Saint Boniface
புனிதர் போனிஃபாஸ்
ஆயர்/ மறைசாட்சி :
பிறப்பு : 675
டெவன், இங்கிலாந்து
இறப்பு : 5 ஜூன் 754 (அகவை 79)
ஃப்ரிஸியா (Frisia)
ஏற்கும் சமயம் :
ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை
ஆங்கிலிக்கன் திருச்சபை
லூதரன் திருச்சபை
நினைவுத் திருநாள் : ஜூன் 5
வின்ஃப்ரிட் அல்லது வின்ஃப்ரித் (Winfrid, Wynfrith) என்பது இவரது திருமுழுக்கு பெயர் ஆகும். இவரது ஐந்தாம் வயதில் துறவிகள் சிலர் இவரது குடும்பத்தை சந்திக்க வந்தனர். அப்போது வின்ஃப்ரிட், தாமும் ஓர் துறவியாக வேண்டுமென்று ஆசைபட்டார். தமது 7ம் வயதில் வீட்டின் அருகிலிருந்த ஒரு துறவற மடத்தில் சேர்ந்து கல்வி கற்றார்.
சிறந்த அறிவாளியும், புனிதருமான துறவி ஒருவர், இவருக்கு கல்வி கற்றுக் கொடுத்தார். வின்ஃப்ரிட் (போனிஃபாஸ்) தமது படிப்பை முடித்தபின் அதே பள்ளியில் ஆசிரியராக பணியாற்றினார். அப்போது முதன்முதலாக இலத்தின் இலக்கணத்தை ஆங்கிலேயருக்கெனத் தயாரித்தார்.
பின்னர் தமது 30ம் வயதில் குருவாக திருநிலைப் படுத்தப்பட்டார். அதன் பின் வின்ஃப்ரிட் (போனிஃபாஸ்) ஜெர்மனி நாட்டில் மறைபரப்பு பணிக்கு இறைவன் தம்மை அழைப்பதாக உணர்ந்தார். இதனால் 716 ல் ஜெர்மனி வந்தார். பின்னர் அங்கு மறைபரப்பு பணிக்கான சூழ்நிலை இல்லை என்பதால், மீண்டும் தாயகம் திரும்பினார்.
திருத்தந்தையின் ஆசீரோடு போனால் பயன் உண்டு என்று நினைத்து, உரோமை சென்றார். திருத்தந்தை இவரது பெயரை "போனிஃபாஸ்" என்று மாற்றினார். புதிய பெயருடன் ஜெர்மனியில் உள்ள ஹெஸ் (Hess) என்ற பகுதிக்கு சென்றார். அவர் சென்ற நேரத்தில் கொடிய அரசன் ராட்போர்ட் என்பவன் இறந்தான். அவனை அடுத்து வந்த அரசன் இவரிடம் அதிக அன்பு காட்டினார். இதனால் 3 ஆண்டுகள் பிரிஸ்லாந்தில் கடுமையாக உழைத்து மறைபரப்பு பணியை ஆற்றினார்.
இவரின் புனிதமான பணியை பார்த்த குருக்கள் இவரை ஆயராக தேர்ந்தெடுக்க முடிவு செய்தனர். ஆனால் போனிஃபாஸ் அதை ஏற்றுக் கொள்ளவில்லை. இதனால் இவர் 722ல் உரோமுக்கு செல்ல இவருக்கு கட்டளை பிறப்பிக்கப்பட்டது. அங்கே அவர் ஆயர் பதவிக்கு உயர்த்தப்பட்டார். இவருக்கு மறைபரப்பு பணியை ஜெர்மனி முழுவதும் பரப்ப பொறுப்பு வழங்கப்பட்டது. திருத்தந்தை, அரசன் சார்லஸ் மார்ட்டலுக்கு (Charles Martel) கொடுத்தனுப்பிய பரிந்துரைக் கடிதம் இதற்கு மிக உதவியாக இருந்தது.
இதன் அடிப்படையில் ஜெர்மனி முழுவதும் இருந்த மூட நம்பிக்கைகளையும், தவறான கொள்கைகளையும் கூண்டோடு அழிக்க அவருக்கு துணிச்சல் ஏற்பட்டது. ஒருமுறை மக்கள் அனைவரையும் ஒன்றாக கூட்டி, அவர்கள் தெய்வமாக வழிபட்டு வந்த ஒரு வளர்ந்த மரத்தின் முன் நிற்க வைத்து, அம்மரத்தை ஒரு கோடாரி வைத்து வெட்டினார். அம்மரம் 4 துண்டுகளாக பிரிந்து விழுந்தது. இதனால் கடவுளின் சினம் பேராபத்துடன் வரப்போகிறது என்று அம்மக்கள் கதிகலங்கினர்.
எந்த வித ஆபத்தும் இல்லாமற் போகவே, அவர்கள் நம்பிய தெய்வங்கள் பயனற்றவை என்ற முடிவுக்கு வந்தனர். அதன்பின் அவர்கள் கடவுள் ஒருவரே என்பதை உணர்ந்தனர். அம்மக்களை மனமாற்றியபின் அவர் அங்கிருந்து துரிஞ்சியா பகுதிக்கு மறைபரப்பு பணிக்கு சென்றார். அங்கிருந்த மக்கள் குருக்களுக்கு பல தொல்லைகளை கொடுத்தனர்.
இதனால் இங்கிலாந்திலிருந்து ஏராளமான துறவிகளையும், கன்னியர்களையும் அழைத்து வந்தார். 731ல் திருத்தந்தை 2ம் கிரகோரி இறந்தார். அதன்பின் வந்த திருத்தந்தை 3ம் கிரகோரி, போனிஃபாசுக்கு கூடுதல் அதிகாரங்களை வழங்கி, மறைபரப்பு பணியை திறம்பட தொடர ஊக்கமூட்டினார்.
741ல் மன்னன் சார்லஸ் மார்ட்டலுக்குப் பின், அவரின் மகன்கள் பெப்பின், கார்ல்மென் ஆட்சிக்கு வந்தனர். இவர்களும் போனிஃபாசுக்கு பல சலுகைகளை வழங்கினர். அப்போது இருமுறை ஆயர் பேரவைகளை கூட்டினார். அதன்வழியாக திருச்சபையில் இருந்த பலதரப்பட்ட ஊழல்களை களைந்தார். திருச்சபையில் புதிய இரத்தத்தைப் பாய்ச்சினார். மைன்ஸ்-ஐ (Mainz) தலைநகராகக் கொண்டு, அவர் கர்தினால்களின் அதிகாரங்களுடன் பணியில் ஈடுபட்டார். போனிஃபாசுக்கு மறைபரப்பு பணிக்கு மிக உதவியாய் இருந்த மன்னன் கார்லமென் காலமானார். இதனால் மனமுடைந்த போனிஃபாஸ் துறவுமடம் போக விரும்பி, அங்கு தனிமையை நாடினார். அப்போது அரசன் பெப்பின் இரு நாடுகளையும் ஒன்றிணைத்தான்.
இப்பணி போனிஃபாசுக்கு தன் பணியை எளிதாக ஆற்ற மிகவும் உதவியாயிருந்தது. ஆயர் அப்போது வயது முதிர்ந்தவராக இருந்தார். இதனால் எல்லா விதங்களிலும் தனக்கு உதவியாக இருந்த "லல்" (Lall) என்பவரிடம் தன் பொறுப்புகள் அனைத்தையும் ஒப்படைத்தார்.
பின்னர் தன் கையால் முதன்முதலாக திருமுழுக்கு பெற்ற பிரீஸ்லாந்து மக்களிடையே சென்று மறைபரப்பு பணியை தொடர்ந்தார். பிரிஸ்லாந்தின் வடகிழக்கு பகுதியில் இருள் மங்கிக்கிடந்தது. அம்மக்கள் ஆயரில்லா ஆடுகளை போல இருந்தனர். அப்போது தமது 73ம் வயதில் அம்மக்களை ஒன்றாக கூட்டி கிறிஸ்து உயிர்ப்பு விழாவிற்கு அடுத்த ஞாயிறன்று ஞானஸ்நானம், உறுதிபூசுதல் கொடுக்க "டொக்கு" என்ற இடத்தில் ஏற்பாடு செய்தார். புதிய கிறிஸ்தவர்களின் வருகைக்காக தம் குடிசையில் காத்துக் கொண்டிருக்கும் போது, சில முரடர்களால் தாக்கப்பட்டார். ஆயரின் உடன் பணியாளர்கள் அவரை காப்பாற்ற முயன்றனர்.
ஆனால் "கிறிஸ்துவுக்காக உயிரைக் கொடுப்போம்" என்று ஆயர் போனிஃபாஸ் கூறும் போதே, முதல் அடி அவர் மேல் விழ, ஆயரின் உயிர் பிரிந்தது. அவரோடு இணைத்து உடன் இருந்தவர்களும் கொல்லப்பட்டனர். இன்று இத்தனை நூற்றாண்டுகளாக ஜெர்மனியும், ஃபிரான்சும் ஆழமான விசுவாசமுள்ள நாடுகளாக காட்சியளிக்கின்றன என்றால் அதற்கு அடித்தளமிட்டவர், இரத்தம் சிந்தி உரமிட்டவர் புனித போனிஃபாஸ் என்பதை எவராலும் மறக்க இயலாது.
Also known as
• Apostle of Germany
• Boniface of Crediton
• Boniface of Mainz
• Winfrid, Winfried, Wynfrith
Profile
Educated at the Benedictine monastery at Exeter, England. Benedictine monk at Exeter. Missionary to Germany from 719, assisted by Saint Albinus, Saint Abel, and Saint Agatha. They destroyed idols and pagan temples, and then built churches on the sites. Bishop. Archbishop of Mainz. Reformed the churches in his see, and built religious houses in Germany. Ordained Saint Sola. Founded or restored the dioceses of Bavaria, Thuringia, and Franconia. Evangelized in Holland, but was set upon by a troop of pagans, and he and 52 of his new flock, including Saint Adaler and Saint Eoban were martyred.
Once in Saxony, Boniface encountered a tribe worshiping a Norse deity in the form of a huge oak tree. Boniface walked up to the tree, removed his shirt, took up an axe, and without a word he hacked down the six foot wide wooden god. Boniface stood on the trunk, and asked, "How stands your mighty god? My God is stronger than he." The crowd's reaction was mixed, but some conversions were begun.
One tradition about Saint Boniface says that he used the customs of the locals to help convert them. There was a game in which they threw sticks called kegels at smaller sticks called heides. Boniface bought religion to the game, having the heides represent demons, and knocking them down showing purity of spirit.
Born
c.673-680 at Crediton, Devonshire, England
Died
• martyred 5 June 754 at Dokkum, Freisland (modern Nederlands)
• interred at monastery at Fulda, Germany
Blessed Malgorzata Szewczyk
Also known as
• Sister Lucja
• Margherita Lucia Szewczyk
• Mother of the Poor and Orphans
Profile
Born to a deeply religious family, she was orphaned young (her father died when Malgorzata was seven, her mother when she was nine) and leaned on her faith; the Eucharist became the center of her faith the rest of her life. At age 20 Malgorzata became a Franciscan tertiary, making her initial vows on 24 August 1878. Spiritual student of Blessed Honorat Kozminski beginning c.1880. She began a personal ministry of caring for sick and neglected elderly women, letting the homeless ones move in with her. This work attracted other women, and with Blessed Honorat, she organized them into the Daughters of the Sorrowful Mother of God, also known as the Seraphic Sisters, founded formally on 18 April 1881. In 1891 she moved to the Galicia region of eastern Europe and built a monastery in Oswiecim, Poland, which became the motherhouse of the Daughters and a hub of care for abandoned and sick people, orphans, and for religious education. She worked for two years in the Holy Land where she cared for sick pilgrims. The Daughters full pontifical approval from Pope Pius XII on 3 March 1953, and continue their good work today with hundreds of Sisters in dozens of houses.
Born
c.1828 in Szepetówka, Khmelnytskyi, Russian empire (in modern Ukraine)
Died
5 June 1905 in the convent of the Daughters of the Sorrowful Mother of God in Nieszawa, Aleksandrów, Poland of natural causes
Beatified
• 9 June 2013 by Pope Francis
• beatification recognition celebrated by Cardinal Angelo Amato at the Sanktuarium Bozego Milosierdzia, Kraków-Lagiewniki, Poland
• the beatification miracle involved the 1975 cure of severe pneumonia in a nun
Patronage
Daughters of the Sorrowful Mother of God
Blessed Meinwerk of Paderborn
Also known as
• Meginwerk
• Builder Bishop (nickname referring to the number of construction projects)
Profile
Son of Imad, Count of Tesiterbant and Radichen, he was born to the Immedinger nobility; related to the Saxon royal family. Studied in the German cities of Halberstadt and Hildesheim; schoolmate of Saint Bernward of Hildesheim. Priest. Canon at Halberstadt. Chaplain at the court of Otto III. Bishop of Paderborn, Germany, consecrated on 13 March 1009; he served for 27 years during which he was known for founding monasteries and other construction works. He divided the diocese into parishes, helped build many of the parish churches, and travelled throughout the region, insisting on adherence to discipline by priests and monks. He brought in teachers in agriculture, mathematics and the sciences to teach the laity in the cathedral school. Travelled to Rome, Italy for the coronation of Henry II.
Died
• 1036 of natural causes
• buried in the crypt of the church at Abdinghof Abbey
• relics enshrined in Abdinghof on 25 April 1376
• relics transferred to Busdorf, Germany in 1803 when Abdinghof was secularized
Blessed Ferdinand of Portugal
Also known as
Ferdinand the Prince
Profile
A prince, the son of King John I of Portugal. He grew up in the royal court, but spent his free time in prayer and helping the poor. Though a layman, he was offered a cardinalate by Pope Eugene IV; he declined. In 1437, with his brother Henry, he commanded an expedition to Morocco against the Moors. The Portuguese were defeated at Tangiers; Ferdinand offered himself as a hostage to secure the cession of Ceuta to the Moors. Ferdinand was thrown into a dungeon at Fez, Morroco where he survived five years of abuse and torture. The writer Calderon made him the hero of the drama, El Principe Constante.
Born
1402 at Santarem, Portugal
Died
• 1443 in prison in Fez, Morocco of maltreatment
• interred in the royal crypt at Batalha
Beatified
1470 by Pope Paul II
Saint Franco of Assergi
Profile
Benedictine monk at the monastery of San Giovannia Battista at Lucoli, Italy for 20 years. Lived for several years as a hermit near the monastery. Hermit in the mountains of Assergi, Italy.
In addition to his reknown for being pious and prayerful, there is a healing spring in the mountains that emerged when Franco prayed for a water supply. He is reported to have rescued a baby in swaddling clothes from a wolf. When he found that he was drawing too much attention (and company) from the locals, he moved into a cave with a mother bear and three cubs, and was left alone.
Born
at Castel Regni, Abruzzi, Italy
Died
c.1275 of natural causes
Canonized
1757 by Pope Benedict XIV (cultus confirmation)
Saint Ðaminh Huyen
Also known as
Dominic
Additional Memorial
24 November as one of the Martyrs of Vietnam
Profile
Married layman in the apostolic vicariage of Central Tonkin (in modern Vietnam). Fisherman by trade. Father. Imprisoned, tortured and executed in the persecutions of emperor Tu Duc. He spent his time in prison encouraging other prisoners to keep their faith. Martyr.
Born
c.1817 in Ðong Thành, Thái Bình, Vietnam
Died
burned alive on 5 June 1862 in Nam Ðinh, Vietnam
Canonized
19 June 1988 by Pope John Paul II
Saint Ðaminh Toai
Also known as
Dominic
Additional Memorial
24 November as one of the Martyrs of Vietnam
Profile
Married layman in the apostolic vicariage of Central Tonkin (in modern Vietnam). Fisherman by trade. Father. Imprisoned, tortured and executed in the persecutions of emperor Tu Duc. He spent his time in prison encouraging other prisoners to keep their faith. Martyr.
Born
c.1811 in Ðong Thành, Thái Bình, Vietnam
Died
burned alive on 5 June 1862 in Nam Ðinh, Vietnam
Canonized
19 June 1988 by Pope John Paul II
Saint Illidius of Clermont
Also known as
Allyre, Alyre, Allirol, Allirand, Allirot, Illide, Illidio, Ilidius
Profile
Fourth Bishop of Clermont (formerly Averna), Auvergne, France. He worked to establish Clermont as a center of religious teaching and devotion in the region. Cured the daughter of the Emperor Maximus at Trier (in modern Germany). Highly venerated by Saint Gregory of Tours. The petrified mineral springs and Benedictine abbey in Clermont are named for him.
Died
• 5 June 385 of natural causes
• relics at the ancient Benedictine abbey of Saint Allyre in the suburb of Clermont, France
Saint Eutichius of Como
Also known as
Eutichio
Profile
Hermit. Priest. Bishop of Como, Italy in 525. He had such a dedication to the contemplative prayer life that he led his diocese from a hermitage outside the city.
Born
482
Died
• 5 June 539 in Como, Italy of natural causes
• buried in the basilica of San Abbondio
• relics transferred to a raised sarcophagus behind the high altar at the church of Saint George in Como
• relics later moved to a side chapel of the church
Saint Dorotheus of Tyre
Also known as
Doroteo
Profile
Priest, scholar, and author at Tyre, Lebanon. Driven into exile during the persecutions of Diocletian, but later returned. Bishop of Tyre. Attended the Council of Nicaea in 325. Driven into exile at Odyssopolis, Thrace by Julian the Apostate. There the 107 year old priest was arrested, beaten, and murdered for his faith. Martyr.
Born
c.255
Died
martyred c.362
Blessed Adalbert Radiouski
Also known as
Albert
Profile
Premonstratensian monk. Canon and then prior of the Premonstratensian monastery of Saint Vincent in Wroclaw, Poland where he insisted on proper monastic discipline. He took to the streets to defend his house against attacks by Protestants.
Born
15th century in Poland
Died
• 1527 in Wroclaw, Poland
• relics enshrined in the Premonstratensian monastery of Saint Vincent in Wroclaw
Saint Genesius, Count of Clermont
Profile
Born to the nobility, the son of Audastrius and Tranquilla. Miracle worker in his youth, restoring sight to the blind, healing the lame. Built and richly endowed several churches and religious houses. Friend of Saint Bonitus, Bishop of Clermont, and of Saint Meneleus, Abbot of Menat.
Died
• 725 of natural causes
• buried at Combronde
Saint Luke Loan
Also known as
Luca Vu Bá Loan
Profile
Priest in the apostolic vicariate of West Tonkin (modern Vietnam). Arrested and martyred in one of the waves of anti-Christianity.
Born
c.1756 at Phú Ða, Vietnam
Died
beheaded on 5 June 1840 in Hanoi, Vietnam
Beatified
5 June 1986 by Pope John Paul II (decree de signis)
Canonized
19 June 1988 by Pope John Paul II
Saint Sanctius of Córdoba
Also known as
Sancho, Sancius, Sancio
Profile
Lifelong layman and Christian. Captured by the Moors as a prisoner of war, he was taken to Córdoba, Spain, educated at the Moorish court, and enrolled in the guards of the Emir. Martyred when he refused to convert to Islam.
Born
in Albi, France
Died
impaled in 851 at Córdoba, Spain
Blessed Adam Arakawa
Profile
Married layman catechist martyr in the diocese of Funai, Japan.
Born
c.1551 in Arima, Hyogo, Japan
Died
5 June 1614 in Shiki, Amakusa, Nagasaki, Japan
Beatified
24 November 2008 by Pope Benedict XVI
Saint Eobán of Utrecht
Also known as
Eobáno, Eobánus
Profile
Benedictine monk. Priest. Evangelized Freisland with Saint Boniface and Saint Willibrord of Echternach. Appointed bishop of Utrecht, Netherlands by Saint Boniface. Martyr.
Born
Ireland
Died
martyred 5 June 754 at Dokkum, Freisland (modern Netherlands)
Saint Adaler of Erfurt
Also known as
Adelario, Adolar
Profile
Evangelized Freisland with Saint Boniface. Martyr.
Born
Irish
Died
5 June 754 at Dokkum, Freisland (in modern Netherlands)
Saint Claudius of Egypt and Companions
Profile
Born to the nobility, he was martyred with 194 fellow Christians; no other information about him, and none of the names of his companions have come down to us.
Died
Egypt
Saint Gregorio of Lilybaeum
Profile
Priest. Bishop of Lilybaeum, Sicily (modern Marsala). Martyred in the persecutions of Tircano.
Died
beheaded, date and location unknown
Saint Hadulph
Also known as
Hathawulf
Profile
Benedictine monk. Travelled, worked and martyred with Saint Boniface.
Died
5 June 754 at Dokkum, Freisland (modern Netherlands)
Saint Austrebertus of Vienne
Profile
Bishop of Vienne, France from 726 till 742. Supported the missionary work of Saint Boniface.
Died
742
Saint Waccar
Profile
Benedictine monk. Travelled, worked and martyred with Saint Boniface.
Died
martyred 5 June 754 at Dokkum, Freisland (modern Nederlands)
Saint Gundekar
Profile
Benedictine monk. Travelled, worked and martyred with Saint Boniface.
Died
5 June 754 at Dokkum, Freisland (modern Nederlands)
Saint Elleher
Profile
Benedictine monk. Travelled, worked and martyred with Saint Boniface.
Died
5 June 754 at Dokkum, Freisland (modern Nederlands)
Saint Tudno of Caernarvon
Profile
Llandudno in Wales is named after him.
Died
6th century
Saint Felix of Fritzlar
Profile
Monk at Fritzlar, Germany. Martyred by a pagan mob.
Died
c.790
Saint Privatus of Africa
Profile
Martyr.
Died
somewhere in Africa, date unknown
Saint Evasius of Africa
Profile
Martyr.
Died
somewhere in Africa, date unknown
Martyrs of Caesarea
Profile
A group of Christians who converted together, were imprisoned together, tortured together, and martyred together. We know nothing more about them but their names - Cyria, Marcia, Valeria and Zenaides.
Died
Caesarea, Palestine, date unknown
Martyrs of Egypt
Profile
A group of Christians martyred together in the persecutions of Galerius Maximian. The only other information was have is three of their names - Apollonius, Marcian and Nicanor.
Died
in Egypt, date unknown
Martyrs of Perugia
Profile
A group of Christians martyred together in the persecutions of Decius. We know little more than their names - Cyriacus, Faustinus, Florentius, Julian and Marcellinus.
Died
beheaded in 250 in Perugia, Italy
Martyrs of Rome
Profile
26 Christians martyred together. We have no details about them but their names – Candida, Castula, Fappa, Felician, Felicitas (2 of), Felicula, Fortunatus, Gagus, Gregor, Hilarius, Ingenuus, Juliana, Martialis, Maurus, Mustilus, Nicander, Prima, Rogata, Rutianus, Sacrinus, Saturnin, Secundian, Secundus, Urbicus, Victurus
Died
• Rome, Italy, date unknown
• relics transferred to Antwerp, Belgium, date unknown
Bartolomeo Placido of Recanati
Bartolomeo Placido di Recanati was an Italian priest and venerated figure in the Catholic Church. Here's what we know about him:
Life:
Born in Fermo, Italy, though the exact date is unknown.
Died in Recanati, Italy, in 1473.
Served as a priest in Recanati.
Known for his piety and devotion to the Virgin Mary.
Considered a holy man by the local community.
Veneration:
Though not formally canonized by the Catholic Church, Bartolomeo Placido is venerated locally in Recanati and surrounding areas.
His feast day is celebrated on June 5th.
A church in Recanati is dedicated to him.
Dorotheus of Gaza
Dorotheus of Gaza, also known as Abba Dorotheus, was a Christian monk and abbot who lived in the 6th century AD. Here's what we know about him:
Life:
Born in Antioch, Turkey, around 500 AD.
Entered the monastery of Abba Seridus near Gaza in Palestine as a young man.
Became a disciple of the renowned spiritual elders Barsanuphius and John the Prophet.
Served in various roles within the monastery, including infirmarer and guest master.
Eventually became a hermit and founded his own monastery.
Died around 565 AD.
Legacy:
Revered as a saint by the Eastern Orthodox Church, Roman Catholic Church, and Oriental Orthodox Church.
Celebrated on June 5th (Roman Catholic) and June 18th (Eastern Orthodox) in his feast day.
Known for his wisdom and practical advice on spiritual life.
His writings, including the "Discourses" and "Letters," offer valuable insights into monastic life and spiritual growth.
• Giusto
Saint Giusto, also known as Saint Justus of Trieste. He is a Roman Catholic saint and the patron saint of the city of Trieste, Italy.
Here's what we know about him:
Life and Martyrdom:
He was a citizen of Trieste in Italy during the Roman Empire.
Known for his good works and charity.
Refused to renounce Christianity during a time of persecution.
Martyred in 293 AD, likely by being thrown into the sea with weights.
Veneration:
Feast day is celebrated on November 2nd in the Roman Catholic Church.
Venerated in the Eastern Orthodox Church as well.
Considered a symbol of faith and courage.
Legacy:
The Cathedral of San Giusto in Trieste is named after him.
He is also the patron saint of several other towns and cities.Saint Giusto's official feast day in the Roman Catholic Church is November 2nd, some sources do list June 5th as an alternative feast day.
Igor
Saint Igor, the Martyr:
This Saint Igor was a Prince of Chernigov and Kiev in the 12th century.
He was involved in the political struggles of the time, and despite being chosen as the successor to his brother, he faced opposition and was eventually deposed.
He was imprisoned and later murdered by a mob.
After his death, miracles were reported to have occurred around his body, and he was venerated as a saint-martyr.
His feast day is celebrated on June 18th in the Eastern Orthodox Church.
Prince Igor of Kiev:
This Igor was a Prince of Kiev who lived in the 9th and 10th centuries.
He is known primarily from historical accounts like the Primary Chronicle.
He is not officially recognized as a saint, but some sources and icons associated with him are commemorated on June 5th.
Confusion and Clarification:
The association of Saint Igor with June 5th might be due to the commemoration of the "Igorov icon" of the Mother of God, which was prayed before by the martyred Saint Igor.
It's important to distinguish between the two figures when encountering information about Saint Igor.
Theodor of Novgorod
Saint Theodore of Novgorod whose feast day is also celebrated on June 5th. He is known as Saint Theodore Yaroslavich of Novgorod. He was the older brother of the famous Saint Alexander Nevsky and lived in the 13th century.
