, the Roman regionarius, Gordianus. She had, besides Gregory, a second son, whose name did not survive through the ages.[2]


Silvia was noted for her great piety, and she gave her sons an excellent education. After the death of her husband, around 573, she devoted herself entirely to religion in the "new cell by the gate of blessed Paul" (cella nova juxta portam beati Pauli). Gregory the Great had a mosaic portrait of his parents executed at the monastery of Saint Andrew; it is minutely described by Johannes Diaconus (P.L., LXXV, 229–30).[3] Silvia was portrayed sitting with the face, in which the wrinkles of age could not hide the beauty; the eyes were large and blue, and the expression was gracious and animated.[2]


Veneration


San Saba seen from outside the external wall.

The veneration of Saint Silvia is of early date.[2] She was honoured by the Romans as a type of a Christian widow.[3]


Silvia had built a chapel in her house. In 645, the monks from the monastery of Mar Saba (Palestine) settled in this house, and devoted it to the celebration of Saint Sabas. In the 9th century an oratory was erected over her former dwelling, near the Basilica of San Saba.


Pope Clement VIII (1592–1605) inserted her name under 3 November in the Roman Martyrology. She is invoked by pregnant women for a safe delivery.[4]


Two of her relatives, sisters-in-law Trasilla and Emiliana, are also venerated as saints, as well as her other sister-in-law Gordiana, and her husband Gordianus.



St. Magnus


புனித_மேக்னுஸ் (ஐந்தாம் நூற்றாண்டு)


நவம்பர் 05



இவர் (#St_Magnus) இத்தாலியைச் சார்ந்தவர்.


மிலன் நகரின் பேராயரான இவர் கி.பி 518 முதல் 530 வரையிலான காலக்கட்டத்தில் மிகச் சிறப்பான முறையில் பணிகளைச் செய்தார். குறிப்பாக இவர் சிறைக் கைதிகளுக்குத் தாராளமாக உதவி செய்தார்.



இவருடைய காலத்தில் இத்தாலியைத் தியோடரிக் என்ற மன்னன் ஆண்டு வந்தான். அவன் தொடக்கத்தில் இவருக்கு ஆதரவு தந்தாலும், பின்னாளில் அவன் இவரை எதிர்க்கவும், இறுதியில் கொலை செய்யவும் துணிந்தான். 


இவர் 530 ஆம் ஆண்டு இறையடி சேர்ந்தார்.

Feastday: November 5


Archbishop of Milan, Italy, from 520 until his death. He served the see during a period of military and political turmoil.




St. Emeric


Feastday: November 5

Death: 1031


The son of St. Stephen, Hungary's first Christian king. Born in 1007, he did not live to inherit St. Stephen's throne, as he died in a hunting accident. His tomb at Szekesfehervar was a pilgrim's site, and many miracles were reported there. He was canonized with his father in 1083.


Saint Emeric (Hungarian: Szent Imre herceg, Slovak: Svätý Imrich) also Henricus, Emery, Emerick, Emmerich, Emericus or Americus (c. 1007 – 2 September 1031) was the son of King St. Stephen I of Hungary and Giselle of Bavaria.



Life

Family

Emeric is assumed[2] to be the second son of Stephen I. Named after his maternal uncle St. Henry II, he was the only one of Stephen's sons who reached adulthood.


Education

Emeric was educated in a strict and ascetic spirit by the Benedictine monk from Venice, Gerard, from the age of 15 to 23. He was intended to be the next monarch of Hungary, and his father wrote his Admonitions to prepare him for this task. His father tried to make Emeric co-heir still in his lifetime.


He married in the year 1022.[3] The identity of his wife is disputed. Some say it was Irene Monomachina, a relative of Byzantine emperor Constantine IX Monomachos,[4] or a female member of the Argyros family to which Byzantine emperor Romanos III Argyros belonged. Other say it was Patricissa of Croatia, the daughter of Krešimir III of Croatia. Another possible person may have been Adelaide/Rixa of Poland or one of her unnamed sisters.


Death and sainthood

The succession plans of Emeric's father could never be fulfilled: on 2 September 1031, at age 24, Emeric was killed by a boar while hunting. It is assumed[2] that this happened in Hegyközszentimre (presently Sântimreu, Romania). He was buried in the Székesfehérvár Basilica. Several wondrous healings and conversions happened at his grave, so on 5 November 1083 King Ladislaus I unearthed Emeric's bones in a large ceremony, and Emeric was canonised for his pious life and purity along with his father and Bishop Gerard of Csanád by Pope Gregory VII.


St. Emeric is most often pictured in knight's armour with crown and lily. It is believed by some Hungarians that Amerigo Vespucci, the Italian explorer and the namesake of the Americas, was named after the saint



Saint Guido Maria Conforti


Profile

As a child he used to have conversations in his parish church with Christ crucified. Entered the seminary in Parma, Italy at age 17. Ordained on 22 September 1888. Professor at the seminary. Vice-rector of the seminary. Vicar of Clergy in the diocese of Parma. Founded the Xaverian Missionaries on 3 December 1895; they were assigned by Rome to evangelize China. Archbishop of Ravenna, Italy on 9 June 1902. Resigned as archbishop due to poor health in October 1904. Coadjutor bishop of Parma, Italy and titular archbishop of Stauropolis on 14 November 1904. Archbishop of Parma, Italy on 12 December 1907. He visited his parishes regularly, worked for religious formation, supported religious education for the laity and lay involvement with youth. In 1928 he travelled to China to visit the Xaverians working there.



Born

30 March 1865 at Ravadese, Parma, Italy


Died

• 5 November 1931 in Parma, Italy of natural causes

• buried in the center of the apse of the church of the motherhouse of the Xaverian Missionaries in Parma


Beatified

• 17 March 1996 by Pope John Paul II in Rome, Italy

• the beatification miracle involved the cure of 12 year old Sabina Kamariza's pancreatic cancer in Burundi, Africa in 1965


Canonized

23 October 2011 by Pope Benedict XVI


Patronage

Xaverian Missionaries




Blessed Narcyz Putz


Also known as

Narcissus Putz


Additional Memorial

12 June as one of the 108 Martyrs of World War II



Profile

Priest at Saint Wojciech parish, Poznan, Poland. Arrested in the Nazi anti-Catholic sweeps of 1939 and sent to the Catholic clergy section of the Dachau concentration camp. There he continued his ministry by caring for other prisoners and suffering his own privations in quiet dignity. Martyr.


Born

28 October 1877 in Sieraków, Wielkopolskie, Poland


Died

5 December 1942 in the Dachau concentration camp, Oberbayern, Germany from disease and general abuse


Beatified

13 June 1999 by Pope John Paul II




Blessed Bernhard Lichtenberg

✠ அருளாளர் பெர்னார்ட் லிச்டென்பெர்க் ✠

(Blessed Bernhard Lichtenberg)


கத்தோலிக்க குரு, இறையியலாளர் மற்றும் மறைசாட்சி:

(Catholic Priest, Theologian, and Martyr)



பிறப்பு: டிசம்பர் 3, 1875

ஓலாவ், புருஸ்ஸியன் சிலேசியா, புருஸ்ஸியா இராச்சியம், ஜெர்மன் பேரரசு

(Ohlau, Prussian Silesia, Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire)


இறப்பு: நவம்பர் 5, 1943 (வயது 67)

பெர்லினிலிருந்து ஜெர்மனியின் டச்சாவ் வதை முகாமுக்கு கொண்டு செல்லப்பட்டபோது

(While being transported from Berlin to Dachau concentration camp, Germany)


ஏற்கும் சமயம்:

ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை (ஜெர்மனி)

(Roman Catholic Church (Germany)


முக்திப்பேறு பட்டம்: ஜூன் 23, 1996

திருத்தந்தை இரண்டாம் ஜான் பவுல்

(Pope John Paul II)


முக்கிய திருத்தலம்: 

செயின்ட் ஹெட்விக் கதீட்ரல், பெர்லின், ஜெர்மனி

(St. Hedwig's Cathedral, Berlin, Germany)


நினைவுத் திருவிழா: நவம்பர் 5


அருளாளர் பெர்னார்ட் லிச்டென்பெர்க், ஒரு கத்தோலிக்க குருவும், இறையியலாளரும், மற்றும் மறைசாட்சியுமாவார். கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபையினால் முக்திப்பேறு பட்டமளிக்கப்பட்ட இவருக்கு, "நாடுகளிடையே நீதிமான்" (Righteous among the Nations) என்ற பட்டமும் வழங்கப்பட்டுள்ளது. ஜெர்மானிய நாட்டை சர்வாதிகாரியான அடால்ஃப் ஹிட்லரும், அவரது நாஜிக்களும் ஆண்ட காலத்தில், நாஜிக்களால் கைது செய்யப்பட்டு சிறைவைக்கப்பட்டிருந்த இவர் மறைசாட்சியாக மரித்தார்.


"ஜெர்மன் பேரரசின்" (German Empire) "புருஸ்ஸியா இராச்சியத்தின்" (Kingdom of Prussia) "புருஸ்ஸியன் சிலேசியா" (Prussian Silesia) மாநிலத்தின் "ஓலாவ்" (Ohlau) எனுமிடத்தில், கி.பி. 1875ம் ஆண்டு, டிசம்பர் மாதம், 3ம் நாளன்று பிறந்த பெர்னார்ட் லிச்டென்பெர்க், மேற்கு ஆஸ்திரியாவின் (Western Austria) "டைரோல்" (Tyrol) மாநிலத்தின் தலைநகரான "இன்ஸ்ப்ரக்" (Innsbruck) நகரில் இறையியல் பயின்ற இவர், கி.பி. 1899ம் ஆண்டு, குருத்துவ அருட்பொழிவு பெற்றார். ஜெர்மனி (Germany) நாட்டின் தலைநகரான பெர்லின் (Berlin) நகரில், கி.பி. 1900ம் ஆண்டு, தமது மறைப்பணியை தொடங்கிய இவர், முதலாம் உலகப்போரின்போது, (World War I) இராணுவ குருவாக (Military Chaplain) சேவையாற்றினார்.


1932ம் ஆண்டில், பெர்லின் ஆயர், (Bishop of Berlin) அவரை புனித ஹெட்விக் கதீட்ரல் மறைப்பணியாளர்களின் கல்லூரியின் (Cathedral Chapter of St. Hedwig) சட்ட நியதியாக நியமித்தார்.


எரிச் மரியா ரெமார்க்ஸின் போர் எதிர்ப்பு திரைப்படமான "ஆல் க்யூட் ஆன் தி வெஸ்டர்ன் ஃப்ரண்ட்" (All Quiet on the Western Front) திரைப்பட பதிப்பைக் காண்பதற்கு கத்தோலிக்கர்களை அவர் ஊக்குவித்தது, ஜோசப் கோயபல்ஸின் (Joseph Goebbels) டெர் ஆங்ரிஃப் ஒரு மோசமான தாக்குதலைத் தூண்டியது. 1933ம் ஆண்டு, ஜெர்மனி நாட்டின் இரகசிய உளவுத்துறை காவல்துறையினர் முதன்முதலாக அவரது இல்லத்தை சோதனையிட்டார்கள்.


மத்திய கட்சியில் (Centre Pary) தீவிர செயல்பாட்டாளராக விளங்கிய இவர், 1935ம் ஆண்டு, ஜெர்மன் (Jerman) அரசியல் மற்றும் இராணுவ தலைவர்களில் ஒருவரும், நாஜிக்களின் முக்கிய பிரமுகருமான "ஹெர்மன் கோரிங்" (Hermann Göring) என்பவரின் முன்னிலையில், நாஜிக்களின் சித்திரவதை முகாம்களின் கொடுமைகளை எதிர்த்து போராடச்சென்றார்.


கதீட்ரலின் புரோவோஸ்ட் என்று பெயரிடப்பட்ட, 1938 ஆம் ஆண்டில், லிச்சன்பெர்க் பேர்லின் எபிஸ்கோபட்டின் நிவாரண அலுவலகத்தின் பொறுப்பில் வைக்கப்பட்டார், இது யூத வம்சாவளியைச் சேர்ந்த பல கத்தோலிக்கர்களுக்கு மூன்றாம் ரைச்சிலிருந்து குடியேற உதவியது. "கதீட்ரலின் புரோவோஸ்ட்" (Provost of the Cathedral) என்ற பதவியிலமர்த்தப்பட்ட இவர், 1938ம் ஆண்டில், எபிஸ்கோபட்டின் நிவாரண அலுவலகத்தின் பொறுப்பில் வைக்கப்பட்டார். இது யூத வம்சாவளியைச் சேர்ந்த பல கத்தோலிக்கர்களை நாஜிக்களின் ஜெர்மனியிலிருந்து புலம்பெயர்ந்து வெளியேற குடியேற உதவியது.


ஜெர்மனியில் முதன்முதலில் திட்டமிடப்பட்டு செயல்படுத்தப்பட்ட "நவம்பர் படுகொலை" (November Pogrom) அல்லது "கிறிஸ்டால்நாட்ச்" (Kristallnacht) படுகொலைகளின் பின்னர், லிச்சன்பெர்க், பெர்லின் நகரின் "செயிண்ட் ஹெட்விக்" தேவாலயத்தில் "வெளியே எரியும் ஜெப ஆலயமும் கடவுளின் வீடுதான்" என்று வெளிப்படையாக எச்சரித்தார். 1941ம் ஆண்டு, அக்டோபர் மாதம், தாம் கைது செய்யப்படும்வரை, லிச்சன்பெர்க் தினசரி வெஸ்பர்ஸ் சேவையில் (Vespers service) துன்புறுத்தப்பட்ட யூதர்களுக்காக பகிரங்கமாக ஜெபித்தார். ஆயர் "கொன்ராட் வான் ப்ரீசிங்" (Konrad von Preysing) பின்னர் நகரத்தின் யூத சமூகத்திற்கு உதவுவதற்கான பணியை அவரிடம் ஒப்படைத்தார்.


நோய்வாய்ப்பட்ட மற்றும் மனநலம் பாதிக்கப்பட்டவர்களையும், யூத மக்களையும், கைதுசெய்து துன்புறுத்துவதற்கும் கொலை செய்வதற்கும் எதிராக அவர் நாஜி அதிகாரிகளுக்கு நேரில் எதிர்ப்பு தெரிவித்ததுடன், அவர்களை எதிர்த்துப் போராடினார். முதலில், நாஜிக்கள் பாதிரியாரை ஒரு தொல்லை என்று தள்ளுபடி செய்தனர். தந்தை லிச்சன்பெர்க் தனது நடவடிக்கைகளுக்காக கைது செய்யப்படும் அபாயத்தில் இருப்பதாக எச்சரிக்கப்பட்டார். ஆனாலும் அவர் தமது போராட்டங்களை தொடர்ந்தார்.


"டச்சாவ்" (Dachau) போன்ற சித்திரவதை முகாம்களின் துன்புறுத்தல்கள் குறித்து, சில முகாம்களுக்கு வெளியே அவர்களுக்கு எதிராக ஆர்ப்பாட்டங்களை ஏற்பாடு செய்தார்.


1941ம் ஆண்டில், லிச்சன்பெர்க், தன்னிச்சையான கருணைக்கொலை திட்டத்திற்கு எதிராக "ரீச்" நகரின் தலைமை மருத்துவர் (Chief Physician of the Reich), பொது சுகாதார அமைச்சர் (Minister of Public Health) "லியோனார்டோ கான்டி" (Leonardo Conti) (1900-1945) என்பவருக்கு எழுதிய கடிதத்தில் தமது எதிர்ப்பை பின்வருமாறு தெரிவித்தார்:

                             "நான், ஒரு மனிதனாக, ஒரு கிறிஸ்தவனாக, ஒரு பாதிரியாராக, மற்றும் ஒரு ஜேர்மனியனாக, உங்களுடைய ஆட்சியில் உங்கள் அதிகாரத்தாலும் ஒப்புதலாலும் நடைபெறும் குற்றம் - கொலைகளுக்கு நீங்கள் பதில் அளிக்கவேண்டுகிறேன். உங்களுடைய இத்தகைய பாவச் செயல்களால் ஜெர்மானிய மக்கள் இறைவனின் கோபத்திற்கு ஆளாக நேரிடும்."


நாஜி ஜெர்மனியின் சுகாதார நிறுவனங்களில் நடைபெற்ற கருணைக்கொலைகளுக்கு எதிராக கிறிஸ்தவ திருச்சபைகள் எதிர்ப்பு தெரிவித்தவுடன் அத்தகைய செயல்கள் விரைவில் நிறுத்தப்பட்டது. முக்கிய, மிகவும் போற்றப்பட்ட மதகுருமார்கள் மற்றும் பிற எதிர்ப்பாளர்களை சிறையில் அடைக்க வேண்டும் என்ற நாஜி தலைவர்களின் முடிவினால், - அவர்கள் பெரிதும் அஞ்சிய எதிர்மறையான பொதுமக்களின் எதிர்பின் அடிப்படையில் விளைவுகளைக் கொண்ட ஒருநெறி - அல்லது திட்டத்தை முடிவுக்குக் கொண்டுவந்தார்கள்.


1941ம் ஆண்டு, அக்டோபர் மாதம், 23ம் நாளன்று, லிச்சன்பெர்க் கைது செய்யப்பட்டு இரண்டு ஆண்டுகள் சிறைத்தண்டனை விதிக்கப்பட்டார். திருத்தமுடியாத குற்றவாளி என்று அவரை தீர்மானித்ததால், அவரை அவர் "டச்சாவ் சித்திரவதை முகாமுக்கு" (Dachau Concentration Camp) அனுப்பினார்கள். ஆனால், பயணத்தின் நடுவே, 1943ம் ஆண்டு, நவம்பர் மாதம், 5ம் நாளன்று, "பவேரியா"வின் (Bavaria) "ஹோஃப்" (Hof) நகரில் அவர் சரிந்து விழுந்து மரித்தார்.


(நாஜி ஜெர்மனி பற்றின சிறு குறிப்பு):

நாஜி ஜெர்மனி என்பது, அடால்ப் ஹிட்லர் மற்றும் அவரது நாஜி கட்சியின் கீழ் இருந்த ஜெர்மனி நாட்டை குறிக்க வழங்கப்படும் ஆங்கிலப்பெயராகும். ஹிட்லர், ஜெர்மனியை 1933 முதல் 1945ம் ஆண்டுவரை சர்வாதிகாரியாக ஆண்டார். இவரது ஆட்சிக்காலத்தில் ஜெர்மனி உலகின் பெரிய பாசிச சக்தியாக உருவெடுத்தது.



ஹிட்லரின் நாடுபிடிக்கும் ஆசையால் ஐரோப்பா முழுவதும் பதட்டம் நிலவியது. இது இரண்டாம் உலகப் போருக்கு வித்திட்டது. போர் காலத்தில் இந்நாடு மனித குலத்துக்கு எதிரான குற்றச் செயல்களில் பெருமளவில் ஈடுபட்டது. நாஜி படைகள் இரண்டாம் உலகப்போரில் தோற்கடிக்கப்பட்ட பின்பு நாஜிக்களின் ஆட்சி ஜெர்மனியில் முடிவுக்கு வந்தது.

Profile

Priest in the diocese of Berlin, Germany. He served in the Berlin Cathedral, and was well known in civic circles. An out-spoken critic of the Nazis and their anti-Semitism, Father Berhard organized protests outside the concentration camps, led public prayers for the Jews after the terrors of Krystallnacht, and filed formal complaints against the racist policies of the party. For these works he was imprisoned for two years. Upon his release he immediately resumed his ministry, both pastoral and social. He was arrested again, sentenced to the Dachau concentration camp, but died en route. Martyr.





Born

3 December 1875 at Ohlau, Germany


Died

martyred on 5 November 1943 in a cattle car at Hof, Germany while en route to the Dachau concentration camp


Beatified

23 June 1996 by Pope John Paul II at the Olympic Stadium, Berlin, Germany




Saint Gerald of Beziers


Also known as

• Gerald of Puissalicon

• Guiraud, Geraud, Geraldo


Profile

Augustinian canon regular. Deacon in 1094; ordained to the priesthood in 1101. Abbot of Cassan Abbey near Roujan, France in 1105. Bishop of Beziers, France in 1121. Spent all his diocese's revenues to care for the poor.


Born

c.1070 at Puissalicon, France


Died

• 5 November 1123 in Beziers, France of natural causes

• buried near Saint Aphrodise, first bishop of Beziers

• relics transferred to a nearby, but now defunct, Poor Clare convent in Beziers on 11 November 1259

• relics enshrined at the church of Saint Aphrodise in 1355

• relics destroyed in 1793 during the anti-Christianity excesses of the French Revolution

• a silver and amethyst ring that belonged to Gerald has survived, but was stolen in 1980




Blessed Hryhorii Lakota


Also known as

Gregor, Gregory, Hryhorij, Hryhory



Additional Memorial

27 June as one of the Martyrs Killed Under Communist Regimes in Eastern Europe


Profile

Greek Catholic. Studied theology at Lviv, Ukraine. Ordained in 1908 at Przemysl (in modern Poland). Doctor of theology at Vienna, Austria in 1911. Professor at the Ukrainian seminary at Przemysl in 1913. Rector of the seminary. Auxiliary bishop of Przemysl, Poland on 16 May 1926. Arrested for his faith on 9 June 1946; sentenced to ten years at Vorkuta, Russia. Died in prison. One of the Martyrs Killed Under Communist Regimes in Eastern Europe.


Born

31 January 1883 at Holodivka, Lviv District, Ukraine


Died

12 November 1950 at Abez, Vorkuta, Russia


Beatified

27 June 2001 by Pope John Paul II in Ukraine



Blessed María del Carmen Viel Ferrando


Profile

Lay woman in the archdiocese of Valencia, Spain. Baptized at the age of two days, and made her First Communion on 24 April 1904 in her home parish of Saint Peter the Apostle. Worked as a seamstress. Studied sociology; she worked with working young people, and brought the Salesian Sisters to the region in 1931 to help with the religious education of young people. She was devoted to Eucharistic adoration, regular Communion, and prayed the rosary every day. Member of Catholic Action. Martyred in the Spanish Civil War.





Born

27 November 1893 in Sueca, Valencia, Spain


Died

5 November 1936 in El Saler, Valencia, Spain


Beatified

11 March 2001 by Pope John Paul II



Saint Bertille


Also known as

Bertilla



Profile

French noble in the reign of King Dagobert I. Friend and spiritual student of Saint Ouen of Rouen. Bertille wanted to enter religious life, but delayed and worried, thinking her parents would oppose her choice; they did not. Benedictine nun at the convent at Jouarre, Brie, France, an abbey founded by Saint Owen's brother Ado under the strict rule of Saint Columbanus. Infirmarian. Convent school headmistress. Prioress. Abbess of the abbey at Chelles from 646, when it was restored by Saint Bathildis, until her death. During this time the convent attracted nuns that included a queen, several Merovingian princesses, and many Anglo-Saxon noble women.


Born

at Soissons, France


Died

c.703



Blessed Gomidas Keumurjian


Also known as

• Gomida Keumurgian

• Cosma de Carboniano



Profile

Married at age 20. Priest in the Armenian church. In 1696 he and his family made complete submission to the authority of Rome. This angered Armenian officials who took this as an insult. Some of them falsely accused Gomidas of being a spy for Rome, which led to his arrest and execution by Turkish authorities. Considered a martyr as his death was the result of his faith.


Born

c.1656 at Constantinople


Died

beheaded 1707 at Parmark-Kapu, Constantinople


Beatified

23 June 1929 by Pope Pius XI



Saints Epistemis and Galation


Profile

Saint Galation was a Christian married to Epistemis, and brought her to the faith. They both then retired to monasteries and were later martyred in the persecutions of Decius. It's possible they were fictional, the story of their lives being written as fiction but misunderstood as fact; however, married couples agreeing to enter religious life was not unusual at the time.



Died

251 at Emessa, Pheonicia



Saint Ðaminh Mau


Also known as

Dominic



Additional Memorial

24 November as one of the Martyrs of Vietnam


Profile

Dominican. Priest. Promoted the use of the Rosary to strengthen the faith of Christians. Imprisoned in the persecutions of emperor Tu-Duc, he ministered to other prisoners until he was executed. Martyr.


Born

c.1794 in Phú Nhai, Nam Ðinh, Vietnam


Died

beheaded 5 November 1858 by the river in Hung Yên, Vietnam


Canonized

19 June 1988 by Pope John Paul II



Saint Comasia


Profile

Martyr.



Died

• 3rd century Rome, Italy

• buried in the catacombs of Saint Agnes, Nomentana, Rome

• relics enshrined in Martina Franca, Italy in 1646 by Cardinal Sacrati with the approval of Pope Innocent X

• rain is reported to have followed the procession that delivered her relics, which led to her patronage against drought


Patronage

• against drought

• Martina Franca, Italy



Saint Laetus of Orléans


Also known as

Lie, Lié, Lyé, Laetus


Profile

Monk from age 12. Priest. Spiritual advisor to Saint Leonard of Noblac.


Born

region of Berry, France


Died

• 533 in the forest of Orléans, France of natural causes

• relics enshrined in Saint-Lié-la-Forêt, France



Saint Mamete


Also known as

Mamet


Additional Memorial

17 August in the diocese of Saint-Flour, France


Profile

Priest. Evangelist in the region of Saint-Flour, France, assigned by Saint Astremonius of Clermont, France. The town of Saint-Mamet-la-Salvetat, France is named for him.


Died

4th century Auvergne, France of natural causes



Saint Kea


Also known as

Kay, Ke, Kenan, Quay


Profile

Born to the nobility. Ministered in Devon and Cornwall, where Landkey is named for him, and in Brittany where he was known as Quay.


Born

at Glastonbury, England


Died

6th century


Patronage

against toothaches




Saint Domninus the Physician


Also known as

Donnino


Profile

Physician condemned to work the mines during the persecutions of Maximian. Martyr.


Died

burned to death in 310 in Palestine



Saint Idda


Profile

Born to the southern German nobility, Idda spent as much of her time in prayer as possible. Married. Widowed, she spent her final days at the Benedictine abbey of Fischingen, Germany.


Died

12th century of natural causes



Saint Spinulus


Also known as

Spin, Spinula


Profile

Monk at Moyenmoutier, France. Friend of Saint Hidulf. Founded the monastery of Bégon-Celle (now known as Saint-Blasien) in France.


Died

c.714



Saint Hermenegild


Profile

Benedictine monk at Salcedo, diocese of Tui, Spanish Galatia. Helped Saint Rudesind spread the Benedictine Rule throughout northwest Spain.


Born

Spanish


Died

953



Saint Augustine of Terracina


Profile

Sixth century Benedictine monk. Dispatched by Saint Benedict of Nursia to found a monastery in Terracina, Italy.



Saint Sylvanus of Syria


Profile

Bishop condemned to work the mines during the persecutions of Maximian. Martyr.


Born

Syrian



Saint Fibitius


Also known as

Fibizio, Fibicio


Profile

Abbot of a monastery in Trier, Germany. Bishop of Trier.


Died

c.500



Saint Eusebius of Terracina


Profile

Martyr.


Died

1st century in Terracina, Italy



Saint Guetnoco


Profile

Brother monk of Saint Winwallus and Saint Giacuto at Landevennec monastery in Brittany, France. Abbot.



Saint Kanten


Also known as

Cannen


Profile

Founder of Llanganten abbey, Powys, Wales.


Died

8th century



Saint Dominator of Brescia


Profile

Bishop of Brescia, Italy.


Died

c.495



Saint Felix of Terracina


Profile

Martyr.


Died

1st century in Terracina, Italy



Saint Canonica


Profile

Daughter of a prince of Constantinople. Hermitess in the desert of Jordan.



Saint Marco of Troia


Profile

Bishop of Troia, Italy.



Martyrs of Caesarea Maritima


Profile

Four young Christian men who were martyred together in the persecutions of Maximian - Aussenzius, Philotheus, Timothy and Theotimus.


Died

in the arena at Caesarea Maritima, Palestine



Martyred in the Spanish Civil War


Thousands of people were murdered in the anti-Catholic persecutions of the Spanish Civil War from 1934 to 1939. I have pages on each of them, but in most cases I have only found very minimal information. They are available on the CatholicSaints.Info site through these links:


• Blessed Juan Antoni Burró Mas

• Blessed Juan Duarte Martín

• Blessed María del Carmen Viel Ferrando


All Jesuit Saints


Also known as

• Society of Jesus

• Company of Jesus


Founded

1534 by Saint Ignatius Loyola at Montmartre, Paris, France



Article

A body of clerics regular organized for Apostolic work, following a religious rule and relying on alms for their support. It was the chief instrument of the Catholic Reformation. Pope Paul III approved the new rule in 1540, and Ignatius was elected the first general of the order in 1541. The constitutions, drafted by him and based on his Spiritual Exercies were adopted in 1558. It was the first order which enjoined by its constitutions devotion to the cause of education. The ministry of the Society consists chiefly in preaching; teaching catechism; administering the sacraments; conducting missions in parishes; taking care of parishes; organizing pious confraternities; teaching in schools of every grade; writing books, pamphlets, periodical articles; going on foreign missions, and special missions when ordered by the pope. The general resides at Rome, Italy and has a council of assistants. The motto of the Society is Ad Majorem Dei Gloriam (For the greater glory of God).


Profiled Jesuit Saints, Beati and Venerables

• Blessed Aleixo Delgado • Blessed Alfredo Simón Colomina • Blessed Alonso de Baena • Blessed Alphonsus Pacheco • Blessed Álvaro Borralho Mendes • Blessed Amaro Vaz • Blessed Ambrose Fernandez • Blessed André Gonçalves • Blessed Anne-Alexandre-Charles-Marie Lanfant • Blessed Anthony Baldinucci • Blessed Anthony Turner • Blessed António Correia • Blessed Antônio Fernandes • Blessed António Soares • Blessed Antonius Kyuni • Blessed Antony Ixida • Blessed Augustine Ota • Blessed Baltasar de Torres Arias • Blessed Bartholomew Alvarez • Blessed Bento de Castro • Blessed Bernardo Francisco de Hoyos Seña • Blessed Brás Ribeiro • Blessed Camillus Costanzo • Blessed Carlo Spinola • Blessed Charles Spinola • Blessed Charles-François le Gué • Blessed Charles-Jéremie Bérauld du Pérou • Blessed Claude Cayx-Dumas • Blessed Claude-Antoine-Raoul Laporte • Blessed Claude-François Gagnières des Granges • Blessed Constantino Carbonell Sempere • Blessed Dario Hernández Morató • Blessed Didacus Yuki Ryosetsu • Blessed Diego Carvalho • Blessed Diego Luis de San Vitores-Alonso • Blessed Diogo de Andrade • Blessed Diogo Pires Mimoso • Blessed Dionysius Fugixima • Blessed Domingos Fernandes • Blessed Dominic Collins • Blessed Edmund Daniel • Blessed Edward Oldcorne • Blessed Éloy Herque du Roule • Blessed Emmanuel d’Abreu • Blessed Esteban Zuraire • Blessed Fernando Sánchez • Blessed Francis Page • Blessed Francisco Alvares • Blessed Francisco de Magalhães • Blessed Francisco Pacheco • Blessed Francisco Pérez Godoy • Blessed François Balmain • Blessed François Varheilhe-Duteil • Blessed François-Hyacinthe lé Livec de Trésurin • Blessed Gaspar Alvares • Blessed Gaspar Sadamatsu • Blessed Giovanni Battista Zola • Blessed Giovanni Fausti • Blessed Gonçalo Henriques • Blessed Gregorio Escribano • Blessed Guillaume-Antoine Delfaut • Blessed Gundisalvus Fusai Chozo • Blessed Gundisalvus Fusai Chozo • Blessed Ignatius de Azevedo • Blessed Ioannes Chugoku • Blessed Ioannes Kisaku • Blessed Iõao • Blessed Iulianus Nakaura • Blessed Jacques Friteyre-Durvé • Blessed Jacques Salès • Blessed Jacques-Jules Bonnaud • Blessed Jan Beyzym • Blessed Jean Charton de Millou • Blessed Jean-Antoine Seconds • Blessed Jean-François-Marie Benoît-Vourlat • Blessed Jean-Nicolas Cordier • Blessed Jerome de Angelis • Blessed João Fernandes • Blessed João Fernandes • Blessed John Baptist Machado de Tavora • Blessed John Bathe • Blessed John Cornelius • Blessed John Fenwick • Blessed John Gaspard Cratz • Blessed John Gavan • Blessed John Nelson • Blessed John Sullivan • Blessed Josep Tarrats Comaposada • Blessed Joseph Imbert • Blessed Juan Bautista Ferreres Boluda • Blessed Juan de Mayorga • Blessed Juan de San Martín • Blessed Juan de Zafra • Blessed Julian Maunoir • Blessed Leonardus Kimura • Blessed Loup Thomas-Bonnotte • Blessed Ludovicus Kawara Rokuemon • Blessed Luís Correia • Blessed Luís Rodrigues • Blessed Manuel Alvares • Blessed Manuel Fernandes • Blessed Manuel Pacheco • Blessed Manuel Rodrigues • Blessed Marcos Caldeira • Blessed Mathurin-Nicolas de la VilleCrohain le Bous de Villeneuve • Blessed Michaël Nakashima Saburoemon • Blessed Michaël Sato Shunpo • Blessed Michaël Tozo • Blessed Michel-François de la Gardette • Blessed Miguel Agustin Pro • Blessed Miguel Carvalho • Blessed Narcis Basté y Basté • Blessed Nicolau Dinis • Blessed Pau Bori Puig • Blessed Paulus Shinsuke • Blessed Pedro de Fontoura • Blessed Pedro Nunes • Blessed Pere Gelabert Amer • Blessed Peter Paul Navarro • Blessed Peter Wright • Blessed Petrus Rinsei • Blessed Petrus Sanpo • Blessed Pierre-Michel Guérin du Rocher • Blessed Ralph Ashley • Blessed Ralph Corby • Blessed Ramón Grimaltos Monllor • Blessed René-Marie Andrieux • Blessed Robert Middleton • Blessed Robert-François Guérin du Rocher • Blessed Roger Filcock • Blessed Rudolph Aquaviva • Blessed Sebastianus Kimura • Blessed Simão da Costa • Blessed Simão Lopes • Blessed Simon Yempo • Blessed Thomas Akahoshi • Blessed Thomas Cottam • Blessed Thomas Holland • Blessed Thomas Tsuji • Blessed Thomas Whitbread • Blessed Tomàs Sitjar Fortiá • Blessed Vicente Sales Genovés • Blessed Vincent de Cunha • Blessed Vincent-Joseph le Rousseau de Rosencoat • Blessed Vincentius Kaun • Blessed William Boyton • Blessed William Harcourt • Blessed William Ireland • Blessed William Saultemouche • Saint Alberto Hurtado Cruchaga • Saint Alexander Briant • Saint Alonso Rodriguez • Saint Alonso Rodriguez • Saint Aloysius Gonzaga • Saint Andrew Bobola • Saint Anthony Daniel • Saint Bernadine Realino • Saint Charles Garnier • Saint Claude de la Colombiere • Saint David Lewis • Saint Edmund Arrowsmith • Saint Edmund Campion • Saint Francis Borgia • Saint Francis of Girolamo • Saint Francis Xavier • Saint Gabriel Lalemant • Saint Henry Morse • Saint Henry Walpole • Saint Ignatius of Loyola • Saint Isaac Jogues • Saint István Pongrácz • Saint Jacques Berthieu • Saint Jacques Fermin • Saint James Kisai • Saint Jean-Pierre Néel • Saint John Berchmans • Saint John de Brébeuf • Saint John Francis Regis • Saint John Ogilvie • Saint John Soan de Goto • Saint José de Anchieta • Saint José María Rubio y Peralta • Saint Joseph Pignatelli • Saint Juan del Castillo Rodríguez • Saint Léon-Ignace Mangin • Saint Melichar Grodecký • Saint Modeste Andlauer • Saint Nicholas Owen • Saint Noel Chabanel • Saint Paul Denn • Saint Paul Miki • Saint Paul Suzuki • Saint Peter Canisius • Saint Peter Claver • Saint Peter Faber • Saint Philip Evans • Saint Rémi Isoré • Saint Robert Bellarmine • Saint Robert Southwell • Saint Rocco Gonzalez • Saint Stanislaus Kostka • Saint Thomas Garnet • Venerable Giacinto Alegre Pujals • Venerable Giuseppe Antonio Migliavacca • Venerable Jacques Sevin • Venerable Johann Philipp Jeningen • Venerable Leonard Lessius • Venerable Luis Lapuente • Venerable Petar Barbaric • Venerable Tiburcio Arnáiz Muñoz •

இன்றைய புனிதர்கள் நவம்பர் 04

 St. Vitalis


Feastday: November 4

Death: 304



Martyr, also called Agricola, put to death in Bologna, Italy, to whom the basilica of San Vitale in Ravenna was dedicated. According to one legend, Vitalis was the slave of St. Agricola and a dedicated Christian. Arrested and condemned for his faith, Vitalis faced his death with such aplomb that Agricola was converted and accepted his own crucifixion. In another legend, Vitalis was a relative of Agricola. The cult began when thc remains of two martyrs were discovered in Bologna and St. Ambrose of Milan and Eusebius of Bologna attached some story to the relics. Owing to the questions related to the details of the martyrs' lives, their cult was confined in 1969 to local calendars.


For the 7th century Saint Agricola, see Agricola of Avignon.

Saints Vitalis and Agricola (Italian: Santi Vitale e Agricola) are venerated as martyrs, who are considered to have died at Bologna about 304, during the persecution ordered by Roman Emperor Diocletian.



Legend

Agricola was a Christian citizen of Bologna who converted his slave, Vitalis, to Christianity; they became deeply attached to each other. Vitalis was first to suffer martyrdom, being executed in the amphitheatre. The authorities then tortured Agricola, but failed to make him give up his religion. He was finally crucified.


Veneration


The sarcophagus of Saint Agricola.

Information about Vitalis and Agricola is based on the writings of Saint Ambrose.[1] In 392 or 393, Eusebius, bishop of Bologna, had announced the discovery of the relics of Vitalis and Agricola in a Jewish cemetery in the city. He reburied the relics according to Christian rites, an event at which Ambrose attended. The reburial led to popular veneration of these saints.


The cult of these two martyrs was diffused in Western Europe due to the efforts of Ambrose, who transferred some of the relics to Milan and gave some to Florence. He took some of the blood, parts of the cross, and the nails to Florence, placing these relics in the church erected by a woman named Juliana. On this occasion he delivered an oration in praise of virginity, with special reference to the three virgin daughters of Juliana. His mention of the martyrs Agricola and Vitalis in the first part of the oration is the only source of information on these martyrs' lives ("De exhortatione virginitatis", cc. i-u, in P.L., XVI, 335).


In 396 other relics were sent to St. Victricus, Bishop of Rouen, and about the same date to St. Paulinus of Nola and others. The cult had as its center the city of Bologna, where a basilica was built to hold the relics.


The Bolognese church of San Vitale ed Agricola in Arena, is purported to have been built over the remains of a Roman amphitheatre where the martyrdom of Vitalis and Agricola took place in the 4th century. The crypt of the two martyrs dates back to the 11th century.

Saint Vitalis of Bologna

Profile

Martyred in the persecutions of Diocletian. His death led Saint Agricola to stand up for his faith, which led his martyrdom. The basilica in Ravenna, Italy is dedicated to Saint Vitalis.

Died

c.304 in Bologna, Italy

Saint Agricola of Bologna

Also known as

Aregle of Bologna

Profile

During the persecutions of Diocletian, Agricola witnessed the martyrdom of Saint Vitalis of Bologna; the courage of Vitalis led Agricola to stand up for his own faith. Martyr.

Died

• martyred (possibly crucified) c.304 in Bologna, Italy

• buried in the Jewish cemtery in Bologna


Bl. Martha Le Bouteiller


Feastday: November 4

Birth: 1816

Death: 1883

Beatified: Pope John Paul II



Blessed Martha Le Bouteiller was born as Aimee-Adele Le Bouteiller, in Percy, a villiage in the Manche Department of Normandy, France, in 1816. Her mother was widowed, so she spent much of her youth helping run the family farm. As she grew she started working as a housemaid to earn extra money to give to her mother.


As a young woman, Aimee-Adele found time to volunteer at her parish school, and attended pilgrimages with the children. Her parish community made annual pilgrimages to the shrine of Our Lady of Chappelle-sur-Vire.


In 1841, during one such pilgrimage, Aimee-Adele paid a visit to a dilapidated abbey, that of St. Sauveur le Vicomte. The abbey is the same one where St. Marie Madeleine Postel founded a religious congregation, the School Sister of Mercy. After her visit, Aimee-Adele became resolved to enter the convent.


As a sister, she took the name Martha, a name associated with hard work, and she worked very hard. Her assignments included working on the abbey farm, in the gardens, and helping with the laundry. Eventually she was assigned to the cellar where cider was made. Sister Martha was so skilled at making cider that she became known as "Sister Cider" to her friends.



During the Franco-Prussian War, French troops were quartered in the Abbey. During this time she provided noteworthy care for the soldiers, particularly ensuring that every soldier was fed and had wine. Amongst the soldiers this was greatly appreciated.


Sister Martha also formed a special bond with the abbey's superior, Mother Placide Viel. The bond was strengthened amid tension between Mother Placide, who was often away from the abbey to raise funds, and the superior's elder cousin, Sister Marie Viel, who ran the abbey during Placide's absence.


Despite their professional and familial relationship, the two cousins did not get along very well and Sister Marie often treated the younger Mother Placide, poorly. As Sister Martha sympathized with Mother Placide, the two women formed a lasting friendship.


The friendship between the two women made Sister Martha a target for Sister Marie's frustration and Martha often suffered because of it. Still, Sister Martha remained strong, a steadfast and faithful friend to Mother Placide. The bond between the two was so great that when Mother Placide became ill and died, Sister Martha could not bear to say goodbye.


The friendship of the two women has come to exemplify the bond of sisterhood and friendship that commonly forms between those who live a vocation of service.


Sister Martha died in 1883. Blessed pope John Paul II beatified her on November 4, 1990.




St. Joannicus of Mount Olympus



Feastday: November 4

Death: 846



Hermit, prophet, and miracle worker who defied the Byzantine emperor Theophilus and his Iconoclast policies. Born in Bithynia, in modem Turkey, Joannicus was an Iconoclast until he was converted to the religious life at the age of forty. He became a recluse on Mount Olympus in Bithynia and a monk. Later, he defied the emperor and declared that sacred images would be restored to the Church. Empress Theodora did restore the icons.




Saint Charles Borromeo

✠ புனிதர் சார்லஸ் பொரோமியோ ✠

(St. Charles Borromeo)


கர்தினால், மிலன் பேராயர்:

(Cardinal, Archbishop of Milan)



பிறப்பு: அக்டோபர் 2, 1538

அரோனா கோட்டை, மிலன் ஜமீன்

(Castle of Arona, Duchy of Milan)


இறப்பு: நவம்பர் 3, 1584 (வயது 46)

மிலன்

(Milan)


ஏற்கும் சமயம்:

ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை

(Roman Catholic Church)


முக்திபேறு பட்டம்: மே 12, 1602

திருத்தந்தை எட்டாம் கிளமென்ட்

(Pope Clement VIII)


புனிதர் பட்டம்: நவம்பர் 1, 1610

திருத்தந்தை ஐந்தாம் பவுல்

(Pope Paul V)


நினைவுத் திருவிழா: நவம்பர் 4


பாதுகாவல்: 

வயிற்றுப் புணால் அவதியுறுவோர்; ஆப்பிள் தோட்டம்; ஆயர்கள்; திருமுழுக்கு பெற ஆயத்தம் செய்வோரும் அவர்களுக்கு கற்பிப்போரும்; குடல் கோளாறுகள்; லம்பார்தி, இத்தாலி; மான்டெர்ரே, கலிபோர்னியா; குருமட மாணாவர்கள்; ஆன்மீக வழிகாட்டிகள்; ஆன்மீக தலைவர்கள்.


“கௌன்ட் கர்லோ பொரோமியோ டி அரோனா” (Count Carlo Borromeo di Arona) எனும் இயற்பெயர் கொண்ட புனிதர் சார்லஸ் பொரோமியோ, மிலன் உயர்மறைமாவட்டத்தின் கர்தினால்-பேராயராக கி.பி. 1564ம் ஆண்டு முதல், 1584ம் ஆண்டு வரை பதவியில் இருந்தவர் ஆவார். புனிதர்கள் லொயோலா இஞ்ஞாசி, மற்றும் பிலிப்பு நேரி ஆகியோர் போன்று, இவரும் கத்தோலிக்க மறுமலர்ச்சியில் பெரும் பங்கு வகித்தவர் ஆவார். கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபையினை சீர்திருத்தி, புத்துயிர் அளிக்கும் விதமாக இவர் பல காரியங்களைச் செய்தார். குறிப்பாக குருத்துவத்துக்கான பயிற்சி மடங்கள் பலவற்றை இவர் துவங்கினார். இவர், கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபையில் புனிதர் என ஏற்கப்படுகின்றார்.


வாழ்க்கை சுருக்கம் :

இத்தாலியின் வடமேற்கிலுள்ள “லொம்பார்டி” (Lombardy) பிராந்தியத்தின் மிகவும் பழமையான செல்வந்தர்களான “பொரோமியோ பிரபுக்கள்” (Borromeo Noble family) குடும்பத்தைச் சேர்ந்த இவரது தந்தை, “அரோனா” (Count of Arona) எனும் நகரின் பிரபுவான “கில்பர்ட்” (Gilbert) ஆவார். இவரது தாயாரான “மார்கரெட்” (Margaret) பிரபுக்கள் குடும்பத்தைச் சேர்ந்தவர் ஆவார். சார்லஸ், தமது பெற்றோரின் ஆறு குழந்தைகளில் மூன்றாவதாகப் பிறந்தவர் ஆவார்.


தனது 12ம் வயதில், மடத்தில் சேர்ந்து தனது 25ம் வயதில் குருத்துவத் அருட்பொழிவு பெற்றார். “பவியா பல்கலையில்” (University of Pavia) குடிமைச் சட்டவியல் மற்றும் திருச்சபைச் சட்டவியல் ஆகியவற்றைக் கற்று, கி.பி. 1559ம் ஆண்டும் டிசம்பர் மாதம், 6ம் நாள், முனைவர் பட்டம் பெற்றார். 


இவரது தாயாரின் சகோதரரான (தாய்மாமன்) கர்தினால் “ஜியோவன்னி ஆஞ்செலோ மெடிசி” (Giovanni Angelo Medici) 1559ம் ஆண்டு, டிசம்பர் மாதம், 25ம் நாள் திருத்தந்தையாகப் தேர்வுபெற்று, “நான்காம் பயஸ்” (Pope Pius IV) எனும் பெயரை ஏற்றார். புதிதாய் பதவியேற்ற திருத்தந்தை நான்காம் பயஸ், தமது மருமகனான சார்லசை ரோம் நகர் வரவழைத்து, கி.பி. 1560ம் வருடம், ஜனவரி மாதம், 13ம் நாளன்று, “ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபையின் பீடாதிபதிகளின் கல்லூரியின் உயர் பதவி உறுப்பினராக” (Protonotary Apostolic) நியமித்தார். அதன் பின்னர், பதினெட்டே நாள் கழித்து, அவர் இவரை கர்தினாலாகவும், மிலன் நகரின் பேராயராகவும் உயர்த்தினார். திருச்சபையை ஆள்வதில் திருத்தந்தைக்கு இவர் பேருதவியாய் இருந்தார். ரோம் நகரில் இருந்துகொண்டு திருச்சபைக்காக பணியாற்றினார். திருத்தந்தையர் மாநிலங்களின் அரசாங்கத்திலும் (Government of the Papal States) அதிகாரம் பெற்றிருந்த இவர், “ஃபிரான்சிஸ்கன்” (Franciscans) சபையினர், “கார்மேல் சபையின்” (Carmelites) ஆண் மற்றும் பெண் துறவியர், மற்றும் “தூய ஜான் இறையாண்மை மருத்துவ சேவை சபையினர்” (Knights of Malta) ஆகியோரின் மேற்பார்வையாளராகவும் இருந்தார்.


கி.பி. 1562-63ம் ஆண்டு காலத்தில் நடந்த “டிரன்ட் சங்கத்தின்” (Council of Trent) மூன்றாம் மற்றும் கடைசி அமர்வுகளை சார்லஸ் பொரோமியோ ஏற்பாடு செய்தார். அந்த சங்கத்தின் தீர்மானங்களை தமது மறைமாவட்டத்தில் நடைமுறைக்கு கொண்டுவந்தார். வடக்கு இத்தாலியிலுள்ள தென்மேற்கு பிராந்தியமான “லொம்பார்டியிலுள்ள” (Lombardy) “பவியா” (Pavia) எனுமிடத்தில் ஒரு கல்லூரியை நிறுவி, அதனை “தூய ஜஸ்டினா” (St. Justina of Padua) எனும் பெயரில் அர்ப்பணித்தார். இக்கல்லூரி, தற்போது “அல்மோ கொலேஜியோ பொரோமியோ” (Almo Collegio Borromeo) என்றழைக்கப்படுகின்றது.


கி.பி. 1566ம் ஆண்டு, திருத்தந்தை நான்காம் பயஸின் மரணத்தின் பின்னர், திருத்தந்தை ஐந்தாம் பயஸின் அனுமதியுடன் இவர் மிலன் நகருக்கு ஆயராக நியமிக்கப்பட்டு பணியாற்றச் சென்றார். தமது மறைமாவட்டத்தை இவர் சீர்திருத்த தொடங்கினார். இவர் செய்த முயற்சிகளால் திருச்சபை செழித்து ஓங்கியது. திருச்சபைக்கு இவர் பல நன்மைகள் செய்தார்.


நாட்டில் கொள்ளைநோய் பரவியபோது, இவர் தம் மக்களின் பாவங்களுக்காக கடவுள் மக்களைத் தண்டிக்கிறார் என்று நம்பி தம்மையே பலிபொருளாக கடவுளுக்கு ஒப்புக்கொடுத்தார். தவ ஊர்வலத்தின்போது தெருக்களில் வெறும் காலுடன் நடந்தார். தோளில் ஒரு சிலுவையை தூக்கிச் சென்றார். கழுத்தில் ஒரு கயிற்றை கட்டிக்கொள்வார்.


கல்லூரிகளும் குருமடங்களும் கட்டுவித்து அங்கு குருக்களுக்கு உதவியாக இருக்கும்படி சிறந்த நூல் நிலையம் ஒன்று ஏற்படுத்தினார். கொள்ளை நோய் காலத்தில் நோயாளிகளுடனும் மரண தருவாயில் இருந்தவர்களுடனும் தங்கி அவர்களுக்கு பேருதவி செய்யும்படி தமது உடைமைகளைக் கொடுத்தார்.


கி.பி. 1584ம் ஆண்டு, “மொண்டே வரல்லோ” (Monte Varallo) எனுமிடத்தில், தமது ஆண்டு தியானத்தின்போது, இடைவிடாத காய்ச்சல் மற்றும் மூப்படைதல் நோய்களில் வீழ்ந்த சார்லஸ் பொரோமியோ, மிலன் திரும்புகையில் இவரது நோய் வேகமாகவும் மோசமாகவும் அதிகரித்தது. இறுதி அருட்சாதனங்களைப் பெற்ற இவர், நவம்பர் நான்காம் தேதி, தமது 46 வயதில் அமைதியாக மரித்தார்.

Also known as

• Apostle to the Council of Trent

• Carlo Borromeo

• Father of the Clergy



Profile

Born to a wealthy, noble family, the third of six children, son of Count Giberto II Borromeo and Margherita de' Medici. Nephew of Pope Pius IV. Suffered with a speech impediment. Studied in Milan, and at the University of Pavia, studying at one point under the future Pope Gregory XIII. Civil and canon lawyer at age 21. Cleric at Milan, taking the habit on 13 October 1547. Abbot commendatario of San Felino e San Graziano abbey in Arona, Italy, on 20 November 1547. Abbot commendatario of San Silano di Romagnano abbey on 10 May 1558. Prior commendatario of San Maria di Calvenzano abbey on 8 December 1558. Protonotary apostolic participantium and referendary of the papal court to Pope Pius IV on 13 January 1560. Member of the counsulta for the administration of the Papal States on 22 January 1560. Appointed abbot commendatario of Nonatola, San Gallo di Moggio, Serravalle della Follina, San Stefano del Corno, an abbey in Portugal, and an abbey in Flanders, Belgium on 27 January 1560. Created cardinal on 31 January 1560 at age 22.


Apostolic administrator of Milan, Italy on 8 February 1560. Papal legate to Bologna and Romandiola for two years beginning on 26 April 1560. Deacon on 21 December 1560. Vatican Secretary of State. Governor of Civita Castellana,Italy in 1561. Governor of Ancona on 1 June 1561. Made an honorary citizen of Rome, Italy on 1 July 1561. Founded the Accademia Vaticana in 1562. Governor of Spoleto, Italy on 1 December 1562. Ordained on 4 September 1563. Helped re-open the Council of Trent, and participated in its sessions during 1562 and 1563. Named prince of Orta in 1563. Member of the Congregation of the Holy Office. Bishop of Milan on 7 December 1563. President of the commission of theologians charged by the pope to elaborate the Catechismus Romanus. Worked on the revision of the Missal and Breviary. Member of a commission to reform church music. Archbishop of Milan on 12 May 1564. Governor of Terracina, Italy on 3 June 1564. Archpriest of the patriarchal Liberian basilica in Rome in October 1564. Count of the Palatine in 1564. Prefect of the Tridentine Council from 1564 until September 1565. Papal legate in Bologna, Romandiola, legate a latere, and vicar general in spiritualibus of all Italy on 17 August 1565. Grand penitentiary on 7 November 1565. Participated in the conclave of cardinals in 1565 to 1566 that chose Pope Pius V; he asked the new pope to take the name. Protector of the Swiss Catholic cantons; he visited them all several times worked for the spiritual reform of both clergy and laymen. Due to his enforcement of strict ecclesiastical discipline, some disgruntled monks in the Order of the Humiliati hired a lay brother to murder him on the evening of 26 October 1569; he was shot at, but was not hit. Participated in the conclave in 1572 that chose Pope Gregory XIII. Member of the Apostolic Penitentiary in May 1572. Worked with the sick, and helped bury the dead during the plague outbreak in Milan in 1576. Established the Oblates of Saint Ambrose on 26 April 1578. Teacher, confessor and parish priest to Saint Aloysius Gonzaga, giving him his first communion on 22 July 1580. To help the Swiss Catholics he founded the Collegium Helveticum.


Saint Charles spent his life and fortune in the service of the people of his diocese. He directed and fervently enforced the decrees of the Council of Trent, fought tirelessly for peace in the wake of the storm caused by Martin Luther, founded schools for the poor, seminaries for clerics, hospitals for the sick, conducted synods, instituted children's Sunday school, did great public and private penance, and worked among the sick and dying, leading his people by example.


Born

morning of Wednesday 2 October 1538 in the castle at Aron, diocese of Novara, Italy


Died

• 8:30pm on 3 November 1584 of a fever at Milan, Italy

• his will named the Hospital Maggiore of Milan as his heir

• buried in the metropolitan cathedral of Milan

• relics transferred to a chapel built by Count Renato Borromeo in piazza San Maria Podone, Milan on 21 September 1751


Beatified

1602 by Pope Clement VIII


Canonized

1 November 1610 by Pope Paul V


Patronage

• against abdominal pain

• against colic

• against intestinal disorders

• against stomach diseases

• against ulcers

• apple orchards

• bishops

• catechists

• catechumens

• seminarians

• spiritual directors

• spiritual leaders

• starch makers

• 3 dioceses

• 3 Italian cities



Saint Felix of Valois


Also known as

Hugh of Valois



Profile

Son of Count Raoul de Vermandois et de Valois and Alienor de Champagne. As a child, Felix received the blessings of Saint Bernard of Clairvaux and Pope Innocent II. Educated at the abbey of Clairvaux. As a young man, following his parents' extremely disruptive divorce, he renounced his wealth and took the name Felix. Cistercian monk at Clairvaux. Hermit in the Italian Alps. Priest. Hermit in the forest of Galeresse, diocese of Meaux, France. Friend and spiritual teacher of Saint John of Matha. The two of the founded the Order of the Holy Trinity for the Redemption of Captives (Trinitarians; Redemptionists) in order to ransom Christians held as slaves by Moors in Spain and Northern Africa. The Order received papal approval on 17 December 1198, and within 40 years there were over 600 houses worldwide. Today there are around 600 members of the Order working in prison ministries in over twenty countries continuing over 800 years of ministry.


Born

April 1127 in the province of Valois, France as Hugh


Died

• 4 November 1212 at the Cerfroi monastery, Picardy, France of natural causes

• buried in the church in Cerfroi, which became a pilgrimage destination


Canonized

• 1 May 1262 by Pope Urban IV

• confirmed on 21 October 1666 by Pope Alexander VII

• feast day fixed in 1679 by Pope Innocent XI



Blessed Frances d'Amboise


Also known as

• Francisca de Amboise

• Françoise d'Amboise



Profile

Daughter of Louis d'Amboise, Viscount de Thouars, she grew up in the courts of Brittany. Duchess of Brittany, being married to Peter II, Duke of Britanny at age 15; she was betrothed to him at age four. It was not a happy marriage, and Peter sometimes abused her, but Frances softened Peter over the years, and he assisted in her charitable work. She established a Poor Clare convent at Nantes, France, and worked for the canonization of Saint Vincent Ferrer. Supported the Dominican convent at Nantes. Widowed in 1457, she devoted herself to religious life. Joined the Carmelite nuns at Bondon on 25 March 1468, making her final vows in 1469. Spiritual student of Blessed John Soreth. Worked in the infirmary for a while, and was elected prioress for life in 1473. Considered the foundress of the Carmelite nuns in France.


Born

28 September 1427 in Thouars, Deux-Sèvres, France


Died

• 4 November 1485 at Les Couêts, Nantes, France of natural causes while in a religious ecstasy

• miracles reported at her tomb

• her body had to be moved to save it during the Huguenot wars, and again in the French Revolution


Beatified

16 July 1863 by Pope Pius IX



Blessed Teresa Manganiello

அருளாளர் தெரசா மேங்கனல்லோ (1849-1876)


நவம்பர் 04


இவர் (#Bl_Theresa_Manganiello) தெற்கு இத்தாலியில் உள்ள ஒரு விவசாயக் குடும்பத்தில் பிறந்தவர்.



இவரது குடும்பத்தில் மொத்தம் பதினொரு பேர். அவர்களில் இவர்தான் கடைசிக் குழந்தை. இவரது பெற்றோரால் இவரைப் படிக்க வைக்க முடியவில்லை. அதனால் இவர் தோட்ட வேலைகளையும், வீட்டு வேலையையும் செய்து வந்தார். 


இவருக்குப் பதினெட்டு வயது நடக்கும் போது, இறைவன் தனது பணிக்கென அழைப்பதை இவர் உணர்ந்தார். இதனால் இவர் பிரான்சின் மூன்றாம் சபையில் சேர்ந்தார்.


இறைவேண்டலுக்கு மிகுந்த முக்கியத்துவம் கொடுத்து வாழ்ந்து வந்த இவர், ஒருநாள்கூடத் தவறாமல் கோயிலுக்குச் சென்று, திருப்பலி கண்டு வந்தார். இவர் தான் அனுபவித்த ஒவ்வொரு துன்பத்தையும் பாவிகளின் மனமாற்றத்திற்காக ஒப்புக் கொடுத்தார். திருச்சிலுவை ஆண்டவர்மீதும் இவர் மிகுந்த பற்றுக் கொண்டிருந்தார்.


தன்னை நாடி வந்த ஏழைகள், வறியவர்கள், நோயாளர்கள் ஆகியோருக்கு முகங்கோணாமல் இவர் உதவி செய்தார். மேலும் இவர் தன்னிடம் இருப்பதை இல்லாதவர்களோடு பகிர்ந்து கொண்டார். இத்தகைய பணிகள் தொடர்ந்து நடைபெற இவர்  Franciscan Immaculate Sisters என்ற துறவற சபையினைத் தோற்றுவித்தார்.


இப்படி மிகச் சிறிய வயதிலேயே இறையன்புக்கும் பிறரன்புக்கும் எடுத்துக்காட்டாக விளங்கிய இவர், 1876 ஆம் ஆண்டு இறையடி சேர்ந்தார். இவருக்குத் திருத்தந்தை பதினாறாம் பெனடிக்ட் அவர்களால் அருளாளர் பட்டம் கொடுக்கப்பட்டது.

Also known as

Maria Luisa Manganiello



Profile

Born to a farm family. Lifelong lay woman in the Diocese of Benevento, Italy. She was strongly drawn to the religious life, and became a Secular Franciscan Tertiary. Having received the blessing of Pope Blessed Pius IX for her project, Teresa was in the process of forming a new congregation when she died of a sudden illness. However, her work led to the creation of the Franciscan Immaculatine Sisters by Father Lodovico Acernese, and Teresa is considered the spiritual cornerstone of the congregation.


Born

1 January 1849 in Montefusco, Avellino, Italy


Died

4 November 1876 in Montefusco, Avellino, Italy of natural causes


Beatified

• 22 May 2010 by Pope Benedict XVI

• beatification recognition was celebrated at the Square of the Basilica of Madonna delle Grazie, Benevento, Italy, presided by Archbishop Angelo Amato



Saint John Zedazneli


Profile

Priest. Leader of a group of twelve 6th century Syrian monks who evangelized Georgia, and introduced the monastic life to the region. Said to have befriended the bears that lived near his hermitage, and to have found them friendlier than most of the natives!


His companions were Abibos Nekreseli, Anton Martmkofeli, David Garejeli, Zenon Ikaltoeli, Tadeoz of Stephantsminda, Ise of Tsilkani, Ioseb of Alaverdi, Isidore of Samtavno, Miqael of Ulompo, Piros of Breta, Stephane of Khirsa, and Shio of Mgvime, and the group was known as the Fathers of the Church in the region.


Born

at Mesopotamia near Antioch




Saint Philologus


Profile

A first century Christian in Rome greeted by name by Saint Paul the Apostle in the Epistle to the Romans.


Readings

Greet Asyncritus, Phlegon, Hermas, Patrobas, Hermes, and the brothers who are with them. Greet Philologus and Julia, Nereus and his sister, and Olympas, and all the saints who are with them. Greet one another with a holy kiss. All the churches of Christ greet you. But I beg you, brothers, to take note of those who cause dissensions and offenses contrary to the doctrine that you have learned, and to turn away from them. For ones such as these do not serve Christ our Lord, but their inner selves, and, through pleasing words and skillful speaking, they seduce the hearts of the innocent. - Romans 16:14-18



Saint Patrobas


Profile

A first century Christian in Rome greeted by name by Saint Paul the Apostle in the Epistle to the Romans.


Readings

Greet Asyncritus, Phlegon, Hermas, Patrobas, Hermes, and the brothers who are with them. Greet Philologus and Julia, Nereus and his sister, and Olympas, and all the saints who are with them. Greet one another with a holy kiss. All the churches of Christ greet you. But I beg you, brothers, to take note of those who cause dissensions and offenses contrary to the doctrine that you have learned, and to turn away from them. For ones such as these do not serve Christ our Lord, but their inner selves, and, through pleasing words and skillful speaking, they seduce the hearts of the innocent. - Romans 16:14-18



Saint Emeric of Hungary


Also known as

Americus, Emerick, Emmerich, Emmericus, Henricus



Profile

Born a prince, the son of Saint Stephen of Hungary. Spiritual student of Saint Gerard Sagredo. Married in 1022. Known for his personal piety and austerity.


Born

1007 in Veszprém, Hungary


Died

killed by a boar while hunting on 2 September 1031 in Hungary


Canonized

5 November 1083 by Pope Gregory VII




Saint Birstan


Also known as

Beorstan, Birnstan, Birrstan, Brinstan, Brynstan


Profile

Spiritual student of Saint Grimbald. Benedictine monk. Bishop of Winchester, England from 931 to 934. Known for his work with the poor, and his mission of praying for the dead; at one point the dead are reported to have responded "Amen". Founded the Hospital of Saint John in Winchester, which still exists today. Memory of him was lost for years until he appeared with Saint Birinus and Saint Swithun in a vision to Saint Ethelwold who spread the word that Birstan was in heavenly glory.


Born

c.870


Died

1 November 934 of natural causes while praying for the dead



Blessed Helen Enselmini


Also known as

Elena Enselmini



Profile

Became a Poor Clare nun at age 12, receiving the veil from Saint Francis of Assisi himself at Arcella. Had the gift of inedia, living solely off the Eucharist for months. Her health suffered in adulthood, and she was both blind and mute by her death.


Born

at Padua, Italy


Died

1242 of natural causes


Beatified

29 October 1695 by Pope Leo X and Pope Innocent XII (cultus confirmed)




Blessed Joan Antoni Burró Mas


Additional Memorial


30 July as one of the Martyred Hospitallers of Spain


Profile

Joined the Hospitallers of Saint John of God at age 14. Belonged to the community in Ciempozuelos, Madrid, Spain. Martyred in the Spanish Civil War.


Born

28 June 1914 in Barcelona, Spain


Died

4 November 1936 in Madrid, Spain


Beatified

25 October 1992 by Pope John Paul II



Saint Perpète


Also known as

Perpetuüs



Profile

Son of Count Ostierne. Bishop of Tongres, Belgium in 598.


Born

Dinant, Belgium


Died

• 4 November 617 of natural causes

• buried in the church of Saint Vincent

• relics later translated to the collegiate church of Notre Dame de Diant


Patronage

Dinant, Belgium



Saint Gregory of Burtscheid


Profile

Benedictine Basilian monk at Cerchiara, Calabria, Italy. Fled to Rome, Italy to escape invading Saracens. There he met and befriended Emperor Otto III who invited him to Germany and built for him a Benedictine abbey at Burtscheid near Aachen.



Died

999 at Burtscheid, Germany



Saint Amandus of Rodez


Also known as

Amand, Amans, Amantius, Amatius



Profile

Bishop of Rodez, France, an area that had begun to fall away from Christianity. His evangelism brought his parishioners back to the faith.


Died

c.440






Saint Clarus the Hermit


Also known as

Clair


Profile

Born to the English nobility. Priest. Hermit near Rouen, France. Martyr. The village where he was murdered is named for him.


Born

Rochester, England


Died

• murdered c.875 at Saint-Clair-sur-Epte, France

• relics in Saint-Clair-sur-Epte



Saint Pierius


Also known as

• Pierio

• The Younger Origen


Profile

Priest. Wrote a number of treatises on philosophy and theology. Director of the Catechetical School of Alexandria, Egypt. Noted preacher and teacher and scholar praised by Eusebius of Caesarea and Saint Jerome.


Died

309 - 310 in Rome, Italy of natural causes



Saint Proculus of Autun


Also known as

Proculo, Procule


Profile

Bishop of Autun, France c.520. As we know nothing else about him, many tales have attached to him over the years, none with historical foundation.


Died

Autun, Gaul (in modern France)



Saint Modesta of Trier


Also known as

Modesta of Ohren


Profile

Niece of Saint Modoald of Trier. Benedictine. First abbess of the convent of Oehren, Trier, Germany, appointed by Saint Modoald.


Died

c.680 of natural causes



Saint Clether


Also known as

Cleer, Clanis, Scledog, Clydog


Profile

Hermit on the banks of the river Never, then in the Inny valley in North Cornwall, England in an area now named for him.


Born

6th century Wales



Saint Nicander of Lycia


Profile

Bishop. Martyr.



Died

in Lycia, Asia Minor



Saint Hermas of Myra


Profile

Priest. Martyr.



Died

in Lycia, Asia Minor



Blessed Henry of Zweifalten


Profile

Benedictine monk at Zwiefalten, Swabia (in modern Germany). Prior of Ochsenhausen, Swabia.


Died

c.1250



Saint Gerard de Bazonches


Profile

Benedictine monk at Saint Aubin Monastery, Angers, France. Priest.


Died

1123



Saint Amandus of Avignon


Also known as

Amand, Amantius, Amatius


Profile

Bishop of Avignon, France.