St. Dominic del Val
Feastday: August 31
Patron: of Altar boys, acolytes and choirboys
Death: 1250
Altar boy reportedly killed by Jews in Aragon, Spain, called San Dominquito, "Little Dominic." He is listed as a martyr, being only seven when murdered.
Dominguito del Val (died c. 1250) was a legendary child of Medieval Spain, who was allegedly a choirboy ritually murdered by Jews in Zaragoza (Saragossa). Dominguito is the protagonist of the first blood libel in the history of Spain – stories that grew in prominence in the 12th and 13th centuries of the Middle Ages, and contributed to antisemitic incidents. According to the legend, Dominguito was ritually murdered by Jews of Zaragoza.
Saint Dominguito is no longer included on the official Roman Catholic liturgical calendar; however, there is still a chapel dedicated to him in the cathedral of Zaragoza. There exists little historical evidence of Dominguito aside from the stories and legends built around him.
Dominguito's legend
The historical basis for Dominguito is unclear. No medieval references to the legend have been found; the first texts that recount the tale date from 1583,[1] three hundred thirty-three years after the fact. The story appears to have been largely copied from the legend of Little Saint Hugh of Lincoln, collected by Fray Alonso de Espina. According to the accounts, Alfonso X of Castile wrote the original rendition of the story in 1250, saying: "We have heard it said that some very cruel Jews, in memory of the Passion of Our Lord on Good Friday, kidnapped a Christian boy and crucified him."
According to the legend, Dominguito was born in Zaragoza and was admitted as a cathedral altar-boy and chorister at La Seo because of beautiful voice. He disappeared on 31 August 1250, when he was seven years old. Some months later, some boatmen discovered the decomposed corpse on the bank of Ebro river.[1]
The story goes that one day on his way home the boy met a Jew by the name of Albayuceto, deceived him and brought him to a house in the Jewish quarter, where he was nailed to a cross and tortured until he died. In an effort to dispose of the body, they beheaded him, cut off the feet and buried the corpse on the banks of the Ebro River.
The child's bones were later interred in the cathedral, where in the chapel of Santo Dominguito del Val they are still revered as holy relics. Dominguito is still revered as a saint and celebrated in 31 August in the diocese of Zaragoza.[2]
The story resembles others like the so-called "Holy Children" of La Guardia (inspired by a real inquisitorial process 1491).
The story has similarities with other tales circulating in medieval Europe alleging the murder of a child at hands of Jews. These were symptomatic of the growing anti-Semitism in the Middle Ages. During the Middle Ages it was very frequent that in the face of any misfortune -weather, droughts, etc.- the Jewish community was blamed[citation needed]. Often, these stories were used to rationalize imposing greater repressive measures against the Jews
Saint Cyprian of Carthage
Also known as
• Thaschus Caecilius Cyprianus
• Thascius Caecilius Cyprian
Additional Memorials
• 31 August in Eastern Church
• 26 September in the Anglican Church
Profile
Born to wealthy pagan parents. Taught rhetoric and literature. Adult convert in 246, taught the faith by Saint Caecilius of Carthage. Ordained in 247. Bishop of Carthage in 249. During the persecution of Decius, beginning in 250, Cyprian lived in hiding, covertly ministering to his flock; his enemies condemned him for being a coward and not standing up for his faith. As a writer he was second only in importance to Tertullian as a Latin Father of the Church. Friend of Saint Pontius. Involved in the great argument over whether apostates should be readmitted to the Church; Cyprian believed they should, but under stringent conditions. Supported Pope Saint Cornelius against the anti-pope Novatian. During the persecutions of Valerian he was exiled to Curubis in 257, brought back Carthage, and then martyred in 258. His name is in the Communicantes in the Canon of the Mass.
Born
190 in Carthage, North Africa
Died
beheaded 14 September 258 in Carthage, North Africa
Saint Raymond Nonnatus
புனித ரேமண்ட் நொன்னட்டஸ்
மறைப்பணியாளர், குரு, ஒப்புரவாளர்:
பிறப்பு: கி.பி. 1204
போர்டெல், செகர்ர, பார்செலோனா, அரகன், (தற்போதைய ஸ்பெயின்)
இறப்பு: ஆகஸ்ட் 31, 1240
கார்டோனா கோட்டை, பார்செலோனா, அரகன், ஸ்பெயின்
ஏற்கும் சமயம்:
ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை
புனிதர் பட்டம்: கி.பி. 1657
திருத்தந்தை 7ம் அலெக்சாண்டர்
நினைவுத் திருநாள்: ஆகஸ்ட் 31
பாதுகாவல்:
பைத்தோவா (Baitoa); டொமினிக்கன் குடியரசு (Dominican Republic); குழந்தைப் பிறப்பு; கர்ப்பிணி பெண்கள்; பிறந்த குழந்தைகள்; குழந்தைகள்; மகப்பேறு மருத்துவர்கள்; தாதிகள்; காய்ச்சல்; பொய்யான குற்றச்சாட்டு; ஒப்புதல் வாக்குமூலம்
புனிதர் ரேமண்ட், ஸ்பெயின் (Spain) நாட்டின் “கட்டலோனியா” (Catalonia) நகரைச் சேர்ந்த ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபையின் புனிதர் ஆவார். இவரது தாயார், இவரை பிரசவிக்கும்போதே மரித்து போனார். அதனால் அறுவை சிகிச்சை (Caesarean) செய்துதான், தாயின் வயிற்றிலிருந்து இவரை எடுத்தனர்.
நன்கு கல்வி கற்றிருந்த இவரது தந்தை, இவருக்கு நல்லதோர் எதிர்காலத்தை உருவாக்கி தர முனைந்தார். “அரகன்” அரசின் (Kingdom of Aragon) அரசவையிலே சிறந்ததோர் உத்தியோகம் அவரைத் தேடி வந்தது. ஆனால், இவரது எண்ணங்களோ கிறிஸ்துவின் மீதும் அவர்தம் இரக்கத்தின் மீதுமே இருந்தது. அயலாரிடம் அன்பு காட்டுவதிலும் சிறந்தவராய் திகழ்ந்தார். இதனால், தமது பண்ணைகளிலொன்றினை நிர்வகிக்க அறிவுறுத்தியிருந்தார். சிறு வயது பிராயத்திலிருந்தே தமது வீட்டினருகேயிருந்த “தூய நிக்கோலஸ்” (St. Nicholas) சிற்றாலயத்தில் செபிக்கும் வழக்கம் கொண்டிருந்தார்.
பின்னர், “பார்சிலோனா” (Barcelona) நகரிலிருந்த “மெர்சிடரியன்” (Mercedarians) துறவற மடத்தின் சீருடைகளை ஏற்க ரேமண்டை அனுமதித்தார். “மெர்சிடரியன்” (Mercedarians) சபை, வட ஆபிரிக்காவின் முகம்மதியர்களிடம் (Moors of North Africa) பிடிபட்டிருந்த கிறிஸ்தவர்களை மீட்பதற்காக நிறுவப்பட்டதாகும். ரேமண்ட், அச்சபையின் நிறுவனரான “தூய பீட்டர் நோலாஸ்கோவிடம்” (St. Peter Nolasco) பயிற்சி பெற்றார். 1222ம் ஆண்டு குருத்துவ அருட்பொழிவு பெற்ற இவர், பின்னர் அச்சபையின் தலைமை (Master General) பொறுப்பேற்றார்.
பின்னர் வலென்சியா (Valencia) நாட்டிற்கு மறைப்பணியாற்ற சென்ற ரேமண்ட், மிகச் சிறப்பான முறையில் மறைப்பணியை ஆற்றினார். அந்நாட்டில் அடிமைகளாக பிடிக்கப்பட்டிருந்த சுமார் 140 கிறிஸ்தவர்களை அடிமைத்தளையிலிருந்து மீட்டார்.
அதன்பிறகு, ரேமண்ட் வட ஆப்ரிக்காவில் மறைப்பணியாற்ற சென்றார். அங்கும் அடிமைகளாக இருந்த 250 கிறிஸ்தவர்களை “அல்ஜியர்ஸ்” (Algiers) எனுமிடத்திலிருந்து மீட்டார். அதன்பிறகு “டுனிஸ்” (Tunis) என்ற நகருக்கு சென்றார். அங்கே, மிகச் சிறந்த முறையில் மறை பரப்புப் பணியை ஆற்றிய இவர், அந்நாட்டு முகம்மதிய மக்களால் சிறைபிடிக்கப்பட்டு அடிமைப்படுத்தப்பட்டார்.
சிறையில் இருக்கும்போது அவரின் உதடுகள் இரண்டையும் இழுத்து பிடித்து, உதடுகளின் நடுவே பளுத்த இரும்பினால் துளை போட்டு, இரும்பு பூட்டைக்கொண்டு, இவரின் வாயை பூட்டினர். அப்போது அக்கொடியவர்கள் ரேமண்ட்டை மறைபரப்பு பணியை ஆற்ற முடியாமல் செய்து வதைத்தனர். அங்கு அவர் பல துன்பங்களை அனுபவித்தார். பின்னர் அவரது சபையினரால் மீட்கப்பட்ட ரேமண்ட், கி.பி. 1239ம் ஆண்டு ஸ்பெயின் நாட்டுக்கு சென்றார்.
“பார்சிலோனா” (Barcelona) நகரிலிருந்து அறுபது மைல் தூரத்திலுள்ள “கர்டோனா கோட்டையில்” (Castle of Cardona) ரேமண்ட் மரித்தார். கி.பி. 1657ம் ஆண்டு, திருத்தந்தை ஏழாம் அலெக்சாண்டரால் (Pope Alexander VII) புனிதர் பட்டமளிக்கப்பட்ட ரேமண்ட் அவர்களின் நினைவுத் திருவிழா ஆகஸ்ட் மாதம் 31ம் தேதி ஆகும்.
Also known as
• Raymund Nonnatus
• Raimundo Nonato
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Born to the Spanish nobility. Well educated, his father planned a career for Raymond in the royal court in Aragon (part of modern Spain). When Raymond felt drawn to religious life, his father ordered him to manage one of the family farms. However, Raymond spent his time with the shepherds and workers, studying and praying until his father gave up the idea of making his son a wordly success.
Mercedarian priest, receiving the habit from Saint Peter Nolasco, the order's founder. Master-general of Mercedarian Order. Spent his entire estate ransoming Christians from Muslim captors, then surrendered himself as a hostage to free another. Sentenced to death by impalement, he was spared because of his large ransom value. Imprisoned and tortured, he still managed to convert some of his guards. To keep him from preaching the faith, his captors bored a hole through his lips with a hot iron, and attached padlock. Raymund was eventually ransomed, returning to Barcelona, Spain in 1239.
Created cardinal by Pope Gregory IX, Raymond continued to live as a mendicant monk. He died while en route to Rome to answer a papal summons.
Born
• 1204 at Portella, diocese of Urgel, Catalonia, Spain
• delivered by caesarean operation (c-section) when his mother died in childbirth; hence the name non natus = not born
Died
• 31 August 1240 at Cardona, Spain of a fever
• buried at the chapel of Saint Nicholas near his family farm he was supposed to have managed
Beatified
5 November 1625 by Pope Urban VIII (cultus confirmed)
Canonized
1657 by Pope Alexander VII (canonized)
Blessed Pere Tarrés i Claret
Profile
The son of Francesco and Carmen Tarrés i Claret, he and his sisters Francesca and Maria, both of whom became Conceptionist nuns, were raised in a Christian home. Due to his father‘s work as a mechanic, the family moved regularly. He received Confirmation on 31 May 1910, and his first Communion on 1 May 1913. Pere was educated by the Piarist Fathers and Jesuits, helped in a local pharmacy, and graduated from the College of Saint Ignatius. He studied medicine at the University of Barcelona, and attended the Oratory of Saint Philip Neri. Member of the Federation of Young Christians and Catholic Action. Pere’s father died in July 1925, and not long after his mother was in an accident that left her crippled for life. Received his degree in medicine in 1928. With Dr Gerardo Manresa, he founded the Our Lady of Mercy clinic in Barcelona which concentrated on treating tuberculosis patients.
Pere was on a spiritual retreat at the Montserrat monastery when the Spanish Civil War broke out and its anti–Christian persecutions began. He continued working at the clinic, and secretly bringing Communion to covert Catholics. Drafted by the Spanish Republic in July 1938 to serve as an army doctor, receiving the rank of captain. Along with treating patients, he studied Latin and philosophy, and after the war he taught at the University of Barcelona. He entered Barcelona seminary on 29 September 1939, and was ordained a priest in the archdiocese of Barcelona on 30 May 1943. Studied theology at the Pontifical University in Salamanca, Spain, receiving his degree on 13 November 1944. Served as an official in Catholic Action, was active in parish youth ministry, and as chaplain of women‘s religious houses, including the Franciscan Sisters of the Sacred Heart. Taught moral theology and served as confessor at the seminary in Barcelona.
Father Pere was diagnosed in May 1950 with an aggressive form of cancer. His health went rapidly downhill, and he offered his final months of suffering and death for the sanctification of his brother priests.
Born
30 May 1905 in Manresa, Barcelona, Spain
Died
• 31 August 1950 in his clinic in Barcelona, Spain of lymphoblastic lymphosarcoma
• buried in the Montjuic cemetery
• re-interred in the parish church of San Vicente of Sarrià on 6 November 1975
Beatified
5 September 2004 by Pope John Paul II in Loreto, Italy
Saint Aidan of Lindesfarne
புனித ஐடன்
இவர் நார்தம்பிரியாவின் அப்போஸ்தலர் என்றும் லின்டிஸ்பார்ன் நகர எய்டன் என்றும் அழைக்கபடுகிறார்
இவர் அயர்லாந்து நாட்டைச் சார்ந்தவர். சிறுவயதிலேயே இறைவன் மிகுந்த பற்றுக் கொண்ட இவர், வளர்ந்ததும், துறவு மடத்தில் சேர்ந்து துறவியானார்.
திருவிலியத்தில் புலமை பெற்றிருந்த இவர் கடவுளின் வார்த்தையை மிகவும் வல்லமையோடு எடுத்துரைத்து, பலரையும் ஆண்டவர் இயேசுவில் நம்பிக்கை கொள்ளச் செய்தார். நார்தம்பரியாவில் இவர் ஆற்றிய நற்செய்திப் பணியே இதற்குச் சான்று.
இவர் ஏழைகளிடம் மிகுந்த கரிசனையோடு இருந்தார். அதே நேரத்தில் தூய்மைக்கும் எடுத்துக்காட்டாக விளங்கினார்.
இப்படிப்பட்டவர் லின்டர்ஃபர்ன் (Lindesfarne) என்ற இடத்தின் ஆயராகத் திருநிலைப்பட்டார். இதன் பிறகு இவர் கடவுளின் வார்த்தையை இன்னும் சிறப்பாக அறிவித்தார். லின்டர்ஃபர்னில் இவர் ஒரு துறவுமடத்தையும் நிறுவினார். இத்துறவுமடம் மக்களுக்கு ஆன்மிகத்தை மட்டும் போதிக்காமல் பல துறைகளைச் சார்ந்தவற்றையும் போதித்தது.
இப்படித தன் வாழ்வையே சிறந்த நற்செய்தியாகத் தந்த இவர் 651 ஆம் ஆண்டு இறையடி சேர்ந்தார்.
Also known as
• Apostle of Northumbria
• Aedan of Lindisfarne
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Monk at Iona, Scotland. Studied under Saint Senan at Inish Cathay. Bishop of Clogher, Ireland. Resigned the see to became a monk at Iona c.630. Evangelizing bishop in Northumbria, England at the behest of his friend the king, Saint Oswald of Northumbria. Once when pagans attacked Oswald's forces at Bambrough, they piled wood around the city walls to burn it; Saint Aidan prayed for help, and a change in wind blew the smoke and flames over the pagan army.
Aidan was known for his knowledge of the Bible, his eloquent preaching, his personal holiness, simple life, scholarship, and charity. Miracle worker. Trained Saint Boswell. Founded the Lindesfarne monastery that became not only a religious standard bearer, but a great storehouse of European literature and learning during the dark ages. Saint Bede is lavish in his praise of the episcopal rule of Aidan.
Born
Irish
Died
• 31 August 651 at Bamburg, England of natural causes
• the young Saint Cuthbert of Lindisfarne, a shepherd in the fields at the time, saw Aidan's soul rise to heaven as a shaft of light
• buried at Lindesfarne
Saint Joseph of Arimathea
அரிமத்தியா புனிதர் யோசேப்பு
இயேசு கிறிஸ்துவின் இரகசிய சீடர்:
பிறப்பு: ----
இறப்பு: ----
பழைய எருசலேம் நகரிலுள்ள “தூய செபுல்ச்ர்”, சிரியாக் மரபுவழி சிற்றாலயம்
ஏற்கும் சமயம்:
ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை
கிழக்கு மரபுவழி திருச்சபை
ஆங்கிலிக்கன் ஒன்றியம்
லூதரனியம்
ஓரியண்டல் மரபுவழி திருச்சபை
நினைவுத் திருவிழா:
Feast 31 August (Roman Catholic Church)
31 July (Eastern Rite)
1 August (Episcopal Church)
3rd Sunday of Pascha, Feast of the Myrrh-bearing women (Orthodox Church)
Monday after sixth Sunday after feast of the Holy Cross (Armenian Apostolic Church)
பாதுகாவல்: நீத்தோர் இறுதி சடங்கினை வழிநடத்துவோர்
அரிமத்தியா ஊரைச் சேர்ந்த புனிதர் யோசேப்பு என்பவர், நற்செய்திகளின்படி, இயேசுவின் மரணத்தின் பின்னர், அவரை அடக்கம் செய்தவர் ஆவர். இவர் நான்கு திருமுறை நற்செய்திகளிலும் குறிப்பிடப்பட்டுள்ளார்.
மாற்கு 15:43 இவரை மதிப்புக்குரிய தலைமைச் சங்க உறுப்பினர் எனவும், இறையாட்சியின் வருகைக்காகக் காத்திருந்தவர் எனவும் குறிக்கின்றது.
மத்தேயு 27:57 இவர் இயேசுவுக்குச் சீடராய் இருந்தார் எனக்குறிக்கின்றது.
யோவான் 19:38 இவரை இயேசுவின் சீடர்களுள் ஒருவர் எனவும் யூதருக்கு அஞ்சியதால் தம்மைச் சீடர் என்று வெளிப்படையாகக் காட்டிக்கொள்ளாதவர் எனவும் குறிக்கின்றது.
இதன்படி இவர் இயேசுவின் உடலை எடுத்துக் கொண்டுபோகப் பிலாத்துவிடம் (Pilate) அனுமதி கேட்டார். பிலாத்து நூற்றுவர் தலைவரிடமிருந்து கேட்டு இயேசுவின் இறப்பை உறுதி செய்தபின்பு யோசேப்பிடம் இயேசுவின் உடலை அளித்தான்.
“நிக்கதேம்” (Nicodemus) துணையோடு “கொல்கொதாவில்” (Golgotha) இவர் இயேசுவின் உடலை சிலுவையிலிருந்து இறக்கி யூத அடக்க முறைப்படி நறுமணப் பொருட்களுடன் துணிகளால் சுற்றிக் கட்டினார். ஒரு புதிய கல்லறை ஒன்றில் அவரின் உடலை அடக்கம் செய்தார் என விவிலியம் கூறுகின்றது.
கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை, கிழக்கு மரபுவழி திருச்சபை, லூதரனியம் மற்றும் சில ஆங்கிலிக்கம் சபைகள் இவரை புனிதர் என ஏற்கின்றன.
Also known as
Joseph of Glastonbury
Profile
Wealthy Israelite owner of tin mines in Cornwall. May have been related to Jesus, and certainly was a disciple and student. He is the noble counselor mentioned in the Gospel of Mark. Provided the tomb for Christ, and with the help of Saint Nicodemus, interred Jesus. Tradition says he brought the Faith and the Holy Grail to England. When he planted his traveller's staff in Glastonbury, it took root and became a thorn tree which flowered each Christmas Day.
Born
Arimathea, Palestine
Died
1st century
Prayer
Merciful God, whose servant Joseph of Arimathaea with reverence and godly fear, prepared the body of our Lord and Savior for burial, and laid it in his own tomb: Grant to us, your faithful people, grace and courage to love and serve Jesus with sincere devotion all the days of our life; through Jesus Christ our Lord, who lives and reigns with you and the Holy Spirit, one God, for ever and ever.
Blessed Germán Martín y Martín
Profile
Member of the Salesians, making his novitiate in Carabanchel Alto, Spain, and making his religious profession in 1918. He studied philosophy and education in Carabanchel Alto, Barcelona and Baracaldo. Teacher in Havana, Cuba in work that substituted for mandatory military service. Ordained a priest in 1927, and assigned to Carabanchel Alto for six years. He also worked in the Spanish cities of Bilbao and Madrid. Served as teacher, counselor, catechist and spiritual director at the San Miguel Arcángel School on the Paseo de Extremadura in 1933 till 1936; remembered by former students for his deep spiritual life, his strict personal adherance to Salesian principles, and as a counselor who could reach them on their own level in spiritual and academic matters. At the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War, Father Germán and the other Salesians were forced to abandon the school and go into hiding. Seized at a boarding house in Madrid on 30 August 1936 and executed the next day for the crime of being a priest.
Born
9 February 1899 in San Cristobál de Priero, Oviedo, Spain
Died
shot in the early morning hours of 31 August 1936 in the cemetery Aravaca, Madrid, Spain
Beatified
28 October 2007 by Pope Benedict XVI
Blessed Isidoro Primo Rodríguez
Also known as
Edmigio, Edmigius
Additional Memorial
16 November as one of the Martyrs of Almeria
Profile
Member of the Brothers of the Christian Schools (De La Salle Brothers); he entered the novitiate on 3 August 1898, taking the name Edmigio; he received the habit on 8 October 1898, and his perpetual vows on 11 August 1911. Taught in several schools and in Saint Joseph College in Almería, Spain. Arrested by the anti-Catholic Popular Front forces in the Spanish Civil War, and executed for the crime of teaching Christianity. One of the Martyrs of Almeria killed during the Spanish Civil War.
Born
4 April 1881 in Adalia, Palencia, Spain
Died
• shot in the head on 31 August 1936 in Pozo de la Lagarta, Tabernas, Almería, Spain
• body thrown into a well
Beatification
10 October 1993 by Pope John Paul II
Blessed Andrew Dotti
Also known as
Andrea Dotti
Profile
Born to the nobility, the brother of Count Dotto Dotti. A career soldier, he rose to the rank of captain of archers in the army of Philippe the Fair. Though he grew up a courtier and lived as a soldiers, Andrew was always drawn to religious life. In 1278, after hearing a sermon by Saint Philip Benizi, he joined the Servite Order, being received into the Order by Saint Philip himself. Priest. Held several offices in the Order. Noted preacher and sought after confessor. Known in his day for his personal penances. Visionary and miracle worker. Late in life he retired to Montevecchio to spend his final days in prayer and solitude.
Born
1256 at Borgo San Sepolcro, Tuscany, Italy
Died
• 31 August 1315 in Montevecchio, Italy of natural causes
• buried in Borgo San Sepolcro, Tuscany, Italy
Beatified
29 November 1806 by Pope Pius VII (cultus confirmed)
Blessed Bernardo Cembranos Nistal
Also known as
Eustaquio of Villaquite
Profile
Feeling an early call to religious life, Bernardo joined the Capuchins on 20 May 1920, aged 17, taking the name Eustaquio de Villaquite; he made his profession as a lay brother on 6 May 1921. When the Spanish Civil War broke out in 1936, Bernardo was serving as a cook in the Capuchin house in Gijón, Spain. For the offense of being in religious life, he was arrested by militiamen on 21 July 1936; witnesses attest that he spent all his time in prayer. He was used as forced labour, including clearing debris from bomb sites, and repeatedly ordered to renounce his faith; Brother Bernardo refused. Martyr.
Born
20 August 1903 in Villaquite, León, Spain
Died
shot in the early morning of 31 August 1936 in Gijón, Asturias, Spain
Beatified
13 October 2013 by Pope Francis
Saint Nicodemus
புனிதர் நிக்கதேம்
கிறிஸ்துவின் பாதுகாவலன்:
பிறப்பு: கி.மு. முதலாம் நூற்றாண்டு
இறப்பு: கி.பி. முதலாம் நூற்றாண்டு
யூதேயா
ஏற்கும் சமயம்:
ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை
கிழக்கு மரபுவழி திருச்சபை
ஆங்கிலிக்கன் ஒன்றியம்
லூதரனியம்
ஓரியண்டல் மரபுவழி திருச்சபை
நினைவுத் திருவிழா: ஆகஸ்ட் 31
பாதுகாவல்: ஆர்வமுள்ளவர்களின் (Curious)
புனித நிக்கதேம் என்பவர் விவிலியத்தின்படி, இயேசுவின் சீடராவார். இவர் ஒரு “பரிசேயரும்” (Pharisee), யூதத் தலைவர்களுள் ஒருவரும், ஆவார்.
இவர் யோவான் நற்செய்தியில் மூன்று முறை குறிக்கப்பட்டுள்ளார்:
முதல் முறையாக, இவர் ஓர் இரவில் இயேசுவிடம் வந்து உரையாடியதாக யோவான் நற்செய்தி குறிக்கின்றது. (யோவான் 3:1-21)
இரண்டாம் முறையாக, இவர் இயேசுவுக்காக தலைமைக் குருக்களிடமும் பரிசேயர்களிடமும் “ஒருவரது வாக்குமூலத்தைக் கேளாது, அவர் என்ன செய்தாரென்று அறியாது ஒருவருக்குத் தீர்ப்பளிப்பது நமது சட்டப்படி முறையாகுமா?” என்று கேட்டு இவர் பரிந்து பேசியதாக கூறுகின்றது. (யோவான் 7: 50-51)
இறுதியாக, அரிமத்தியா யோசேப்புவுக்கு (Joseph of Arimathea) இயேசுவின் உடலை அடக்கம் செய்ய இவர் உதவியதாக கூறுகின்றது. (யோவான் 19:39-42)
இவர் முதலில் இயேசுவை இரவில் சந்தித்து உரையாடிய பகுதியில் உள்ள விவிலிய வரிகள் மிகவும் புகழ் பெற்றதாகும். குறிப்பாக யோவான் 3:16 நற்செய்தியின் சுறுகம் என அழைக்கப்படுகின்றது. மேலும் பல கிறிஸ்தவ பிரிவுகளில் மீள்பிறப்புக் கொள்கை (Born again) இவ்வுரையாடலிலிருந்தே பெறப்படுகின்றது.
4ம் நூற்றாண்டின் மையத்தில் எழுதப்பட்ட திருமுறையினை சாராத “நிக்கதேம் நற்செய்தி” (Gospel of Nicodemus) என்னும் நூல் இவரால் எழுதப்பட்டதாக கூறுகின்றது. ஆயினும் இது பின்னாட்களில் எழுதப்பட்ட போலி என்பது அறிஞர் கருத்து.
கிறிஸ்தவ மரபுப்படி இவர் 1ம் நூற்றாண்டில் மறைசாட்சியாக கொல்லப்பட்டார் என்பர்.
Profile
Member of the Sanhedrin in Israel during the life of Jesus. He was a secret disciple of Christ, meeting him by night to avoid the wrath of the other members of the Sanhedrin, and eventually spoke out to that body to remind them that Jesus had a right to a hearing. With Saint Joseph of Arimathea he prepared Jesus' body and placed him in the tomb. There was an apocryphal "gospel" that was purported to have been written by him; it is sometimes entitled the Acts of Pilate. Tradition says he was a martyr, though no details have survived.
Died
1st century
Saint Paulinus of Trier
Profile
Missionary to Germany where he worked with Saint Maximinus in the area of Trier. Bishop of Trier in 349. Strongly supported Saint Athanasius of Alexandria, which led to him being exiled to Phrygia, Asia Minor by the Arian Emperor Constantius in 355; he was never able to return to his diocese; he died in exile, and thus is considered a martyr.
Born
Gascony, France
Died
• 358 in Phrygia, Asia Minor (in modern Turkey)
• relics returned to Trier, Germany in 396
Saint Aristides the Philosopher
Also known as
• Aristides of Athens
• Aristide Marciano
Profile
Early Christian writer and philosopher. Taught philosophy in Athens, Greece. Presented an explanation of Christianity to Emperor Hadrian in 133, a work inspired by the persecution of Christians, and which led to an imperial decree that paused the imperial anti–Christian policy. Wrote an account of the Passion of Saint Dionysius the Areopagite.
Blessed Patrick O'Healy
Also known as
Pádraig Ó Héilí
Additional Memorial
20 June as one of the Irish Martyrs
Profile
Franciscan Friars Minor (Observants) priest. Chosen bishop of Mayo, Ireland in 1576 by Pope Gregory XIII. Martyr.
Born
in Dromahaire, Leitrim, Ireland
Died
31 August 1579 in Kilmallock, Limerick, Ireland
Beatified
27 September 1992 by Pope John Paul II in Rome, Italy
Saint Cuthburgh of Wimborne
Also known as
Cuthburg, Cuthburga
Profile
Sister of King Ina of Wessex in England; sister of Saint Cwenburgh of Wimborne. Benedictine nun at Barking Abbey in Essex, England where she was a friend of Saint Hildelith. With Cwenburgh, she founded a monastery in Wimborne, Dorset, England, and served as abbess there. Many of her Wimborne sisters worked as missionaries to Germany.
Died
c.725
Blessed Conn O'Rourke
Also known as
Conn, Connus, Cornelius
Additional Memorial
20 June as one of the Irish Martyrs
Profile
Franciscan Friars Minor (Observants) priest. Martyr.
Born
c.1549 in Breifne (now in counties Leitrim and Cavan), Ireland
Died
31 August 1579 in Kilmallock, Limerick, Ireland
Beatified
27 September 1992 by Pope John Paul II in Rome, Italy
Saint Caesidius
Also known as
Cesidio
Profile
Son of Saint Rufinus. Priest. Imprisoned, tortured and martyred in the persecutions of Maximinus with several fellow Christians, including Saint Placidus and Saint Eutychius, but most of whose names have not come down to us. While in prison, he ministered to other prisoners, and converted some who were pagans.
Died
3rd century on the shores of Lake Fucino near Rome, Italy
Saint Cwenburgh of Wimborne
Profile
Sister of King Ina of Wessex in England; sister of Saint Cuthburgh of Wimborne. Benedictine nun. With Cuthburgh, she founded a monastery in Wimborne, Dorset, England, and served as abbess there. Many of her Wimborne sisters worked as missionaries to Germany.
Saint Theodotus of Caesarea
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Married to Saint Rufina of Caesarea. Father of Saint Mamas. Martyred in the persecutions of Aurelian.
Died
c.270 at Caesarea, Cappadocia, Asia Minor
Saint Rufina of Caesarea
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Married to Saint Theodotus of Caesarea. Mother of Saint Mamas. Martyred in the persecutions of Aurelian.
Died
c.270 at Caesarea, Cappadocia, Asia Minor
Saint Ammi of Caesarea
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Foster-mother of Saint Mamas. Martyred in the persecutions of Aurelian.
Died
c.270 at Caesarea, Cappadocia, Asia Minor
Saint Optatus of Auxerre
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Bishop of Auxerre, France c.529.
Saint Optatus of Auxerre was the bishop of Auxerre in France from around 530 to 550. He is said to have been a disciple of Saint Germanus of Auxerre. Optatus was a staunch defender of the Catholic faith against the Arian heresy. He was also a friend and supporter of Saint Columbanus.
Not much is known about Optatus's early life. He was born in Auxerre, France, and was educated by Saint Germanus. After Germanus's death, Optatus was elected bishop of Auxerre.
As bishop, Optatus was a strong defender of the Catholic faith. He was particularly opposed to the Arian heresy, which denied the divinity of Christ. Optatus wrote several treatises against Arianism, and he also helped to organize the Council of Paris in 553, which condemned Arianism.
Optatus was also a friend and supporter of Saint Columbanus. Columbanus was an Irish monk who came to Gaul in the 6th century. He was a strong advocate for monastic reform, and he founded several monasteries in Gaul. Optatus helped Columbanus to establish his monasteries, and he also defended him against his critics.
Optatus died in Auxerre in around 550. He is considered a saint by the Catholic Church, and his feast day is celebrated on August 31.
Died
c.530 of natural causes
Saint Barbolenus of Bobbio
Profile
Abbot in Bobbio, Italy.
Saint Barbolenus of Bobbio was the fourth abbot of Bobbio Abbey in Italy. He was born in Ireland in the 6th century, and he came to Bobbio with Saint Columbanus in 614. He was a close friend and confidant of Columbanus, and he succeeded him as abbot in 615.
Barbolenus was a wise and prudent leader, and he helped to consolidate the abbey's position as a center of learning and culture. He also oversaw the construction of the abbey's library, which became one of the greatest libraries in the Middle Ages.
Barbolenus died in 639, and he is buried in the abbey church. He is considered a saint by the Catholic Church, and his feast day is celebrated on August 31.
Died
c.640
Saint Robustian of Milan
He was a bishop of Milan in the 5th century.
According to his hagiography, Robustian was born in Milan to a wealthy family. He was educated in Milan and Rome, and he became a priest. He was elected bishop of Milan in 450.
As bishop, Robustian was a strong defender of the Catholic faith against the Arian heresy. He also worked to improve the lives of the poor and the sick. He died in Milan in 470.
Died
in Milan, Italy
Saint Mark of Milan
Saint Mark of Milan, but he is not an early martyr. He was a bishop of Milan in the 5th century.
According to his hagiography, Mark was born in Milan to a wealthy family. He was educated in Milan and Rome, and he became a priest. He was elected bishop of Milan in 450.
As bishop, Mark was a strong defender of the Catholic faith against the Arian heresy. He also worked to improve the lives of the poor and the sick. He died in Milan in 470.
Saint Mark is considered a saint by the Catholic Church, and his feast day is celebrated on August 31.
Martyred in the Spanish Civil War
• Blessed Bernardo Cembranos Nistal
• Blessed Dionisio Ullivarri Barajuán
• Blessed Enrique Vidaurreta Palma
• Blessed Félix Paco Escartín
• Blessed Isidro Ordóñez Díez
• Blessed José María Palacio Montes
• Blessed Justo Zariquiegui Mendoza
• Blessed Marciano Herrero Martínez
• Blessed Miguel Menéndez García
• Blessed Tomás Alonso Sanjuán
• Blessed Ventureta Sauleda Paulís
Martyrs of Pozo de la Lagarta
The Martyrs of Pozo de la Lagarta were a group of Dominican priests and laypeople who were killed during the Spanish Civil War. They were beatified by Pope Francis in 2022.
Agylus of Orléans
aint Agylus of Orléans was a vicomte of Orléans in the 6th century. He was known for his violent and unruly behavior, but he had a change of heart after witnessing a miracle. He renounced his worldly life and became a monk. He died in 593 and is buried in the church of Saint-Ay, which he founded.
Here are some more details about Saint Agylus of Orléans:
- He was born into a wealthy and powerful family in Orléans, France.
- He was a vicomte, which was a high-ranking official in the Frankish kingdom.
- He was known for his violence and unruly behavior.
- He had a change of heart after witnessing a miracle.
- He renounced his worldly life and became a monk.
- He founded the church of Saint-Ay, where he is buried.
Coemed Maccu Baird
Saint Coemed Maccu Baird (also spelled Aedh ap Rhystud) was a 5th-century Irish saint. He was one of the nine sons of Darerca, the sister of Saint Patrick. Coemed was a bishop, and he is said to have established his see in Cloonshaneville, County Roscommon, Ireland.
Coemed is mentioned in the Vita Tripartita, a biography of Saint Patrick written in the 9th century. According to the Vita Tripartita, Coemed was one of three of Darerca's sons who were ordained as deacons by Saint Patrick. Coemed is also mentioned in the Martyrology of Tallaght, which was compiled in the 8th century. The Martyrology of Tallaght records that Coemed's feast day is celebrated on August 31.
Enswida of Folkestone
Eanswith who is commemorated on August 31. This saint is Eanswith of Winchester, who was an Anglo-Saxon nun who lived in the 8th century. She is not as well-known as Saint Eanswith of Folkestone, but she is still honored by the Church.
Saint Evergislus of Meaux:
He was born in Meaux, France, around 650.
He was the son of a wealthy landowner.
He was educated at the Abbey of Saint-Denis.
He was ordained a priest.
He became the bishop of Meaux in 690.
He was a wise and compassionate leader.
He was known for his work with the poor and the sick.
He died in 741.
He is considered a saint by the Catholic Church.
His feast day is celebrated on August 31.
Wala of Corbie
Wala of Corbie's feast day is celebrated on August 31. He was a Frankish count, Benedictine abbot, and influential minister at the courts of the Holy Roman emperors Charlemagne and Louis I the Pious. He stood for imperial unity against the traditionalist party, which looked for partition of the emperors' lands.
Wala was born around 755 and died on August 31, 836. He was the son of Bernard, son of Charles Martel, and his wife Bilichilde. He was educated at the court of Charlemagne and served as a count in the royal administration. In 814, he was forced to enter the monastery of Corbie by Louis the Pious, who was purging the palace of potential rivals.
Wala was abbot of Corbie from 826 until his death. He was a strong supporter of the Carolingian empire and worked to promote unity among the Frankish people. He was also a patron of learning and culture, and he helped to establish the abbey of Corvey as a center of learning.
Wala was canonized by Pope John XIX in 1026. His feast day is celebrated on August 31.
Waldef of Croyland
Waldef of Croyland (also spelled Waltheof) was an Anglo-Saxon nobleman who was executed for treason in 1076. He was the son of Earl Siward of Northumbria and a prominent figure in the resistance to the Norman conquest of England.
Waldef was born in Northumbria in the early 11th century. He was the son of Earl Siward, who was one of the most powerful nobles in England at the time. Waldef was educated at the court of King Edward the Confessor and became a close friend of the king's son, Prince Edward.
After the death of King Edward in 1066, Waldef supported Prince Edward's claim to the throne. However, the throne was eventually won by William the Conqueror, the Duke of Normandy. Waldef refused to submit to William and became one of the leaders of the resistance to the Norman conquest.
In 1075, Waldef was involved in a plot to overthrow William the Conqueror. The plot was unsuccessful, and Waldef was captured and executed. He was beheaded in Winchester on August 31, 1076.
Waldef was considered a martyr by the Anglo-Saxons, and his cult grew in popularity in the following centuries. He is now venerated as a saint by the Catholic Church, and his feast day is celebrated on August 31.
