St. Leothade
Feastday: October 23
Death: 718
Benedictine bishop of Auch, France. He was abbot of Moissac and was a Frankish noble.
St. Maroveus
Feastday: October 23
Death: 650
Maroveus (d.c. 650) + Abbot and founder of the Benedictine Monastery of Precipiano, near Tortona, Italy. Feast day: October 23.
St. Paul Tong Buong
Feastday: October 23
Death: 1833
Canonized: Pope John Paul II
Vietnamese martyr. A native of Vietnam, he served in the bodyguard of the king. A convert, he gave his assistance to the Paris Foreign Missions and so helped to advance the Catholic cause in the country. Arrested by Vietnamese authorities for being a Christian, he was tortured, humiliated, and beheaded. Pope John Paul II canonized him in 1988.
The Vietnamese Martyrs (Vietnamese: Các Thánh Tử đạo Việt Nam; French: Martyrs du Viêt Nam), also known as the Martyrs of Annam, Martyrs of Tonkin and Cochinchina, Martyrs of Indochina, or Andrew Dung-Lac and Companions (Anrê Dũng-Lạc và các bạn tử đạo), are saints on the General Roman Calendar who were canonized by Pope John Paul II. On June 19, 1988, thousands of overseas Vietnamese worldwide gathered at the Vatican for the Celebration of the Canonization of 117 Vietnamese Martyrs, an event chaired by Monsignor Tran Van Hoai. Their memorial is on November 24 (although several of these saints have another memorial, having been beatified and on the calendar prior to the canonization of the group).
St. John of Capistrano
✠ கப்பிஸ்ட்றனோ நகர் புனிதர் ஜான் ✠
(St. John of Capistrano)
ஒப்புரவாளர்:
(Confessor)
பிறப்பு: ஜூன் 24, 1386
கப்பிஸ்ட்றனோ, அப்ருஸ்ஸி, நேப்பிள்ஸ் அரசு
(Capestrano, Abruzzi, Kingdom of Naples)
இறப்பு: அக்டோபர் 23, 1456 (வயது 70)
இலோக், சிம்ரியா, ஹங்கேரியின் தனிப்பட்ட ஐக்கிய குரோஷியா அரசு
(Ilok, Syrmia, Kingdom of Croatia in personal union with Hungary)
ஏற்கும் சமயம்:
ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை
(Roman Catholic Church)
புனிதர் பட்டம்: கி.பி. 1690 அல்லது 1724
திருத்தந்தை எட்டாம் அலெக்சாண்டர் (Pope Alexander VIII)
அல்லது (OR)
திருத்தந்தை பதின்மூன்றாம் பெனடிக்ட் (Pope Benedict XIII)
நினைவுத் திருநாள்: அக்டோபர் 23
பாதுகாவல்:
நீதிபதிகள், பெல்கிரேட் (Belgrade) மற்றும் ஹங்கேரி (Hungary)
கப்பெஸ்ட்றனோ'வின் புனிதர் ஜான், இத்தாலி நாட்டின் தென் பிராந்தியமான “அப்ருஸ்ஸோ”வைச் (Abruzzo) சேர்ந்த “கப்பெஸ்ட்றனோ” (Capestrano) எனும் சிறிய நகரைச் சார்ந்த ஃபிரான்சிஸ்கன் துறவியும், கத்தோலிக்க குருவும் ஆவார். இவர் ஒரு போதகர், இறையியலாளர், மற்றும் புலன் விசாரணையாளராக புகழ் பெற்றவர்.
கி.பி. 1456ம் ஆண்டில், தமது எழுபது வயதின்போது, ஒட்டோமான் பேரரசுக்கு (Ottoman Empire) எதிராக, ஹங்கேரியின் இராணுவ தளபதி “ஜான் ஹுன்யாடி”யுடன் (John Hunyadi) இணைந்து “பெல்கிரேட்” நாட்டை முற்றுகையிட, (siege of Belgrade) சிலுவைப்போர் புரிய சென்ற படைகளுக்கு தலைமை தாங்கிச் சென்றதால், இவருக்கு "சிப்பாய் புனிதர்" (The Soldier Saint) என்ற சிறப்புப் பட்டப் பெயர் வழங்கலாயிற்று.
“அக்குயிலா" (Aquila) என்பவரின் மகனான இவர், “பெருஜியா பல்கலையில்” (University of Perugia) கல்வி பயின்றார். கி.பி. 1412ம் ஆண்டு, இவரது 26ம் வயதிலேயே, “நேப்பிள்ஸ்” மன்னரான (King of Naples) “லாடிஸ்லாஸ்” (Ladislaus) பெருஜியா (Perugia) நகரின் கவர்னராக இவரை நியமனம் செய்தார். 1416ல், 'பெருஜியா' மற்றும் 'மலாடேஸ்டாஸ்' (Perugia & Malatestas) ஆகிய நாடுகளுக்கிடைய போர் வெடித்தது. ஜான் சமாதான தூதுவராக அனுப்பப்பட்டார். ஆனால், 'மலாடேஸ்டாஸ்' அவரைப் பிடித்து சிறையில் எறிந்தது. சிறை வாழ்வின்போது விரக்தியடைந்த ஜான், விடுதலையின் பிறகு, புதிதாய் மணமான தமது மனைவியை ஒதுக்கி வைத்தார். திருமணம் செய்தும் முழுமையான தாம்பத்திய வாழ்க்கை வாழாத இவர், திருமணத்தை ரத்து செய்ய மனைவியின் அனுமதி பெற்று, இல்லற வாழ்வை துறந்தார்.
“சியேன்னாவின் பெர்னார்டினோ” (Bernardino of Siena) என்பவருடன் நண்பரான இவர், அவருடனே இணைந்து இறையியல் கற்றார். கி.பி. 1416ம் ஆண்டு, அக்டோபர் மாதம், நான்காம் தேதி, “ஜேம்ஸ்” (James of the Marches) என்பவருடன் இணைந்து, “பெருஜியா” நகரிலுள்ள “ஃபிரான்சிஸ்கன்” (Order of Friars Minor) இளம் துறவியர் சபையில் சேர்ந்தார். இவர் தமது குருத்துவ அருட்பொழிவு பெற்றபின் தாமாகவே முன்வந்து பல்வேறு மறையுரைகளை ஆற்றினார்.
பெர்னார்டினுடன் இணைந்து ஐரோப்பா முழுவதும் சென்று மறைபரப்புப் பணியை ஆற்றினார். சென்ற இடமெல்லாம் ஆடம்பர திருப்பலி நிறைவேற்றி, மக்களை கவரும் விதத்தில் மறையுரையாற்றி, விசுவாசத்தைப் பரப்பினார்.
கி.பி. பதினைந்தாம் நூற்றாண்டின் பிற இத்தாலிய மறை போதகர்களைப் போலன்றி, ஜான் மறையுரையாற்றுவதில் சிறப்பு பெற்றவராக திகழ்ந்தார். இவரது மறையுரை காரணமாக, “வடக்கு மற்றும் மத்திய ஐரோப்பா” (Northern and central Europe), “தூய ரோமப் பேரரசின் ஜெர்மன் மாநிலங்கள்” (German states of Holy Roman Empire), “போஹெமியா” (Bohemia, “மொராவியா” (Moravia), “ஆஸ்திரியா” (Austria), “ஹங்கேரி” (Hungary), “குரோஷியா” (Croatia) மற்றும் “போலந்து அரசுகளில்” (Kingdom of Poland) இவரது புகழ் பரவியது. இவரது மறையுரையைக் கேட்கக் கூடிய மக்கள் கூட்டம் பேராலயங்களில் கூட அடங்கவில்லை. திறந்தவெளிகளில் மறையுரைகள் ஆற்றினார். இவரது மறையுரையைக் கேட்க சுமார் 126,000 வரை மக்கள் கூட்டம் கூடினர்.
இவர், “கிரேக்க: (Greek) மற்றும் “ஆர்மேனிய” (Armenian ) திருச்சபைகள் மீண்டும் ஒன்று சேர உதவினார்.
கி.பி. 1453ம் ஆண்டு, “துருக்கியர்கள்” (Turks) “கான்ஸ்டண்டினோபில்” (Constantinople) நாட்டை கைப்பற்றியபோது, ஐரோப்பாவை பாதுகாப்பதற்கான ஒரு சிலுவைப்போர் பிரசங்கத்திற்கு ஜான் நியமிக்கப்பட்டார். “பவேரியாவிலும்” (Bavaria) “ஆஸ்திரியாவிலும்” (Austria) சிறிது விடையிறுப்பைப் பெற்ற அவர், “ஹங்கேரியில்” (Hungary) தனது முயற்சிகளை கவனத்தில் கொள்ள முடிவு செய்தார். அவர் “பெல்கிரேடிற்கு” (Belgrade) இராணுவத்தை வழிநடத்தினார். “ஜெனரல் ஜான் ஹுனைடியின்” (General John Hunyadi) தலைமையின் கீழ், அவர்கள் பெரும் வெற்றி பெற்றனர். அத்துடன், “பெல்கிரேடின்” (Belgrade) முற்றுகை அகற்றப்பட்டது. அதீத முயற்சிகளால் களைத்துப்போன “கபிஸ்ட்ரனோ” (Capistrano), போருக்குப் பிறகு ஒரு நோய்த் தொற்றுக்கு எளிதான இரையாக இருந்தது.
தன்னுடைய 40 வயதிற்குள்ளே ஐரோப்பா முழுவதும் பயணம் செய்து மறைபரப்பு பணியாற்றி கிறிஸ்தவ மறையை வளர்த்த ஜான், தமது எழுபது வயதில் மரித்தார்.
Feastday: October 23
Patron: of Jurists
Birth: 1386
Death: 1456
St. John was born at Capistrano, Italy in 1385, the son of a former German knight in that city. He studied law at the University of Perugia and practiced as a lawyer in the courts of Naples. King Ladislas of Naples appointed him governor of Perugia. During a war with a neighboring town he was betrayed and imprisoned. Upon his release he entered the Franciscan community at Perugia in 1416. He and St. James of the March were fellow students under St. Bernardine of Siena, who inspired him to institute the devotion to the holy Name of Jesus and His Mother. John began his brilliant preaching apostolate with a deacon in 1420. After his ordination he traveled throughout Italy, Germany, Bohemia, Austria, Hungary, Poland, and Russia preaching penance and establishing numerous communities of Franciscan renewal. When Mohammed II was threatening Vienna and Rome, St. John, at the age of seventy, was commissioned by Pope Callistus III to preach and lead a crusade against the invading Turks. Marching at the head of seventy thousand Christians, he gained victory in the great battle of Belgrade against the Turks in 1456. Three months later he died at Illok, Hungary. His feast day is October 23. He is the patron of jurists.
John of Capistrano (Italian: San Giovanni da Capestrano, Hungarian: Kapisztrán János, Polish: Jan Kapistran, Croatian: Ivan Kapistran, Serbian: Јован Капистран, Jovan Kapistran) (24 June 1386 – 23 October 1456) was a Franciscan friar and Catholic priest from the Italian town of Capestrano, Abruzzo. Famous as a preacher, theologian, and inquisitor, he earned himself the nickname “the Soldier Saint” when in 1456 at age 70 he led a crusade against the invading Ottoman Empire at the siege of Belgrade with the Hungarian military commander John Hunyadi.
Elevated to sainthood, he is the patron saint of jurists and military chaplains, as well as the namesake of the Franciscan missions San Juan Capistrano in Southern California and San Juan Capistrano in San Antonio, Texas.
Early life
As was the custom of this time, John is denoted by the village of Capestrano, in the Diocese of Sulmona, in the Abruzzi region, Kingdom of Naples. His father had come to Italy with the Angevin court of Louis I of Anjou, titular King of Naples. He studied law at the University of Perugia.[1]
In 1412, King Ladislaus of Naples appointed him Governor of Perugia, a tumultuous and resentful papal fief held by Ladislas as the pope's champion, in order to effectively establish public order. When war broke out between Perugia and the Malatestas in 1416, John was sent as ambassador to broker a peace, but Malatesta threw him in prison. It was during this imprisonment that he began to think more seriously about his soul. He decided eventually to give up the world and become a Franciscan friar, owing to a dream he had in which he saw Francis of Assisi and was warned by him to enter the Franciscan Order. He had married before the war, but asserted the marriage was never consummated and received permission to take holy orders.
Friar and preacher
Together with James of the Marches, John entered the Order of Friars Minor at Perugia on 4 October 1416.[1] Along with James, he studied theology at Fiesole, near Florence,[2] under Bernardine of Siena.[1] He soon gave himself up to the most rigorous asceticism, violently defending the ideal of strict observance and orthodoxy,[3] following the example set by Bernardine. From 1420 onwards, he preached with great effect in numerous cities and eventually became well known. He was ordained in 1425.
Unlike most Italian preachers of repentance in the 15th century, John was effective in northern and central Europe—in German states of Holy Roman Empire, Bohemia, Moravia, Austria, Hungary, Croatia and the Kingdom of Poland. The largest churches could not hold the crowds, so he preached in the public squares—at Brescia in Italy, he preached to a crowd of 126,000.[1]
Reformer
When he was not preaching, John was writing tracts against heresy of every kind. This facet of his life is covered in great detail by his early biographers, Nicholas of Fara, Christopher of Varese and Girlamo of Udine. While he was thus evangelizing, he was actively engaged in assisting Bernardine of Siena in the reform of the Franciscan Order, largely in the interests of a more rigorous discipline in the Franciscan communities.[2] Like Bernardine, he strongly emphasized devotion to the Holy Name of Jesus, and, together with Bernardine, was accused of heresy on this account. In 1429, these Observant friars were called to Rome to answer charges of heresy, and John was chosen by his companions to speak for them. They were both acquitted by the Commission of Cardinals appointed to judge the accusations.
He was frequently deployed to embassies by Popes Eugene IV and Nicholas V: in 1439, he was sent as legate to Milan and Burgundy, to oppose the claims of the Antipope Felix V; in 1446, he was on a mission to the King of France; in 1451 he went at the request of the emperor as Apostolic Nuncio to Austria. During the period of his nunciature, John visited all parts of the Empire, preaching and combating the heresy of the Hussites; he also visited Poland at the request of Casimir IV Jagiellon.[citation needed] As legate, or inquisitor, he prosecuted the last Fraticelli of Ferrara, the Jesuati of Venice, the Crypto-Jews of Sicily, Moldavia and Poland, and, above all, the Hussites of Germany, Hungary and Bohemia; his aim in the last case was to make talks impossible between the representatives of Rome and the Bohemians, for every attempt at conciliation seemed to him to be conniving at heresy.[3]
John, in spite of this tireless life, found time to work—both during the lifetime of his mentor, Bernardine, and afterwards—on the reform of the Order of Friars Minor. He also upheld, in his writings, speeches and sermons, theories of papal supremacy rather than the theological wranglings of councils (see Conciliar Movement).[3] John, together with his teacher, Bernardine, his colleague, James of the Marche, and Albert Berdini of Sarteano, are considered the four great pillars of the Observant reform among the Friars Minor.[4]
Anti-Jewish incitement
John was known as the "Scourge of the Jews"[5] for his inciting of antisemitic violence. Like some other Franciscans, he ranged over a broad area on both sides of the Alps, and his preaching to mass open-air congregations often led to pogroms.[6] In 1450 the Franciscan "Jew-baiter" arranged a forced disputation at Rome with a certain Gamaliel called "Synagogæ Romanæ magister".[7][8][9] Between 1451 and 1453, his fiery sermons against Jews persuaded many southern German regions to expel their entire Jewish population, and in Silesia, then Kingdom of Bohemia, at Wroclaw many were burned at the stake.[10][11]
The soldier saint
After the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, the Ottoman Empire, under Sultan Mehmed II, threatened Christian Europe. That following year Pope Callixtus III sent John, who was already aged seventy, to preach a Crusade against the invading Turks at the Imperial Diet of Frankfurt. Gaining little response in Bavaria and Austria, he decided to concentrate his efforts in Hungary. John succeeded in gathering together enough troops to march on Belgrade, which at that time was under siege by Turkish forces. In the summer of 1456, these troops, together with John Hunyadi, managed to raise the siege of Belgrade;[2] the old and frail friar actually led his own contingent into battle. This feat earned him the moniker of “the Soldier Priest”.
Although he survived the battle, John fell victim to the bubonic plague, which flourished in the unsanitary conditions prevailing among armies of the day. He died on 23 October 1456[2] at the nearby town of Ilok (now a Croatian border town on the Danube).
Sainthood and feast day
The year of John of Capistrano's canonization is variously given as 1690,[12] by Pope Alexander VIII or as 1724 by Pope Benedict XIII. In 1890, his feast day was included for the first time in the General Roman Calendar and assigned to 28 March.[13] In 1969, Pope Paul VI moved his feast day to 23 October, the day of his death. Where Mass and the Office are said according to the 1962 Roman Missal and its concomitant calendar, his feast day remains on March 28.
Eponym
As a Franciscan reformer preaching simplicity, John became the eponym of two Spanish missions founded by the Franciscan friars in the north of the then-Spanish Americas: Mission San Juan Capistrano in present-day Southern California and Mission San Juan Capistrano just outside the city center of present-day San Antonio in Texas.[14]
Patron saint
He is the patron saint of military chaplains and jurists.
Blessed Arnold Reche
#அருளாளர்_அர்னால்டு_ரெச்சி (1838-1890)
அக்டோபர் 23
இவர் (#Arnold_Reche) பிரான்ஸ் நாட்டில் உள்ள லாண்ட்ரோஃப் என்ற இடத்தில் பிறந்தவர். இவரது குடும்பம் மிகவும் சாதாரண குடும்பம். இவரது தந்தை செருப்புத் தைக்கும் தொழிலைச் செய்து வந்தார்.
குடும்பத்தில் நிலவிய வறுமை காரணமாக இவரால் தொடர்ந்து படிக்க முடியாமல் போனது. இதனால் இவர் தனக்குக் கிடைத்த சிறு சிறு வேலைகளைச் செய்து, குடும்பத்திற்கு உதவியாய் இருந்து வந்தார்.
ஒருபக்கம் இவரது குடும்பத்தில் வறுமை நிலவினாலும், இன்னொரு பக்கம் இவர் தனது பெற்றோரின் எடுத்துக்காட்டான வாழ்வால் தூண்டப்பட்டு இறைப் பற்றில் சிறந்து விளங்கினார். ஆகவே இவர் தனக்கு 28 வயது நடக்கும்போது தெ லசால் சபையில் சேர்ந்து, 1871 ஆம் ஆண்டு தன் இறுதி வார்த்தைப்பாட்டை எடுத்துக் கொண்டார்.
இதன் பிறகு இவர் கல்விப்பணியில் தன்னை முழுமையாக கரைத்துக் கொண்டார். மேலும் பிரான்சிற்கும் ப்ரூசியாவிற்கும் இடையே நடந்த போரில் பாதிக்கப்பட்டவர்கள் நடுவில் மிகச் சிறப்பானதொரு பணியைச் செய்தார். பின்னர் கோர்லான்சி என்ற இடத்தில் இருந்த இல்லத்தின் தலைவராக உயர்ந்து, தன் இறப்பு வரை இவர் அங்கேயே இருந்தார்.
இப்படி இறைப்பணியையும் மக்கள் பணியையும் செய்துவந்த இவர் 1890
ஆம் ஆண்டு இறையடி சேர்ந்தார். இவருக்குத் திருத்தந்தை புனித இரண்டாம் ஜான் பால் அவர்களால் 1987 ஆம் ஆண்டு அருளாளர் பட்டம் கொடுக்கப்பட்டது
Also known as
• Arnold Jules-Nicolas Rèche
• Jules Reche
• Julian-Nicolas Rèche
• Nicholas-Jules Reche
Profile
Son of Claude and Anne Flausset Reche, a poor family in a small village. His father was extremely religious shoemaker, his mother given to fits of depression over their impoverished condition, and Nicholas was one of nine children. He grew up with strong religious values and a fear of sin. Considered the only serious student in his cathechism class, he taught catechism to the younger children. However, when he moved to the Charlesville as a young adult, he began drifting to a more secular life.
He worked as a coachman for a wealthy family, and a mule driver for a contractor building a local church. His aunt, who lived nearby, convinced him to make some changes in his life; Nicholas began to attend classes conducted by the Brothers of the Christian Schools, and returned to a life of active and intense prayer. He joined the LaSalle Brothers in 1862 at age 28, taking the name Brother Arnold, and making his final vows in 1871.
He worked as a medic, treating the wounded in the trenches during the Franco-Prussian War, and was awarded the bronze cross for his work. Taught at the Brothers boarding school at Rheims, France; noted as a mediocre teacher of classroom topics, but an outstanding teacher of Christian doctrine. Novice director for the congregation in 1877, a move that got him out of the class rooms where he felt he was a failure. Director general of the house at Courlancy from March 1890 till his death a few months later.
Born
2 September 1838 at Landroff, Lorraine, France as Nicholas-Jules Reche
Died
• 23 October 1890 following a cerebral hemorrhage
• buried in the public cemetery at Rheims, France
• grave known as a site of miracles
Beatified
1 November 1987 by Pope John Paul II
Blessed Severinus Boethius
Also known as
• Anicius Manlius Torquatus Severinus Boethius
• Last of the Romans
• Severino Boezio
Profile
Descendant of a Roman consular family. His father was chosen as consul in 487, but died soon after, leaving Severinus an orphan. Educated by a pious, aristocratic friend of the family, Quintus Aurelius Memmius Symmachus. Fluent in Greek, he probably studied in Athens, Greece or Alexandria, Egypt. Known for his education and intellect. Married Rusticana, the daughter of his mentor Symmachus. They had of two sons. Severinus served as Roman consul in 510; his sons were chosen as Roman co-consuls themselves in 522. Aide and confidant to King Theodoric. Philosopher. Writer.
Political rivals accused him of disloyalty to the throne, of plotting to restore the Republic, and of the sacrilege of astrology; he was imprisoned without trial. While in jail he reflected on the instability of a state whose government depended on a single man such as a king; these ideas were developed in his best-known work, De Consolatione Philosophiae (Consolations of Philosophy). Soon after, he was executed on order of King Theodoric. A tradition began soon after that he had really been imprisoned and killed for being an orthodox Catholic, and he was soon considered a martyr.
Born
475-480 at Rome, Italy as Anicius Manlius Torquatus Severinus Boethius
Died
• 524-525 at Pavia, Italy
• relics in the cathedral in Pavia
Beatified
1883 by Pope XIII (cultus confirmed)
Saint Allucio of Campugliano
Profile
Son of Omodeo, a rancher. Shepherd in Pescia, Tuscany, Italy. Director of the alms-house in Valdi Nievole, Italy. Built shelters for travellers in mountain passes and river crossings. His work attracted other people who became the core of the future Brothers of Saint Allucio. Known as a miracle worker, and as a peace maker, ending the war between the Italian city states of Ravenna and Faenza.
Born
c.1070 in Campugliano, Italy
Died
• 23 October 1134 in Campugliano, Italy of natural causes
• interred by the Brothers in the church of Saint Luke in Campugliano
• relics enshrined in a stone urn at the high altar of the cathdral of Campugliano in 1344 by Dominican Brother Paul Lapi by order of Bishop Guglielmo Dulcini of Lucca, Italy
• relics moved to the chapel of Our Lady of the Rosary, Cathedral of Pescia, Italy in 1792
• relics moved to the new chapel of Saint Allucio in Campugliano, which soon after changed its name to Sant'Allucio di Uzzano, in 1934
Canonized
23 October 1182 by the bishop of Lucca, Italy
Patronage
Pescia, Italy, diocese of (proclaimed in 2000 by the Congregation for the Causes of Saints)
Saint Phaolô Tong Viet Buong
Also known as
• Paul Buòng
• Paul Buòng Viêt Tông
• Phaolô Buòng Viêt Tông
Additional Memorial
24 November as one of the Martyrs of Vietnam
Profile
Lifelong layman in the apostolic vicariate of Cochinchina. Convert to Christianity. Soldier. Captain of the guard for Emperor Ming Mang. Worked with the Society for Foreign Missions. When Ming Mang began a new round of persecutions of Christians, he ordered the apostasy of Christian soldiers; Phaolô refused. He was arrested in 1832, spent a year in prison being tortutred, interrogated for the names of other Christians, and order to renounce the faith; Phaolô refused. He was finally convicted of being a Christian, kicked out of the army and executed. Martyr.
Born
c.1773 in Phu Cam, Phu Xuân (now Hue), Vietnam
Died
beheaded on 23 October 1833 in Tho Ðuc, Saigon, Vietnam
Canonized
19 June 1988 by Pope John Paul II
Blessed Esther Paniagua Alonso
Profile
The daughter of Dolores Alonso and Nicasio Paniagua. Esther joined the Augustinian Missionary Congregation at age 18, making her perpetual vows in August 1970. Trained as a nurse, she was assigned to a hospital in the Bab El Oued neighborhood of Algiers, Algeria where she was especially drawn to handicapped children, and where she came to love the Arab people and culture. Murdered by members of the Armed Islamic Group while walking to Mass. Martyr.
Born
7 June 1949 in Izagre, León, Spain
Died
shot three times in the head on Sunday 23 October 1994 in Bab-el-Oued, Algiers, Algeria
Beatified
8 December 2018 by Pope Francis
Blessed María Caridad Álvarez Martín
Profile
The daughter of Sotera Martín and Constantino Álvarez, María joined the Augustinian Missionary Sisters in 1955, and made her perpetual vows on 3 May 1960. She served in Algeria for more than 30 years, working with the poor and the elderly. Murdered by Muslim fundamentalists in the Armed Islamic Group while walking to Mass. Martyr.
Born
9 May 1933 in Santa Cruz de Salceda, Burgos, Spain
Died
shot in the head and neck on Sunday 23 October 1994 in Bab-el-Oued, Algiers, Algeria
Beatified
8 December 2018 by Pope Francis
Saint Ignatius of Constantinople
Also known as
Ignatios, Nicetas
Profile
Son of the Byzantine emperor Michael I. Imprisoned for political reasons in a monastery in 813 by Leo the Armenian; there he learned about and entered the religious life, taking the name Ignatius. Monk. Priest. Abbot. Patriach of Constantinople in 842. Fought corruption in civil and religious life, even in the highest offices; refused communion to Bardas Caesar due to his acts of incest. Because of his high standards, Ignatius was exiled from 858 to 867, but eventually returned in triumph.
Born
c.799 in Constantinople as Nicetas
Died
• 23 October 877 of natural causes
• relics in the church of Saint Michael, Constantinople
Blessed John Buoni
Also known as
John Bonus
Profile
Spent his youth as a jester in Italian courts with his spare time mis-spent in wild living. After a severe illness in 1208, he reformed completely, converted, and became a hermit at Cesena, Italy. His reputation for piety attacted disciples. To escape them, he left one night and walked continuously and aimlessly till dawn. At sunrise he found himself at the front door of his hermitage; he took this as a sign, and turned his energy to organizing his would-be followers. Pope Innocent IV gave them the Augustinian rule, and they formed the basis of the Augustinian hermit friars.
Born
1168 in Mantua, Italy
Died
1249 in Mantua, Italy of natural causes
Beatified
1483 by Pope Sixtus IV (cultus confirmed)
Blessed Anne-Joseph Leroux
Also known as
• Anna Josepha
• Josephine Leroux
• Marie-Joséphine
• Mary Josephine
Profile
Ursuline nun at Valenciennes, France, taking the name Josephine. When the convents were suppressed in the French Revolution, she fled to Mons in Hainault (in modern Belgium. She returned to Valenciennes in 1793. She and many of her sisters were arrested and executed for the crime of being faithful Christians. Martyr.
Born
23 January 1747 at Cambrai, Nord, France as Ann-Joseph Leroux
Died
guillotined on 23 October 1794 in Valenciennes, Nord, France
Beatified
13 June 1920 by Pope Benedict XV
Saint Gratien of Amiens
Profile
Breton bishop martyred by pagans while on pilgrimage to Rome, Italy.
Died
• c.286 in Saint-Gratien, diocese of Amiens, France
• his walnut pilgrim's staff was stuck into the ground on the site of his execution; it took root and grew there; as late as 1117, that tree, though stripped bare, would burst into leaf and be covered in fruit on the night of his feast
• relics enshrined in the Coulombs monastery, diocese of Chartres, France in the 11th century
• relics hidden in the palace of the archbishop in Paris, France during the anti-Christian persecutions of the French Revolution
• relics somehow lost in 1830
Saints Germanus and Servandus of Cadiz
Profile
Sons of Saint Marcellus of Léon. Soldiers in the imperial Roman army. When they were revealed to be Christians, the brothers were chained, tortured, force marched without food, and finally martyred in the persecutions of Diocletian.
Born
Merida, Spain
Died
• beheaded c.305 on the Hill of Martyrs in San Fernando, Cadiz, Andalusia, Spain
• relics enshrined in Seville, Spain
Patronage
• Cadiz, Spain
• Merida, Spain
Blessed Álvaro Ibáñez Lázaro
Also known as
Brother Florencio Martín
Profile
Baptized at the age of one day. Member of the Brothers of the Christian Schools, joining at Cambrils, Spain on 10 November 1927, taking the habit on 14 August 1929, and taking the name Brother Florencio Martín. Began teaching in Barceloneta, Spain in February 1932. A popular teacher noted for his skill in art and singing. Martyred in the Spanish Civil War.
Born
12 June 1913 in Godos, Teruel, Spain
Died
22 October 1936 in Benimaclet, Valencia, Spain
Beatified
11 March 2001 by Pope John Paul II
Blessed Pedro Lorente Vicente
Also known as
Brother Ambrosio León
Profile
Baptized at the age of four days. Member of the Brothers of the Christian Schools, joining on 7 November 1925 at Monreal del Campo, Spain and making his vows on 1 February 1930, taking the name Brother Ambrosio León. Taught in Bonanova, Spain in 1932. Dragged of his school militia during the Spanish Civil War, he was exiled and eventually martyred.
Born
7 January 1914 in Ojos Negros, Teruel, Spain
Died
22 October 1936 in Benimaclet, Valencia, Spain
Beatified
11 March 2001 by Pope John Paul II
Blessed Andrés Zarraquino Herrero
Also known as
Brother Honorato Andrés
Profile
Member of the Brothers of the Christian Schools, joining in Cambrils on 27 July 1924 and taking the habit on 15 August 1925, taking the name Brother Honorato Andrés. Teacher in Tortosa, Gracia, and then the College of Our Lady of Bonanova in Barcelona, Spain. Martyred in the Spanish Civil War.
Born
18 April 1908 in Bañón, Teruel, Spain
Died
22 October 1936 in Benimaclet, Valencia, Spain
Beatified
11 March 2001 by Pope John Paul II
Saint Severinus of Cologne
Also known as
Severin, Severino
Profile
Bishop of Cologne, Germany. Prominent opponent of Arianism.
Legend says that as a priest, Father Severinus heard a voice saying, "Severinus, you will be bishop of Cologne." He asked, "When?" "When your staff flourishes," came the reply. So, he planted his walking stick into the ground. It took root, and on the day it budded he presented himself in Cologne and was chosen bishop.
Born
Bordeaux, France
Died
c.403 in Cologne, Germany of natural causes
Blessed Thomas Thwing
Also known as
Thomas Thweng
Additional Memorial
29 October as one of the Martyrs of Douai
Profile
Studied at Douai, France. Priest, ordained in 1665. Returning to England, he served as chaplain for his cousin, Sir Miles Stapleton, and chaplain to a Yorkshire school. Arrested in 1680, accused of involvement in the Titus Oates Plot. Martyr.
Born
1635 in Heworth, North Yorkshire, England
Died
hanged, drawn and quartered on 23 October 1680 in York, North Yorkshire, England
Beatified
15 December 1929 by Pope Pius XI
Saint Theodoret of Antioch
Also known as
Theodore, Teodoreto, Theodoritus
Profile
Priest in Antioch (in modern Turkey) where he served as the treasurer of the diocese. Effectively eliminated paganism in area of influence. Imprisoned, tortured and martyred in the persecutions of Julian the Apostate for refusing to surrender sacred vessels used in the Mass.
Died
• beheaded in 362 in Antioch, Syria (modern Antakya, Turkey)
• his executioners claimed to have seen angels around him
Saint Romanus of Rouen
Profile
Courtier to King Clothaire II. Bishop of Rouen, France c.629. He worked to convert the remaining pagans in his diocese, and personally tore down a temple to Venus. He ministered to prisoners, especially those on death row, and was known as a miracle worker.
Died
639 of natural causes
Patronage
Rouen, France
Blessed John Angelo Porro
Also known as
Giovannangelo Porro
Profile
Servite at Monte Senario and Milan, Italy. Hermit. Priest. Noted for his love of nature.
Born
1451 at Milan, Italy
Died
1504 of natural causes
Beatified
15 July 1737 by Pope Clement XII (cultus confirmed)
Saint Benedict of Sebaste
Also known as
• Benedict of Poitiers
• Benedict of Quincay
Profile
Bishop of Sebaste, Samaria. During the persecutions of Julian the Apostate, Benedict fled to Gaul. Hermit near Poitiers, France where he attracted so many would-be students that the monastery later known as Saint Benedict of Quincay grew up around his hermitage.
Died
c.654
Feast of the Most Holy Redeemer
Article
Celebrated in honor of the graces and benefits of the Redemption. It was instituted at Venice, Italy in 1576 in thanksgiving for the cessation of a plague, and is now found only in the special calendar of some dioceses and religious orders.
Saint Ethelfleda
Also known as
Elfleda, Elflaeda, Ethelflaeda, Ethelfleda
Profile
Daughter of King Edward the Elder. Nun and then abbess of Ramsey Abbey where she was a sister with Saint Merewenna.
Died
c.970
Saint Oda of Aquitaine
Profile
Princess. Married to the Duke of Aquitaine (in modern France. Widow. Devoted her life after marriage, and her fortune, to care of the poor and suffering.
Died
• c.723 of natural causes
• shrine at Amay, near Liege, Belgium
Saint Clether
Also known as
Cleer, Clydog, Scledog, Clitanus, Cleodius
Profile
Known in Wales and Cornwall; several churches are dedicated to him. No details about him have survived.
Died
c.520
Saint Domitius of Amiens
Profile
Eight-century deacon and hermit near Amiens, France. Spiritual teacher of Saint Ulphia of Amiens.
Saint Elfleda
Also known as
Aelflead
Profile
Born an Anglo-Saxon princess and widow, she lived as an anchoress in Glastonbury, England, and was highly revered by Saint Dunstan of Canterbury.
Died
c.936
Saint Arethas of Negran
Profile
Sixth-century governor of the town of Negran in Arabia Felix. Martyred with a large number of Christians in the persecutions of Dunaan.
Died
523
Blessed Henry of Cologne
Profile
Studied at the University of Paris. One of the first Dominicans. First prior at Cologne, Germany. Friend of Blessed Jordan.
Died
1225
Saint Syra of Faremoutiers
Profile
Nun at Faremoutiers, France. Abbess of Châlons-sur-Marne, France.
Died
c.660
Saint Dorotheus of Hadrianopolis
Also known as
Dorotheus of Adrianopolis
Profile
Martyr.
Saint Verus of Salerno
Profile
Fourth-century bishop of Salerno, Italy. Fought heresy to maintain orthodox Christianity in his see.
Saint Socrates of Nicaea
Profile
Priest in Bithynia (modern Iznik, Turkey). Martyr.
Died
c.230 in Nicaea
Saint John of Syracuse
Profile
Bishop of Syracuse, Sicily in 595.
Died
c.609
Saint Severus of Hadrianopolis
Also known as
Severus of Adrianopolis
Profile
Martyr.
Saint Amo of Toul
Also known as
Amon
Profile
Fourth-century bishop of Toul, France.
Saint Euerotas of Nicaea
Profile
Martyr.
Died
c.230 in Nicaea
Saint Theodota of Nicaea
Profile
Martyr.
Died
c.230 in Nicaea
Martyrs of Valenciennes
Profile
A group of Urusuline and Briggittine nuns murdered together in the anti-Christian excesses of the French Revolution.
• Anne-Joseph Leroux
• Clotilde-Joseph Paillot
• Jeanne-Louise Barré
• Marie-Augustine Erraux
• Marie-Liévine Lacroix
• Marie-Marguerite-Joseph Leroux
Died
guillotined on 23 October 1794 in Valenciennes, Nord, France
Beatified
13 June 1920 by Pope Benedict XV
Martyred in the Spanish Civil War
Thousands of people were murdered in the anti-Catholic persecutions of the Spanish Civil War from 1934 to 1939. I have pages on each of them, but in most cases I have only found very minimal information. They are available on the CatholicSaints.Info site through these links:
• Agapit Gorgues Manresa
• Anatolio García Nozal
• Andrés Navarro Sierra
• Eduardo Valverde Rodríguez
• Eufrasio de Celis Santos
• Fulgencio Calvo Sánchez
• Honorino Carracedo Ramos
• José María Cuartero Gascón
• Justiniano Cuesta Redondo
• Leonardo Olivera Buera
• Manuel Navarro Martínez
• Tomás Cuartero Gascón
