Saint Drouet of Auxerre
Profile
Bishop of Auxerre, France.
Died
532 of natural causes
07 November 2020
Saint Maurus of Verdun November 8
Saint Maurus of Verdun
Profile
Bishop of Verdun, Gaul (in modern France) from 353 to 383.
Died
• 383 of natural causes
• relics enshrined in 9th century
• miracles reported at his tomb
Saint Moroc of Scotland November 8
Saint Moroc of Scotland
Profile
Abbot at Dunkeld, Scotland. Bishop of Dunblane, Scotland. Several churches are named for him, and he was venerated with a solemn office in the old Scottish rite.
Born
Scottish
Died
9th century of natural causes
Saint Wiomad of Trèves November 8
Saint Wiomad of Trèves
Also known as
Weomadus, Wiomagus
Profile
Benedictine monk at Saint Maximinus at Trèves (modern Trier, Germany) Abbot of the monastery of Mettlach, Germany. Bishop of Trèves c.770. Part of the court of Charlemagne.
Died
c.790
Saint Martinô Tho November 8
Saint Martinô Tho
Additional Memorial
24 November as one of the Martyrs of Vietnam
Profile
Layman martyr.
Born
c.1787 in Ke Báng, Nam Ðinh, Vietnam
Died
tortured and beheaded on 8 November 1840 Bay Mau, Hanoi, Vietnam
Canonized
19 June 1988 by Pope John Paul II
Saint Clair November 8
Saint Clair
Also known as
Clarus
Profile
Wealthy citizen of Tours, France; he gave up his wealth and position to become a monk at Marmoutier Abbey in Tours. Spiritual student of Saint Martin of Tours. Friend of Saint Sulpicius Severus and Saint Paulinus of Nola. Priest. Lived his later years as a hermit near the abbey.
Born
Tours, France
Died
c.397 of natural causes
Saint Giuse Nguyen Ðình Nghi November 8
Saint Giuse Nguyen Ðình Nghi
Also known as
Joseph Nghi
Profile
Priest in the apostolic vicariate of West Tonkin. Member of the Society of Foreign Missions of Paris. Martyr.
Born
c.1771 in Ke Voi, Hanoi, Vietnam
Died
beheaded on 8 November 1840 at Bay Mau, Hanoi, Vietnam
Canonized
19 June 1988 by Pope John Paul II
Saint Gregory of Einsiedeln November 8
Saint Gregory of Einsiedeln
Profile
While on pilgrimage to Rome, Italy he became a Benedictine monk, receiving the cowl on the Caelian Hill. In 949, on his way back to England he stopped at the abbey of Einsiedeln, Switzerland, and stayed to join the community. Abbot during the abbey's period of greatest growth and fame.
Born
Anglo-Saxon from England
Died
996
Saint John Baptist Con November 8
Saint John Baptist Con
Also known as
• Gioan Baotixta Còn
• Giovanni Battista Con
Additional Memorial
24 November as one of the Martyrs of Vietnam
Profile
Married layman. Martyr.
Born
c.1805 in Ke Báng, Nam Ðinh, Vietnam
Died
tortured and beheaded on 8 November 1840 Bay Mau, Hanoi, Vietnam
Canonized
19 June 1988 by Pope John Paul II
Blessed Maximino Serrano Sáiz November 8
Blessed Maximino Serrano Sáiz
Also known as
José Alfonso
Profile
Professed religious in the Brothers of the Christian Schools (De La Salle Brothers). Martyred in the Spanish Civil War.
Born
29 May 1887 in San Adrián de Juarros, Burgos, Spain
Died
8 November 1936 in Paracuellos de Jarama, Madrid, Spain
Beatified
13 October 2013 by Pope Francis
Saint Martinô Ta Ðuc Thinh November 8
Saint Martinô Ta Ðuc Thinh
Additional Memorial
24 November as one of the Martyrs of Vietnam
Profile
Priest in the apostolic vicariate of West Tonkin (in modern Vietnam). Martyred in the persecutions of Emperor Thieu Tri.
Born
c.1760 in Ke Sat, Hanoi, Vietnam
Died
tortured and beheaded on 8 November 1840 Bay Mau, Hanoi, Vietnam
Canonized
19 June 1988 by Pope John Paul II
Saint Phaolô Nguyen Ngân November 8
Saint Phaolô Nguyen Ngân
Additional Memorial
24 November as one of the Martyrs of Vietnam
Profile
Priest in the apostolic vicariate of West Tonkin (in modern Vietnam). Martyred in the persecutions of Emperor Thieu Tri.
Born
c.1771 in Ke Biên, Thanh Hóa, Vietnam
Died
tortured and beheaded on 8 November 1840 Bay Mau, Hanoi, Vietnam
Canonized
19 June 1988 by Pope John Paul II
Saint Tysilio of Wales November 8
Saint Tysilio of Wales
Also known as
Suliac, Suliau, Tyssel, Tyssilo
Profile
Born to the Welsh royalty, the son of prince Brochwel Ysgythrog. Monk, and then abbot in Meifod, Montgomeryshire, Wales. The nearby town of Llandysilio, Wales is named for him. He founded several churches throughout Wales. May have moved to Brittany, but records are unclear.
Born
c.600 in Wales
Died
c.640 of natural causes
Blessed Manuel Sanz Domínguez November 8
Blessed Manuel Sanz Domínguez
Also known as
Manuel of the Holy Family
Profile
Priest in the Diocese of Madrid, Spain. Member of the Order of Saint Jerome, restorer. Martyred in the Spanish Civil War.
Born
31 December 1887 in Sotodosos, Guadalajara, Spain
Died
between 6 and 8 November 1936 in Paracuellos de Jarama, Madrid, Spain
Beatified
27 October 2013 by Pope Benedict XVI
Saint Gervadius November 8
Saint Gervadius
Also known as
Garnat, Garnet, Gernad, Gerardin, Gerardine, Gernard, Gernardius, Gervat
Profile
Hermit at Kenedor and Holyman Head in Scotland, where he lived in a cave. He would light torches at night to warn ships away from the dangerous rocks along the shore. His cave survived into the 19th century, being a place of pilgrimage before being quarried out. Legend says that once when he needed wood to complete construction of a church, a great storm struck upriver of him, washing enough timber down river to finish the work.
Born
Irish
Died
c.934
Four Crowned Martyrs November 8
Four Crowned Martyrs
Profile
Saint Castorus, Saint Claudius, Saint Nicostratus, and Saint Simpronian. Skilled stone carvers in the 3rd century quarries. Martyred when they refused to carve an idol of Aesculapius for Diocletian.
Died
drowned in the River Sava in 305
Patronage
• against fever
• cattle
• sculptors
• stone masons, stonecutters
Saint Cybi of Caenarvon November 8
Saint Cybi of Caenarvon
புனித_சிபி (ஆறாம் நூற்றாண்டு)
நவம்பர் 08
இவர் இங்கிலாந்து நாட்டிலுள்ள கோன்வால் என்ற இடத்தில் பிறந்தவர். இவரது தந்தை கோன்வாலை ஆட்சிசெய்த மன்னர் என்பது குறிப்பிடத்தக்கது.
சிறுவயதிலிருந்தே இறைவன்மீது மிகுந்த பற்றுக்கொண்டு வாழ்ந்த இவர் வளர்ந்து பெரியவரானபோவது, உரோமைக்கும் எருசலேமிற்கும் திருப்பயணம் மேற்கொண்டார். அங்கு இவர் ஒரு சில துறவிகளின் வாழ்வால் தூண்டப்பெற்று, துறவியாகவும் பின்னாளில் ஆயராகவும் உயர்ந்தார்.
ஆயராக உயர்ந்த பிறகு இவர் தன்னுடைய சொந்த நாட்டிற்குத் திரும்பி வந்தார். அப்பொழுது இவரது தந்தை இறந்ததை அறிந்து, சில நாள்களுக்கு இவர் கோன்வாலின் மன்னராக இருந்தார்.
அது இவருக்கு மனநிறைவைத் தராததால், அவ்வாழ்க்கையைத் துறந்துவிட்டு, பல்வேறு இடங்களுக்கச் சென்று நற்செய்தி அறிவித்தார். பல கோயில்களைக் கட்டியெழுப்பினார். இவ்வாறு இறைப்பணிக்கென தன்னை முழுவதும் அர்ப்பணித்த இவர், 555 ஆம் ஆண்டு இறையடி சேர்ந்தார்.
Also known as
Cuby, Gybi, Kebius, Kybi
Additional Memorial
13 August in Cornwall
Profile
May have been the son of Saint Selevan; may have been the cousin of Saint David of Wales. Itinerent hermit, evangelist, monk and abbot. Found of the monastery of Caer Gybi (Cybi's Fort) at Holyhead, Anglesey, Wales, located within the walls of an ancient Roman fort, and is still venerated there. Missionary bishop to the area around the monastery. Friend of Saint Seiriol. Many exaggerated stories grew up around him.
Born
6th century Cornish
Pope Saint Adeodatus I November 8
Pope Saint Adeodatus I
Also known as
Deusdedit
Profile
Son of Stephen, a subdeacon. Pope. Supported the clergy who were being repressed by the politics of the day, trying to work their vocations during rebellions in Ravenna and Naples in Italy. Worked among victims of leprosy and an earthquake in his diocese. Said to have been the first to use bullae or lead seals for pontifical documents; hence the term Papal Bull. Many old Benedictine documents describe him as a Benedictine monk, but there is no outside evidence of it, and Deusdedit was known for his support of and dependance on the secular clergy.
Born
Rome, Italy
Papal Ascension
19 October 615
Died
• November 618 in Rome, Italy of natural causes
• buried in Saint Peter's Basilica
Saint Willehad of Bremen November 8
Saint Willehad of Bremen
† இன்றைய புனிதர் †
(நவம்பர் 8)
✠ புனிதர் வில்ஹேட் ✠
(St. Willehad)
மறைப்பணியாளர்/ திருயாத்திரீகர்/ ஆயர்:
(Missionary, Pilgrim and Bishop of Bremen:)
பிறப்பு: கி.பி. 735
நார்த்தும்ப்ரியா, இங்கிலாந்து
(Northumbria, England)
இறப்பு: நவம்பர் 8, 789
வெஸ்ஸெர் மீதுள்ள ப்லெக்ஸன், ஜெர்மன்
(Blexen upon Weser, Germany)
ஏற்றுக்கொள்ளும் சமயம்:
ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை
(Roman Catholic Church)
கிழக்கு மரபுவழி திருச்சபை
(Eastern Orthodox Church)
முக்கிய திருத்தலம்:
எக்டெர்னாக், லக்ஸம்பர்க்
(Echternach, Luxembourg)
நினைவுத் திருவிழா: நவம்பர் 8
பாதுகாவல்: சாக்ஸனி (Saxony)
புனிதர் வில்ஹேட், ஒரு கிறிஸ்தவ மறைப்பணியாளரும், திருயாத்திரீகரும், ஆயரும் ஆவார்.
தற்போதைய வடக்கு இங்கிலாந்து (North England) மற்றும் தென்கிழக்கு ஸ்காட்லாந்து ((South East Scotland)) பகுதிகளை உள்ளடக்கிய பிராந்தியமான நார்த்தும்ப்ரியாவில் ((Northumbria)) பிறந்த இவர், யார்க் (York) பேராயரான "எக்பேர்ட்" (Ecgbert) என்பவரின் மேற்பார்வையின் கீழே கல்வி கற்றார். ஆங்கிலேய கல்வியாளரும், இறையியலாளருமான "அல்குயின்" (Alcuin) நண்பரான அவர், கல்வியின் பின்னர் குருத்துவ அருட்பொழிவு பெற்றார். தற்போதைய நெதர்லாந்தின் (Netherlands) பெரும்பகுதியும், ஃபிரீஸ்லாந்து (Friesland) நாட்டின் சிறு பகுதியுமான "ஃபிரீசியா" (Frisia) என்னும் இடத்துக்கு கி.பி. 766ம் ஆண்டு பயணித்த இவர், கி.பி. 754ம் ஆண்டு, "ஃபிரீசியன்" (Frisian) இனத்தவரால் படுகொலை செய்யப்பட்டு, மறைசாட்சியாக மரித்த புனிதர் "போனிஃபேஸ்" (Boniface) என்பவரின் மறைப்பணிகளை தொடரும் நோக்கில், டச்சு வலுவூட்டப்பட்ட "டோக்கும்" (Dokkum) நகரம், மற்றும் நெதர்லாந்தின் மத்திய கிழக்கு பிராந்திய நகரான "ஓவரிஜ்செல்" (Overijssel) நகரங்களில் மதபோதனை செய்தார். கி.பி. 777ம் ஆண்டு, "பேட்ர்பார்னில்" (Paderborn) நடந்த ஒரு மாநாட்டில், சாக்சனி (Saxony) மிஷனரி மண்டலங்களாக (Missionary Zones) பிரிக்கப்பட்டது. வடமேற்கு ஜெர்மனியிலுள்ள (Northwestern Germany) "வெஸ்ஸர்" (Weser) எனும் நதி, மற்றும் மத்திய ஐரோப்பாவின் (Central Europe) முக்கிய பெரும் நதியான "எல்பி" (Elbe) ஆகிய இரண்டின் இடையேயுள்ள "விக்மோடியா" (Wigmodia) பிராந்தியம் வில்ஹேடுக்கு தரப்பட்டது.
வில்ஹேட், கி.பி. 780ம் ஆண்டு முதல், ஃபிராங்க்ஸ் அரசரும் (king of the Franks), தூய ரோமப் பேரரசருமான (Holy Roman Emperor) சார்லிமகன் (Charlemagne) அல்லது முதலாம் சார்லஸ் (Charles I) அவர்களின் ஆணையின் கீழ், "லோவர் வெஸ்ஸர்" (Lower Weser River) ஆற்றின் பிராந்தியங்களில் பிரசங்கித்தார்.
"ஃபிரீசியன்" (Frisian) இனத்தவர் அவரை கொலை செய்ய தேடியபோது, அங்கிருந்து தப்பியோடி மத்திய நெதர்லாந்தின் நகரான "உட்ரெட்ச்" (Utrecht) சென்றார். உள்ளூர் கோயில்கள் சிலவற்றை அழிப்பதற்காக அவர்களை கொள்வதற்காக பாகன் இனத்தவர்கள் தேடியபோது, அவரும் அவரது சக மிஷனரிகளை உயிர்தப்பி ஓடிப்போனார்கள். கடைசியாக, கி.பி. 780ம் ஆண்டு, சாக்ஸன் இனத்தவரிடையே மறைப்பணியாற்றுவதற்காக அவரை பேரரசர் முதலாம் சார்லஸ் அனுப்பினார். அவர் அங்கெ சாக்ஸன் இனத்தவரிடையே இரண்டு வருடங்கள் வரை மறைபோதகம் செய்தார். ஆனால், கி.பி. 782ம் ஆண்டு, சாக்ஸன் இன மக்களுள் சிலர், பேரரசர் முதலாம் சார்லஸின் எதிர்ப்பாளரான "விடுகைண்ட்"(Widukind) என்பவரது தலைமையில் கூடி, பேரரசருக்கு எதிராக கலகம் விளைவித்தனர். இதனால், வில்ஹேட் ஃபிரீசியாவுக்கு (Frisia) ஓடிச் செல்ல வேண்டிய கட்டாயம் ஏற்பட்டது. அவர் இந்த வாய்ப்பை ரோம் நகருக்கு பயணிக்க பயன்படுத்திக்கொண்டார். அங்கே, திருத்தந்தை முதலாம் அட்ரியன் (Pope Adrian I) அவர்களிடம் பணியாற்றினார்.
ரோம் நகரிலிருந்து திரும்பியதும், வில்ஹேட், தற்போதைய "லக்ஸம்பர்க்" (Luxembourg) நகரிலுள்ள "எக்டர்னாக்" (Monastery of Echternach) துறவுமட்டத்தில் சில காலம் ஒய்வு பெற்றார். அங்கே, தமது மிஷனரி குழுக்களை ஒன்றிணைக்க இரண்டு ஆண்டுகள் செலவிட்டார்.
பேரரசர் முதலாம் சார்லஸ் சாக்ஸன்களை வெற்றிகொண்டதும், வில்ஹேட் "லோவர் எல்பி" (Lower Elbe) மற்றும் "லோவர் வெஸ்ஸர்" நதிகளின் பிராந்தியங்களில் மறைபோதகம் செய்தார். கி.பி. 787ம் ஆண்டு, வில்ஹேட் ஆயராக அருட்பொழிவு செய்விக்கப்பட்டார். வெஸ்ஸர் நதியின் முகத்துவாரப் பகுதியான சக்ஸனி மற்றும் ஃ பிரீஸ்லாந்து பகுதிகள் (part of Saxony and Friesland) இவரது மறைமாவட்ட பகுதிகளாக இவருக்கு தரப்பட்டன. அவர், "ப்ரெம்மன்" (Bremen) நகரை தமது மறைமாவட்ட தலைமையகமாக தேர்வு செய்தார். கி.பி. 782ம் ஆண்டு, முதன்முதலாக ஆவணங்களில் "ப்ரெம்மன்" (Bremen) மறைமாவட்டமாக குறிக்கப்பட்டது. அங்கேயே ஒரு ஆலயமும் கட்டப்பட்டது. புனித அன்ஸ்கர் (Saint Ansgar) அவர்களால் அதன் அழகுக்காக புகழப்பட்ட இவ்வாலயம், கி.பி. 789ம் ஆண்டு, அர்ச்சிக்கப்பட்டது.
வில்ஹேட், கி.பி. 789ம் ஆண்டு, நவம்பர் மாதம், எட்டாம் தேதி, ஜெர்மன் நாட்டின் வெஸ்ஸெர் மீதுள்ள ப்லெக்ஸன் நகரில் மரித்தார். புதிதாய் கட்டப்பட்டு, தாம் மரிப்பதற்கு சிறிது காலம் முன்னால், தம்மால் அர்ச்சிக்கப்பட்ட ஆலயத்தில் அவர் அடக்கம் செய்யப்பட்டார்.
Also known as
Willihad of Bremen
Profile
Educated at York, England. Benedictine monk. Priest. Friend of Blessed Alcuin. Evangelist throughout western Europe. Worked in Frisia in 766, preaching in Dokkum, Overyssel, Humsterland, and Utrecht, but was driven out by violent pagans. Sent by Charlemagne to evangelize the Saxons in 780, but was expelled in 782 following a revolt by King Widukind against Charlemagne's rule. Pilgrim to Rome, Italy. Copied manuscripts at the abbey of Echternach. Following Charlemagne's re-conquest of the Saxons, Willehad became bishop of Bremen in 787, a seat he held until his death. Built the cathedral there, and many churches throughout his see.
Born
8th century in Northumbria, England
Died
789 in Bremen, Germany of natural causes
Patronage
Saxony
Blessed Maria Crucified Satellico November 8
Blessed Maria Crucified Satellico
Also known as
• Elisabetta Maria Satellico
• Maria Crocifissa
Profile
Daughter of Piero Satellico and Lucia Mander, she grew up in the home of her maternal uncle who was a priest. Weak and sickly as a child, she was strong in prayer, music and singing. "I want to become a nun," she said, "and if I succeed, I want to become a saint". Student in the Poor Clare Monastery of Ostra Vetere, and responsible for singing and playing the organ. Joined the Poor Clares at age 19, she made her religious profession on 19 May 1726, taking the name Maria Crucified. Abbess of her community.
Born
31 December 1706 at Venice, Italy as Elisabetta Maria Satellico
Died
• 8 November 1745 of natural causes
• buried at the Church of Saint Lucy in Ostra Vetere, Italy
Beatified
10 October 1993 by Pope John Paul II
Saint Godfrey of Amiens November 8
Saint Godfrey of Amiens
Also known as
Gaufrid, Geoffrey, Geoffroy, Geofroi, Gioffredo, Godefrid, Godefridus, Goffredo, Goffrey, Gofrido, Gotfrid, Gottfried, Jeffrey
Profile
Son of Frodon, a solid citizen in a small town. Raised from age 5 in the Benedictine abbey of Mont-Saint-Quentin where his godfather was abbot Godefroid, and where he immediately donned a Benedictine habit and lived as a tiny monk. He became a Benedictine monk when he came of age. Priest, ordained by bishop Radbod II of Noyon, France.
Abbot of Nogent-sous-Coucy, archdiocese of Rheims, Champagne province (in modern France) in 1096. When he arrived, the place was overrun by weeds and housed only six nuns and two children. He rebuilt, restored, and revitalized the abbey, bringing people to the Order, and Order to the people. Offered the abbacy of Saint-Remi, but refused. Offered the archbishopric of Rheims in 1097, but refused, claiming he was unworthy. Offered the bishopric of Amiens, France in 1104, and still considered himself unworthy of the trust; King Philip and the Council of Troyes each ordered him to take it, and so he did.
Noted for his rigid austerity - with himself, those around him, and in his approach to his mission as bishop. Enforced clerical celibacy. Fierce lifelong opponent of drunkeness and simony, which led to an attempt on his life. For most of his time as bishop, he wished to resign and retire as a Carthusian monk. In 1114 he moved to a monastery, but a few months later his people demanded his return, and he agreed. Took part in the Council of Chálons.
Though popular in life and death, his name did not appear on the calendars until the 16th century.
Born
c.1066 at Soissons, France
Died
c.1115
Blessed John Duns Scotus November 8
Blessed John Duns Scotus
† இன்றைய புனிதர் †
(நவம்பர் 8)
✠ அருளாளர் ஜான் டுன்ஸ் ஸ்கோட்டஸ் ✠
(Blessed John Duns Scotus)
தத்துவஞானி & இறையியலாளர்:
(Philosopher & Theologian)
பிறப்பு: கி.பி. 1266
துன்ஸ், பெர்விக், ஸ்காட்லாந்து அரசு
(Duns, Berwick, Kingdom of Scotland)
இறப்பு: நவம்பர் 8, 1308
கொலோன், புனித ரோம பேரரசு
(Cologne, Holy Roman Empire)
ஏற்கும் சமயம்:
ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை
(Roman Catholic Church)
அருளாளர் பட்டம்: மார்ச் 20, 1993
திருத்தந்தை இரண்டாம் ஜான் பால்
(Pope John Paul II)
முக்கிய திருத்தலம்:
ஃபிரான்சிஸ்கன் தேவாலயம், கொலோன், ஜெர்மனி
(Franciscan Church, Cologne, Germany)
நினைவுத் திருநாள்: நவம்பர் 8
பொதுவாக, டுன்ஸ் ஸ்கோட்டஸ் என்று அழைக்கப்படும் ஜான் டுன்ஸ், “உயர் மத்திய காலத்தைச்” (High Middle Ages) சேர்ந்த, மிகவும் பிரபலமான மூன்று தத்துவயியலாளர்கள் - இறையியலாளர்களில் ஒருவராவார். ஸ்கோட்டஸ் ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை மற்றும் மதச்சார்பற்றவர்களிடையே செல்வாக்கு பெற்றவராயிருந்தார். “இறைவன் உள்ளது” (Existence of God) பற்றியும், இறைவனின் அன்னை மரியாள் “ஜென்மப்பாவமின்றி கருத்தாங்கியது” (Immaculate Conception) பற்றியும் ஒரு சிக்கலான விவாதத்தை உருவாக்கியிருந்தார். இவருடைய ஊடுருவும் நுட்பமான சிந்தனை முறைக்காக, இவருக்கு (Doctor Marianus) எனும் முனைவர் பட்டம் தரப்பட்டது.
டுன்ஸ், கி.பி. 1291ம் ஆண்டு, மார்ச் மாதம், 17ம் நாள், இங்கிலாந்தின் “நார்தம்ப்ட்டனிலுள்ள” (Northampton) “பெனடிக்டின் சீர்திருத்த இல்லமான” (Benedictine Reform) “தூய ஆண்ட்ரூ” துறவுமடத்தில் (St Andrew's Priory) குருத்துவ அருட்பொழிவு பெற்றார். பின்னர், “தெற்கின் ராணி” (Queen of the South) என்றழைக்கப்படும் “டும்ஃபிரீஸ்” (Dumfries) எனுமிடத்தில், தமது மாமன் “எலியாஸ் டுன்ஸ்” (Elias Duns) என்பவர் பாதுகாவலராக இருக்கும் ஃபிரான்சிஸ்கன் இளம் துறவியர் மடத்தில் துறவியர் சீருடைகளைப் பெற்றார்.
பாரம்பரியங்களின்படி, இவர் “ஆக்ஸ்ஃபோர்டு, “தூய எப்பேஸ் ஆலயத்தின்” (St. Ebbe's Church, Oxford) பின்பகுதியிலுள்ள ஃபிரான்சிஸ்கன் பல்கலைக்கழகத்தில் கல்வி கற்றார்.
டுன்ஸ் ஸ்கோட்டஸ், ஆங்கிலேய திருச்சபை மாகாணத்தின் துறவிகள் குழுவில் பட்டியலிடப்பட்டிருந்ததால் கி.பி. 1300ல் ஆக்ஸ்ஃபோர்டில் இருந்தார். கி.பி. 1302ம் ஆண்டின் இறுதியில் "மதிப்புமிக்க பாரிஸ் பல்கலைக்கழகத்தில்" (Prestigious University of Paris) “பீட்டர் லொம்பார்ட்” வசனங்கள் (Peter Lombard's Sentences) குறித்து சொற்பொழிவாற்றத் தொடங்கினார்.
கி.பி. 1307ம் ஆண்டு, அக்டோபர் மாதம் அவர் மேற்கு ஜெர்மனியின் “கொலோன்” (Cologne) நகரிலுள்ள ஃபிரான்சிஸ்கன் பள்ளிக்கு பணிமாற்றல் செய்யப்பட்டார்.
டுன்ஸ் ஸ்கோட்டஸ், கி.பி. 1308ம் ஆண்டு, நவம்பர் மாதம், எதிர்பாராத விதமாக கொலோன் நகரில் இறந்தார். பிரசித்திபெற்ற “கொலோன் பேராலயத்தின்” (Cologne Cathedral) அருகேயுள்ள “ஃபிரான்சிஸ்கன் ஆலயத்தில்” (Franciscan church) அடக்கம் செய்யப்பட்டார்.
Also known as
• Doctor Subtilis
• Johannes Scotus
• The Subtle Doctor
Profile
Son of a wealthy farmer. Friar Minor at Dumfries where his uncle Elias Duns was superior. Studied at Oxford and Paris. Ordained 17 March 1291 at Saint Andrew's Church, Northampton at age 25. Lectured at Oxford and Cambridge from 1297 to 1301 when he returned to Paris to teach and complete his doctorate.
John pointed out the richness of the Augustinian-Franciscan tradition, appreciated the wisdom of Saint Thomas Aquinas, Aristotle and the Muslim philosophers, and still managed to be an independent thinker. His ideas led to the founding of a school of Scholastic thought called Scotism. In 1303 when King Philip the Fair tried to enlist the University of Paris on his side in a dispute with Pope Boniface VIII over the taxation of Church property, but John dissented and was given three days to leave France.
He returned to Paris in 1305, and received his doctorate. He then taught there, and in 1307 so ably defended the Immaculate Conception of Mary that the university officially adopted his position. Drawing on this work, Pope Pius IX solemnly defined the Immaculate Conception of Mary in 1854.
The Franciscan minister general assigned John to the Franciscan school in Cologne, Germany; he died there the next year.
Born
1266 at Duns, Berwick, Scotland
Died
• 8 November 1308 of natural causes at Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia (in modern Germany)
• buried in a Franciscan church near the Cologne cathedral
Beatified
6 July 1991 by John Paul II (cultus confirmed)
Saint Elizabeth of the Trinity November 8
Saint Elizabeth of the Trinity
Also known as
• Elizabeth Catez
• Élisabeth...
Profile
Daughter of Captain Joseph Catez and Marie Catez. Her father died when the girl was seven, leaving her mother to raise Elizabeth and her sister Marguerite. Noted as a lively, popular girl, extremely stubborn, given to fits of rage, with great reverence for God, and an early attraction to a life of prayer and reflection. Gifted pianist. She visited the sick and taught catechism to children.
Much against her mother's wishes, she entered the Discalced Carmelite monastery in Dijon, France on 2 August 1901. Though noted for great spiritual growth, she was also plagued with periods of powerful darkness, and her spiritual director expressed doubts over Elizabeth's vocation. She completed her noviate, and took her final vows on 11 January 1903. She became a spiritual director for many, and left a legacy of letters and retreat guides. Her dying words: I am going to Light, to Love, to Life!
Born
Sunday 18 July 1880 in a military camp in the diocese of Bourges, France as Elizabeth Catez
Died
9 November 1906 at Dijon, Côte-d'Or, France of Addison's disease, a hormone disorder whose side effects are painful and exhausting
Beatified
25 November 1984 by Pope John Paul II
Patronage
• against the death of parents
• against bodily ills, illness or sickness
• sick people
St. Castorius November 8
St. Castorius
Feastday:
Patron: of sculptors, stonemasons, stonecutters; against fever; cattle
St. Castorius is the patron saint of sculptors and his feast day is November 8th. Castorius, Claudius, Nicostratus, and Symphorian are called "the four crowned martyrs" who were tortured and executed in Pannonia, Hungary during the reign of Diocletian. According to legend, they were employed as carvers at Sirmium (Mitrovica, Yugoslavia) and impressed Diocletian with their art, as did another carver, Simplicius. Diocletian commissioned them to do several carvings, which they did to his satisfaction, but they then refused to carve a statue of Aesculapius, as they were Christians. The emperor accepted their beliefs, but when they refused to sacrifice to the gods, they were imprisoned. When Diocletian's officer Lampadius, who was trying to convince them to sacrifice to the gods, suddenly died, his relatives accused the five of his death; to placate the relatives, the emperor had them executed. Another story has four unnamed Corniculari beaten to death in Rome with leaden whips when they refused to offer sacrifice to Aesculapius. They were buried on the Via Lavicana and were later given their names by Pope Militiades. Probably they were the four Pannonian martyrs (not counting Simplicius) whose remains were translated to Rome and buried in the Four Crowned Ones basilica there. A further complication is the confusion of their story with that of the group of martyrs associated with St. Carpophorus in the Roman Martyrology under November 8th.
The designation Four Crowned Martyrs or Four Holy Crowned Ones (Latin, Sancti Quatuor Coronati) refers to nine individuals venerated as martyrs and saints in Early Christianity. The nine saints are divided into two groups:
Severus (or Secundius), Severian(us), Carpophorus (Carpoforus), Victorinus (Victorius, Vittorinus)
Claudius, Castorius, Symphorian (Simpronian), Nicostratus, and Simplicius
According to the Golden Legend, the names of the members of the first group were not known at the time of their death "but were learned through the Lord’s revelation after many years had passed."[1] They were called the "Four Crowned Martyrs" because their names were unknown ("crown" referring to the crown of martyrdom).
Severus (or Secundius), Severian(us), Carpophorus, and Victorinus were martyred at Rome or Castra Albana, according to Christian tradition.[2]
According to the Passion of St. Sebastian, the four saints were soldiers (specifically cornicularii, or clerks, in charge of all the regiment's records and paperwork) who refused to sacrifice to Aesculapius, and therefore were killed by order of Emperor Diocletian (284-305), two years after the death of the five sculptors, mentioned below. The bodies of the martyrs were buried in the cemetery of Santi Marcellino e Pietro on the fourth mile of the via Labicana by Pope Miltiades and St. Sebastian (whose skull is preserved in the church).
Second group
The second group, according to Christian tradition, were sculptors from Sirmium who were killed in Pannonia. They refused to fashion a pagan statue for the Emperor Diocletian or to offer sacrifice to the Roman gods. The Emperor ordered them to be placed alive in lead coffins and thrown into the river in about 287. Simplicius was killed with them.[1] According to the Catholic Encyclopedia,
[T]he Acts of these martyrs, written by a revenue officer named Porphyrius probably in the fourth century, relates of the five sculptors that, although they raised no objections to executing such profane images as Victoria, Cupid, and the Chariot of the Sun, they refused to make a statue of Æsculapius for a heathen temple. For this they were condemned to death as Christians. They were put into leaden caskets and drowned in the River Save. This happened towards the end of 305.[3]
The references in the text of the martyrs' passio to porphyry quarrying and masonry located at the 'porphyritic mountain' indicate that the story's setting is misplaced; there are no porphyry quarries in Pannonia and the only porphyry quarry worked in the ancient world is in Egypt. Mons Porphyrites was quarried to supply the rare and expensive imperial porphyry for the emperor's building works and statuary, for which it was exclusively set aside. Mons Porphyrites is in the Thebaid, which was a centre of Christian erimiticism in Late Antqiuity. The emperor Diocletian did indeed commission the extensive use of porphyry in his many building projects. Diocletian also visited the Thebaid during his reign, though he was more usually associated with the Balkans, which might explain why the story's location was transposed to Pannonia over time.[4]
Joint veneration
When the names of the first group were learned, it was decreed that they should be commemorated with the second group.[1] The bodies of the first group were interred by St. Sebastian and Pope Melchiades (Miltiades) at the fourth milestone on the Via Labicana, in a sandpit where there rested the remains of other executed Christians.
It is unclear where the names of the second group actually come from. The tradition states that Melchiades asked that the saints be commemorated as Claudius, Nicostratus, Simpronian, and Castorius. These same names actually are identical to names shared by converts of Polycarp the priest, in the legend of St. Sebastian.[5] According to the Catholic Encyclopedia, however, "this report has no historic foundation. It is merely a tentative explanation of the name Quatuor Coronati, a name given to a group of really authenticated martyrs who were buried and venerated in the catatomb of Saint Marcellinus and Pietro, the real origin of which, however, is not known. They were classed with the five martyrs of Pannonia in a purely external relationship."[3]
The bodies of the martyrs are kept in four ancient sarcophagi in the crypt of Santi Marcellino e Pietro. According to a lapid dated 1123, the head of one of the four martyrs is buried in Santa Maria in Cosmedin.
Confusion and conclusions
The rather confusing story of the four crowned martyrs was well known in Renaissance Florence, principally as told in the thirteenth-century Golden Legend by Jacopo da Voragine. It appears that the original four martyrs were beaten to death by order of the emperor Diocletian (r. AD 284-305). Their story became conflated with that of a group of five stonecarvers, also martyred by Diocletian, in this case because they refused to carve an image of a pagan idol. Due to their profession as sculptors, the five early Christian martyrs were an obvious choice for the guild of stonemasons, but their number seems often to have been understood to be four, as in this case.[6]
Problems arise with determining the historicity of these martyrs because one group contains five names instead of four. Alban Butler believed that the four names of group one, which the Roman Martyrology and the Breviary say were revealed as those of the Four Crowned Martyrs, were borrowed from the martyrology of the Diocese of Albano Laziale, which kept their feast on August 8, not November 8.[5] These four "borrowed" martyrs were not buried in Rome, but in the catacomb of Albano; their feast was celebrated on August 7 or August 8, the date under which is cited in the Roman Calendar of Feasts of 354.[3] The Catholic Encyclopedia wrote that the "martyrs of Albano have no connection with the Roman martyrs".[3]
The double tradition may have arisen because a second passio had to be written. It was written to account for the fact that there were five saints in group two rather than four. Thus, the story concerning group one was simply invented, and the story describes the death of four martyrs, who were soldiers from Rome rather than Pannonian stonemasons. The Bollandist Hippolyte Delehaye calls this invented tradition "l'opprobre de l'hagiographie" (the disgrace of hagiography).[5]
Delehaye, after extensive research, determined that there was actually only one group of martyrs – the stonemasons of group two - whose relics were taken to Rome.[5] One scholar has written that "the latest research tends to agree" with Delehaye's conclusion.[5]
The Roman Martyrology gives the stonemasons Simpronianus, Claudius, Nicostratus, Castorius and Simplicius as the martyrs celebrated on November 8, and the Albano martyrs Secundus, Carpophorus, Victorinus and Severianus as celebrated on August 8.[7]
Basilica of Santi Quattro Coronati
Basilica of Santi Quattro Coronati.
Main article: Santi Quattro Coronati
In the fourth and fifth centuries a basilica was erected and dedicated in honor of these martyrs on the Caelian Hill, probably in the general area where tradition located their execution. This became one of the titular churches of Rome, and was restored several times.
Veneration
The Four Crowned Martyrs were venerated early in England, with Bede noting that there was a church dedicated to them in Canterbury. This veneration can perhaps be accounted by the fact that Augustine of Canterbury came from a monastery near the basilica of Santi Quattro Coronati in Rome or because their relics were sent from Rome to England in 601.[5] Their connection with stonemasonry in turn connected them to the Freemasons. One of the scholarly journals of the English Freemasons is called Ars Quatuor Coronatorum,[5] and the Stonemasons of Germany adopted them as patron saints of "Operative Masonry."[8]
Depictions
Around 1385, they were depicted by Niccolò di Pietro Gerini.[9] Then in about 1415, Nanni di Banco fashioned a sculpture grouping the martyrs after he was commissioned by the Maestri di Pietra e Legname, the guild of stone and woodworkers, of which he was a member. These saints were the guild's patron saints. The work can be found in the Orsanmichele, in Florence.[10] Finally, they were also depicted by Filippo Abbiati.[11]
St. Pope Deusdedit November 8
St. Pope Deusdedit
Feastday: November 8
Death: 618
Pope from 615-618, also called Adeodatus I. He was the son of a subdeacon, Stephen, born in Rome. Consecrated pope on October 19,615, he became known for his care of the poor. An earthquake hit Rome in August 618, and he worked tirelessly during the disaster. He was the first pope to use bullae on documents. It is possible that he was originally a Benedictine.
Pope Adeodatus I (570 – 8 November 618), also called Deodatus I or Deusdedit, was the bishop of Rome from 19 October 615 to his death. He was the first priest to be elected pope since John II in 533. The first use of lead seals or bullae on papal documents is attributed to him. His feast day is 8 November.
Biography
Adeodatus was born in Rome, the son of a subdeacon named Stephen. He served as a priest for 40 years before his election and was the first priest to be elected pope since John II in 533.[1]
Pontificate
Almost nothing is known about Adeodatus I's pontificate.[1] It represents the second wave of opposition to Gregory the Great's papal reforms, the first being the pontificate of Sabinian. He reversed the practice of his predecessor, Boniface IV, of filling the papal administrative ranks with monks by recalling the clergy to such positions and by ordaining some 14 priests, the first ordinations in Rome since Gregory's pontificate.[2][1] According to tradition, Adeodatus was the first pope to use lead seals (bullae) on papal documents, which in time came to be called "papal bulls".[3] One bulla dating from his reign is still preserved, the obverse of which represents the Good Shepherd in the midst of His sheep, with the letters Alpha and Omega underneath, while the reverse bears the inscription: Deusdedit Papæ.[4]
In August 618, an earthquake struck Rome, followed by an outbreak of scabies. Adeodatus died 8 November 618, and was eventually succeeded by Boniface V.[1] His feast day is 8 November.[4] He is also a saint in the Orthodox Church as one of the pre-Schism "Orthodox Popes of Rome".[5]
Saint Amarand November 7
Saint Amarand
Profile
Abbot of Moissac, France. Bishop of Albi, Italy.
Died
c.700
Saint Blinlivet November 7
Saint Blinlivet
Also known as
Blevileguetus
Profile
Ninth century bishop of Vannes, France.
Saint Congar November 7
Saint Congar
Also known as
Cungaro
Profile
No reliable information available.
Born
Wales
Saint Auctus of Amphipolis November 7
Saint Auctus of Amphipolis
ProfileMartyr.
Died
Amphipolis, Macedonia
Saint Baud of Tours November 7
Saint Baud of Tours
Also known as
Baldo
Profile
Sixth century bishop of Tours, France, noted for his alms-giving.
Saint Thessalonica of Amphipolis November 7
Saint Thessalonica of Amphipolis
Profile
Martyr.
Died
Amphipolis, Macedonia
Saint Taurio of Amphipolis November 7
Saint Taurio of Amphipolis
Also known as
Taurion
Profile
Martyr.
Died
Amphipolis, Macedonia
Saint Prosdocimus of Rieti November 7
Saint Prosdocimus of Rieti
Profile
Evangelizing first bishop of Rieti, Italy.
Born
1st century
Died
Rieti, Italy
Saint Amaranthus November 7
Saint Amaranthus
Also known as
Amaranto
Profile
Third century martyr.
Died
• at Vieux, France
• relics in the Cathedral of Albi, France
Saint Nicander of Mytilene November 7
Saint Nicander of Mytilene
Profile
Martyred in the persecutions of Diocletian.
Born
Armenia
Died
c.300 at Mytilene, Greece
Saint Hesychius of Mytilene November 7
Saint Hesychius of Mytilene
Profile
Martyred in the persecutions of Diocletian.
Born
Armenia
Died
c.300 at Mytilene, Greece
Saint Achillas November 7
Saint Achillas
Profile
Bishop of Alexandria, Egypt. Ordained Arius, the founder of the Arian heresy. Attacked by Meletianists for his orthodox Christianity.
Died
313 of natural causes
Saint Anthony of Ancyra November 7
Saint Anthony of Ancyra
Profile
Son of Saints Melasippus and Carina of Ancyra. Martyred at age 13 in the persecutions of Julian the Apostate.
Died
latter 4th century in Ancyra, Galatia
Saint Carina of Ancyra November 7
Saint Carina of Ancyra
Also known as
Cassina
Profile
Married to Saint Melassipus of Ancyra. Mother of Saint Anthony of Ancyra. Martyred in the persecutions of Julian the Apostate.
Died
latter 4th century in Ancyra, Galatia
Saint Melasippus of Ancyra November 7
Saint Melasippus of Ancyra
Also known as
Melasippo
Profile
Married to Saint Carina of Ancyra. Father of Saint Anthony of Ancyra. Martyred in the persecutions of Julian the Apostate.
Died
latter 4th century in Ancyra, Galatia
Blessed Lazarus the Stylite November 7
Blessed Lazarus the Stylite
Profile
Set an example of turning his back on the world and living for prayer by living without shelter on top of a series of columns for many year, often surviving on nothing but bread and water.
Died
1054 on Mount Galision near Ephesus, Asia Minor of natural causes
Saint Hieron of Mytilene november 7
Saint Hieron of Mytilene
Also known as
Gerone, Ierone
Profile
Martyred with several fellow Christians in the persecutions of Diocletian.
Born
Armenia
Died
c.300 at Mytilene, Greece
Saint Herculanus of Perugia November 7
Saint Herculanus of Perugia
Also known as
Ercolano, Herculan
Profile
Bishop of Perugia, Italy. Martyred under orders of Ostro-Gothic leader Totila.
Died
beheaded 549 by Ostro-Gothic soldiers
Patronage
Perugia, Italy
Saint Ernest of Mecca November 7
Saint Ernest of Mecca
Also known as
Ernest of Zwiefalten
Profile
Benedictine monk and then abbot at Zwiefalten Abbey in southern Germany. Crusader, making it to Arabia. Martyr.
Born
Steißlingen, Germany
Died
1148 in Mecca
Saint Gébétrude of Remiremont November 7
Saint Gébétrude of Remiremont
Also known as
Gertrude of Remiremont
Profile
Grandaughter of Saint Romaricus. Niece of Saint Clare. Sister of Saint Adolphus. Educated at the convent at Saint-Mont where she became a Benedictine nun. Third abbess of Remiremont Abbey.
Died
c.680
Beatified
1051 by Pope Saint Leo IX (cultus confirmation)
Saint Florentius of Strasbourg November 7
Saint Florentius of Strasbourg
Also known as
Florent
Profile
Immigrated to Alsace (in modern France), and built a monastery at Haselac. Bishop of Strasbourg, France in 678.
Born
Ireland
Died
c.693
Patronage
• against gall stones
• against ruptures
Saint Tremorus of Brittany November 7
Saint Tremorus of Brittany
Also known as
Trémeur
Profile
Son of Saint Triphina. Educated by Saint Gildas the Wise. Murdered as a child by his step-father, Count Conmore due to his hatred of the faith.
Died
6th century at a monastery at Carhaix, Brittany (in modern France)
Patronage
Carhaix, France
Representation
child holding his own severed head and a palm branch of martyrdom
Blessed Lucia of Settefonti November 7
Blessed Lucia of Settefonti
Profile
Twelfth-century nun in the Camaldolese monastery of Santa Cristina in Ozzana Emilia, Italy. Abbess of her house. Noted for her personal piety, and as a pious and charitable leader of her sisters.
Died
• 12th century Italy of natural causes
• relics enshrined in the church of Sant’Adrea di Ozzano by Cardinal Paleotti on 7 November 1573
Beatified
1779 by Pope Pius VI (cultus confirmation)
Saint Prosdocimus of Padua November 7
Saint Prosdocimus of Padua
Also known as
Prosdecimus, Prosdocimo, Prosdozimus
Profile
First bishop of Padua, Italy; he evangelized the entire region. Baptized Saint Daniel of Padua, who served him as deacon. Tradition says Prosdocimus was sent Saint Peter the Apostle.
Died
• c.100
• entombed is situated at the basilica of Santa Giustina at Padua, Italy
Patronage
• Asolo, Italy
• Cittadella, Italy
• Padua, Italy
Saint Jacinto Castañeda Puchasóns November 7
Saint Jacinto Castañeda Puchasóns
Also known as
Hyacint, Hyacinth
Additional Memorial
24 November as one of the Martyrs of Vietnam
Profile
Dominican priest. Missionary to the Philippines, China, and Tonkin. Martyr.
Born
13 November 1743 in Xàtiva, Valencia, Spain
Died
beheaded on 7 November 1773 in Ðong Mo, Ha Tay, Vietnam
Canonized
19 June 1988 by Pope John Paul II
Saint Vincenzo Grossi November 7
Saint Vincenzo Grossi
Profile
One of seven children born to Baldassare Grossi and Maddalena Capellini. Ordained a priest in the diocese of Lodi, Italy on 22 May 1869. Noted for this simple austere life style, and the humour and trust in Christ that he brought to it. Founded the Daughters of the Oratory for the Christian eduction of young people.
Born
9 March 1845 in Pizzighettone, Cremona, Italy
Died
7 November 1917 in Vicobellignano, Cremona, Italy of natural causes
Canonized
18 October 2015 by Pope Francis at Rome, Italy
Saint Vincent Liêm November 7
Saint Vincent Liêm
Also known as
• Vincent Liêm Quang Lê
• Vinh-son Le Quang Liem
• Vinh-son Liêm Quang Lê
Additional Memorial
24 November as one of the Martyrs of Vietnam
Profile
Born to the Tonkinese nobility. Studied in the Philippines. Joined the Dominicans in 1753, making his solemn profession in 1754. Ordained in 1758. Returned to Tonkin in January 1759 where he served as missionary and evangelist. Imprisoned for preaching Christianity, he preached to prisoners. Martyr.
Born
c.1732 in Trà Lu, Nam Ðinh, Vietnam
Died
beheaded on 7 November 1773 in Ðong Mo, Ha Tay, Vietnam
Canonized
19 June 1988 by Pope John Paul II
Blessed Anthony Baldinucci November 7
Blessed Anthony Baldinucci
Profile
Joined the Jesuits on 21 April 1681. He taught in Rome and Terni, Italy. Ordained on 28 October 1695. Parish missioner in the area of Colli Albani, Frascati and Viterbo, Italy, preaching 448 missions. Noted for organizing processions during which Anthony and many of his flock wore crowns of thorns, and scourged themselves. His missions were popular, drawing crowds so large that they had to be conducted outdoors; Anthony employed a crowd control gang of thugs - and then converted them all to the faith. Also noted for his spread of devotion to the Blessed Virgin Mary whose image was always carried on his missions.
Born
19 June 1665 in Florence, Italy
Died
6 November 1717 of natural causes
Beatified
23 April 1893 by Pope Leo XIII
Saint Engelbert of Cologne November 7
Saint Engelbert of Cologne
Also known as
Engelbert of Berg
Profile
Son of the influential Count Englebert of Berg and Margaret, daughter of the Count of Gelderland. Studied at the cathedral school at Cologne, Germany. In a time when clerical and episcopal positions were a part of political patronage, Englebert was made provost of churches in Cologne and Aachen, Germany while still a young boy, and of the Cologne cathedral at age 14. He led a worldly and dissolute youth; known for his good looks, keen mind, and wild ways. Englebert went to war to support his cousin, Archbishop Adolf, against Archbishop Bruno; for this, and for threatening to attack the Holy Roman Emperor Otto IV, both Engelbert and Adolf were excommunicated in 1206.
In 1208 Engelbert publicly submitted to the pope's authority, and was received back into the Church. He fought the Albigensians in 1212. Chosen archbishop of Cologne on 29 February 1216. By this point, Engelbert had mellowed somewhat, and cared about his see, but still had worldly ambitions. To preserve the possessions and revenues of his see and the countship of Berg, he went to war with the Duke of Limburg and the Count of Cleves, restored civil order, demanded the allegiance of his nobles, erected defences around his lands, and even prosecuted family members when needed. He enforced clerical discipline, helped establish the Franciscans in his diocese in 1219 and the Dominicans in 1221, built monasteries and insisted on strict observance in them, and used a series of provincial synods to regulate church matters.
Engelbert was appointed guardian of the juvenile King Henry VII and administrator of the Holy Roman Empire by Emperor Frederick II in 1221. He supervised the kingdom and the king's education, and placed the crown himself during Henry's coronation in 1222. Worked for a treaty with Denmark at the Diet of Nordhausen on 24 September 1223.
However, for all that he was loved by his people for the stability and security he brought, many of the nobility hated and feared him, and the archbishop had to travel with a troupe of bodyguards. Pope Honorius III and Emperor Frederick II advised Engelbert to protect the nuns of Essen who were being oppressed and harassed by Engelbert's cousin, Count Frederick of Isenberg. To prevent action by the archbishop, Count Frederick and some henchmen ambushed Engelbert on the road from Soest to Schwelm, stabbing him 47 times. Considered a martyr as he died over the defense of religious sisters.
Born
c.1185 at Berg in modern Germany
Died
• stabbed to death on the evening of 7 November 1225 near Schwelm, Germany
• relics translated to the old cathedral of Cologne, Germany on 24 February 1226
Canonized
• no formal canonization
• proclaimed a venerated martyr by Cardinal Conrad von Urach on 24 February 1226, and by Archbishop Ferdinand in 1618
• listed in the Roman Martyrology
St. Melasippus November 7
St. Melasippus
Feastday: November 7
Death: 360
Martyr with Carina, his wife, and Anthony, their son. They suffered at Ancyra. Melasippus and Carina died under torture. Anthony was beheaded.
St. Hieron November 7
St. Hieron
Feastday: November 7
Death: 300
Martyr with Hesychius, Nicander, and thirty Armenians. They suffered at Melitene.
St. Hyacinth Castaneda November 7
St. Hyacinth Castaneda
Feastday: November 7
Death: 1773
Martyr of Vietnam and a Dominican. Born in Setavo, Spain, he was sent to China and then Vietnam. Hyacinth was beheaded in Vietnam. He was canonized in 1988.
St. Cumgar Facts November 7
St. Cumgar
Facts
Feastday: November 7
Death: 6th or 8th century
Monastic founder, possibly identified with St. Docuinus. A native of Devon, he founded monasteries at Budgworth, Somerset, England, and at West Glamorgan, Wales. He was buried at Somerset.
நவம்பர் 7 * வி. பீட்டர் யு *
* இன்றைய புனிதர்கள் *
நவம்பர் 7
* வி. பீட்டர் யு *
(1768-1814)
சீனாவில் வாழ்ந்து இயேசுவுக்காக தியாகியாக இருந்த பல புனிதர்களில் பீட்டர் யூவும் ஒருவர். கிறிஸ்தவமல்லாத பெற்றோருக்குப் பிறந்த யூ, சிறுவயதிலிருந்தே நல்லொழுக்கங்களால் நிறைந்திருந்தார். எல்லா வகையிலும் இருந்த யூ, எப்போதும் ஏழைகளுக்கு உதவவும், ஏழைகளுக்கு உதவவும் முயன்றார். அவர் இளமையாக இருந்தபோது, ஒரு பெரிய ஹோட்டலைத் தொடங்கினார். வர்த்தகம் பெருகிக் கொண்டிருந்த நேரத்தில் அவர் திருமணம் செய்து கொண்டார். யு மிகவும் உற்சாகமாகவும் பேசக்கூடியதாகவும் இருந்தது. அந்த நேரத்தில் கிறிஸ்தவ மிஷனரிகள் ஒரு குழு அவரது தாயகத்திற்கு வந்தது. அவர்களின் பேச்சும் நடத்தையும் யூவைக் கவர்ந்தது. கடவுள் மீதான தனது நம்பிக்கை தவறான பாதையில் இருப்பதை அவர் உணர்ந்தார். அவர் வீடு திரும்பி தனது கடவுள்களின் எல்லா உருவங்களையும் அழித்த பிறகு, அவர் முழுக்காட்டுதல் பெற்று ஒரு கிறிஸ்தவராக ஆனார். பீட்டர் என்ற பெயரை ஏற்றுக்கொண்டார். அவர் சென்ற இடமெல்லாம் கிறிஸ்துவைப் பற்றி பேசிக் கொண்டிருந்தார். யூவின் பேச்சு பலரை இயேசுவிடம் ஈர்க்க முடிந்தது. அந்த நாட்டில் கிறிஸ்தவர்களை வழிநடத்தியது யு. பின்னர் அவர் சீனாவின் பல பகுதிகளுக்குச் சென்று சுவிசேஷம் செய்தார். கிறிஸ்தவத்தை அடக்க அதிகாரிகள் முயன்றபோது யு கைது செய்யப்பட்டார். சிறைச்சாலை சித்திரவதை. ஆனால் அவர் இயேசுவை மறுக்க மறுத்துவிட்டார். சிறையில் தன்னுடன் இருந்தவர்களையும் அவர் மாற்றி, அவர்களை இயேசுவின் சீஷர்களாக மாற்றினார். அதிகாரிகள் பீட்டர் யூவை சிலுவையில் அறையுமாறு கட்டளையிட்டனர். அவர் அதற்குத் தயாராக இல்லை என்பதைக் கண்டதும் அவர் தூக்கிலிடப்பட்டார். அக்டோபர் 1, 2000 அன்று போப் இரண்டாம் ஜான் பால் பீட்டர் யூவை நியமனம் செய்தார்.
*SAINT OF THE DAY*
Feast Day: November 7
*St. Peter Ou*
(1768 -1814)
St. Peter Ou is one of the Martyrs of China. He was born to a non-Christian family in 1768. As a young man, he was outspoken with had a deep understanding of justice, and would eventually come to the defense of the poor and oppressed.
He married and ran his own business, which was a large hotel. He was one of the first to convert to Christianity after missionaries arrived in his area, and he took the name Peter at his baptism. He enthusiastically preached Christianity to anyone who came by, later becoming a lay leader of the converts in his district. He also worked as a catechist.
In 1814, he was imprisoned and tortured in a violent backlash against the faith. Under these conditions, he continued to inspire his fellow prisoners in the faith, and he led prayer services in the cells. He was sentenced to death for refusing to apostatize by stepping on a crucifix.
St. Peter Ou was canonized by Pope John Paul II in 2000.
புனித_அக்கிலஸ் (-313)நவம்பர் 07
புனித_அக்கிலஸ் (-313)
நவம்பர் 07
இவர் எகிப்தில் உள்ள அலெக்சாந்திரியா நகரைச் சார்ந்தவர்.
கல்வியிலும் இறைப் பற்றிலும் சிறந்து விளங்கிய இவர், முதலில் அலெக்சாந்திரியா நகரின் ஆயராகவும், பின்னர் பதினெட்டாவது திருத்தந்தையாகவும் உயர்த்தப்பட்டார்.
இவருடைய காலத்தில் திரு அவைக்குப் பல தரப்பிலிருந்தும் எதிர்ப்புகள் வந்தன. குறிப்பாக ஆரியன் என்ற குருவானவர் இயேசு கிறிஸ்துவின் இறைத் தன்மையை மறுத்து வந்தார். அவரை எதிர்த்து இவர் போராடியதால், அவர் தன்னோடு ஒருசிலரைச் சேர்த்துக் கொண்டு இவருக்கு எதிராகக் கிளர்ச்சி செய்தார். அப்படிப்பட்ட சூழ்நிலையிலும் இவர் மனவுறுதி இருந்து, அவரையும், அவருடைய தப்பறைக் கொள்கையையும் முறியடித்தார்.
இப்படித் திருஅவையைத் தப்பறைக் கொள்கையிலிருந்தும், எதிரிகளிடமிருந்தும் காப்பாற்றிய இவர், 313 ஆம் ஆண்டு இறையடி சேர்ந்தார்.
புனித அத்தனாசியஸ் இவரிடமிருந்த அறிவையும் ஞானத்தையும் பார்த்துவிட்டு, இவரை பெரிய அக்கிலஸ் என்று அழைப்பது குறிப்பிடத்தக்கது.
✠ புனிதர் வில்லிப்ரார்ட் ✠(St. Willibrord)உட்ரெச்ட் ஆயர்:(Bishop of Utrecht)நவம்பர் 7
† இன்றைய புனிதர் †
(நவம்பர் 7)
✠ புனிதர் வில்லிப்ரார்ட் ✠
(St. Willibrord)
உட்ரெச்ட் ஆயர்:
(Bishop of Utrecht)
பிறப்பு: கி.பி. 658
நார்தும்ப்ரியா
(Northumbria)
இறப்பு: நவம்பர் 7, 739 (வயது 81)
எக்டேர்னாக், லக்ஸம்பர்க்
(Echternach, Luxembourg)
ஏற்கும் சமயம்:
ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை
(Roman Catholic Church)
கிழக்கு மரபுவழி திருச்சபை
(Eastern Orthodox Church)
ஆங்கிலிக்கன் சமூகம்
(Anglican Communion)
முக்கிய திருத்தலம்:
எக்டேர்னாக் (Echternach)
நினைவுத் திருநாள்: நவம்பர் 7
பாதுகாவல்:
வலிப்பு, கால்-கை வலிப்பு நோய், லக்ஸம்பர்க் (Luxembourg), நெதர்லாந்து (Netherlands), உட்ரெச்ட் பேராயம் (Archdiocese of Utrecht)
புனிதர் வில்லிப்ரார்ட், நவீன நெதர்லாந்தின் “ஃபிரைசியன்ஸ்" (Frisians) இன மக்களின் அப்போஸ்தலர் எனப்படுபவரும், “நார்தும்ப்ரியன்” (Northumbrian) துறவு புனிதரும் ஆவார். இவர், “உட்ரெச்ட்” (Utrecht) மறை மாவட்டத்தின் முதல் ஆயர் ஆவார்.
ஆரம்ப வாழ்க்கை:
வில்லிப்ரார்ட்டின் தந்தை பெயர் “வில்கில்ஸ்” (Wilgils) ஆகும். இவர் புதிதாய் கிறிஸ்தவ மதத்தை தழுவியவர் ஆவார். இவர் தமது மகன் வில்லிப்ரார்டை உலக பந்தங்களிலிருந்து விடுவித்து, “ரிப்பொன்” (Ripon) எனும் இடத்திலுள்ள துறவு மடத்தில் இணைக்க விரும்பினார். புனித ஆண்ட்ரூவுக்கு அர்ப்பணிக்கப்பட்ட, "வாக்குவன்மை" பற்றின இனச் சார்பற்ற சமூகத்தை (Oratory) நிறுவினார். (கி.பி. 1564ல், ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபையில் சார்புநிலையற்ற அருட்பணியாளர்கள் ரோம் நகரில் கூடி, பிரசங்கம் மற்றும் பிரபலமான சேவைகளை வழங்கும் அமைப்பினைத் தொடங்கி, பிற நாடுகளிலும் பரவச் செய்தனர்.
வில்லிப்ரார்ட், அன்றைய “யார்க்” மறைமாவட்ட ஆயர் (Bishop of York) “புனித வில்ஃபிரிடின்” செல்வாக்கின் கீழ் வளர்ந்தார்.
பின்னர், இவர் பெனடிக்டைன் (Benedictines) துறவு மடத்தில் இணைந்தார். நெடுங்கால துறவு வாழ்வில், மறைபோதனையுடன் தவ வாழ்வு வாழ்ந்த வில்லிப்ரார்ட், தமது 81ம் வயதில் மரணமடைந்தார்.
† Saint of the Day †
(November 7)
✠ St. Willibrord ✠
Bishop of Utrecht:
Born: 658 AD
Northumbria
Died: November 7, 739 (Aged 81)
Venerated in:
Roman Catholic Church
Eastern Orthodox Church
Anglican Communion
Major shrine: Echternach
Feast: November 7
Patronage:
Convulsions; Epilepsy; Epileptics; Luxembourg; Netherlands; Archdiocese of Utrecht, Netherlands
Saint Willibrord was a Northumbrian missionary saint, known as the "Apostle to the Frisians" in the modern Netherlands. He became the first Bishop of Utrecht and died at Echternach, Luxembourg.
Willibrord is not a name we associate with Irish saints. A native of Yorkshire, he spent some years of his training and was ordained in Ireland, so he is included in the Irish calendar of saints for this day. He was one of the first missionaries to what is now known as the Benelux countries: the image is a commemorative postage stamp from Luxemburg. Patrick Duffy gathers what is known about him.
The Irish connection:
Willibrord was a native of Yorkshire and was educated from an early age by St Wilfrid at Ripon. He was professed at fifteen and when Wilfrid was dislodged in 678, Willibrord went with two companions Egbert and Wigbert to Rath Melsigi in Ireland for further studies and formation. (Rath Melsigi, which is mentioned by Bede, is variously located at Clonmelsh, Co Carlow, at Mellifont, Co Louth, and at Mayo where Anglo-Saxon Gerald and his monks set up a monastery after the Synod of Whitby.) He was ordained a priest in Ireland and in 690 returned to England with his companions.
Mission:
Egbert had wanted to evangelize Frisia, but, instructed by a vision, he went to Iona to bring the Roman usage there. He persuaded his companions to go to Frisia. Wigbert went for two years and returned without success. Willibrord set out with a band of monks and was well received by Pepin of Herstal, duke, and prince of the Franks.
Approval and consecration by Pope Sergius I:
Willibrord’s first action was to visit Rome where he obtained approval for his mission and relics to set up churches from Pope Sergius I (687-701). His mission prospered and in 695, with Pepin’s recommendation, he went to Rome again and was consecrated archbishop of the Frisians and set up his metropolitan see at Utrecht.
The monastery at Echternach:
In 701 Willibrord established an important monastic centre at Echternach in what is now eastern Luxemburg. To this, he invited some monks from Ireland and it later developed as an important library and scriptorium in the Frankish empire. After the death of Pepin in 714 the pagan Frisian prince Radbod drove Willibrord out of Utrecht, but on Radbod’s death in 719, Willibrord was able to move not only into West Frisia but also east and north into Germany and Denmark.
Missionary methods:
Willibrord’s missionary methods show his conviction of the power of the Christian religion. In Denmark, he bought thirty slave-boys whom he educated as Christians. In Heligoland, he flouted the pagan custom of not drawing water without observing the strictest silence when he baptized three persons in a fountain and pronouncing the words aloud. He also killed some sacred cows for his companions to eat and incurred no retribution.
St Boniface joined Willibrord for three years before moving on further into Germany. Similar stories are told about Boniface and the cutting down the tree sacred to the god Thor and which people say is the origin of the Christmas tree.
The Calendar of St Willibrord:
The Calendar of St Willibrord is the 8th-century manuscript now in the National Library in Paris, which seems to have been written like a personal liturgical calendar of Willibrord and used in his household. It provides an index to those saints who were widely honoured in early eighth-century Europe, but also little-known saints from places as far away as Constantinople and Syria. A facsimile of the manuscript itself with an introduction and commentary on the saints commemorated was published for the Henry Bradshaw Society by H.A. Wilson (d.1927), one of England’s outstanding liturgical scholars.
Death and influence:
Willibrord died aged eighty-one at his monastery at Echternach. Very soon after his death, he was venerated as a saint and pilgrims came to his grave. St Bede (672-735) wrote an edifying account of his penance, devotion, and charity and St Boniface (672-754) mentions him in a letter so that his reputation soon spread throughout northern Europe. Alcuin (735-804) wrote a biography some years after his death. Willibrord is seen as a patron saint of the Benelux countries.
An annual dancing procession takes place in Echternach on Whit Tuesday to honour this saint of truly European dimension. Dáibhí Ó Cróinín, professor of medieval Irish history at NUIG, argues for a connection through Willibrord between Irish and Echternach manuscripts and between the procession there and Irish dancing.
✠ அல்காலா நகரின் புனிதர் டிடாக்கஸ் ✠(St. Didacus of Alcalá)ஸ்பேனிஷ் ஃபிரான்சிஸ்கன் பொதுநிலை அருட்சகோதரர்:(Spanish Franciscan Lay Brother)நவம்பர் 7
† இன்றைய புனிதர் †
(நவம்பர் 7)
✠ அல்காலா நகரின் புனிதர் டிடாக்கஸ் ✠
(St. Didacus of Alcalá)
ஸ்பேனிஷ் ஃபிரான்சிஸ்கன் பொதுநிலை அருட்சகோதரர்:
(Spanish Franciscan Lay Brother)
பிறப்பு: கி.பி. 1400
சேன் நிக்கோலஸ் டெல் புயேர்டோ, செவில் அரசு, கேஸ்டில் கிரீடம்
(San Nicolás del Puerto, Kingdom of Seville, Crown of Castile)
இறப்பு: நவம்பர் 12, 1463 (வயது 62-63)
அல்காலா டி ஹெனெரெஸ், டோலிடோ அரசு, கேஸ்டில் கிரீடம்
(Alcalá de Henares, Kingdom of Toledo, Crown of Castile)
ஏற்கும் சமயம்:
ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை
(Roman Catholic Church)
புனிதர் பட்டம்: கி.பி. 1588
திருத்தந்தை ஐந்தாம் சிக்ஸ்டஸ்
(Pope Sixtus V)
முக்கிய திருத்தலம்:
எர்மிட்டா டி சான் டியாகோ, சான் நிக்கோலா டெல் பியூர்டோ, செவில், ஸ்பெய்ன்
(Ermita de San Diego, San Nicolás del Puerto, Seville, Spain)
நினைவுத் திருநாள்: நவம்பர் 6
பாதுகாவல்:
சான் டியாகோ ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க மறைமாவட்டம் (Roman Catholic Diocese of San Diego),
ஃபிரான்சிஸ்கன் பொதுநிலை அருட்சகோதரர்கள் (Franciscan Lay Brothers)
“டியேகோ டி சேன் நிக்கோலஸ்” (Diego de San Nicolás) என்ற பெயரிலும் அறியப்படும் அல்காலா நகரின் புனிதர் டிடாக்கஸ், புதிதாய் வெற்றிகொள்ளப்பட்டிருந்த “கனரி தீவுகளில்” (Canary Islands) பணியாற்றிய முதல் குழுவினருடன் மறைப்பணியாற்றிய “ஸ்பேனிஷ் ஃபிரான்சிஸ்கன் பொதுநிலை அருட்சகோதரரும்” (Spanish Franciscan Lay Brother), ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபையின் புனிதருமாவார்.
கி.பி. 1400ம் ஆண்டு, “செவில்” அரசிலுள்ள (Kingdom of Seville) “சேன் நிக்கோலஸ் டெல் புயேர்டோ” (San Nicolás del Puerto) எனும் நகராட்சிப் பகுதியில் பக்தியான ஏழைக் குடும்பத்தில் பிறந்த இவரது பெற்றோர் இவருக்கு, ஸ்பெயின் நாட்டின் பாதுகாவலரான புனிதர் “சந்தியாகுவின்” (Santiago/ St. James) பெயரிலிருந்து மருவிய பெயரான “டியாகோ” (Diego) என்ற பெயரிட்டிருந்தனர். சிறு வயதிலேயே ஒதுங்கி வாழும் துறவு வாழ்க்கையை தழுவினார். பின்னர், அலைந்து திரியும் துறவு வாழ்வில் தம்மை ஈடுபடுத்திக்கொண்டார். ஆன்மீக வாழ்க்கைக்கு தாம் அழைக்கப்படுவதை உணர்ந்த இவர், “அல்பைதா” (Albaida) எனும் இடத்திலுள்ள “ஃபிரான்சிஸ்கன்” (Order of Friars Minor) சபையின் “விழிப்புடன் கூர்ந்து கவனிக்கும் அல்லது சீர்திருத்த” (Observant (or Reformed) கிளைகளில் இணைய விண்ணப்பித்தார். தென் ஸ்பெயின் நாட்டின் “அண்டலூசியாவின்” (Andalusia) “கொரொடோபா” (Córdoba) பிராந்தியத்திலுள்ள “அர்ருசஃபா” (Arruzafa) எனுமிடத்திலுள்ள துறவு மடத்திற்கு அனுப்பப்பட்டார். அங்கே இவர் “பொதுநிலை அருட்சகோதரராக” (Lay Brother) ஏற்றுக்கொள்ளப்பட்டார்.
டிடாக்கஸ், அங்கே வாழ்ந்த காலத்தில், தமது பிராந்தியத்தின் “கொரொடோபா”, “காடிஸ்”, மற்றும் “செவில்” (Córdoba, Cádiz and Seville) ஆகிய சுற்றுப்புற கிராமங்களில் அலைந்து திரிந்து பயணித்து பிரசங்கித்தார். இன்றும் அப்பகுதிகளில் அவர் மீதான பக்தி பரவியுள்ளது.
“கனரி” (Canary Islands) தீவுகளின் ஒரு பகுதியான “லேன்ஸரோட்” (Lanzarote) தீவின் “அர்ரஸிஃப்” (Arrecife) எனுமிடத்திலுள்ள சபையின் புதிதாய் அமைக்கப்பட்ட துறவு மடத்துக்கு டிடாக்கஸ் அனுப்பப்பட்டார். சுமார் 40 வருடங்களுக்கு முன்னர் ஸ்பேனிஷ் இராணுவத்தால் வெற்றிகொள்ளப்பட்ட அத்தீவுகளின் மக்களை கிறிஸ்தவ மதத்திற்கு அறிமுகம் செய்விக்கும் நடைமுறைப் பணிகளே இன்னமும் நடந்துகொண்டிருந்தன. அவர் போர்ட்டர் பதவிக்கு நியமிக்கப்பட்டார்.
கி.பி. 1445ம் ஆண்டு, “ஃபியூர்டேவெஞ்சுரா” (Fuerteventura) தீவிலுள்ள “ஃபிரான்சிஸ்கன் சமூகத்தினரின்” (Franciscan community) பாதுகாவலராக டிடாக்கஸ் நியமிக்கப்பட்டார். அங்கேயிருந்த “ஃபிரான்சிஸ்கன்” (Order of Friars Minor) சபையின் “விழிப்புடன் கூர்ந்து கவனிக்கும் கிளையினர்”, (Observant Franciscans) “தூய பொனவெஞ்சுரா” (Friary of St. Bonaventure) துரவுமடத்தை நிறுவினார்கள். இந்த நிலைப்பாட்டிற்கு ஒரு “பொதுநிலை அருட்சகோதரராக” சாதாரண விதிகள் விதிவிலக்காக இருந்தபோதிலும், அவருடைய ஆர்வமும், விவேகமும், பரிசுத்தமும் இந்த விருப்பத்தை நியாயப்படுத்தின.
கி.பி. 1450ம் ஆண்டு, ஸ்பெயின் அழைக்கப்பட்ட டிடாக்கஸ், திருத்தந்தை “ஐந்தாம் நிக்கோலஸ்” (Pope Nicholas V) அறிவித்திருந்த “ஜூபிலி ஆண்டில்” (Jubilee Year) பங்கேற்கவும், ஃபிரான்சிஸ்கன் துறவியான “பெர்னார்டின்” (Bernardine) என்பவரது புனிதர் பட்ட அருட்பொழிவு விழாவில் பங்குபெறவும் ரோம் நகருக்கு அனுப்பப்பட்டார். ஜூபிலி ஆண்டில் பங்குபெற வந்திருந்த பெரும் திருப்பயணியர் கூட்டமும், தமது சபையின் தூண்களில் ஒருவரான “பெர்னார்டினுடைய” (Bernardine) புனிதர் பட்ட விழாவில் பங்கேற்க வந்திருந்த ஆயிரக்கணக்கான துறவியர் கூட்டமும் சேர்ந்து, ரோம் நகரில் பல்வேறு நோய்த்தொற்றுகளை வரவழைத்தது. டிடாக்கஸ், மூன்று மாதங்கள் அங்கே தங்கியிருந்து நோயுற்றோருக்கு சேவை செய்வதிலும், தமது செப வல்லமையினால் அவர்களை குணமாக்குவதிலும் ஈடுபட்டிருந்தார்.
பின்னர், ஸ்பெயின் நாட்டுக்கு திரும்ப வரவழைக்கப்பட்ட டிடாக்கஸ், “அல்காலா” (Alcalá) நகரிலுள்ள “சான்ட மரியா டி ஜீசஸ்” (Friary of Santa María de Jesús) எனும் துறவு மடத்துக்கு அனுப்பட்டார். அங்கேயே தமது வாழ்நாளின் மீதமுள்ள நாட்களை தவம், தனிமை, மற்றும் ஆழ்ந்த சிந்தனைகள் தந்த மகிழ்வில் கழித்தார். அங்கே, கி.பி. 1463ம் வருடம், நவம்பர் மாதம், 12ம் நாள், “டியேகோ” என்றழைக்கப்பட்ட “டிடாக்கஸ்” மரித்தார்.
† Saint of the Day †
(November 7)
✠ St. Didacus of Alcalá ✠
Religious and Missionary:
Born: 1400 AD
San Nicolás del Puerto, Kingdom of Seville, Crown of Castile
Died: November 12, 1463 (Aged 62–63)
Alcalá de Henares, Kingdom of Toledo, Crown of Castile
Venerated in:
Catholic Church
(Franciscans, Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Seville and the Roman Catholic Diocese of San Diego)
Canonized: 1588 AD
Pope Sixtus V
Major shrine:
Ermita de San Diego, San Nicolás del Puerto, Seville, Spain
Feast: November 7
Patronage:
Roman Catholic Diocese of San Diego, Franciscan Lay Brothers
Saint Didacus of Alcalá, also known as Diego de San Nicolás, was a Spanish Franciscan lay brother who served as among the first group of missionaries to the newly conquered Canary Islands. He died at Alcalá de Henares on 12 November 1463 and is now honoured by the Catholic Church as a saint.
Today is the Feast of St. Didacus. While most people are not aware, the City of San Diego, CA is named after St. Didacus of Alcalá.
St. Didacus was a Spanish lay brother of the Order of Friars Minor who served as among the first group of missionaries to the newly conquered Canary Islands. He was born in c. 1400 to poor yet pious parents who named him after St. James, the patron saint of Spain. In Spanish, St. James is called "St. Santiago" and Diego is a derivative of Santiago.
Even as a young age he was called to the religious life. He joined the Order of Friars Minor at the friary in Albaida. He is remembered today for his missionary work in the New World. For a time he also headed a large monastery he had founded there. St. Didacus was above all a contemplative, and his abundant good works were the fruit of his ardent love of Christ. His charity for the sick was especially moving.
He died at Alcalá de Henares on 12 November 1463.
"St. Didacus was canonized by Pope Sixtus V in 1588, the first after a long hiatus following the Reformation, and the first of a lay brother of the Order of Friars Minor. His feast day is celebrated on 13 November, since 12 November, the anniversary of his death was occupied, first, by that of Pope Saint Martin I, then by that of the Basilian monk and Eastern Catholic bishop and martyr, Josaphat Kuntsevych"
There are many miracles attributed to the intercession of St. Didacus. One such miracle follows:
On a hunting trip, Henry IV of Castile fell from his horse and injured his arm. In intense pain and with his doctors unable to relieve his agony, he went to Alcalá and prayed to Didacus for a cure. The saint's body was removed from his casket and placed beside the king. Henry then kissed the body and placed the saint's hand on his injured arm. The king felt the pain disappear and his arm immediately regained its former strength.
Saint Didacus was born in Andalusia in Spain, towards the beginning of the fifteenth century. He was remarkable from childhood for his love of solitude, and for conversations concerning holy things. When still young he retired to live with a hermit not far from his village, where he spent several years in vigils, fasting, and manual work. Like the Fathers of the desert, he made baskets and other objects with willow branches and gave them to those who brought alms to the two hermits.
God inspired him to enter into the Order of the seraphic Saint Francis; he did so at the convent of Arrizafa, not far from Cordova. He did not aspire to ecclesiastical honours, but to the perfection and inviolable observance of his Rule — an admirable ideal, the practice of which, according to Saint Thomas Aquinas, is equivalent to martyrdom in merit. He made himself the servant of all his brethren. Any occupation was his choice. All his possessions were a tunic, a crucifix, a rosary, a prayer book and a book of meditations; and these he did not consider as his own and wanted them to be the most worn of all that was in the house. He found ways to nourish the poor who came to the convent, depriving himself of bread and other food given him, and if unable to do so consoled them with such gentle words that they left with profit nonetheless.
At one time he was sent by his superiors to the Canary Islands, and went there joyfully, hoping to win the crown of martyrdom. Such, however, was not God's Will. After making many conversions by his example and holy words, he was recalled to Spain. He was assigned to the care of the sick and when he went to Rome for the Jubilee year of 1450, with 3,800 other religious of his Order, most of whom fell ill there, he undertook to care for them, succeeding in procuring for them all they needed even in that time of scarcity.
Saint Didacus one day heard a poor woman lamenting, and learned that she had not known that her seven-year-old son had gone to sleep in her large oven; she had lighted a fire and lost her senses when she heard his cries. He sent her to the altar of the Blessed Virgin to pray and went with a large group of persons to the oven; although all the wood was burnt, the child was taken from it without so much as a trace of burns. The miracle was so evident that the neighbours took the child in triumph to the church where his mother was praying, and the Canons of the Church dressed him in white in honour of the Blessed Virgin. Since then, many afflicted persons have invoked the Mother of Heaven there.
After a long and painful illness, Saint Didacus ended his days in 1463, embracing the cross which he had so dearly loved during his entire life. He died having on his lips the words of the hymn, Dulce lignum [Sweet wood - a chant of Good Friday]. His body remained incorrupt for several months, exposed to the devotion of the faithful, ever exhaling a marvellous fragrance. He was canonized in 1588; Philip II, king of Spain, had laboured to obtain that grace after his own son was miraculously cured in 1562 by the relics of the Saint when he had fallen from a ladder and incurred a mortal wound on his head.
Reflection: If God is in your heart, He will be also on your lips; for Christ has said, Out of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaketh.
Prayer:
Almighty and eternal God, Your wondrous providence has chosen the weak things of the world to confound the strong. Hear our humble prayer and grant that the prayers of Your blessed confessor Didacus may make us worthy of eternal glory in heaven. Through Our Lord!
அருளாளர் வின்செண்ட் குரோசி (குரு)Blessed Vinzenz Grossiநினைவுத்திருநாள் : நவம்பர் 7
இன்றைய புனிதர் :
(07-11-2020)
அருளாளர் வின்செண்ட் குரோசி (குரு)
Blessed Vinzenz Grossi
நினைவுத்திருநாள் : நவம்பர் 7
பிறப்பு : 9 மார்ச் 1845, பிச்சிக்ஹெட்டோனே Pizzighettone, இத்தாலி
இறப்பு : 7 நவம்பர் 1917, விகோபெல்லிக்னானோ Vicobellignano, இத்தாலி
முத்திபேறுபட்டம்: 1 நவம்பர் 1975, திருத்தந்தை 6 ஆம் பவுல்
வின்செண்ட் குரோசி தன்னுடைய இளம் வயதிலேயே, பள்ளியில் கற்கும்போது, தன்னுடன் படித்த சக மாணவர்கள் வியக்கும் வகையில் அனைவரையும் சிரிக்கவைப்பார். தினமும் தவறாமல் ஆலயத்திற்கு சென்று, பங்குத்தந்தைக்கு உதவி செய்து வந்தார். தன் கல்வியை முடித்தப்பிறகு, 24 ஆம் வயதில் குருப்பட்டம் பெற்றார். பின்னர் தீர்க்கமுடியாத பிரச்சனைகள் நிறைந்த பங்கிற்கு அனுப்பப்பட்டார். அப்பங்கில் பல துன்பங்களை அனுபவித்தார். தகாத சொற்களால் அவமானப்படுத்தப்பட்டார். இருப்பினும் இவர் தன்னம்பிக்கையை இழக்காமல் அம்மக்களின் ஒற்றுமைக்காகவும், நலமான வாழ்வை சுமூகமான உறவை கொண்டு வருவதற்காகவும் அயராது உழைத்தார். இவரின் செயல்களை கண்டு அப்பங்கு மக்கள் அருட்தந்தைக்கு உதவினர். தங்களிடையே இருந்த எல்லாப் பிரச்சனைகளையும் அவர்களுக்குள்ளாகவே தீர்த்துக்கொண்டனர். பின்னர் வின்செண்ட் அம்மக்களின் ஒற்றுமையை தொடர்ந்து நிலை நிறுத்துவதற்காக காரிதாஸ் அமைப்பு ஒன்று ஏற்படுத்தினார். அவ்வமைப்பின் வழியாக சமூகப்பணிகளிலும் ஈடுபடவைத்தார். அதன்பிறகு இளைஞர்களுக்காக பல மன்றங்களையும் நிறுவி சிறப்பாக தன் மறைப்பணியை ஆற்றினார்.
செபம்:
கேளுங்கள் கொடுக்கப்படும் என்று கூறிய இயேசுவே! இன்றைய உலகில் வாழும் இளைஞர்களை ஆசீர்வதியும். வாழ்வின் ஒவ்வொரு மணித்துளியும் சாதித்து வாழ நினைக்கும் மனதைத் தாரும். தான் பிறந்த வீட்டிற்கும், நாட்டிற்கும் தாயாம் திருச்சபைக்கும், நல்ல பிள்ளைகளாக வாழ வாழ்ந்திட ஆசீர்வதியும், சமுதாயத்தை அழிப்பவர்களாக வளராமல், வாழ வைப்பவர்களாக மாறி வாழ வரம் தந்திட வேண்டுமென்று அருட்தந்தை வின்செண்ட் குரோசி வழியாக உம்மை மன்றாடுகின்றோம்
---JDH---தெய்வீக குணமளிக்கும் இயேசு /திண்டுக்கல்.
Saint of the Day: (07-11-2020)
Blessed Vincenzo Grossi, Priest
Pizzighettone, Cremona, March 9, 1845 – November 7, 1917
Blessed Vincent Grossi was born March 9, 1845 in Pizzighettone (CR): next to last of seven brothers. In 1866 he entered the seminary of Cremona and was ordained May 22, 1869. First he was commissioned to curate in several parishes, then a parish priest in 1873 and in 1883 he went to Regona Vicobellignano.
He had… for all the illustrious example of poverty, a spirit of self-denial, austere life, totally subservient obedience to the Pope and his bishop. So with gentleness, combined with a usual good humor and geniality – which recommended warmly to his sisters – are easily won over the confidence of many to win for Jesus Christ.
In 1885 he founded the Institute of the Daughters of the Oratory, giving rules in the spirit of St. Philip Blacks and the charisma of the Christian education of youth. He died November 7, 1917, when we celebrate the liturgical memorial.
Roman Martyrology: At Cremona, blessed Vincent Grossi, a priest, who, while waiting in his office of parish priest, founded the Institute of the Daughters of the Oratory.
Blessed Father Vincenzo Grossi was born in Pizzighettone (Cremona) March 9, 1845. Was baptized the same day of birth. From Mother learned to live by faith and prayer, while the father’s commitment and seriousness in the work.
He soon wanted to join the seminary, but the father – even for family – he wanted to try the vocation of the child. Only at age 19 he could fulfill his wish.
Don Vincenzo celebrated his first Mass in the cathedral of Cremona May 22, 1869.
The Mass would always be the center of his life: it drew light and strength for him and for his apostolate. He will say to his sisters: “The priest is obliged to express here the life of Jesus into heaven, and Augusta to continue that life here on earth that Jesus would have led, had it been the will of the Father who ever lived on earth.”
After losing his father, his mother stood beside him for some time, speaking with her secret charity to pay off parish debts of her son. In 1872 he became spiritual economy Ca ‘de Soresini. The following year he was put in his first parish Rule. For the faithful, especially to children and young people not only opened his heart, but also his home.
Reorganized the Church, arranged a systematic catechesis, was magnanimous in charity towards all. Rule became “the convent of the diocese.”
His constant concern was the youth. He was happy to be around so many young people. Even the Daughters of the Oratory teach youth to love a lot: in fact the vote to his Christian upbringing. Its line ministry can be summed up in a thought he gave a sermon Sunday: “our heart, when it is full of love of God, does not know what to do with the other loves. Understand? Work, then!”.
The insistence of the bishop made him accept Bonomelli December 28, 1882 the parish of Vicobellignano, where he stayed for 34 years. The parish was in strong discomfort for the work of Protestants. The bishop, in fact, wrote, “that parish and in general those parts demand zealous pastors, nonprofit, copies of great charity, to the greatest prudence and educated: these qualities in you and I will see much evidence I am sure I do not deceive me … I hope that in 10 years that parish and you will raise the error disappear. ”
He was a prophet. With intense prayer and generous dedication, Blessed Vincenzo turned the country into a true spiritual community: he was a zealous pastor, the leader of their flock by word and example.
Don Vincenzo was man of many books, but rather of profound study. Had often to read and write. He prepared all his sermons diligently for the people and later the lessons to his sisters. His preaching was the result of prayer and meditation.
His daily Mass was preceded by long preparation. The celebration was simple, orderly, profoundly original in words and gestures. His soul was all stretched to the Lord.
He was often requested by the priests of the diocese and beyond, where he wore as a preacher of the “mission to the people.” He had special needs, he had only a poor bag, with the breviary el’orologio a peasant.
In 1885 he founded the first community of the Daughters of the Oratory for young girls. He wrote the rules on his knees before the tabernacle. Blessed with the sisters not to say that stand in holiness and joy will entrust them as patron S. Philip Blacks, the saint of spiritual joy.
He died November 7, 1917, uttering the words: “the way is open: we must go.” A few days earlier, to the Mistress of Novices, he said: “Try not to complain ever, even try to rejoice when things go contrary to your desires.” His death, serene and totally available to God, he closed an exemplary life and generous.
On November 1975 Paul VI beatified him as an example to all the priests and pastors throughout the world. His relics rest at the Mother House of Lodi.
---JDH---Jesus the Divine Healer---
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