Saint Andrew the Apostle
புனிதர் அந்திரேயா
திருத்தூதர்/ முதல் அழைப்பு பெற்றவர்/ கிறிஸ்துவை அறிமுகம் செய்தவர்:
பிறப்பு: கி.மு. ஐந்து அல்லது ஆறாம் நூற்றாண்டு
பெத்சாய்தா, கலிலேயா, ரோம பேரரசு
இறப்பு: கி.பி. முதலாம் நூற்றாண்டின் பிற்பகுதி
பட்ராஸ், அச்சையா, ரோம பேரரசு
ஏற்கும் சபை/ சமயம்: அனைத்து கிறிஸ்தவப் பிரிவுகளும்
முக்கிய திருத்தலங்கள்:
டூமோ கதீட்ரல், அமல்ஃபி, இத்தாலி
செயின்ட் ஆண்ட்ரூஸ் கதீட்ரல், பட்ராஸ், கிரீஸ்
யிண்ட் மேரீஸ் கதீட்ரல், எடின்பர்க், ஸ்காட்லாந்து
செயிண்ட் ஆண்ட்ரூ மற்றும் செயின்ட் ஆல்பர்ட் ஆலயம், வார்சாவ், போலந்து
நினைவுத் திருவிழா: நவம்பர் 30
சித்தரிக்கப்படும் வகை:
'X' வடிவ சிலுவை, ஏட்டுச்சுறுள்
பாதுகாவல் :
ஸ்காட்லாந்து, உக்ரைன், ரஷியா, சிசிலி, கிரேக்க நாடு, பிலிப்பைன்ஸ், ரூமேனியா, மீனவர், பாடகர், கர்ப்பிணிப் பெண்கள், இறைச்சி வெட்டுபவர்கள், கயிறு நெய்யும் தொழிலாளி, சைப்ரஸ், பட்ராஸ், பரான்ஹேக்கின் மறைமாவட்டம் (Diocese of Parañaque), அமாஃல்பி (Amalfi), லுக்கா (மால்டா) மற்றும் புருஸ்ஸியா (Luqa (Malta) and Prussia), விக்டோரியா மறைமாவட்டம் (Diocese of Victoria), பண்ணைத் தொழிலாளர்கள்
புனிதர் அந்திரேயா அல்லது புனிதர் பெலவேந்திரர், இயேசுவின் பன்னிரு திருத்தூதர்களுள் (அப்போஸ்தலர்களுள்) ஒருவர் ஆவார்.
கலிலேயாவின் பெத்சாயிதா நகரில் பிறந்த இவர், புனிதர் பேதுருவின் மூத்த சகோதரர் ஆவார். மீன் பிடி தொழில் செய்துவந்தார். திருமுழுக்கு யோவானிடம் சீடராயிருந்த இவர், பின்னர் இயேசுவோடு சேர்ந்தார். இயேசு, திருமுழுக்கு பெற்ற மறுநாள் அந்தப் பக்கமாய் செல்வதைக் கண்ட திருமுழுக்கு யோவான், அவரைச் சுட்டிக்காட்டி, "இதோ! கடவுளின் ஆட்டுக்குட்டி!" என்றார் . உடனே இவர் இயேசுவை பின் தொடர்ந்தார். இயேசுவின் அழைப்புக்கிணங்கி ஓர் இரவும் பகலும் அவரோடு தங்கினார். (யோவான் 1:29-39).
அடுத்த நாள் தன் சகோதரன் பேதுருவையும் அழைத்து வந்தார். கானாவூர் திருமணத்திற்கு இயேசுவோடு வந்திருந்தார். இயேசு அப்பங்களை பருகச் செய்த போது, ஒரு சிறுவனிடம் ஐந்து அப்பமும், இரண்டு மீன்களும் உள்ளதென்று சொன்னவர் இவரே (யோவான் 6:8). கோவிலின் அழிவை முன்னறிவித்தபோது அழிவு எப்போது வரும்?” என கேட்டவரும் இவரே. ஆண்டவரின் இறுதி இராவுணவின்போது இவருமிருந்தார். இறுதிகால இயேசுவின் இரண்டாம் வருகையின் அறிகுறி என்னவென்று இயேசுவிடம் கேட்பதற்காக ஒலிவ மலைக்கு (Mount of Olives) வந்த நான்கு சீடர்களுள் இவரும் ஒருவராவார்.
புனிதர் அந்திரேயா, “மத்திய யூரேசியாவின்” (Central Eurasia) பிராந்தியமான “ஸ்கித்தியாவில்” (Scythia) பிரசங்கித்தார். கிரேக்க புராணங்களில் அறிவுமிக்க வயதான “நெஸ்டார்” (Nestor) எனும் அரசனின் காலக்கிரமமாகத் தொகுக்கப்பட்ட நிகழ்ச்சிக் குறிப்பின்படி, கருங்கடல் (Black Sea), “டினெபர் நதி” (Dnieper river) மற்றும் “உக்ரெய்ன்” (Ukraine) நாட்டின் தலைநகரான “கியேவ்” (Kiev) வரை அவர் பிரசங்கித்ததாகக் கூறுகிறார். அங்கு அங்கிருந்து வடமேற்கு ரஷியாவின் நகரான “நோவ்கோரோடு” (Novgorod) சென்றார். எனவே, அவர் “உக்ரேய்ன்” (Ukraine), “ரோமானியா” (Romania) மற்றும் “ரஷ்யாவின்” (Russia) பாதுகாவலர் ஆவார். பாரம்பரியங்களின்படி, பின்னாளில் கி.பி. 38ம் ஆண்டுகளில், “கான்ஸ்டண்டிநோபில் மற்றும் இஸ்தான்புல்” (Constantinople and Istanbul) என்று அறியப்பட்ட, பண்டைய கிரேக்க நகரான “பைசான்டியம்” (Byzantium) கண்டடைந்தார். ரோம் கிறிஸ்தவ திருச்சபையின் மூன்றாம் நூற்றாண்டின் மிக முக்கிய இறையியலாலர்களில் ஒருவரான “ஹிப்போலிட்டஸ்” (Hippolytus of Rome) என்பவரின் கூற்றின்படி, அந்திரேயா பண்டைய தென்கிழக்கு ஐரோப்பாவின் புவியியல் மற்றும் சரித்திரவியல் பகுதியான “திரேஸ்” (Thrace) எனும் பகுதிகளிலும் பிரசங்கித்தார்.
அந்திரேயா, கிரேக்கத்தின் பிராந்தியப் பகுதிகளுள் ஒன்றான “அச்சேயா” (Achaea) எனுமிடத்திலுள்ள “பட்ராஸ்” (Patras) நகரில் 'X' வடிவ சிலுவையில் அறையப்பட்டு மறைசாட்சியாக கொல்லப்பட்டார். இயேசு கிறிஸ்து அறையப்பட்ட அதேவிதமான சிலுவையில் தாமும் அரையப்பட தாம் தகுதியானவனில்லை என்ற காரணத்தால், அவரே “X” வடிவ சிலுவையில் தம்மை அரையுமாறு வேண்டினார் என்றும் கூறப்படுகிறது. அச்சிலுவையைக் கண்டதும், "உன்னில் தொங்கி என்னை மீட்டவர், உன் வழியாய் என்னை ஏற்றுக் கொள்வாராக" என்றார். பட்ராசில் (Patras) உள்ள புனித அந்திரேயா ஆலயத்தில் இவரது புனித பண்டம் வைக்கப்பட்டுள்ளது.
Also known as
• Andrew the Protoclete
• Andreas, Endres
Additional Memorial
9 May (translation of relics)
Profile
The first Apostle. Fisherman by trade. Brother of Simon Peter. Follower of John the Baptist. Andrew went through life leading people to Jesus, both before and after the Crucifixion. Missionary in Asia Minor and Greece, and possibly areas in modern Russia and Poland. Martyred on an saltire (x-shaped) cross, he is said to have preached for two days from it.
Some peculiar marriage-related superstitions have attached themselves to Saint Andrew's feast day.
• An old German tradition says that single women who wish to marry should ask for Saint Andrew's help on the eve of his feast, then sleep naked that night; they will see their future husbands in their dreams.
• Another says that young women should note the location of barking dogs on Saint Andrew's Eve: their future husbands will come from that direction.
• On the day after Andrew's feast, young people float cups in a tub; if a boy's and a girl's cup drift together and are intercepted by a cup inscribed "priest", it indicates marriage.
There are several explanations for why Andrew became the patron of Scotland.
• In 345, Emperor Constantine the Great decided to translate Andrew's bones from Patras, Greece to Constantinople. Saint Regulus of Scotland was instructed by an angel to take many of these relics to the far northwest. He was eventally told to stop on the Fife coast of Scotland, where he founded the settlement of Saint Andrew.
• In the 7th century, Saint Wilfrid of York brought some of the saint's relics with him after a pilgrimage to Rome, Italy. The Scots king, Angus MacFergus, installed them at Saint Andrew's to enhance the prestige of the new diocese.
• When the Pictish King Angus faced a large invading army, he prayed for guidance. A white cloud in the form of a saltire cross floated across the blue sky above him. Angus won a decisive victory, and decreed that Andrew would be the patron saint of his country. Following Robert Bruce's victory at the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314, the Declaration of Arbroath officially named Saint Andrew the patron saint of Scotland. The Saltire became the national flag of Scotland in 1385.
Born
at Bethsaida, Galilee
Died
• crucified on a saltire (x-shaped) cross in Patras Greece
• relics destroyed c.1559 by Protestants
Blessed John of Vercelli
Also known as
John Garbella
Profile
Studied at the University of Paris. Doctor of civil and canon law. Taught law at Paris and Vercelli, Italy. Helped found a university in Vercelli.
Dominican Friar, joining in Vercelli, and receiving the habit from Blessed Jordan of Saxony, whose preaching had brought him to the Order. Transferred to Bologna, Italy to study the history and theology of the Order and for the priesthood. Ordained in 1229. Noted preacher in Bologna.
John returned to Vercelli in 1232 to establish a Dominican priory, and to serve as its superior. Peacemaker between Venice and other Papal States. Prior of the Dominican house in Bologna, and spiritual director to its nuns. Dominican Provincial of Lombardy in 1257. Fought heresies in northern Italy. Friend of King Saint Louis IX, and often consulted Saint Thomas Aquinas on theological matters.
Master-general of the Dominicans from 1264 to 1283. Insured uniform liturgical celebration throughout the Order. Served at the papal court of Pope Clement IV. Considered for the papacy after the death of Clement; when he learned of this, he fled the city. Pope Gregory X was elected instead.
Papal legate. Peacemaker between Venice and Genoa. Peacemaker between France and Castile. Commissioned by the pope to draw up the schema for the Second Council of Lyons, and actively participated in the Council. In 1274 he founded what eventually became the Holy Name Society (Confraternity of the Most Holy Name of God and Jesus). Appointed archbishop of Jerusalem in 1278, but begged to be released from the responsibility, citing advanced age, ill health, and the need for strong, vital leadership in the war-ravaged region.
Tradition says that during the translation of the relics of Saint Dominic de Guzman 1267, when the body was exposed to view, the head was seen to turn towards Blessed John. Embarrassed, John moved to another part of the church, giving his place to a cardinal. The head of Saint Dominic was seen by all to turn again toward John.
Born
1205 at Mosso Santa Maria, Italy as John Garbella
Died
• 30 November 1283 at Montpelier, France of natural causes
• buried at the Dominican convent at Montpelier
• his tomb was desecrated by Calvinists in 1562, and his body disappeared
Beatified
1903 by Pope Pius X (cultus confirmed)
Saint Castulus of Rome
Also known as
• Castulus of Moosburg
• Castolo, Castulo, Catulus, Kastl, Kastulis, Kastulus
Profile
Married to Saint Irene of Rome. Military officer in the imperial palace in Rome during the reign of Emperor Diocletian. A quiet Christian, he was denounced to authorities for sheltering fellow Christians; arrested, tortured and martyred.
Died
• buried alive in 288 on the Via Labicana outside Rome, Italy
• a cemetery named for him developed on the land
• a church dedicated to him was built in the 7th century on the site of his execution
• relics transferred to a Benedictine monastery in Moosburg an der Isar, Germany c.768
• relics transferred to Landshut, Germany in 1604
Blessed Everard of Stahleck
Also known as
• Everard of Commed
• Everard of Chumbd
• Everard of Comeda
• Eberhard of...
Profile
Born to the nobility, the youngest son of Wolfram of family of the counts of Stahleck in modern Germany. Page in the court at Heidelberg, Germany. In his early teens, Everard felt a call to religious life and tried three times to enter the Cistercian abbey of Schönau near Heidelberg, but was refused as being too young and uneducated. At age 16 he built himself a hermitage at Chumbd, Simmern, Hunsrück, diocese of Mainz, Germany and retired there from the world. Helped found a convent of Cistercian nuns at Chumbd (Comeda; Kumbd), Germany in 1183. Cistercian monk. Sub-deacon. Spiritual director of the nuns of Chumbd. Two of his sisters became nuns there, and a brother joined the Cistercians as a lay brother.
Born
1165 in the Stahleck castle, Bacharach, Rhineland-Palatinate (in modern Germany)
Died
• 30 November 1191 in the monastery of Chumbd, Germany of natural causes
• buried the at the church of Saint Mary at the monastery of Chumbd
• relics transferred to Himmerod Abbey in Großlittgen, Germany when the abbey at Comeda was suppressed in 1566
• relics have since disappeared
Saint Cuthbert Mayne
Additional Memorials
• 25 October as one of the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales
• 29 October as one of the Martyrs of Douai
• 1 December as one of the Martyrs of Oxford University
Profile
Raised a Protestant by his uncle, a schimastic priest. Ordained as a Anglican minister at age 19. Friend of Saint Edmund Campion. He converted to Catholicism in 1570 while a student at Saint John's College, Oxford. Studied and ordained at Douai, France, the first Englishman trained there. Ordained and returned to England in 1575 with Saint John Payne to minister to covert Catholics in Cornwall. Arrested in 1576, condemned and martyred for the crime of being a priest. Proto-martyr of English seminaries.
Born
1544 at Youlston, Devonshire, England
Died
• hanged, drawn, and quartered on 30 November 1577
• relics at the Carmelite convent, Lanherne, Cornwall, England
Beatified
• 29 December 1886 by Pope leo XIII (cultus confirmation)
• 4 May 1970 by Pope Paul VI (decree of martyrdom)
Canonized
25 October 1970 by Pope Paul VI
Blessed Frederick of Regensburg
Also known as
Friedrich
Profile
Born to a poor family. Skilled carpenter. Member of the Order of Hermits of Saint Augustine. Noted for his obedience to the Rule of his Order, his piety, the fervor of his prayer life and devotion to Eucharistic Adoration.
Born
late 13th century in Regensburg, Bohemia (in modern Germany)
Died
• 30 November 1329 in Regensburg, Bohemia (in modern Germany) of natural causes
• buried at the parish of Saint Cecilia at the Augustinian house in Regensburg
• grave re-discovered during construction in 1911, and relics enshrined in the church of Saint Cecilia
Beatified
12 May 1909 by Pope Pius X (cultus confirmation)
Saint Galganus
Also known as
• Galganus Guidotti
• Galgano
Profile
Galgano led a worldly life in his youth, but converted and became a hermit on Monte Siepe in Tuscany, Italy. A church built on the site of his hermitage in 1196 was turned over to the Cistercians in 1201, and they claimed Galgano as one of their own.
Legend says his conversion was caused by a visit from the Archangel Michael. After the vision he said giving up his former lifestyle would be as easy as cutting rocks with a sword. To emphasize this sarcastic remark, he drew his weapon and thrust at a stone, expecting the blade to snap; the sword buried into the rock up to the hilt, and Galganus changed his life.
Born
1148 at Chiusdino, Siena, Italy as Galgano Guidotti
Died
1181 at Monte Siepe, Tuscany, Italy
Canonized
1185 by Pope Lucius III
Saint Joseph Marchand
Additional Memorial
24 November as one of the Martyrs of Vietnam
Profile
Seminarian in Orsan in 1821. Priest. Studied at the Paris Society of Foreign Missions. Missionary to Annam, Vietnam in 1830. In 1832 he was offered the position of head of the Foreign Mission Seminary in Paris, but declined to continue his work in the field. Transferred to the province of Binh-Thuean. In 1833 a royal decree ordered the arrest of all European missionaries. Father Joseph was arrested and imprisoned in Saigon for 18 months. He was caged, tortured, mutilated and finally murdered. Martyr.
Born
17 August 1803 at Passavant, Doubs, diocese of Besancon, France
Died
• flesh ripped from his body with red hot tongs on 30 November 1835 at Tho Ðuc, Saigon, Vietnam
• his body was chopped into pieces and thrown into the sea
Canonized
19 June 1988 by Pope John Paul II
Blessed Ludwik Roch Gietyngier
Additional Memorial
12 June as one of the 108 Martyrs of World War II
Profile
Ordained a priest in 1927 in the archdiocese of Czestochowa, Poland. He was a dedicated teacher, catechist and youth minister. Director of the episcopal Latin school in Wielun, Poland. Priest in the parish of Saint Thecla in Raczyn, Poland. Youth minister and catechist. One of many priests arrested together in the area of Wielun on 6 October 1941. Imprisoned, deported, tortured and finally martyred in the Nazi persecutions of World War II.
Born
16 August 1904 in Zarki, Slaskie, Poland
Died
tortured and abused to death on 30 September 1941 in the Dachau concentration camp, Oberbayern, Germany
Beatified
13 June 1999 by Pope John Paul II at Warsaw, Poland
Saint Tudwal of Tréguier
Also known as
Pabu, Tugdual, Tugual, Tual
Profile
Son of King Hoel I and Saint Koupaïa; cousin of King Deroc of Dumnonia. Monk in Wales. Friend and co-worker with Saint Briarch. Evangelized in Brittany. Founded the monastery of Lan Pabu at Leon, Spain. Bishop of Tréguier (Treher), Brittany. Advisor to King Childebert I. Several sites in the Leyn Peninsula of Wales bear his name.
Born
6th century Welsh
Died
• c.564
• relics claimed by French churches in Tréguier, Laval, and Chartres
Saint Thaddeus Liu Ruiting
Also known as
Tadou
Profile
Priest, ordained at age 35, he spent his ministry walking from village to village, ministering to Christians and spreading the faith. Arrested on Pentecost 1821, he was tortured and then imprisoned for two years before his sentence was finally handed down. Martyr.
Born
c.1773 in Qunglai County, Sichuan, China
Died
strangled to death on 30 November 1823 at the temple in Quxian, Sichuan, China
Canonized
1 October 2000 by Pope John Paul II
Saint Anders of Slagelse
Profile
Early 13th-century priest at Saint Peter's Church, Slagalse, Denmark. While on pilgrimage in the Holy Lands he received a vision of a man on a white horse who miraculously transported him home so that he could celebrate Easter with his parishioners. The rider then transported him to shrine of Santiago de Campostella in Spain, and then to the shrine of Saint Olaf in Norway. Upon his return to Slagalse, Anders was able to heal the lame and blind by prayer.
Born
12th-century Slagelse, Denmark
Died
c.1205 of natural causes
Blessed Joscius Roseus
Also known as
• Joscius of Saint Bertin
• Josbert, Joscio, Valbebertus
Profile
Benedictine monk at Saint Bertin Abbey, diocese of Arras, France. Renowned for his devotion to Our Lady.
Died
• 1186 of natural causes
• legend says that a rose tree grew from the mouth of his corpse, and that the name "Mary" was found on the petals of its flowers
Blessed Alexander Crow
Additional Memorials
• 29 October as one of the Martyrs of Douai
• 22 November as one of the Martyrs of England, Scotland, and Wales
Profile
Cobbler. Priest in the apostolic vicariate of England. Martyred in the persecutions of Queen Elizabeth I.
Born
c.1550 in Howden, East Riding of Yorkshire, England
Died
30 November 1586 in York, North Yorkshire, England
Beatified
22 November 1987 by Pope John Paul II
Saint Isaac of Beth-Seleucia
Profile
Bishop of Beth-Seleucia, he was known for the number of converts he brought to the faith. Denounced for interfering with the Persian star worship, and suspected of treasonous collaboration with Roman authorities, he was arrested in 339. Tried before King Shapur II, they were given the chance to save themselves by denouncing their faith; they declined. Martyr.
Born
4th century Persian
Died
beaten to death in 339 in Persia
Saint Sapor
Also known as
Shapur
Profile
Bishop of Beth-Nictor, he was known for the number of converts he brought to the faith. Denounced for interfering with the Persian star worship, and suspected of treasonous collaboration with Roman authorities, he was arrested in 339. Tried before King Shapur II, they were given the chance to save themselves by denouncing their faith; they declined. Martyr.
Born
4th century Persian
Died
stoned to death in 339 in Persia
Saint Simeon of Persia
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Brother of Saint Tarbula. Convert. Denounced for suspected treasonous collaboration with Roman authorities and Christianity in general, he was arrested in 339. Tried before King Shapur II, they were given the chance to save themselves by denouncing their faith; they declined. Martyr.
Born
4th century Persian
Died
flayed alive in 339 in Persia
Saint Mahanes the Persian
Profile
Convert. Denounced for suspected treasonous collaboration with Roman authorities and Christianity in general, he was arrested in 339. Tried before King Shapur II, they were given the chance to save themselves by denouncing their faith; they declined. Martyr.
Born
4th century Persian
Died
flayed alive in 339 in Persia
Saint Abraham of Persia
Profile
Convert. Denounced for suspected treasonous collaboration with Roman authorities and Christianity in general, he was arrested in 339. Tried before King Shapur II, he was given the chance to save himself by denouncing his faith; he declined. Martyr.
Born
4th century Persian
Died
flayed alive in 339 in Persia
Blessed Andrew of Antioch
Profile
Augustinian canon regular at the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem. Travelled to Europe to collect funds for the Eastern houses of his order. Had a great reputation for personal holiness.
Born
1268 in Antioch, Syria
Died
27 March 1348 at Annecy, Savoy (part of modern France)
Saint Crider of Cornwall
Also known as
Creda
Profile
Daughter of an Irish chieftain. Nun. Friend of Saint Canice of Aghaboe.
Born
Ireland
Died
mid-7th century of natural causes
Saint Maura of Constantinople
Profile
Virgin martyr. No details of her life have survived. An island in the Ionian Sea is named for her. Devotion was widespread in the East. Julian the Apostate unsuccessfully tried to suppress devotion to her.
Died
at Constantinople (modern Istanbul, Turkey)
Saint Mirocles of Milan
Also known as
Merocles, Mirocleto
Profile
Archbishop of Milan, Italy. Writer. Attended the Council of Rome in 313. One of the originators of the Ambrosian liturgy and chant. His life and works were praised by Saint Ambrose of Milan.
Died
c.318 of natural causes
Saint Trojan
Also known as
Troyen
Profile
His father was Jewish, his mother was Arabic, and Trojan was an adult convert to Christianity. Priest. Student of Saint Vivien. Beloved bishop of Saintes, France.
Died
533
Blessed William de Paulo
Profile
Benedictine monk at San Niccolo dell' Arena. Abbot at Maniaco, assigned to restore discipline.
Born
Catania, Sicily
Died
1423 of natural causes
Saint Zosimus the Wonder Worker
Also known as
Zosimus of Palestine
Profile
Saint Zosimus of Palestine, also known as Zosimus the Wonderworker, was an ascetic monk and miracle worker who lived in the 5th century AD. He is revered as a saint in the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church.
Early Life and Asceticism
Zosimus was born in Phoenicia, Palestine, to a pious Christian family. From a young age, he was drawn to a life of piety and asceticism. He left his home and family to pursue a monastic life, first joining a monastery in Palestine and later living as a hermit in the desert.
Zosimus's asceticism was renowned for its severity. He practiced strict fasting, often eating only once or twice a week. He also spent long hours in prayer and meditation. His dedication to his faith and his extreme asceticism earned him a reputation for holiness and wonderworking abilities.
Miracles and Teachings
Zosimus is credited with performing numerous miracles, including healing the sick, raising the dead, and casting out demons. He was also known for his wisdom and spiritual guidance, and many sought his counsel on matters of faith and life.
Zosimus's teachings emphasized humility, repentance, and love for God and neighbor. He believed that true holiness was not found in external acts of piety, but in a sincere and contrite heart. He also taught the importance of asceticism as a means of purifying the soul and drawing closer to God.
Legacy
Zosimus died in the 5th century AD, and his relics are enshrined in the Tuman Monastery in Montenegro. He is considered a patron saint of Montenegro and is revered throughout the Orthodox world. His life and teachings continue to inspire Christians to seek a deeper relationship with God and to live a life of faith, humility, and love.
Died
6th century of natural causes
Blessed Arnold of Gemblours
Profile
Benedictine monk at Saint-Nicaise Abbey, Rheims, France. Abbot of Gemblours Abbey in Belgium.
Died
1155 of natural causes
Saint Constantius of Rome
Profile
Priest in Rome, Italy. Opposed Pelagianism, and murdered by its adherents.
Died
c.418 at Rome, Italy
Saint Justina of Constantinople
Profile
Saint Justina of Constantinople was a young woman who lived in Antioch during the 3rd century AD. She is known for converting the pagan magician Cyprian to Christianity and for suffering martyrdom for her faith.
Conversion of Cyprian
Justina was a devout Christian who was known for her beauty and intelligence. Cyprian, a renowned magician and sorcerer, was attracted to Justina and attempted to use his magic to seduce her. However, Justina's faith in God protected her from Cyprian's enchantments.
Cyprian, frustrated by his failures, became obsessed with Justina. He sought the help of demons to bring her under his control, but Justina's faith remained unshaken. Through her prayers and the power of her faith, Justina was able to convert Cyprian to Christianity.
Martyrdom
Cyprian and Justina both suffered martyrdom for their faith during the Diocletian Persecution. They were arrested, tortured, and eventually beheaded. Their martyrdom is said to have taken place on September 26, 304 AD.
Died
at Constantinople
Saint Merola of Antioch
Also known as
Merula
Profile
Saint Merola of Antioch, also known as Merula, was an early Christian martyr who lived in Antioch, Syria, during the late 4th century AD. She is venerated as a saint in both the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church.
Life and Martyrdom
Merola was a devout Christian who was known for her piety and her strong faith. During the persecution of Christians under Emperor Julian the Apostate, Merola was arrested and accused of her faith. She refused to renounce her Christianity, even when threatened with torture and death.
Merola was subjected to various forms of torture, including beatings, scourging, and imprisonment. However, she remained steadfast in her faith and refused to deny her beliefs. Finally, she was beheaded in Antioch.
Veneration
Saint Merola is venerated as a martyr in both the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church. Her feast day is celebrated on November 30. She is considered a patron saint of Antioch and is also invoked against storms and earthquakes.
Died
c.400 in Antioch, Syria
Saint Domninus of Antioch
Profile
Saint Domninus of Antioch (also known as Domnus) was a martyr and bishop of Antioch who lived during the late 4th or early 5th century AD. He is venerated as a saint in both the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church.
Life and Martyrdom
Domninus was born in Antioch, Syria, into a wealthy and noble family. He was educated in both Christian and pagan literature and became a respected scholar. He was also a devout Christian and was known for his piety and charity.
Domninus was elected bishop of Antioch around the year 381 AD. He served as bishop for several years, during which time he was known for his strong leadership and his dedication to his flock. He also played a key role in the theological debates of the time, defending the orthodox teachings of the Church against the heresies of Arius and Nestorius.
During the reign of Emperor Theodosius II, Domninus was accused of heresy by the Arians. He was arrested and imprisoned, but he refused to recant his beliefs. He was eventually tried and convicted of heresy and was sentenced to death.
Domninus was beheaded in Antioch around the year 400 AD. His martyrdom is commemorated on October 1 in the Eastern Orthodox Church and on July 14 in the Roman Catholic Church.
Died
c.400 in Antioch, Syria
Saint Euprepis of Rome
Profile
Euprepis of Rome, also known as Saint Euprepis, was a martyr who lived in Rome during the early centuries of Christianity. He is commemorated in the Roman Martyrology on November 30.
According to tradition, Euprepis was a young man who was arrested and tortured for his Christian faith. He refused to renounce his beliefs and was eventually beheaded.
Euprepis is venerated as a saint in both the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church. His feast day is celebrated on November 30.
Martyrs of Saxony
Profile
Missionaries who worked with Saint Willehad of Bremen. Martyrs. - Attroban, Benjamin, Emmingen, Folkard, Gerwald and Grisold.
Died
30 November 782 at River Weser, Lawer Saxony, Germany
Martyred in the Spanish Civil War
• Blessed Agustín Renedo Martín
• Blessed Amado Cubeñas Díaz-Madrazo
• Blessed Antonio Martínez Gil-Leonis
• Blessed Arturo Donoso Murillo
• Blessed Arturo García de la Fuente
• Blessed Benito Garnelo Álvarez
• Blessed Benito Rodríguez González
• Blessed Benito Velasco y Velasco
• Blessed Bernardino Calle Franco
• Blessed Conrado Rodríguez Gutiérrez
• Blessed Constantino Malumbres Francés
• Blessed Dámaso Arconada Merino
• Blessed Dionisio Terceño Vicente
• Blessed Emiliano Santamaría Angulo
• Blessed Esteban García Suárez
• Blessed Francisco Fuente Puebla
• Blessed Francisco Marcos Del Río
• Blessed Gerardo Gil Leal
• Blessed Gerardo Pascual Mata
• Blessed Gregorio Álvarez Fernández
• Blessed Heliodoro Merino y Merino
• Blessed Isidro Mediavilla Campos
• Blessed Jesús Gesta Piquer
• Blessed Jesús Largo Manrique
• Blessed Joaquín García Ferrero
• Blessed José Agustín Fariña Castro
• Blessed José Antonio Pérez García
• Blessed José Gando Uña
• Blessed José López Piteira
• Blessed José Noriega González
• Blessed José Otín Aquilué
• Blessed Josep Maria Dalmau Regás
• Blessed Juan Monedero Fernández
• Blessed Juan Peña Ruiz
• Blessed Juan Sánchez y Sánchez
• Blessed Julián Zarco Cuevas
• Blessed Julio Marcos Rodríguez
• Blessed Julio María Fincias
• Blessed León Alesanco Maestro
• Blessed Luis Abia Melendro
• Blessed Luis Palacios Lozano
• Blessed Luis Suárez-Valdés Díaz de Miranda
• Blessed Macario Sánchez López
• Blessed Manuel Miguel Sánchez
• Blessed Marcos Guerrero Prieto
• Blessed María del Olvido Noguera Albelda
• Blessed Mariano Revilla Rico
• Blessed Martín Arbé Barrón
• Blessed Matías Espeso Cuevas
• Blessed Máximo Valle García
• Blessed Melchor Martínez Antuña
• Blessed Miguel Cerezal Calvo
• Blessed Miguel Francisco Rueda Mejías
• Blessed Miguel Iturrarán Laucirica
• Blessed Nemesio Díez Fernández
• Blessed Nemesio García Rubio
• Blessed Nicéforo Salvador del Río
• Blessed Pedro Carvajal Pereda
• Blessed Pedro de la Varga Delgado
• Blessed Pedro Martínez Ramos
• Blessed Pedro Simón Ferrero
• Blessed Rafael Touceda Fernández
• Blessed Ramiro Alonso López
• Blessed Ramón Juan Costa
• Blessed Ricardo Marcos Reguero
• Blessed Román Martín Mata
• Blessed Santiago García Molina
• Blessed Saturnino Sanz y Sanz
• Blessed Tomás Sánchez López
• Blessed Vicente Angulo García
• Blessed Victor Cuesta Villalba
