தினசரி புனிதர்கள் தகவல் : Monday, July 26, 2021

26 July 2021

இன்றைய புனிதர்கள் ஜீலை 27

St. John Serapion

Feastday: July 27

St. Maximian, Malchus, Martinian, Dionysius, John Serapion, and Constantine "The Seven Sleepers" (Martyrs) July 27 A.D. 250 Having confessed the faith before the proconsul at Ephesus under Decius in 250, they were walled up together in a cave in which they had hid themselves, and there slept in the Lord. Some moderns, mistaking this expression, have imagined that they only lay asleep, till they were found in 479, under Theodosius the younger The truth seems to be, that their relics were then discovered. They are much honored by the Greeks, Syrians, and all the Oriental nations. Their relics were conveyed to Marseilles in a large stone coffin, which is still shown there in St. Victor s church. In the Museum Victorium at Rome is a factitious plaster or stone (made of sulphur melted with fire and mortar), formed in imitation of a large precious stone in which is cut a group of figures representing the Seven Sleepers with their names and near Constantine and John are exhibited two clubs; near Maximian a knotty club; near Malchus and Martinian two axes; near Serapion a burning torch, and near Danesius (whom others call Vionysius) a great nail. That large nails (clavi trabales, or such as were used in joining great rafters or beams in buildings) were made use of as instruments of torture is evident from St. Paulinus and Horace. From this ancient monument some infer that these martyrs were put to death by various torments, and that their bodies were only buried in the aforesaid cave. In this group of figures, these martyrs are represented all as very young, and without beards. In ancient Martyrologies and other writings they are frequently called boys. The cave in which their bodies were found became a place famous for devout pilgrimages, and is still shown to travelers, as James Spon testifies.

St. Constantine

Feastday: July 27

Bl. Titus Brandsma

✠ அருளாளர் டைடஸ் ப்ரேண்ட்ஸ்மா ✠

(Blessed Titus Brandsma)

மறைப்பணியாளர், குரு, மறைசாட்சி:

(Religious, Priest and Martyr)

பிறப்பு: ஃபெப்ரவரி 23, 1881

ஓகேக்ளூஸ்டர், ஃப்ரீஸ்லேண்ட், நெதர்லாந்து

(Oegeklooster, Friesland, Netherlands)

இறப்பு: ஜூலை 26, 1942 (வயது 61)

டச்சாவ் சித்திரவதை முகாம், பவரியா, ஜெர்மனி

(Dachau concentration camp, Bavaria, Germany)

ஏற்கும் சமயம்:

ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை

(Roman Catholic Church)

முக்திபேறு பட்டம்: நவம்பர் 3, 1985

திருத்தந்தை இரண்டாம் ஜான் பவுல்

(Pope John Paul II)

முக்கிய திருத்தலம்:

டைடஸ் ப்ரேண்ட்ஸ்மா, நினைவகம், நிஜ்மேகன், நெதர்லாந்து

(Titus Brandsma Memorial, Nijmegen, Netherlands)

நினைவுத் திருநாள்: ஜூலை 27

பாதுகாவல்:

கத்தோலிக்க பத்திரிகையாளர்கள், புகையிலைவாதிகள், ஃப்ரீஸ்லேண்ட் (Friesland)

அருளாளர் டைடஸ் ப்ரேண்ட்ஸ்மா, ஒரு டச்சு கார்மேல் சபை துறவியும் (Dutch Carmelite Friar), கத்தோலிக்க குருவும் (Catholic priest), தத்துவ ஞான சாஸ்திர (Professor of Philosophy) பேராசிரியருமாவார். நாஜி சித்தாந்தத்தை கடுமையாக எதிர்த்த இவர், இரண்டாம் உலகப் போருக்கு (Second World War) முன்னர் பலமுறை அதை எதிர்த்து வெளிப்படையாக பேசினார். தென்மேற்கு ஜெர்மனியின் (SouthWestern Germany) பவரியா (Bavaria) மாகாணத்திலுள்ள “டச்சாவ்” (Dachau) நகரிலுள்ள மிகவும் மோசமான சித்திரவதை முகாம் சிறையில் (Dachau concentration camp) அடைக்கப்பட்ட இவர், அங்கேயே மரித்தும் போனார். ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை, இவருக்கு விசுவாசத்தின் மறைசாட்சியாக (Martyr of the Faith) முக்திபேறு பட்டமளித்தது.

“அன்னோ ஸ்ஜோர்ட் ப்ரேண்ட்ஸ்மா” (Anno Sjoerd Brandsma) எனும் இயற்பெயர் கொண்ட இவருடைய தந்தையார் பெயர், “டைடஸ் ப்ரேண்ட்ஸ்மா” (Titus Brandsma) ஆகும். இவரது தாயாரின் பெயர், “ஜிட்ஸ் போஸ்ட்மா” (Tjitsje Postma) ஆகும். நெதர்லாந்து (Netherlands) நாட்டின் “ஃப்ரீஸ்லேண்ட்” (Friesland) மாகாணத்திலுள்ள “ஹர்ட்வர்ட்” (Hartwerd) கிராமத்தினருகேயுள்ள “ஓகேக்ளூஸ்டர்” (Oegeklooster) எனுமிடத்தில், கி.பி. 1881ம் ஆண்டு பிறந்தார்.

ஒரு சிறிய பால் பண்ணை நடத்தி வந்த அவருடைய பெற்றோர்கள், மிகவும் பக்திமிக்க கத்தோலிக்கர்களாக இருந்தனர். முக்கியமாக, கால்வினிஸ்ட் (Calvinist region) பிராந்தியத்தில் ஒரு சிறுபான்மை இன மக்களாக இருந்தனர். அவர்களது ஒரு மகளைத் தவிர, அவர்களது குழந்தைகள் அனைவரும் ஆன்மீக சபைகளில் இணைந்தனர்.

ஒரு சிறுவனாக, ப்ரேண்ட்ஸ்மா, ஃபிரான்சிஸ்கன் (Franciscan) சபையினர் நடத்தும் குருத்துவ படிப்புக்கான உயர்நிலை கல்வியை மேகன் (Megen) நகரிலுள்ள இளநிலை செமினாரி (Minor Seminary) பள்ளியில் கற்றார்.

ப்ரேண்ட்ஸ்மா, கி.பி. 1898ம் ஆண்டு, செப்டம்பர் மாதம், 17ம் நாளன்று, நெதர்லாந்தின் மேல் தென்கிழக்கு பிராந்தியத்திலுள்ள “பாக்ஸ்மீர்” (Boxmeer) நகரிலுள்ள கார்மேல் (Carmelite) துறவு மடத்தில், முதுமுக (Novitiate) பயிற்சியில் இணைந்தார். அங்கே, தமது தந்தையை கௌரவிக்கும் விதமாக, அவர் டைடஸ் (Titus) என்ற பெயரை தமது ஆன்மீகப் பெயரை ஏற்றுக்கொண்டார்.

கி.பி. 1905ம் ஆண்டு குருத்துவ அருட்பொழிவு பெற்ற ப்ரேண்ட்ஸ்மாவுக்கு, “கார்மேல் மாய அனுபவங்கள்” (Carmelite Mysticism) எனப்படும் “தியானத்தால் உண்மையையும் பரம்பொருளையும் காணலாம் என்ற நம்பிக்கையில்” சிறப்பான அனுபவமிருந்தது. இதன்காரணமாக இவருக்கு, 1909ம் ஆண்டு, ரோம் நகரில், தத்துவ அறிவியலுக்கான முனைவர் (Doctorate of Philosophy) பட்டமளிக்கப்பட்டது. அதன் பின்னர், அவர் நெதர்லாந்தின் பல்வேறு பள்ளிகளில் கற்பிக்க தொடங்கினார். 1916ம் ஆண்டுமுதல், “அவிலாவின் புனிதர் தெரேசா” (St. Teresa of Ávila) அவர்களின் படைப்புகளை டச்சு மொழியில் மொழிபெயர்ப்பதற்கான ஒரு திட்டத்தை ஆரம்பித்தார்.

“நிஜ்மேகன்” கத்தோலிக்க பல்கலைக்கழகத்தின் (தற்போது “ராட்பவுட்” (Radboud University) பல்கலைக்கழகம்) நிறுவனர்களுள் ஒருவரான, பிராண்ட்ஸ்மா 1923ம் ஆண்டு, பள்ளியில் “தத்துவம்” (Philosophy) மற்றும் “மாய அனுபவ வரலாறுகளின்” (History of Mysticism) பேராசிரியராகவும் ஆனார்.

ஒரு பத்திரிகையாளராகவும் பணிபுரிந்த ப்ரேண்ட்ஸ்மா, 1935ம் ஆண்டில் கத்தோலிக்க பத்திரிகையாளர்களுக்கான திருச்சபை ஆலோசகரும் ஆவார். அதே வருடம், விரிவுரையாளர் சுற்றுப்பயணத்தை அமெரிக்காவில் மேற்கொண்ட அவர், தமது சபையின் பல்வேறு நிறுவனங்களில் உரையாற்றினார்.

1940ம் ஆண்டு, மே மாதம், ஹிட்லரின் நாஜிக்கள் (Third Reich) நெதர்லாந்தில் படையெடுத்ததன் பின்னர், நாஜிக்களின் சித்தாந்தங்களை பரப்புவதற்கு எதிராகவும், கல்வி மற்றும் பத்திரிகை சுதந்திரத்திற்காகவும் போராட்டங்கள் நடத்திய காரணத்தால், நாஜிக்களின் கவனம் அவர்மீது திரும்பியது.

1942ம் ஆண்டு, ஜனவரி மாதம், ‘அதிகாரப்பூர்வ நாஜி ஆவணங்களை அச்சிட வேண்டாம்’ என்று “டச்சு ஆயர்கள் பேரவையால்” கட்டளையிடப்பட்டிருந்த ஒரு கடிதத்தை, கத்தோலிக்க செய்தித்தாள்களின் ஆசிரியர்களிடம் கையளித்தார். இது ஜேர்மன் ஆக்கிரமிப்பாளர்களால் ஒரு புதிய சட்டத்தின் கீழ் தேவைப்பட்டிருந்தது. அதே மாதம், 19ம் தேதி, “பாக்ஸ்மீர்” (Boxmeer) துறவு மடத்தில் வைத்து அவர் கைது செய்யப்படுவதற்கு முன்னர், அவர் 14 பத்திரிக்கை ஆசிரியர்களை சந்தித்திருந்தார்.

“ஸ்செவெனிங்கென்” (Scheveningen), “அமர்ஸ்ஃபூர்ட்” (Amersfoort), மற்றும் “க்லீவ்ஸ்” (Cleves) ஆகிய இடங்களில் சிறை வைக்கப்பட்ட பின்னர், பிராண்ட்ஸ்மா “டச்சாவ்” சித்திரவதை முகாமிற்கு (Dachau Concentration Camp) மாற்றப்பட்டு, ஜூன் மாதம், 19ம் தேதி, அங்கே வந்து சேர்ந்தார். அவரது உடல்நிலை விரைவாக மோசமடைந்தது. அவர் முகாம் மருத்துவமனைக்கு மாற்றப்பட்டார். 1942ம் ஆண்டு, ஜூலை மாதம், 26ம் தேதி, “அல்ஜமேயின்” (Allgemeine SS) எனப்படும் நாஜிக்களின் அதிதீவிர படையைச் சேர்ந்த செவிலியர் ஒருவர், அவர்கள் மனிதர்கள் மேல் நடத்தும் மருத்துவ பரிசோதனைகளின் (Program of Medical Experimentation) அடிப்படையில், ப்ரேண்ட்ஸ்மாவுக்கு போட்ட விஷ ஊசி காரணமாக அவர் மரணமடைந்தார்.

ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபையில் ஒரு மறைசாட்சியாக மதிக்கப்படும் ப்ரேண்ட்ஸ்மாவுக்கு, 1985ம் ஆண்டு, நவம்பர் மாதம், திருத்தந்தை இரண்டாம் ஜான் பவுல் (Pope John Paul II) அவர்களால் முக்திபேறு பட்டமளிக்கப்பட்டது.

Feastday: July 27

Patron: of Catholic journalists, tobacconists, Friesland

Birth: 1881

Death: 1942

Beatified: Pope John Paul II

Carmelite martyr who died at the hands of the Nazis. He was born in Bolsward in the Netherlands. Becoming a Carmelite as a young man, he displayed a dazzling intellect and scholarship, receiving ordination as a priest in 1905 and earning a doctorate in philosophy at Rome. Titus then taught in Dutch universities and lectured in many countries on Carmelite spirituality and mysticism. lie also served as rector magnificus at the Catholic University of Nijmegen. In 1935 he became an ecclesiastical advisor to Catholic journalists. His academic and spiritual studies were also printed and widely read. When the Nazis occupied the Netherlands,Titus was singled out as an enemy because he fought against the spread of Nazism in Europe. Arrested, Titus was sent to various concentration camps where he demonstrated charity and concern. In 1942, he was martyred in Dachau. Titus was beatified by Pope John Paul II on November 3, 1985.

Titus Brandsma (23 February 1881 – 26 July 1942), was a Dutch Carmelite friar, Catholic priest and professor of philosophy. Brandsma was vehemently opposed to Nazi ideology and spoke out against it many times before the Second World War. He was imprisoned in the infamous Dachau concentration camp, where he was murdered. He has been beatified by the Roman Catholic Church as a martyr of the faith.

Early life

Brandsma was born Anno Sjoerd Brandsma to Titus Brandsma (died 1920) and his wife Tjitsje Postma (died 1933) at Oegeklooster, near Hartwerd, in the Province of Friesland, in 1881.[1] His parents, who ran a small dairy farm, were devout and committed Catholics, a minority in a predominantly-Calvinist region. With the exception of one daughter, all of their children (three daughters and two sons) entered religious orders.

The grounds of the Franciscan friary in Megen where Brandsma did his high school studies

From the age of 11, Brandsma pursued his secondary studies in the town of Megen, at a Franciscan-run minor seminary for boys considering a priestly or religious vocation.

Carmelite friar

Brandsma entered the novitiate of the Carmelite friars in Boxmeer on 17 September 1898, where he took the religious name Titus (in honor of his father) by which he is now known. He professed his first vows in October 1899.

Ordained a priest in 1905, Brandsma was knowledgeable in Carmelite mysticism and was awarded a doctorate of philosophy at Rome in 1909. From 1909 to 1923 he lived in Oss and worked as a writer and teacher.[6] From 1916 on, he initiated and led a project to translate the works of Teresa of Ávila into Dutch.[7] In 1919 he founded and for two years acted as head of a secondary school in Oss—the present day Titus Brandsma Lyceum.

In 1921 Brandsma worked to resolve a controversy concerning Belgian artist Albert Servaes' depiction of the Stations of the Cross. From this came his series of meditations on each of the 14 stations.[9]

One of the founders of the Catholic University of Nijmegen (now Radboud University), Brandsma became a professor of philosophy and the history of mysticism at the school in 1923. He later served as Rector Magnificus (1932–33).[10] He was noted for his constant availability to everyone, rather than for his scholarly work as a professor. Brandsma also worked as a journalist and was the ecclesiastical adviser to Catholic journalists by 1935. That same year he traveled for a lecture tour of the United States and Canada, speaking at various institutions of his Order.[2] On the occasion of his visit to a Carmelite seminary in Niagara Falls, Ontario, Brandsma wrote of the falls, "I not only see the riches of the nature of the water, its immeasurable potentiality; I see God working in the work of his hands and the manifestation of his love."

Imprisonment and death

After the invasion of the Netherlands by the Third Reich in May 1940, Brandsma's long-term fight against the spread of Nazi ideology and for educational and press freedom brought him to the attention of the Nazis.

In January 1942 he undertook to deliver by hand a letter from the Conference of Dutch Bishops to the editors of Catholic newspapers in which the bishops ordered them not to print official Nazi documents, as was required under a new law by the German occupiers. He had visited fourteen editors before being arrested on 19 January at the Boxmeer monastery.

After being held prisoner in Scheveningen, Amersfoort, and Cleves, Brandsma was transferred to the Dachau concentration camp, arriving there on 19 June. His health quickly gave way, and he was transferred to the camp hospital. He died on 26 July 1942, from a lethal injection administered by a nurse of the Allgemeine SS, as part of their program of medical experimentation on the prisoners.

Legacy

Statue of Titus Brandsma on the grounds of Radboud University, Nijmegen

Brandsma is honored as a martyr within the Roman Catholic Church. He was beatified in November 1985 by Pope John Paul II. His feast day is observed within the Carmelite Order on 27 July.

In 2005 Brandsma was chosen by the inhabitants of Nijmegen as the greatest citizen to have lived there. A memorial church now stands in the city dedicated to him.

Brandsma's studies on mysticism was the basis for the establishment in 1968 of the Titus Brandsma Institute in Nijmegen, dedicated to the study of spirituality. It is a collaboration between the Dutch Carmelite friars and Radboud University Nijmegen.

In his biography of Brandsma, The Man behind the Myth, Dutch journalist Ton Crijnen claims that Brandsma's character consisted of some vanity, a short temper, extreme energy, political innocence, true charity, unpretentious piety, thorough decisiveness, and great personal courage. His ideas were very much those of his own age and modern as well. He offset contemporary Catholicism's negative theological opinion about Judaism with a strong disaffection for any kind of Antisemitism in Hitler's Germany.[15] Brandsma was honoured by the city of Dachau with a street adjoining the former camp, albeit one of the narrowest streets in the town.

St. Dionysius

Feastday: July 27

St. Etherius

Feastday: July 27

Bishop of Auxerre, France, from 563 until his death. He was a staunch promoter of monastic expansion and defended the Church against secular interference.

St. Hermolaus

Feastday: July 27

Death: 305

Martyr with Hermippus and Hermocrates. Hermolaus was an elderly priest who converted St. Pantaleon. Hermippus and Hermocrates were brothers.

For other people with the same name, see Pantaleon (disambiguation).

Saint Pantaleon (Greek: Παντελεήμων, Russian: Пантелеи́мон, romanized: Panteleímon; "all-compassionate"), counted in the West among the late-medieval Fourteen Holy Helpers and in the East as one of the Holy Unmercenary Healers, was a martyr of Nicomedia in Bithynia during the Diocletianic Persecution of 305 AD.

Though there is evidence to suggest that a martyr named Pantaleon existed, some consider the stories of his life and death to be purely legendary.

Life of Pantaleon

According to the martyrologies, Pantaleon was the son of a rich pagan, Eustorgius of Nicomedia, and had been instructed in Christianity by his Christian mother, Saint Eubula; however, after her death he fell away from the Christian church, while he studied medicine with a renowned physician Euphrosinos; under the patronage of Euphrosinos he became physician to the emperor, Galerius.

St Pantaleon on a tenth-century Byzantine ceramic tile in the State Historical Museum, Moscow

The Church of St. Panteleimon in Gorno Nerezi, Skopje, North Macedonia

Church of St. Panteleimon, built in 1735–1739, is one of the oldest in St. Petersburg

He lost to Christianity by Saint Hermolaus (characterized as a bishop of the church at Nicomedia in the later literature), who convinced him that Christ was the better physician, signalling the significance of the exemplum of Pantaleon that faith is to be trusted over medical advice.

St. Alphonsus Liguori wrote regarding this incident:

He studied medicine with such success, that the Emperor Maximian appointed him his physician. One day as our saint was discoursing with a holy priest named Hermolaus, the latter, after praising the study of medicine, concluded thus: "But, my friend, of what use are all thy acquirements in this art, since thou art ignorant of the science of salvation?

By miraculously healing a blind man by invoking the name of Jesus over him, Pantaleon converted his father, upon whose death he came into possession of a large fortune. He freed his slaves and, distributing his wealth among the poor, developed a great reputation in Nicomedia. Envious colleagues denounced him to the emperor during the Diocletian persecution. The emperor wished to save him and sought to persuade him to apostasy. Pantaleon, however, openly confessed his faith, and as proof that Christ was the true God, he healed a paralytic. Notwithstanding this, he was condemned to death by the emperor, who regarded the miracle as an exhibition of magic.

According to the legend, Pantaleon's flesh was first burned with torches, whereupon Christ appeared to all in the form of Hermolaus to strengthen and heal Pantaleon. The torches were extinguished. Then a bath of molten lead was prepared; when the apparition of Christ stepped into the cauldron with him, the fire went out and the lead became cold. Pantaleon was now thrown into the sea, loaded with a great stone, which floated. He was thrown to wild beasts, but these fawned upon him and could not be forced away until he had blessed them. He was bound on the wheel, but the ropes snapped, and the wheel broke. An attempt was made to behead him, but the sword bent, and the executioners were converted to Christianity.

Pantaleon implored Heaven to forgive them, for which reason he also received the name of Panteleimon ("mercy for everyone" or "all-compassionate"). It was not until he himself desired it that it was possible to behead him, upon which there issued forth blood and a white liquid like milk.

St. Alphonsus wrote:

At Ravello, a city in the kingdom of Naples, there is a vial of his blood, which becomes blood every year [on his feastday], and may be seen in this state interspersed with the milk, as I, the author of this work, have seen it.

Early veneration

The vitae containing these miraculous features are all late in date and "valueless" according to the Catholic Encyclopedia.[7] Yet the fact of his martyrdom itself seems to be supported by a veneration for which there is testimony in the 5th century, among others in a sermon on the martyrs by Theodoret (died c. 457);[8] Procopius of Caesarea (died c. 565?), writing on the churches and shrines constructed by Justinian I[9] tells that the emperor rebuilt the shrine to Pantaleon at Nicomedia; and there is mention of Pantaleon in the Martyrologium Hieronymianum.[10]

Veneration in the East

Panteleimon, is shown here with a lancet in his right hand. This tile probably formed a frieze on a church wall or altar screen.[11] The Walters Art Museum.

The Eastern tradition concerning Pantaleon follows more or less the medieval Western hagiography, but lacks any mention of a visible apparition of Christ.[dubious – discuss] It states instead that Hermolaus was still alive while Pantaleon's torture was under way, but was martyred himself only shortly before Pantaleon's beheading along with two companions, Hermippas and Thermocrates. The saint is canonically depicted as a beardless young man with a full head of curly hair.

Pantaleon's relics, venerated at Nicomedia, were transferred to Constantinople. Numerous churches, shrines, and monasteries have been named for him; in the West most often as St. Pantaleon and in the East as St. Panteleimon; to him is consecrated the St. Panteleimon Monastery at Mount Athos, Agios Panteleimon Monastery in Crete, St Panteleimon monastery in Myrtou, Cyprus, and the 12th-century Church of St. Panteleimon in Gorno Nerezi, North Macedonia.

Armenians believe that the Amaras Monastery in Nagorno Karabakh contains relics of St. Pantaleon, who was venerated in eastern provinces of Armenia.

Veneration in Western Europe

After the Black Death of the mid-14th century in Western Europe, as a patron saint of physicians and midwives, he came to be regarded as one of the fourteen guardian martyrs, the Fourteen Holy Helpers. Relics of the saint are found at Saint Denis at Paris; his head is venerated at Lyon. A Romanesque church was dedicated to him in Cologne in the 9th century at the latest.

England

In the British Library there is a surviving manuscript, written in Old English, of The Life of St Pantaleon (British Library, MS Cotton Vitellius D XVII), dating from the early eleventh century, possibly written for Abbot Ælfric of Eynsham.[12] The Canons' Vestry off the south transept of Chichester Cathedral was formerly a square-plan chapel dedicated to Saint Pantaleon - it was possibly under construction just before the cathedral's great fire of 1187.[13]

France

In France, he was depicted in a window in Chartres Cathedral.[5] In southern France there are six communes under the protective name of Saint-Pantaléon. Though there are individual churches consecrated to him elsewhere, there are no communes named for him in the north or northwest of France. The six are:

Saint-Pantaléon, in the Lot département, Midi-Pyrénées

Saint-Pantaléon, in the Vaucluse département, Provence - a wine-growing village

Saint-Pantaléon-de-Lapleau, in the Corrèze département, Limousin

Saint-Pantaléon-de-Larche, in the Corrèze département, at the border of Périgord and Quercy

Saint-Pantaléon-les-Vignes, in the Drôme département, Rhône-Alpes – a wine-growing village[14] that is part of the Côtes du Rhône vinyard region

Saint-Pantaléon, in the Saône-et-Loire département, Bourgogne – administratively linked to Autun, bishopric see

Germany

In Cologne a 10th Century Romanesque church, partly built by the daughter of the Byzantine emperor, Theophanu, who married the Holy Roman Emperor Otto II in 972

Saint Pantaleon, in Cologne

At the Basilica of the Vierzehnheiligen near Staffelstein in Franconia, St. Pantaleon is venerated with his hands nailed to his head, reflecting another legend about his death.

Italy

In Italy, Pantaleon gives favourable lottery numbers, victories and winners in dreams.[15] A phial containing some of his blood was long preserved at Ravello.[5] On the feast day of the saint, the blood was said to become fluid and to bubble (compare Saint Januarius). Paolo Veronese's painting of Pantaleon can be found in the church of San Pantalon in Venice; it shows the saint healing a child. Another painting of Pantaleon by Fumiani is also in the same church.[5] He was depicted in an 8th-century fresco in Santa Maria Antiqua in Rome, and in a 10th-century cycle of pictures in the crypt of San Crisogono in Rome.[5] In Calabria, there is a small town named Papanice, after Pantaleon. Each year on his feast day, a statue of the saint is carried through the town to give a blessing for all those who seek it.

San Pantaleone or Pantalone was a popular saint in Venice, and he therefore gave his name to a character in the commedia dell'arte, Pantalone, a silly, wizened old man (Shakespeare's "lean and slippered Pantaloon") who was a caricature of Venetians. This character was portrayed as wearing trousers rather than knee breeches, and so became the origin of the name of a type of trouser called "pantaloons," which was later shortened to "pants".

Portugal

Saint Pantaleon (São Pantaleão in Portuguese) is one of the patron saints of the city of Porto in Portugal,[17] together with John the Baptist and Our Lady of Vendome. Part of his relics were brought by Armenian refugees to the city after the Turkish occupation of Constantinople in 1453.[18] Later, in 1499, these relics were transferred from the Church of Saint Peter of Miragaia to the cathedral, where they have been kept to this day.

Eponym

Portuguese explorer Bartolomeu Dias, the first European known to have sailed around the Cape of Good Hope, took a ship named São Pantaleão on that expedition.

The Russian battleship Potemkin was renamed Panteleimon after her recovery after the mutiny of 1905

St. Pantaleon is the eponym of the character Pantalaimon in Philip Pullman's His Dark Materials series of novels

St. Malchus

Feastday: July 27

St. Martinian

Feastday: July 27

St. Maximaian

Feastday: July 27

Bl. Rudolf Aquaviva

முத்திபேறுபெற்ற ரூடோல்ப் அக்வாவிவா (St.Rudolf Akvaviva)

குரு

பிறப்பு

1550

இத்தாலி

இறப்பு

25 ஜூலை 1583

சால்சட் தீவு(Salset), இந்தியா

முத்திபேறுபட்டம்: 03 ஏப்ரல் 1803 திருத்தந்தை 13ஆம் சிங்கராயர்(Leo XIII)

இவர் ஓர் பிரபு குலத்தில் பிறந்தவர். இவரின் பெற்றோர்கள் ஏழைகளுக்கும், நோயாளிகளுக்கும் ஏராளமான உதவிகளை செய்தனர். இதனால் ரூடோல்ப்பும் அப்பணியில் கவரப்பட்டு, ஏழைகளுக்கென்று தன் வாழ்வை அர்ப்பணித்தார். சமூகப்பணிகளிலும், ஆலயப்பணிகளிலும் தன் நேரங்களைக் கழித்தார். சிறுவயதிலிருந்தே பூசைஉதவி செய்வதற்கு தவறமாட்டார். ஞானக்காரியங்களில் அக்கறையோடு ஈடுபட்டார். தான் ஓர் குருவாக வேண்டுமென்று ஆசைக்கொண்டு, இயேசு சபையில் சேர்ந்தார். 1578 ஆம் ஆண்டு குருப்பட்டம் பெற்றார். சில நாட்கள் இத்தாலியில் பணிசெய்தபின் இந்தியாவிற்கு அனுப்பப்பட்டார். அங்கு ஓரளவு மக்களை தெரிந்துகொண்டபின், இந்திய கலாச்சாரத்தால் கவரப்பட்டார். இதனால் அம்மக்களுக்கு ஏதாவது உதவிகள் செய்ய வேண்டுமென்று ஆசைகொண்டார். அப்போது கோவாவில் இருந்த புனித பவுல் கல்லூரியில் கற்று கொடுக்கும் பணியில் ஈடுபட்டார்.

இவர் சாதி, மதம் பாராமல் அனைத்து தர மக்களையும் ஒன்றிணைத்து கிறிஸ்துவைப்பற்றி போதித்தார். அப்போது இந்தியாவை ஆட்சி செய்த முகமதிய அரசனிடம் மிகுந்த நட்புறவு கொண்டிருந்தார். அரசனின் அன்பையும், நன்மதிப்பையும் பெற்று, தொடர்ந்து அரசவையிலும், நாடு முழுவதிலும் நற்செய்தியை போதித்தார். பின்னர் இயேசு சபை குருக்களால் சால்செட் தீவுக்கு அனுப்பப்பட்டார். அத்தீவில் பணிசெய்யும்போது இந்து மக்களிடமிருந்து பலவிதமான எதிர்ப்புகளை சந்தித்தார். பல இந்துக்களும் ஒன்று சேர்ந்து ஆலயங்களையும் பள்ளிக்கூடங்களையும் இடித்து தரைமட்டமாக்கினார்கள். அச்சமயத்தில் ஆலயத்தில் திருப்பலி நிறைவேற்றிகொண்டிருக்கும் வேளையில் ஆலயம் இடிக்கப்பட்டு அம்மக்களோடு சேர்ந்து ரூடோல்ப் அவர்களும் இறந்து போனார்.

Feastday: July 27

Blessed Aquaviva and his Companions were Jesuit priests. He was the son of the Duke of Atri, related to the family of St. Aloysius Gonzaga, and nephew of Claud Aquaviva, the fifth general of the Jesuits. He was admitted at the age of eighteen, in 1568, and after being ordained priest at Lisbon was sent to Goa, in India. Father Aquaviva was one of the two chosen for the mission at Fatehpur Sikri, near Agra, and he worked till 1583 in strenuous efforts to convert Akbar and his subjects, but had no success. He was then put in charge of the Salsette mission, north of Bombay. He and four companions, Father Pacheco, Father Berno, Father Francisco and Brother Aranha, together with other Christians, set out for Cuncolim, the heart of Hindu opposition in that mission, intending to choose there a piece of ground for a church and to plant a cross thereon. They were met with armed force by the villagers. Blessed Rudolf and Blessed Alfonso were killed praying for their murderers, and the other two priests were likewise slain outright. Blessed Francis was left for dead, but found living the next day; he was given a chance to venerate an idol, and on refusing was tied to a tree and shot with arrows. It was not till 1741 that Pope Benedict XIV declared the martyrdom proved, and even then the formal beatification did not take place till 1893. Their feast day is July 27th.

Blessed Maria of the Passion of Our Lord Jesus Christ

Also known as

Maria Grazia Tarallo

Profile

Born to Leopoldo Tarallo and Concetta Borriello, Maria was raised in a pious family, and received a Christian education. She made a private vow of virginity at age five in front of a statue of the Blessed Mother. Made her First Communion at age 7, and received Confirmation at 10. Feeling drawn to religious life, at 22 she wanted to enter a convent, but her family opposed it, hoping she would marry; however, the young man who had proposed to her died before the wedding. She then entered the monastery of the Sisters Crucified Adorers of the Eucharist in Barra, Italy on 1 June 1891, taking the name Sister Maria of the Passion. Spiritual student of the Servant of God Maria Rosa Notari. Served as novice mistress and as spiritual guide to her sisters, worked in the kitchen and laundry, and as porter. Known for her life of charity, deep prayer, and devotion to her Congregation and the Eucharist.

Born

23 September 1866 in Barra, Naples, Italy as Maria Grazia Tarallo

Died

27 July 1912 at Giorgio a Cremano, Naples, Italy of natural causes

Beatified

14 May 2006 by Pope Benedict XVI

Pope Saint Celestine I

✠ புனிதர் முதலாம் செலஸ்டின் ✠

(St. Celestine I)

43ம் திருத்தந்தை:

(43rd Pope)

ஆட்சி துவக்கம்: செப்டம்பர் 10, 422

ஆட்சி முடிவு: ஜுலை 26, 432

முன்னிருந்தவர்:

திருத்தந்தை முதலாம் போனிஃபாஸ்

(Pope Boniface I)

பின்வந்தவர்:

திருத்தந்தை மூன்றாம் சிக்ஸ்துஸ்

(Pope Sixtus III)

பிறப்பு: ----

ரோம், மேற்கு ரோமானியப் பேரரசு

(Rome, the Western Roman Empire)

இறப்பு: ஆகஸ்ட் 1, 432

ஏற்கும் சமயம்:

கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை

(Catholic Church)

கிழக்கு மரபுவழி திருச்சபை

(Eastern Orthodox Church)

ஓரியண்டல் மரபுவழி திருச்சபை

(Oriental Orthodoxy)

நினைவுத் திருநாள்: ஜூலை 27

திருத்தந்தை புனித முதலாம் செலஸ்தீன், கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபையின் 43ம் திருத்தந்தையாக கி.பி. 422ம் ஆண்டு, செப்டம்பர் மாதம், 10ம் நாள் முதல், கி.பி. 432ம் ஆண்டு, ஜுலை மாதம், 26ம் நாள் வரை பணியாற்றினார். அவரது ஆட்சிக்காலம் நவம்பர் மாதம், 3ம் நாள் தொடங்கியதாக "திருத்தந்தையர் நூல்" (Liber Pontificalis) என்னும் நூல் கூறினாலும், தில்லெமோன் போன்ற வரலாற்றாசியர்கள் கருத்துப்படி செலஸ்தீனின் ஆட்சி தொடக்கம் செப்டம்பர் மாதம், 10ம் நாள் ஆகும்.

வரலாற்று ஆதாரங்கள்:

திருத்தந்தை முதலாம் செலஸ்தீன், ரோம பேரரசின் கம்பானியா (Campania) என்னும் பிரதேசத்தில் பிறந்தவர். அவருடைய தந்தை பெயர் பிரிஸ்குஸ் (Priscus) ஆகும். அவர் சிறிது காலம் மிலான் (Milan) நகரில் புனித அகுஸ்தீனோடு (St. Ambrose) வாழ்ந்ததாகத் தெரிகிறது. அகுஸ்தீன், செலஸ்தீனுக்கு எழுதிய ஒரு கடிதம் உள்ளது. திருத்தந்தை முதலாம் இன்னசென்ட் (Pope Innocent I) கி.பி. 416ம் ஆண்டு, எழுதிய ஓர் ஆவணத்தில் "திருத்தொண்டர் செலஸ்தீன்" (Celestine the Deacon) என்று இவரைக் குறிப்பிட்டுள்ளார்.

செலஸ்தீனின் ஆட்சி:

திருத்தந்தை செலஸ்தீன் திருவழிபாட்டில் சில பகுதிகளை ஆக்கியதாகத் தெரிகிறது. ஆயினும் இதுபற்றி உறுதியான செய்தி இல்லை. கி.பி. 431ம் ஆண்டு நிகழ்ந்த எபேசுஸ் பொதுச்சங்கத்தில் அவர் நேரடியாகக் கலந்துகொள்ளாவிடினும் அதில் பங்கேற்க பதிலாள்களை அனுப்பினார். அச்சங்கத்தில் நெஸ்தோரியர்களின் தப்பறைக் கொள்கை கண்டிக்கப்பட்டது. அத்தருணத்தில் அவர் எழுதிய நான்கு மடல்கள் கி.பி. 431ம் ஆண்டு, மார்ச்சு மாதம், 15ம் நாள், என்னும் தேதியைக் கொண்டுள்ளன. அம்மடல்கள் ஆப்பிரிக்கா (Africa), இல்லீரியா (Illyria), தெசலோனிக்கா (Thessalonica) மற்றும் நார்போன் (Narbonne) என்னும் பகுதிகளில் ஆண்ட ஆயர்களுக்கு (African Bishops) எழுதப்பட்டவை. இலத்தீன் (Latin) மொழியில் எழுதப்பட்ட அம்மடல்களின் கிரேக்க (Greek) மொழிபெயர்ப்பு கிடைத்துள்ளது. மூல ஏடு கிடைக்கவில்லை.

மறைபரப்புப் பணி:

செலஸ்தீன் கத்தோலிக்க கிறிஸ்தவ கொள்கைகளைப் பாதுகாப்பதில் தீவிரம் காட்டினார். "பெலாஜியநிஸம்" (Pelagianism) என்ற தவறான கொள்கையை அவர் கண்டித்தார். மேலும் அயர்லாந்து (Ireland) நாட்டில் கிறித்தவத்தைப் பரப்புவதற்காக பல்லாதியுஸ் (Palladius) என்பவரை அனுப்பிவைத்தார். அவரைத் தொடர்ந்து அயர்லாந்தில் கிறித்தவ மறையை அறிவிக்கச் சென்றவரே புனித பேட்ரிக் (Saint Patrick) ஆவார்.

உரோமையில் நோவாசியன் (Novatians) என்பவர் போதித்த தவறான கொள்கைகளையும் செலஸ்தீன் கண்டித்தார்.

இறப்பு:

திருத்தந்தை முதலாம் செலஸ்தீன் கி.பி. 432ம் ஆண்டு, ஜுலை மாதம், 26ம் நாள் உயிர்துறந்தார். அவரது உடல் உரோமை சலாரியா (Via Salaria) வீதியில் அமைந்த புனித பிரிசில்லா (St. Priscilla) சுரங்கக் கல்லறையில் அடக்கம் செய்யப்பட்டது. பின்னர் அது புனித பிரசேதே (Basilica di Santa Prassede) கோவிலுக்கு மாற்றப்பட்டது.

கலை உருவில்:

புனித முதலாம் செலஸ்தீன் உருவப்படத்தில் ஒரு புறா, பறவைநாகம், தீப்பிழம்பு போன்றவை உருவகமாகச் சித்தரிக்கப்படுவது வழக்கம். உரோமைத் திருச்சபையும், கீழைத் திருச்சபையும் இவரை ஒரு புனிதராகக் கருதி வணக்கம் செலுத்துகின்றன.

Profile

Son of Priscus. May have been related to Emperor Valentinian. May have worked with Saint Ambrose of Milan. Deacon in Rome, Italy in 416. Almost nothing else is known about Celestine before his unanimous election as 43rd pope.

Ordered the bishops of Vienne and Narbonne in Gaul to correct doctrinal errors and abuses. He sent Saint Germanus of Auxerre to Britain to oppose Pelagianism in 429, and later wrote a treatise himself against semi-Pelagianism. Opposed the Manichaeans, Donatists, Noviatians whose heresies were spreading. Convened a council in Rome in 430, sent legates to the General Council of Ephesus in 431 to condemn Nestorianism, excommunicated Nestorius and deposed him. Dispatched Palladius to evangelize Ireland in 431.

Friend of and correspondent with Saint Augustine of Hippo; their letters indicate that Rome was the final authority for theology in the 5th century. Restored the basilica of Saint Mary Travestere after it had been damaged in Alaric's sack of Rome. He worked to reform the clergy of Gaul, and ordered that absolution should never be denied to the dying who were sincere in their repentance.

Born

Campania, Italy

Papal Ascension

20 September 422

Died

• 27 July 432 in Rome, Italy of natural causes

• buried in the cemetery of Priscilla in Rome

• his tomb is decorated with painted scenes of the Council of Ephesus

• relics translated to the church of Saint Praxedes on 820

Saint Panteleon

Also known as

Panteleimon, Pantaleon

Profile

Christian physician to emperor Maximian. Life-long layman and bachelor. At one point he abandoned his faith, and fell in with a worldly and idolatrous crowd. However, he was eventually overcome with grief, and with the help of the priest Hermolaus, he returned to the Church. Brought his father to the faith. Gave his fortune to the poor, treated them medically, and never charged. Some of his cures were miraculous, being accomplished by prayer.

Denounced to the anti-Christian authorities by other doctors during the persections of Diocletian. At trial he offered a contest to see whose prayers would cure the incurable - his or the pagan priests'. The pagans failed to help the man, a palsied paralytic, but Pantaleon cured the man by mentioning the name Jesus. Many of the witnesses converted.

The authorities tried to bribe him to denounce the faith, but failed. They then threatened him; that failed. They followed up the threats with torture. When that failed, he was executed. Martyr. One of the Fourteen Holy Helpers.

Died

• nailed to a tree and beheaded c.305

• a phial of his blood is preserved at Constantinople, and is reported to become liquid and bubble on his feast day

• some relics enshrined at the church of Saint Denis in Paris, France

• some relics enshrined at Lyons, France

Patronage

• against consumption or tuberculosis

• bachelors

• doctors, physicians

• midwives

• torture victims

Saint Simeon Stylites

Also known as

Simeon Stylites the Elder

Profile

Son of a poor shepherd, and worked as a shepherd as a child. A would-be monk at age 13, he was turned away from monasteries because his severe self-imposed penances. Tired of the gossip and arguments from fellow religious, he lived as a hermit on top of a column, occasionally preaching to those who gathered to watch and pray with him, and starting a movement of pillar-living among Eastern hermits.

Born

c.390 at Cilicia, near Syria

Died

c.459 of natural causes

Patronage

shepherds

Seven Sleepers of Ephesus

Also known as

• People of the Cave

• The Seven Sleepers

Profile

A group of seven young Christian men who hid in a cave in hopes of avoiding the persecution of Decius in the year 250. Found and arrested, they were ordered by the pro-consul in Ephesus to renounce their faith; they refused, and were sentenced to die. Legend says that they were walled up in their hiding cave, guarded by the dog Al Rakim; when the cave wall was breached in 479 - they all woke up!

It is likely that the youths were tortured to death in various ways and buried in the cave. The resurrection story confusion came from the phrase "went to sleep in the Lord" which was used to describe the death of Christians, and 479 is when their relics were discovered. Their names were Constantinus, Dionysius, Joannes, Malchus, Martinianus, Maximianus and Serapion.

Died

• 250 in Ephesus (in modern Turkey); tradition says that they were walled up in a cave to suffocate, but other records indicate that they were tortured to death in various ways

• relics discovered in 479

• relics translated to Marseilles, France and enshrined in a large stone coffin

Blessed Nevolo of Faenza

Also known as

• Nevolo of Tavensia

• Nevolone, Novellone, Nevolonius

Profile

Son of a craftsman. Layman cobbler who led a dissolute life in his youth and early married life. However, a serious illness at age 24 caused him to re-evaluate his life; he had a conversion experience, repented his early life, and dedicated himself to God, penance and prayer. He became a Franciscan tertiary, and converted his wife to an active faith. His charity to the poor nearly ruined his business. Pilgrim to many holy sites, and made the pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela eleven times. Widower. Franciscan lay brother. Camaldolese hermit at the monastery of San Maglorio in Faenza, Italy where his reputation for piety and wisdom continued to grow.

Born

13th century Faenza, Italy

Died

• 27 July 1280 in Faenza, Italy of natural causes

• interred in the cathedral of San Pietro in Faenza

• by 1282 there were so many pilgrims to his tomb that guards had to be posted to maintain order

Beatified

4 June 1817 by Pope Pius VII (cultus confirmation)

Patronage

cobblers (chosen by the cobblers of Rimini, Italy in 1331)

Blessed Joan Romeu y Canadell

Also known as

• Domènec of Sant Pere de Riudebitlles

• Doménech of Sant Pere de Riudebittles

Profile

Joan joined the Capuchin Franciscan Friars Minor in 1908, making his solemn profession on 4 October 1912. Ordained a priest on 25 May 1917. Assigned to the missions in Costa Rica and Nicaragua until 1930 when he returned to Spain and lived in the Franciscan convent in Manresa. On 22 July 1936, the area of the convent was overrun by Communist forces as part of the fighting in the Spanish Civil War. As he was leaving the house on the evening of 27 July 1936, Father Joan was spotted by the Marxists, kidnapped, tortured and murdered. Martyr.

Born

11 December 1882 in Sant Pere de Riudebitlles, Barcelona, Spain

Died

shot on the night of 27 July 1936 in Manresa, Barcelona, Spain

Beatified

• 14 November 2020 by Pope Francis

• the beatification recognition was celebrated at the Basilica of Santa Maria in Manresa, Spain

Blessed Robert Sutton

Additional Memorial

• 22 November as one of the Martyrs of England, Scotland, and Wales

• 29 October as one of the Martyrs of Douai

Profile

Protestant minister; rector of Lutterworth, Leicestershire, England in 1571. Convert to Catholicism, led to the faith by his younger brother William who became a Jesuit priest. With his younger brother Abraham, he studied in Douai, France in 1576. Ordained in February 1577 for the apostolic vicariate of England. Robert returned to England on 19 March 1578 to minister to covert Catholics during the persecutions of Elizabeth I. Imprisoned and martyred for the crime of priesthood.

Born

Burton-on-Trent, Staffordshire, England

Died

• hanged on 27 July 1588 in Stafford, Staffordshire, England

• a forefinger and thumb were later recovered as relics

• thumb enshrined at Stonyhurst College, Hurst Green, Lancashire, England

Beatified

22 November 1987 by Pope John Paul II

Blessed Mary Magdalene Martinengo

Also known as

• Margarita Martinengo

• Maria Maddalena

Profile

Born to the Italian nobility. Her mother died while Mary was five months old; the lack of a mother affected the girl deeply, and led her to intense religious devotion and prayer. At age 18 she joined the Capuchin Poor Clares of Santa Maria della Neve in Brescia, Italy. Professed in 1706, she spent the rest of her life in the convent. Recognized in the convent for her holiness and prayer life. Twice prioress, and served several years as novice mistress. Worked to promote devotion to Christ Crucified, and used her own example to encourage penance and personal sacrifice for the Lord.

Born

5 October 1687 at Brescia, Italy

Died

27 July 1737 in Brescia, Italy of natural causes

Beatified

3 June 1900 by Pope Leo XIII

Saint Lillian of Cordoba

Also known as

Liliosa

Profile

Lay woman in Moorish controlled ninth-century Spain. Married to Saint Felix of Cordoba. A covert Christian who was careful not to display enough of her faith to risk the attention of Muslim neighbors. However, stories of the persecutions of active Christians shamed her into openly living his faith. Martyred in the persecutions of Caliph Abderraham II.

Born

Spain

Died

852 in Cordoba, Spain

Blessed Berthold of Garsten

Also known as

Berthold de Rachez

Profile

Born to the nobility. Benedictine monk at the Abbey of Saint Blaise in the Black Forest in Germany. Priest. Prior of Gottweig Abbey in 1107. Developed and served as first abbot of Garsden Abbey in 1111. Introduced the Hirsau Reforms into Austria. Known for his strict adherence to the Benedictine Rule, charity to the poor, and endless work as a spiritual director to visitors and the laity.

Born

c.1060

Died

• 27 July 1142 in Garsten, Upper Austria, Austria of natural causes

• buried in Garsten Abbey

Beatified

8 January 1970 by Pope Paul VI (cultus confirmation)

Blessed Modesto Vegas y Vegas

Profile

Entered the novitiate of the Friars Minor Conventual at the Franciscan convent at Granollers, Spain as a teenager in 1929. Studied at the seminary in Osimo, Italy where he was ordained in 1934. His short career as a parish priest in Granollers was noted for his preaching and devotion to the confessional. Captured, beaten and martyred in the Spanish Civil War for the offense of being a priest.

Born

24 February 1912 in La Serna, Palencia, diocese of Leon, Spain

Died

shot on 27 July 1936 in Can Moncada, Llisá de Munt, Barcelona, Spain

Beatified

11 March 2001 by Pope John Paul II

Saint Aurelius of Cordoba

Profile

Born to a wealthy Moorish father, Spanish mother, and orphaned as a child. Raised as a secret Christian by his aunt during the Moorish occupation of Spain and persecution of Christians. Married a half-Moorish woman who was born as Sabigotho, changed her name to Natalia when she converted to Christianity, and is a saint as well. Father of two children. Publicly proclaimed his faith after seeing a local merchant named John scourged to death for being a Christian. Both he and Natalia were martyred in the persecutions of Caliph Abderrahman II for openly practising their faith.

Died

beheaded 27 July 852 in Cordoba, Spain

Patronage

orphans

Blessed Joaquín Vilanova Camallonga

Profile

He early felt a call to the priesthood, and was ordained in the archdiocese of Valencia, Spain in 1920. Parish priest in Quatretondeta, Spain; priest and co-adjutor in Ibi, Spain. Martyred in the Spanish Civil War by Republican forces.

Born

6 October 1888 in Ontinyent, Valencia, Spain

Died

shot on 29 July 1936 in Ibi, Alicante, Spain

Beatified

11 March 2001 by Pope John Paul II

Blessed William Davies

Additional Memorial

• 29 October as one of the Martyrs of Douai

• 22 November as one of the Martyrs of England, Scotland, and Wales

Profile

Priest in the apostolic vicariate of England during a period of government persecution of Catholics. Martyred for the crime of being a priest. His final act was to pray for the people who attended his execution.

Born

c.1559 in Colwyn Bay, Denbighshire, Wales

Died

hanged on 27 July 1593 in Beaumaris, Anglesey, Wales

Beatified

22 November 1987 by Pope John Paul II

Saint Natalia

Also known as

Natalie, Nathalie, Sabigotho

Profile

Half-Moorish. Convert to Christianity. Married to Saint Aurelius. Mother of two. She and Aurelius knew that to openly practice their faith was a recipe for martyrdom. However, after making provision for their children's welfare, they became openly Christian, caring for the sick and poor, and talking openly about Jesus. Martyr.

Born

as Sabigotho

Died

beheaded on 27 July 852

Patronage

• converts

• martyrs

Blessed Felipe Hernández Martínez

Profile

Joined the Salesians in 1930. Teacher in Ciudadela, Spain. Began his studies for the priesthood in Madrid, Spain. Martyred in the Spanish Civil War.

Born

14 March 1913 in Villena, Alicante, Spain

Died

shot on 27 July 1936 in Barcelona, Spain

Beatified

11 March 2001 by Pope John Paul II

Blessed Maria Klemensa Staszewska

Also known as

Mary Clemente of Jesus Crucified Staszewska

Profile

Ursuline nun. Martyred in the persecutions of the Nazis.

Born

30 July 1890 in Zloczew, Wielkopolskie, Poland

Died

27 July 1943 in Oswiecim (a.k.a. Auschwitz), Malopolskie, Nazi-occupied Poland

Beatified

13 June 1999 by Pope John Paul II

Saint Juliana of Mataró

Also known as

Giuliana

Profile

Blood sister of Saint Semproniana of Mataró. Baptized by and spiritual student of Saint Cugat del Valles. Nun. Imprisoned and martyred in the persecutions of Diocletian for trying to bury the martyred body of Saint Cugat.

Died

304 in Illuron (modern Mataró), near Barcelona, Spain

Patronage

Mataró, Spain

Blessed Jaime Ortiz Alzueta

Profile

Member of the Salesians, making his final vows in 1932. Attended the canonization recognition of Saint John Bosco. Teacher. Co-adjutor of his Order. Martyred in the Spanish Civil War.

Born

24 May 1913 in Pamplona, Navarra, Spain

Died

shot on 27 July 1936 in Barcelona, Spain

Beatified

11 March 2001 by Pope John Paul II

Saint Semproniana of Mataró

Profile

Blood sister of Saint Juliana of Mataró. Baptized by and spiritual student of Saint Cugat del Valles. Nun. Imprisoned and martyred in the persecutions of Diocletian for trying to bury the martyred body of Saint Cugat.

Died

304 in Illuron (modern Mataró), near Barcelona, Spain

Patronage

Mataró, Spain

Saint Galactorio of Lescar

Also known as

• Galactorio of Béarn

• Galattorio, Galactoire, Galactorius

Profile

Sixth century bishop of Lescar in the French Pyrenees. Participated in the Council of Agde. Martyred by invading Arian Visigoths led by Alaric.

Died

Lescar, Béarn region of the French Pyrenees

Blessed Lucy Bufalari

Also known as

Lucy of Amelia

Profile

Sister of Blessed John of Rieti. Augustinian nun at Amelia where she became prioress.

Born

at Castel Porziano near Rome, Italy

Died

1350 of natural causes

Beatified

1832 by Pope Gregory XVI (cultus confirmed)

Patronage

against demonic possession

Blessed Zacarías Abadía Buesa

Profile

Joined the Salesians in 1930. Teacher in Sarria, Spain. Martyred in the Spanish Civil War.

Born

5 November 1913 in Almuniente, Huesca, Spain

Died

shot on 27 July 1936 in Barcelona, Spain

Beatified

11 March 2001 by Pope John Paul II

Blessed José María Ruiz Cano

Profile

Claretian priest. Martyred in the religious persecutions of the Spanish Civil War.

Born

13 September 1906 at Jerez de los Caballeros, Badajoz, Spain

Died

27 July 1936 at El Otero, Sigüenza, Spain

Beatified

13 October 2013 by Pope Francis

Saint Arethas

Also known as

• Abdullah ibn Kaab

• Aretas

• al-Haarith

Profile

Martyred in the persecutions of Dhu Nowas (Dunawan), King of the Hymerites along with a large number of fellow Christians whose names have not come down to us.

Born

427

Died

beheaded in 523 in Nedshran (Negran; Najran; Nagran) Arabia

Saint George of Cordoba

Profile

Monk from Palestine. Deacon. Arrested and condemned to death during the persecutions of Caliph Abderrahman II. He was offered a pardon as a foreigner, but he declined, perferring to stand for his faith, minister to his fellow prisoners, and die as a martyr.

Died

• c.822 at Cordoba, Spain

• relics at the abbey church of Saint Germain, Paris, France

Saint Maurus of Bisceglia

Also known as

Maruo

Profile

Spiritual student of Saint Peter the Apostle. Assigned by Peter as the first Bishop of Bisceglia, Italy. Martyred in the persecutions of Trajan.

Born

Jerusalem, Palestine

Died

27 July 117 in Bisceglia, Italy

Patronage

Bisceglia, Italy

Saint Pantaleimon of Bisceglia

Also known as

Pantaleo

Profile

Martyred in the persecutions of Trajan.

Born

Apulia, Italy

Died

27 July 117 in Bisceglia, Italy

Patronage

Bisceglia, Italy

Saint Sergius of Bisceglia

Also known as

Sergio

Profile

Martyred in the persecutions of Trajan.

Born

Apulia, Italy

Died

27 July 117 in Bisceglia, Italy

Patronage

Bisceglia, Italy

Saint Ecclesius of Ravenna

Also known as

Eclesio Celio

Profile

Bishop of Ravenna, Italy from 521 till his death in 532. Built the Basilica of San Vitale. Worked with Pope John I to resist King Theodoric.

Died

532 of natural causes

Saint Felix of Cordoba

Profile

Layman Christian in Moorish-occupied Spain. Married to Saint Lillian of Cordoba. Martyred in the persecutions of Caliph Abderraham II.

Born

Spain

Died

852 in Cordoba, Spain

Saint Anthusa of Constantinople

புனித அந்துசா (எட்டாம் நூற்றாண்டு)

(ஜூலை 27)

இவர் சின்ன ஆசியாவிலுள்ள மேன்டினியா என்ற இடத்தில் பிறந்தவர்.

சிறுவயதிலேயே இவர் இறைவன் தன்னை அவருடைய பணிக்காக அழைப்பதை உணர்ந்ததும், எல்லாவற்றையும் விட்டுவிட்டுத் துறவியானார். பின்னாளில் இவர் அந்த துறவிமடத்தின் தலைவியாகவும் உயர்ந்தார்.

இறைவன்மீது மிகுந்த பற்றுகொண்டு வாழ்ந்து வந்த இவரிடம், ஐந்தாம் கான்ஸ்டன்டைன் என்ற மன்னன், "நீ இயேசுவின் உருவம் தாங்கிய படத்தையோ, திருவுருவத்தையோ வழிபடக்கூடாது" என்று சொன்னான்.

அதற்கு அவர் மறுப்பு தெரிவிக்கவே, அவன் இவரைக் கொடூரமாகச் சித்திரவதை செய்தான். இக்காட்சிகளை எல்லாம் மன்னனுடைய மனைவி மிகுந்த வேதனையோடு பார்த்துக்கொண்டு இருந்தார். அப்பொழுது இவர் அரசியிடம் "உமக்கு ஒரு பெண் குழந்தை பிறக்கும்" என்று முன்னறிவித்தார்.

குழந்தையில்லாத அவருக்கு ஓராண்டில் பெண் குழந்தை பிறந்ததும், மிகவும் மகிழ்ச்சி அடைந்த மன்னன் இவரை விடுதலை செய்தான். இதனால் இவர் முன்பு இருந்த துறவுமடத்திற்கு வந்தார். பின்னர் மன்னன் தனக்குப் பிறந்த பெண்குழந்தைக்கு அந்துசா என்ற பெயரைச் சூட்டினான்.

துறவி அந்துசாவோ தான் இறக்கும்வரை இறைவேண்டலிலும் நோன்பிலும் நிலைத்திருந்து, கிபி 759 ஆம் ஆண்டு இறையடி சேர்ந்தார்

Profile

Eighth-century nun. Tortured and exiled from Constantinople for refusing to comply with the heresy of iconoclasm.

Born

Greek

Saint Aetherius of Auxerre

Also known as

Etherius of Auxerre

Profile

Sixth-century bishop of Auxerre, France for 10 years.

Died

573

Saint Luican

Also known as

Luicain

Profile

Titular saint of Kill-Luicain parish, County Roscommon, Ireland. No details have survived.

Saint Hermocrates

Also known as

Thermocrates

Profile

Martyr.

Died

c.305

Saint Hermippus

Profile

Martyr.

Died

c.305

Martrys of Nicomedia

Profile

Three Christians martyred together. The only other information to survive are their names - Felix, Jucunda and Julia.

Died

Nicomedia, Asia Minor

Martyred in the Spanish Civil War

Thousands of people were murdered in the anti-Catholic persecutions of the Spanish Civil War from 1934 to 1939. I have pages on each of them, but in most cases I have only found very minimal information. They are available on the CatholicSaints.Info site through these links:

• Blessed Àngel Maria Rodamilans Canals

• Blessed Adelfa Soro Bó

• Blessed Antoni Tost Llaberia

• Blessed Cirilo Illera del Olmo

• Blessed Emilio Puente González

• Blessed Francesc Pujol Espinalt

• Blessed Jacinto Gómez Peña

• Blessed Joaquín de La Madrid Arespacochaga

• Blessed Joaquín Puente González

• Blessed José Franco Ruiz

• Blessed José Ibañez Mayandia

• Blessed José María González Delgado

• Blessed Josep Bru Boronat

• Blessed Narcis Serra Rovira

• Blessed Otilia Alonso González

• Blessed Pedro Esteban Hernandez

• Blessed Ramona Fossas Románs

• Blessed Ramona Perramón Vila

• Blessed Reginalda Picas Planas

• Blessed Rosa Jutglar Gallart

• Blessed Teresa Prats Martí

இன்றைய புனிதர்கள் ஜீலை 26

Sts. Joachim and Anne

புனிதர்கள் சுவக்கின் மற்றும் அன்னம்மாள்

(Saints Joachim and Anne)

இறைவனின் அதிதூய அன்னை, கன்னி மரியாளின் பெற்றோர்:

(Parents of the Blessed Virgin Mary)

பிறப்பு: கி.மு. 100

நாசரேத்

(Nazareth)

இறப்பு: தெரியவில்லை

எருசலேம், நாசரேத்

(Jerusalem, Nazareth)

ஏற்கும் சமயம்:

கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை

(Catholic Church)

கிழக்கு மரபுவழி திருச்சபைகள்

(Eastern Orthodox Churches)

ஆங்கிலிக்கன் சமூகம்

(Anglican Communion)

ஆக்ளிபயன் திருச்சபை

(Aglipayan Church)

இஸ்லாம்

(Islam)

நினைவுத் திருநாள்: ஜூலை 26

பாதுகாவல்:

சுவக்கின்:

பாட்டனார்கள், தாத்தா, பாட்டி; திருமணமான தம்பதிகள்; தனியறை தயாரிப்பாளர்கள்; கைத்தறி வர்த்தகர்கள்

அன்னா:

திருமணமாகாத பெண்கள்; குடும்பத் தலைவிகள்; பிரசவ வேதனையிலிருக்கும் பெண்கள்; பாட்டியார்; குதிரை சவாரி செய்பவர்கள்; தனியறை தயாரிப்பாளர்கள்

கி.பி. 2ம் நூற்றாண்டின் மரபு வழி செய்திகளின்படி அன்னாவும், சுவக்கின் என்பவர்களும் இறைவனின் அன்னை, அதி தூய கன்னி மரியாளின் பெற்றோர்கள் என்று கூறப்படுகின்றது. 6ம் நூற்றாண்டிலிருந்தே அன்னாவுக்கு வணக்கம் செலுத்தப்பட்டு வந்தது. 10ம் நூற்றாண்டில் இப்பக்தி மிகுதியாக பரவியது. 12ம் நூற்றாண்டில், “பைசான்தீனியர்களும்” “சிலுவைப் போராளிகளும்” (Byzantines and the Crusaders ) இணைந்து, மத்திய இஸ்ரேலிலுள்ள “பெய்ட் குவ்ரின்” (Beit Guvrin National Park) தேசியப் பூங்காவில் புனித அன்னாவுக்கு ஆலயம் கட்டினார்கள்.

மரபுகளின்படி “பெத்தலேகேமில்” (Bethlehem) பிறந்த அன்னா, “சுவக்கினை” (Joachim of Nazareth) திருமணம் செய்துகொண்டார். இருவரும் தாவீதின் (David) மரபுவழிமுரையினர் ஆவர். ஜேம்ஸின் குழந்தைப்பருவ நற்செய்திகளின்படி, (Protoevangelium of James) சுவக்கின் பணக்கார, பக்தி மிகுந்தவர் ஆவார். இவர் வழக்கமாக ஏழைகளுக்கும், எருசலேமின் வடமேற்கு திசையிலுள்ள “செஃபோரிஸ்” (Sepphoris) எனுமிடத்திலுள்ள யூதர்களின் வழிபாட்டு கூடங்களுக்கும் தான தர்மங்கள் வழங்குவார்.

ஆரம்பத்தில் “கலிலேயா” (Galilee) நகரில் வாழ்ந்து வந்த அன்னை மரியாளின் பெற்றோர், பின்னர் எருசலேமில் வந்து வசித்தனர். அவர்களுக்கு குழந்தைகள் இல்லாத காரணத்தால், அவர்கள் தந்த தான தர்மங்கள் தெய்வீக அதிருப்திக்கு ஒரு அடையாளமாகப் புரிந்துகொள்ளப்பட்ட காரணத்தால், யூத வழிபாட்டு கூடங்களின் தலைமை குரு சுவக்கினையும் அவர் தந்த தானங்களையும் நிராகரித்தார். இதன் விளைவாக பாலைவனத்திற்குத் திரும்பிய சுவக்கின், நாற்பது நாட்கள் அங்கே விரதம், செபம் மற்றும் தவ முயற்சிகளில் ஈடுபட்டார். பின்னர், சுவக்கின் மற்றும் அன்னா இருவருக்கும் காட்சியளித்த தேவ தூதர்கள், அவர்களுக்கு ஒரு குழந்தை பிறக்கும் என்று வாக்கு கொடுத்தனர். அதன் பின்னர் எருசலேம் திரும்பிய சுவக்கின், நகரின் நுழைவாயிலில் வைத்து அன்னாவை வாரியணைத்தார்.

சுவக்கினும் அன்னாவும் எருசலேமின் சுவர்ண நுழைவாயிலில் சந்தித்துக்கொண்ட சம்பவம், அன்னை மரியாளின் வாழ்வின் கலையாற்றல் மிக்க சம்பவமாக கருதப்படுகின்றது.

அன்னை மரியாளின் பெற்றோர் திருமணமாகி பல ஆண்டுகள் குழந்தைப்பேறு இல்லாமல் இருந்துள்ளனர். செப, தவ, ஒறுத்தல்கள் பல புரிந்து, நீண்ட கால இடைவெளிக்கு பின்னர் ஒரு பெண் குழந்தையை பெற்றெடுத்தனர். அக்குழந்தைக்கு "மரியா" என்று பெயர் சூட்டினர். தங்களது ஒரே மகளை ஞானத்திலும், அறிவிலும், பக்தியிலும் சிறந்த பெண்ணாக வளர்த்தனர். இவர்கள் இறுதியாக எருசலேமில் வாழ்ந்துள்ளனர்.

கி.பி. 12ம் நூற்றாண்டிலிருந்து அன்னை மரியாளின் பெற்றோர்களின் மீதிருந்த பக்தி உலகம் முழுவதும் பரவியது. கி.பி. 13ம் நூற்றாண்டிலிருந்து ஜூலை 26ம் நாள் இப்புனிதர்களின் விழா கொண்டாடப்பட்டு வருகின்றது. கி.பி. 1584ம் ஆண்டு “ரோம பொது நாள்காட்டியில்” (General Roman Calendar) பட்டியலில் சேர்க்கப்பட்டது.

இஸ்லாமிய பாரம்பரியம்:

இஸ்லாமிய மத நூலான புனித “குர் ஆனில்” (Quran) சுவக்கின் “இம்ரான்” என்று அறியப்படுகின்றார்.

அன்னா, புனித “குர் ஆனில்” (Quran) “ஹன்னா” (Ḥannah) என்று அறியப்படுகின்றார்.

Feastday: July 26

Saints Joachim (sometimes spelled "Joaquin," pronounced "wal-keem") and Anne, are the parents of the Virgin Mary. There are no mentions of them in the Bible or Gospels, what we know comes from Catholic legend and the Gospel of James, which is an unsanctioned, apocryphal writing form the second century AD. We do know from scholarship that the Gospel of James was not written by James, the Brother of Jesus, despite its claim to be so authored.

Even the early Church fathers expressed skepticism about the Gospel of James in their writings. There are about 150 copies of the ancient manuscript which often have different titles, but tell the same story, that Mary was promised to Joachim and Anne by an angel, was consecrated to God, and she remained a virgin all her life.

Naturally, there is plenty of room for scholarly debate about these saints. We have no true primary sources that prove they even existed, but certainly we can agree that Mary had parents. Likewise, we can agree that.

Mary had good, faithful parents who raised her with a love and devotion to God like none other except Jesus Christ Himself.

Joachim and Anne serve as role models for parents and both deserve to be honored and emulated for their devotion to God and Our Lady Mary, the Mother of God.

According to apocryphal Christian and Islamic tradition, Saint Anne was the mother of Mary and the maternal grandmother of Jesus. Mary's mother is not named in the canonical gospels. In writing, Anne's name and that of her husband Joachim come only from New Testament apocrypha, of which the Gospel of James (written perhaps around 150) seems to be the earliest that mentions them. The mother of Mary is mentioned but not named in the Quran.

Church tradition

The story bears a similarity to that of the birth of Samuel, whose mother Hannah (Hebrew: חַנָּה‎‎ Ḥannāh "favour, grace"; etymologically the same name as Anne) had also been childless. Although Anne receives little attention in the Latin Church prior to the late 12th century,[4] dedications to Anne in Eastern Christianity occur as early as the 6th century.[5] In the Eastern Orthodox tradition, Anne is ascribed the title Ancestors of God,[6] and both the Nativity of Mary and the Presentation of Mary are celebrated as two of the twelve Great Feasts of the Orthodox Church. The Dormition of Anne is also a minor feast in Eastern Christianity. In Lutheran Protestantism, it is held that Martin Luther chose to enter religious life as an Augustinian friar after crying out to St. Anne while endangered by lightning.[7][8]

In Islam

Anne (Arabic: حنة‎, romanized: Ḥannah) is also revered in Islam, recognized as a highly spiritual woman and as the mother of Mary. She is not named in the Quran, where she is referred to as "The wife of Imran". The Qur'an describes her remaining childless until her old age. One day, Hannah saw a bird feeding its young while sitting in the shade of a tree, which awakened her desire to have children of her own. She prayed for a child and eventually conceived; her husband, Imran, died before the child was born. Expecting the child to be male, Hannah vowed to dedicate him to isolation and service in the Second Temple.[N 1][9][10]

However, Hannah bore a daughter instead, and named her Mary. Her words upon delivering Mary reflect her status as a great mystic, realising that while she had wanted a son, this daughter was God's gift to her:[9][10]

Then, when she brought forth she said: My Lord! Truly, I brought her forth, a female. And God is greater in knowledge of what she brought forth. And the male is not like the female. ... So her Lord received her with the very best acceptance. And her bringing forth caused the very best to develop in her.[Quran 3:36–37 (Translated by Laleh Bakhtiar)]

Beliefs

Saint Anne with Mary as a child

Although the canonical books of the New Testament never mention the mother of the Virgin Mary, traditions about her family, childhood, education, and eventual betrothal to Joseph developed very early in the history of the church. The oldest and most influential source for these is the apocryphal Gospel of James, first written in Koine Greek around the middle of the second century AD. In the West, the Gospel of James fell under a cloud in the fourth and fifth centuries when it was accused of "absurdities" by Jerome and condemned as untrustworthy by Pope Damasus I, Pope Innocent I, and Pope Gelasius I.[11]

Ancient belief, attested to by a sermon of John of Damascus, was that Anne married once. In the Late Middle Ages, legend held that Anne was married three times: first to Joachim, then to Clopas and finally to a man named Solomas and that each marriage produced one daughter: Mary, mother of Jesus, Mary of Clopas, and Mary Salome, respectively.[12] The sister of Saint Anne was Sobe, mother of Elizabeth. In the fifteenth century, the Catholic cleric Johann Eck related in a sermon that St Anne's parents were named Stollanus and Emerentia. The Catholic Encyclopedia (1907) regards this genealogy as spurious.[13]

In the 4th century and then much later in the 15th century, a belief arose that Mary was conceived of Anne without original sin. This belief in the Immaculate Conception states that God preserved Mary's body and soul intact and sinless from her first moment of existence, through the merits of Jesus Christ.[13] The Immaculate Conception, often confused with the Annunciation of the Incarnation (Mary's virgin birth of Jesus), was made dogma in the Catholic church by Pope Pius IX's papal bull, Ineffabilis Deus, in 1854.

Veneration

In the Eastern church, the cult of Anne herself may go back as far as c. 550, when Justinian built a church in Constantinople in her honor.[14]

The earliest pictorial sign of her veneration in the West is an 8th-century fresco in the church of Santa Maria Antiqua, Rome.[11]

Birth of St. Anne, by Adriaen van Overbeke (c. 1521–1525)

Virginia Nixon sees an economic incentive in the local promotion of the cult of St. Anne in order to attract pilgrims. The identification of Sepphoris as the birthplace of Mary may reflect competition with a similar site in Jerusalem.[15] A shrine at Douai, in northern France, was one of the early centers of devotion to St. Anne in the West.[16]

Two well-known shrines to St. Anne are that of Ste. Anne d'Auray in Brittany, France; and that of Ste. Anne de Beaupré near the city of Québec. The number of visitors to the Basilica of Ste. Anne de Beaupré is greatest on St Anne's Feast Day, 26 July, and the Sunday before Nativity of the Virgin Mary, 8 September. In 1892, Pope Leo XIII sent a relic of St Anne to the church.[17]

In the Maltese language, the Milky Way galaxy is called It-Triq ta' Sant'Anna, literally "The Way of St. Anne".[18]

In Imperial Russia, the Order of St Anne was one of the leading state decorations.

In the United States, the Daughters of the Holy Spirit named the former Annhurst College in her honor.[19]

A woman's attachment to and faith in a St. Anne medallion is the subject of The Chairman Dances' song "Saint Anne Medal", included on their EP Samantha Says (2015).[20]

Anne is remembered (with Joachim) in the Church of England with a Lesser Festival on 26 July.[21]

Commemoration

By the middle of the seventh century, a distinct feast day, the Conception of St. Anne (Maternity of Holy Anna) celebrating the conception of Mary by Saint Anne, was observed at the Monastery of Saint Sabas.[22] It is now known in the Greek Orthodox Church as the feast of "The Conception by St. Anne of the Most Holy Theotokos", and celebrated on 9 December.[23] In the Roman Catholic Church, the Feast of Saints Anne and Joachim is celebrated on 26 July.

Relics

The supposed relics of St. Anne were brought from the Holy Land to Constantinople in 710 and were kept there in the church of St. Sophia as late as 1333.[13]

During the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, returning crusaders and pilgrims from the East brought relics of Anne to a number of churches, including most famously those at Apt, in Provence, Ghent, and Chartres.[11] St. Anne's relics have been preserved and venerated in the many cathedrals and monasteries dedicated to her name, for example in Austria, Canada,[24] Germany, Italy,[25] and Greece in the semi-autonomous Mount Athos, and the city of Katerini.[26] Medieval and baroque craftsmanship is evidenced in, for example, the metalwork of the life-size reliquaries containing the bones of her forearm. Examples employing folk art techniques are also known.

Düren has been the main place of pilgrimage for Anne since 1506, when Pope Julius II decreed that her relics should be kept there.

Patronage

The Church of Saint Anne in Beit Guvrin National Park was built by the Byzantines and the Crusaders in the 12th century, known in Arabic as Khirbet (lit. "ruin") Sandahanna, the mound of Maresha being called Tell Sandahanna.

Basilica of Sainte-Anne-de-Beaupré, Quebec, Canada

Saint Anne is patroness of unmarried women, housewives, women in labor or who want to be pregnant, grandmothers, mothers and educators. She is also a patroness of horseback riders, cabinet-makers[16] and miners. As the mother of Mary, this devotion to Saint Anne as the patron of miners arises from the medieval comparison between Mary and Christ and the precious metals silver and gold. Anne's womb was considered the source from which these precious metals were mined.[27] Saint Anne is also said to be a patron saint of sailors and a protector from storms.[17]

She is also the patron saint of: Brittany (France), Chinandega (Nicaragua), the Mi'kmaq people of Canada, Castelbuono (Sicily), Quebec (Canada), Santa Ana (California), Norwich (Connecticut), Detroit (Michigan),[28] Adjuntas (Puerto Rico), Santa Ana and Jucuarán (El Salvador), Berlin (New Hampshire), Santa Ana Pueblo, Seama, and Taos (New Mexico), Chiclana de la Frontera, Marsaskala, Tudela and Fasnia (Spain), Town of Sta Ana Province of Pampanga, Hagonoy, Santa Ana, Taguig City, Saint Anne Shrine, Malicboy, Pagbilao, Quezon and Malinao, Albay (Philippines), Santana (Brazil), Saint Anne (Illinois), Sainte Anne Island, Baie Sainte Anne and Praslin Island (Seychelles), Bukit Mertajam and Port Klang (Malaysia), Kľúčové (Slovakia) and South Vietnam. The parish church of Vatican City is Sant'Anna dei Palafrenieri. There is a shrine dedicated to Saint Anne in the Woods in Bristol, United Kingdom.

In art

Christ in the House of His Parents

Christ in the House of His Parents by John Everett Millais, 1849–50

In John Everett Millais's 1849–50 work, Christ in the House of His Parents, Anne is shown in her son-in-law Joseph's carpentry shop caring for a young Jesus who had cut his hand on a nail. She joins her daughter Mary, Joseph, and a young boy who will later become known as John the Baptist in caring for the injured hand of Jesus.

Iconography

The subject of Joachim and Anne The Meeting at the Golden Gate was a regular component of artistic cycles of the Life of the Virgin. The couple meet at the Golden Gate of Jerusalem and embrace. They are aware of Anne's pregnancy, of which they have been separately informed by an archangel. This moment stood for the conception of Mary, and the feast was celebrated on the same day as the Immaculate Conception. Art works representing the Golden Gate and the events leading up to it were influenced by the narrative in the widely read Golden Legend of Jacobus de Voragine. The Birth of Mary, the Presentation of Mary and the Marriage of the Virgin were usual components of cycles of the Life of the Virgin in which Anne is normally shown here.

Her emblem is a door.[16] She is often portrayed wearing red and green, representing love and life.[3]

Anne is never shown as present at the Nativity of Christ, but is frequently shown with the infant Christ in various subjects. She is sometimes believed to be depicted in scenes of the Presentation of Jesus at the Temple and the Circumcision of Christ, but in the former case, this likely reflects a misidentification through confusion with Anna the Prophetess. There was a tradition that Anne went (separately) to Egypt and rejoined the Holy Family after their Flight to Egypt. Anne is not seen with the adult Christ, so was regarded as having died during the youth of Jesus.[29] Anne is also shown as the matriarch of the Holy Kinship, the extended family of Jesus, a popular subject in late medieval Germany; some versions of these pictorial and sculptural depictions include Emerentia who was reputed in the 15th Century to be Anne's mother. In modern devotions, Anne and her husband are invoked for protection for the unborn.

Virgin and Child with Saint Anne

The role of the Messiah's grandparents in salvation history was commonly depicted in early medieval devotional art in a vertical double-Madonna arrangement known as the Virgin and Child with Saint Anne. Another typical subject has Anne teaching the Virgin Mary the Scriptures (see gallery below).

Saint George Preca

Also known as

Gorg Preca

Profile

Seventh in a Christian family of nine children, the son of Vincent Preco and Nathalie Ceravolo. His father was a merchant and health inspector. George was a sickly child. Studied at the Lyceum and Major Seminary on Malta. A severe respiratory ailment in seminary nearly killed him, but he recovered through the intercession of Saint Joseph. While still a student, he began writing a Rule in Latin for use in a planned society of Permanent Deacons. Ordained 22 December 1906.

After ordination he modified his concept of the society. He began teaching along the waterfront, working with the roughest of men. He gathered a group of young male catechists, including the Servant of God Ewgenju Borg, and they formed the beginning of the Society of Christian Doctrine at Hamrun, Malta in 1907. The Society's motto is represented by the letters M.U.S.E.U.M.: Magister Utinam Sequator Evangelium Universus Mundus! (Master, that the whole world would follow the Gospel!), and were dedicated to bringing the Bible and theology to lay people and the working classes.

Educating the working class was so revolutionary that Father George was accused of insanity, and was once ordered to shut down his operation. He caused more uproar with his plan to educate lay men and women, and send them out to proclaim God's word anywhere that would listen.

Society catechist centers opened in many parishes, teaching young and old, and giving children a place to stay out of trouble. Their teaching brought a deeper understanding of the faith to people who simply went through the motions of devotions, often without knowing why. The bishop of Malta approved the Society and its Rule in 1932.

Father Preca taught and wrote in Maltese, the language of the common people. From leaflets to books, George published approximately 150 works. He had a special devotion to the Mystery of Incarnation. Popular preacher, sought after confessor, and believed to have been a miraculous healer. The Society continues its work today with Centres in Malta, Australia, Sudan, Kenya, Peru, Great Britain, and Albania.

Born

12 February 1880 at Valletta, Malta

Died

• evening of 26 July 1962 of natural causes at Santa Venera, Malta

• relics near the Society's motherhouse at Blata l-Bajda

Beatified

• 9 May 2001 by Pope John Paul II

• his beatification miracle involved the healing of an irreversibly detached retina of a member of the Society

Canonized

3 June 2007 by Pope Benedict XVI

Blessed Titus Brandsma

Also known as

• Anno Sjoera Brandsma

• Shorty

Profile

Pious youth from a pious family; three of his four sisters were nuns, and a brother became a Franciscan priest. Had the nickname Shorty. Good student who felt an early call to the priesthood. Entered a Franciscan minor seminary from ages 11 to 17, but health problems, primarily an intestinal disorder, prevented him becoming a Franciscan. Joined the Carmelites at Boxmeer, Netherlands, taking the name Titus, and making his first vows in 1899.

Spoke Italian, Frisian, Dutch, and English, and could read Spanish. Translated the works of Saint Teresa of Avila from Spanish to Dutch, publishing them in 1901. Ordained in 1905 at age 24. Doctorate in philosophy from the Pontifical Gregorian University in Rome, Italy in 1909 at age 28. Taught at the Carmelite seminary at Oss, Netherlands. Editor of the local daily newspaper in 1919; often seen working with a cigar in his mouth.

Taught philosophy at Catholic University, Nijmegen, Netherlands. Superior of the university's Carmelite student house. Popular confessor. Widely travelled orator, journalist, author, and lobbyist for the university. University president in 1932. Appointed ecclesiastical advisor to Catholic journalists in 1935. Conducted a speaking tour throughout the United States beginning in 1935.

In 1935 he wrote against anti-Jewish marriage laws, which brought him to the attention of the Nazis. He later wrote that no Catholic publication could publish Nazi propaganda and still call itself Catholic; this led to more attention. Continually followed by the Gestapo, the Nazi attention led to his arrest on 19 January 1942. For several weeks he was shuttled from jail to jail, abused, and punished for ministering to other prisoners.

Deported to the Dachau concentration camp in April 1942. There he was overworked, underfed, and beaten daily; he asked fellow prisoners to pray for the salvation of the guards. When he could no longer work, he was used for medical experiments. When he was no longer any use for experimentation, he was murdered. Martyr.

Born

23 February 1881 at Oegeklooster, Friesland, Netherlands as Anno Sjoera Brandsma

Died

• martyred on 26 July 1942 by lethal injection in the concentration camp at Dachau, Bavaria, Germany

• his executioner was a nurse who had been raised Catholic, but left the Church

• body cremated, and no relics remain

Beatified

3 November 1985 by Pope John Paul II

Writings

• Prayer Before a Picture of Jesus

• Spirituality of the Carmelites of the Ancient Observance

• Letter from Dachau Prison, 12 July 1942

Blessed Robert Nutter

Also known as

• Robert Askew

• Robert Rowley

Additional Memorial

• 22 November as one of the Martyrs of England, Scotland, and Wales

• 29 October as one of the Martyrs of Douai

• 1 December as one of the Martyrs of Oxford University

Profile

Brother of Blessed John Nutter. Educated at Brasenose College, Oxford, England in the mid-1560's. Seminarian at the English College, Rheims, France. Ordained at Soissons, France on 21 December 1581. Returned to England with Blessed George Haydock to minister to covert Catholics. He worked for two years, was imprisoned and tortured in the Tower of London for two years, and then exiled for the crime of being a priest. After a few months in France to recover, he returned to England; he was arrested almost immediately and spent nearly 15 years in prison. He joined the Dominicans in prison, received into the order by the Provincial of Portugal. He managed to escape in March 1600, was re-captured in May, lodged in Wisbich Castle, tortured, and finally hanged with Blessed Edward Thwing.

Born

c.1557 at Burnley Lanes, Lancashire, England

Died

hanged on 26 July 1600 at Lancaster, England

Beatified

22 November 1987 by Pope John Paul II

Saint Parasceva of Rome

Profile

Daughter of the wealthy Christians Politea and Agathon, and was born after much praying by them for a child. Unusually well educated for a girl of her time. When her parents died, she gave her property to the poor and became an persuasive, itinerant preacher. During a time of persecutions by Roman and Jewish officials, she brought many to Christianity.

Arrested for her faith and her success in the persecutions of Antoninus Pius. She was tortured to make her renounce her faith; she declined. Thrown into a vat of boiling oil, she stood in it unharmed. The emperor asked if she had cooled the oil by magic; she scooped up a handful and threw it in his eyes, burning and blinding him. The emperor screamed for mercy; Parasceva called out the named of Jesus, and the emperor was instantly healed. This miracle moved Antoninus to end the persecution of Christians until his death in 161.

Parasceva resumed her preaching, and upon Antoninus' death, imperial Rome under Marcus Aurelius resumed persecution of the Christians. The Roman governor Asclepius threw her into a pit with a poisonous snake; she make the sign of the cross over the creature, it split in two like it was cut with a sword, and she converted Asclepius and many of his court. Dragged before the governor Tarasios, she began to preach. She was tortured to make her deny God; she replied to each question or order with the word Christ. Her tormentors finally gave up, and she was martyred.

Died

• beheaded in 180

• relics taken to Constantinople

Patronage

blind people

Blessed John Ingram

அருளாளர் ஜான் இங்க்ராம்

(Blessed John Ingram)

ஆங்கிலேய இயேசுசபை குரு, மறைசாட்சி:

(English Jesuit and Martyr)

பிறப்பு: கி.பி. 1565

ஸ்டோக் எடித், ஹியர்ஃபோர்ட்ஷைர்

(Stoke Edith, Herefordshire)

இறப்பு: ஜூலை 26, 1594

கேட்ஷீட்

(Gateshead)

ஏற்கும் சமயம்:

ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை

(Roman Catholicism)

முக்திபேறு பட்டம்: 1929

திருத்தந்தை பதினோராம் பயஸ்

(Pope Pius XI)

அருளாளர் ஜான் இங்க்ராம், ஒரு ஆங்கிலேய இயேசுசபை குருவும் (English Jesuit), இங்கிலாந்து மற்றும் அயர்லாந்து நாடுகளின் மகாராணியான (Queen of England and Ireland), முதலாம் எலிசபெத்தின் (Elizabeth I) ஆட்சி காலத்தில், கத்தோலிக்க மறையின்மீது தமக்கிருந்த விசுவாசம் காரணமாக, மறைசாட்சியாக தூக்கிலிடப்பட்டு கொல்லப்பட்டவருமாவார்.

இவரது தந்தை, “அந்தோணி இங்க்ராம்” (Anthony Ingram of Wolford) ஆவார். இவரது தாயார், “டாரதி” (Dorothy, daughter of Sir John Hungerford) ஆவார். இவர், இங்கிலாந்தின் மேற்கு மிட்லாண்டில் உள்ள “வொர்செஸ்டர்ஷைர்” (Worcestershire) எனும் மாவட்டத்தில் உள்ள “ஆக்ஸ்ஃபோர்ட்” பல்கலையின் “நியூ கல்லூரியில்” (New College, Oxford) கல்வி பயின்றார். பின்னர், கத்தோலிக்க மறைக்கு மனம் மாறிய இவர், “ரெய்ம்ஸ்” நகரிலுள்ள “ஆங்கிலேய கல்லூரி” (English College, Rheims) எனும் கத்தோலிக்க செமினாரியில் (Catholic seminary) குருத்துவ கல்வி பயின்றார். (இது, தற்போதைய ஃபிரான்சில் உள்ளது). பின்னர், “பொன்ட்-எ-மௌஸ்ஸோன்” (Pont-a-Mousson) எனும் இயேசுசபை கல்லூரியிலும், பின்னர் ரோம் (Rome) நகரிலுள்ள ஆங்கிலேய கல்லூரியிலும் (English College, Rome) கற்றார்.

கி.பி. 1589ம் ஆண்டு, ரோம் (Rome) நகரில் குருத்துவ அருட்பொழிவு பெற்ற இவர், கி.பி. 1592ம் ஆண்டின் தொடக்கத்தில் ஸ்காட்லாந்து (Scotland) நாட்டுக்குச் சென்றார். அங்கே அவர் பல சக்திவாய்ந்த பிரமுகர்களுடன் நட்பு கொண்டார். அங்கே, ஸ்கோட்டிஷ் ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க (Scottish Roman Catholic intriguer) அறிஞரான “வால்ட்டர் லிண்ட்சே” (Walter Lindsay of Balgavie) என்பவரது சிற்றாலய குருவாக 18 மாதங்கள் நியமனம் பெற்றிருந்தார்.

கி.பி. 1593ம் ஆண்டு, நவம்பர் மாதம், 25ம் தேதி, “நார்தும்பர்லாந்து” (Northumberland) மாகாணத்திலுள்ள “ட்வீட்” (River Tweed) நதிக்கரையோரமுள்ள “வார்க்” (Wark on Tweed) எனும் கிராமத்தில் வைத்து பிடிபட்ட ஜான் இங்க்ராம், கைது செய்யப்பட்டு முதலில் “பெர்விக்” (Berwick) சிறையிலடைக்கப்பட்டார். பின்னர் “டர்ஹம்” (Durham), “யோர்க்” (York) ஆகிய ஊர்களிலுள்ள சிறைச்சாலைகளிலும், இறுதியாக “டவர் ஆஃப் லண்டன்” (Tower of London) எனும் சித்திரவதைக் கூட சிறையிலும் அடைக்கப்பட்டார். அங்கே, அவர் கடுமையாக சித்திரவதை செய்யப்பட்டார். அவர் இருபது இலத்தீன் புராணங்களை (Latin epigrams) எழுதினார். அவை இன்றளவும் உள்ளன.

லண்டன் டவரில் அவருக்கு நேர்ந்த கடுமையான சோதனைகளின் பின்னர், அவர் மீண்டும் வடக்கிலுள்ள யோர்க் (York), நியு காஸ்டில் (Newcastle) மற்றும் “டர்ஹம்” (Durham) சிறைச் சாலைகளுக்கு அனுப்பப்பட்டார். அங்கே அவர், புனிதர் “ஜான் போஸ்ட்”(John Boste) போன்றோருடன் சேர்த்து விசாரிக்கப்பட்டார்.

வெளிநாடுகளில் குருத்துவம் பெற்ற கத்தோலிக்க குருக்களுக்கு இங்கிலாந்து நாட்டில் தடை இருந்தது. தடையை மீறி அங்கே இருப்பது, இராஜதுரோகமாக கருதப்பட்டது. இங்கிலாந்தில் அவர் எப்போதுமே ஒரு கத்தோலிக்க குருவாக செயல்பட்டதற்கான எந்தவித ஆதாரமும் இல்லாதிருந்தும், மேற்படி சட்டப்படி, வடக்கு இங்கிலாந்தின் “டர்ஹாம்” (Durham) நகரிலுள்ள “அஸ்ஸிஸஸ்” (Assizes) எனப்படும் ஒரு விசாரணை நீதிமன்றத்தால் கி.பி. 1594ம் ஆண்டு, ஜூலை மாதம், 23ம் நாளன்று தண்டிக்கப்பட்டார். ஸ்காட்லாந்தில் உள்ள யாரோ ஒருவர், இன்க்ராமின் தண்டனையிலிருந்து காப்பாற்றுவதற்காக, ஆயிரம் கிரீடங்களை ஆங்கில அரசாங்கத்திற்கு வழங்கியதற்கான சான்றுகள் உள்ளன. ஆனால், அவை அனைத்தும் வீணாயின. நியூகேஸ்டல் (Newcastle) அதிகாரிகள் மரணதண்டனை நிறைவேற்றுவதற்கான பொருப்பிலிருந்ததால், இங்க்ராம் நியூகேஸ்டல் நகரிலுள்ள நியூகேட் சிறைச்சாலைக்கு (Newgate Prison) மாற்றல் செய்யப்பட்டார். தண்டனை நாளான ஜூலை மாதம், 26ம் நாள், வெள்ளிக்கிழமையன்று, “கேட்ஸ்ஹெட் ஹை ஸ்ட்ரீட்” (Gateshead High Street) எனுமிடத்திலுள்ள பாலத்தின் (தற்போதைய தொங்குபாலம் (Swing Bridge) குறுக்கேயுள்ள தூக்கு மரத்துக்கு அழைத்துச் செல்லப்பட்டார்.

கி.பி. 1594ம் ஆண்டு, ஜூலை மாதம், 26ம் தேதி, “கேட்ஸ்ஹெட்” (Gateshead) நகரில் ஜான் இங்க்ராம் தூக்கிலிடப்பட்டார்.

Memorial

• 29 October as one of the Martyrs of Douai

• 1 December as one of the Martyrs of Oxford University

Profile

Son of Anthony Ingram of Wolford, Warwickshire, and Dorothy, daughter of Sir John Hungerford. Educated at Worcestershire and the New College, Oxford, England. Adult convert to Catholicism. Continued his education at the English College, Rheims, France; the Jesuit College, Pont-a-Mousson, France; and the English College, Rome, France. Ordained at Rome in 1589.

Missioner to Scotland in early 1592 supported by Lords Huntly, Angus, and Erroll, the Abbot of Dumbries, and Sir Walter Lindsay of Balgavies. Arrested on the Tyne River for his faith on 25 November 1593. Imprisoned at Berwick, Durgam, York, and the Tower of London. Tortured in the Tower for the names of other "traitorous" Catholics, he gave away nothing, ministered to and encouraged his fellow prisoners, and still wrote 20 Latin epigrams that have survived.

Relayed north again through prisons at York, Newcastle, and Durgan. Convicted, with Saint John Boste and Saint George Swallowell (the other two Durham Martyrs), for the high crime of priesthood. Some one in Scotland offered the English government 1,000 crowns as ransom for his life, but it was declined, and he was executed.

Born

1565 at Stoke Edith, Herefordshire, England

Died

hanged, drawn, and quartered on 26 July 1594 at Newcastle-on-Tyne near Durham, England

Beatified

15 December 1929 by Pope Pius XI

Blessed Andrew the Catechist

Also known as

• Andrew of Phuù Yeân

• Anrê of Phú Yên

Profile

Son of a devoutly Christian mother, Anrê was baptized at age 15 by Jesuit missionary Father Alexandre de Rhodes. Andrew became a catechist a year later. In 1643, with other catechists, he made a vow to serve the Church for the rest of his life. In 1644 he was arrested and beaten, the king having ordered a halt to Christianity and forbidding natives to join the religion. Andrew was offered a release by Mandarin Ong Nghe Bo if he would renounce the faith; he declined. Condemned on 26 July 1644, and executed the next day. Andrew was the first Vietnamese martyr.

Father de Rhodes retrieved the body and shipped it to Macao for burial. When the transport ship was attacked by pirates, it struck a rock, and a hole was torn in the hull. A large stone rolled into the gap, held out the water, and the ship was able to deliver its cargo.

Born

1625 at Ran Ran, Phú Yên (in modern Viet Nam)

Died

• hanged 26 July 1644 at Kè Khàm, Quang Nam (in modern Viet Nam)

• buried in Macao

Beatified

5 March 2000 by Pope John Paul II

Saint Bartholomea Capitanio

Additional Memorial

18 May (Sisters of Maria Bambina; Diocese of Brescia, Italy; Diocese of Bergamo, Italy; Archdiocese of Milan, Italy)

Profile

Daughter of an alcoholic corn-factor. Wanted to become a nun, but her family opposed the decision, and so she took a private vow of perpetual chastity, and began teaching and working with youth as a lay woman. Extensive correspondent, often writing on spirituality; many of letters were later collected and published.

With Saint Vincentia Gerosa, she founded the Sisters of Charity of Lovere in 1832. Based on the Rule of the Sisters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul, it was dedicated to teaching the young, and caring for the impoverished sick. The congregation received papal approval in 1840, and today has over 500 communities.

Born

13 January 1807 at Lovere, Bergamo, Italy

Died

26 July 1833 at Lovere, Bergamo, Italy of tuberculosis

Canonized

18 May 1950 by Pope Pius XII

Blessed William Ward

Also known as

William Webster

Additional Memorial

29 October as one of the Martyrs of Douai

Profile

Raised Protestant. Teacher. Travelled to Spain with a Catholic friend, and there joined the Church. Back home, he converted his mother. Repeatedly imprisoned for professing his faith. At 40 he went to Belgium to study for the priesthood. Ordained. Took the name Father William Ward. Travelled to Scotland where he was immediately thrown into prison for three years. He worked the next 30 years in and around London, secretly ministering to the Catholic population and the poor in general. Frequently jailed or banished. Eventually betrayed by a priest-hunter and thrown into Newgate Prison. Martyred, uttering the words: "Jesus, Jesus, Jesus, receive my soul!"

Born

c.1560 in England as William Webster

Died

hanged, drawn, and quartered on 26 July 1641 at Tyburn, London, England

Beatified

15 December 1929 by Pope Pius XI

Blessed Camilla Gentili

Profile

Born to the Italian nobility. Friend and supporter of the future Pope Benedict XIV. Suffered through an arranged marriage to the violent, abusive and anti-religious Baptiste Santucci who hated her family for their Catholicism, and in 1482 killed Pierozzo Grassi for being a pious Christian. Camilla intervened on her hubsand's behalf and saved him from punishment, but he later turned on her, killing her defying him, for visiting her mother, and for remaining a pious Catholic. Martyr.

Born

latter 15th century in San Severino Marche, Italy

Died

• stabbed in the throat and heart on 26 July 1486 on a farm in Uvaiolo, San Severino Marche, Italy

• buried in the family plot at the church of Santa Maria del Mercato (modern church of San Domenico)

Beatified

15 January 1841 by Pope Gregory XVI

Blessed Manuel Martín Sierra

Profile

Ordained in the diocese of Granada, Spain in 1915. Received a doctorate in theology. Teacher and chaplain at the seminary of Granada, Spain. Parish priest at the Divine Shepherdess church in Motril, Spain where he lived in poverty to help support the local poor, and worked endlessly for his parishioners. During the persecutions he sheltered the Daughters of Charity in his church. Found by anti-Christian forces, he was ordered to blaspheme to show his renunciation of the faith; he refused. Martyr.

Born

2 October 1892 in Churriana de la Vega, Granada, Spain

Died

shot on 26 July 1936 in the atrium of the Divine Shepherdess parish church in Motril, Granada, Spain

Beatified

7 March 1999 by Pope John Paul II

Blessed Edward Thwing

Additional Memorial

• 22 November as one of the Martyrs of England, Scotland, and Wales

• 29 October as one of the Martyrs of Douai

Profile

Second son of Thomas and Jane Thwing. Studied at the English College in Rheims, France, with the Jesuits at Pont-à-Mousson, France, and then in Rome, Italy. Taught rhetoric and logic in Rheims. Ordained in Laon, France in December 1588. Returned to England in 1597 to serve covert Catholics during a period of government persecution. Arrested for the crime of being a priest, he was imprisoned with Blessed Robert Nutter. The two escaped but were re-arrested in May 1600 and executed together a few weeks later. Martyr.

Born

Heworth, England

Died

hanged on 26 July 1600 at Lancaster, England

Beatified

22 November 1987 by Pope John Paul II

Blessed Vicente Pinilla Ibáñez

Also known as

Vicente of Saint Aloysius Gonzaga

Profile

Priest. Member of the Augustinian Recollects. Missionary to the Philippines. When anti-Christian persecutions began in the islands, he was transferred to Brazil, and later to Motril, Spain. Had a devotion to Our Lady of Consolation, was dedicated to hearing confessions, and loved working with children. Martryred in the Spanish Civil War.

Born

9 April 1870 in Calatayud, Zaragoza, Spain

Died

shot on 26 July 1936 in the atrium of the Divine Shepherdess parish church in Motril, Granada, Spain

Beatified

7 March 1999 by Pope John Paul II

Blessed Giuseppina Maria de Micheli

Also known as

• Maria Pierina De Micheli

• Sister Maria Pierina

Profile

Nun in the Congregation of the Daughters of the Immaculate Conception. She received a number of visions that led her to promote devotion to the Holy Face of Jesus.

Born

11 September 1890 in Milan, Italy

Died

26 July 1945 in Centonara d'Artò, Verbano-Cusio-Ossola, Italy of natural causes

Beatified

• 30 May 2010 by Pope Benedict XVI

• recognition celebrated in the Basilica of Saint Mary Major, Rome, Italy, celebrated by Archbishop Angelo Amato

Blessed Hugh of Sassoferrato

Also known as

• Hugh of Actes

• Hugh of Atti

• Hugues, Hugo, Ugo

Profile

Studied at Bologna, Italy. Spiritual student of Saint Silvester Guzzolini. Benedictine monk.

Born

c.1227 at Serra San Quirico, diocese of Camerino, Italy

Died

26 July 1250 at Sassoferrato, Italy of natural causes

Beatified

27 July 1757 by Pope Benedict XIV (cultus confirmed)

Patronage

Sassoferrato, Italy

Blessed Pierre-Joseph le Groing de la Romagère

Profile

Priest in the diocese of Bourges, France. Imprisoned on a ship in the harbor of Rochefort, France and left to die during the anti-Catholic persecutions of the French Revolution. One of the Martyrs of the Hulks of Rochefort.

Born

28 June 1752 in Saint-Sauvier, Allier, France

Died

26 July 1794 aboard the prison ship Deux-Associés, in Rochefort, Charente-Maritime, France

Beatified

1 October 1995 by Pope John Paul II

Blessed Marcel-Gaucher Labiche de Reignefort

Profile

Born

3 November 1751 in Limoges, Haute-Vienne, France

Died

26 July 1794 aboard the prison ship Deux-Associés, in Rochefort, Charente-Maritime, France

Beatified

1 October 1995 by Pope John Paul II

Blessed Marie-Madeleine Justamond

Also known as

Sister Catherine of Jesus

Additional Memorial

9 July as one of the Martyrs of Orange

Profile

Ursuline nun. Martyred in the French Revolution.

Born

6 September 1724 in Bollène, Vaucluse, France

Died

guillotined on 26 July 1794 in Orange, Vaucluse, France

Beatified

10 May 1925 by Pope Pius XI

Saint Austindus of Auch

Also known as

Ostent, Austinde

Profile

Benedictine monk at Saint Oren’s Abbey, Auch, France. Abbot. Instituted the Cluniac reform at Saint Oren’s. Archbishop of Auch in 1041. Helped restore Christian life in his and his suffragan dioceses following the Saracen invasion of Spain. Had to struggle with princes and civil authorities to keep Church rights, prerogatives and property.

Born

c.1000 in Bordeaux, France

Died

1068 at Auch, Aquitaine (in modern France) of natural causes

Saint Erastus

Profile

Treasurer of the city of Corinth, Greece. Convert, brought to the faith by Saint Paul the Apostle. Assisted Paul, especially around Corinth. Bishop of Philippi, Macedonia. Martyr.

Readings

Erastus, the city treasurer, and our brother Quartus greet you. - Romans 16:23

Then he sent to Macedonia two of his assistants, Timothy and Erastus, while he himself stayed for a while in the province of Asia. - Acts 19:22

Erastus remained in Corinth, while I left Trophimus sick at Miletus. - 2nd Timothy 4:20

Blessed Marie-Marguerite Bonnet

Also known as

Sister Saint Augustine

Additional Memorial

9 July as one of the Martyrs of Orange

Profile

Sacramentine nun. Martyred in the French Revolution.

Born

18 June 1719 in Sérignan, Vaucluse, France

Died

guillotined on 26 July 1794 in Orange, Vaucluse, France

Beatified

10 May 1925 by Pope Pius XI

Blessed élisabeth-Thérèse de Consolin

Additional Memorial

9 July as one of the Martyrs of Orange

Profile

Ursuline nun. Martyred in the French Revolution.

Born

9 June 1736 in Courthezon, Vaucluse, France

Died

guillotined on 26 July 1794 in Orange, Vaucluse, France

Beatified

10 May 1925 by Pope Pius XI

Blessed Marie-Claire du Bac

Also known as

Sister Claire of Saint Rosalie

Additional Memorial

9 July as one of the Martyrs of Orange

Profile

Ursuline nun. Martyred in the French Revolution.

Born

9 January 1727 in Laudun, Gard, France

Died

guillotined on 26 July 1794 in Orange, Vaucluse, France

Beatified

10 May 1925 by Pope Pius XI

Blessed Jacques Netsetov

Profile

Born to a Russian father and an Aleut mother. Studied at the seminary in Irkutsk, Russia. Priest. Missionary to the indigenous people on the Aleutian Islands, travelling by kayak and dogsled; he often had to deal with the opposition of native shamans. Translated the New Testament into the Youpik language.

Born

Alaska

Died

1865

Saint Benigno of Malcestine

Also known as

Bénigne

Profile

Augustinian hermit in the Malcesine area on the shore of Lake Garda near Verona, Italy c.800. Known for his piety, deep prayer life and wisdom, he was a much sought spiritual director.

Saint Simeon of Padolirone

Profile

Hermit. Pilgrim to Jerusalem, to Rome, Italy, to Compostella, Spain, and to Tours, France. Miracle worker. Monk at Padolirone Abbey near Padua, Italy.

Born

Armenia

Died

1016

Blessed Évangéliste of Verona

Also known as

Evangelist

Profile

13th century Augustinian hermit in the area of Verona, Italy. Priest.

Born

Verona, Italy

Died

1250 of natural causes

Beatified

1837 by Pope Gregory XVI (cultus confirmation)

Blessed Pérégrin of Verona

Also known as

Peregrine

Profile

13th century Augustinian hermit in the area of Verona, Italy. Priest.

Born

Verona, Italy

Died

1250 of natural causes

Beatified

1837 by Pope Gregory XVI (cultus confirmation)

Blessed George Swallowell

Profile

Layman schoolmaster and Protestant minister. Convert to Catholicism, which led to his execution. Martyr.

Born

Shadforth, Durham, England

Died

26 July 1594 at Darlington, England

Beatified

15 December 1929 by Pope Pius XI

Saint Symphronius the Slave

Profile

Slave in imperial Rome. Helped bring Saint Olympius the Tribune, Saint Exuperia the Martyr and Saint Theodulus the Martyr to the faith. Martyred in the persecutions of Valerian.

Died

burned to death in 257

Saint Olympius the Tribune

Profile

Married to Saint Exuperia the Martyr; father of Saint Theodulus the Martyr. Convert, brought to the faith by Saint Symphronius the Slave. Martyred in the persecutions of Valerian.

Died

burned to death in 257

Saint Exuperia the Martyr

Profile

Married to Saint Olympius the Tribune; mother of Saint Theodulus the Martyr. Convert, brought to the faith by Saint Symphronius the Slave. Martyred in the persecutions of Valerian.

Died

burned to death in 257

Saint Charus of Malcestine

Also known as

Caro

Profile

Augustinian hermit in the Malcesine area on the shore of Lake Garda near Verona, Italy c.800. Known for his piety, deep prayer life and wisdom, he was a much sought spiritual director.

Saint Theodulus the Martyr

Profile

Son of Saint Olympius the Tribune and Saint Exuperia the Martyr. Convert, brought to the faith by Saint Symphronius the Slave. Martyred in the persecutions of Valerian.

Died

burned to death in 257

Blessed Joris

Profile

Bishop in Armenia. Died while on pilgrimage.

Born

Armenian

Died

1033 at Bethune, Artois, France

Saint Gothalm

Profile

Monk in Melk, Austria.

Died

• 1020 of natural causes

• miracles reported at their tomb

Saint Pastor of Rome

Profile

Brother of Pope Pius I. Priest in Rome, Italy.

Died

c.160

Saint Hyacinth

Profile

Martyred in the persecutions of Trajan.

Died

c.110

Saint Valens of Verona

Profile

Bishop of Verona, Italy in 524.

Died

531

Saint Gérontios

Profile

Desert mountain hermit near the monastery of Saint Panteleimon.

Martyred in the Spanish Civil War

• Blessed Aleix Miquel Rossell

• Blessed Amadeu Amalrich Rasclosa

• Blessed Amadeu Costa Prat

• Blessed Amancio Marín Mínguez

• Blessed Antoni Jaume Secases

• Blessed Antonio Cerdá Cantavella

• Blessed Francesc Vidal Sanuy

• Blessed Gumersindo Valtierra Alonso

• Blessed José Elcano Liberal

• Blessed Josep Casademont Vila

• Blessed Josep Maria Jordá i Jordá

• Blessed Josep Masquef Ferré

• Blessed Lluís Plana Rabugent

• Blessed Manuel Jové Bonet

• Blessed Manuel Martín Sierra

• Blessed Miguel Oscoz Arteta

• Blessed Miquel Vilatimó Costa

• Blessed Onésimo Agorreta Zabaleta

• Blessed Pau Gili Pedrós

• Blessed Pau Roselló Borgueres

• Blessed Pere Caball Juncà

• Blessed Santiago Altolaguirre y Altolaguirre

• Blessed Senén López Cots

• Blessed Teófilo Casajús Alduán

• Blessed Vicente Pinilla Ibáñez

• Blessed Vicente Vázquez Santos

• Blessed Xavier Amargant Boada

• Blessed Xavier Sorribas Dot

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26 July 2021

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