புனிதர்களை பெயர் வரிசையில் தேட

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30 November 2022

இன்றைய புனிதர்கள் டிசம்பர் 01

 Saint Eligius of Noyon


Also known as

Alar, Elaere, Elar, Elard, Eler, Eloi, Eloy, Iler, Loy


Additional Memorials

• 24 June (translation of relics, and blessing of horses)

• 8 November as one of the Saints of the Diocese of Evry



Profile

Son of Eucherius and Terrigia. Extremely skillful metalsmith. Apprenticed to the master of the mint at Limoges, France. Treasurer at Marseilles, France. Master of the mint under King Clotaire II in Paris, France; a close friend of and advisor to Clotaire. Noted for his piety, hard work and honesty, Eligius was generous to the poor, ransomed slaves (including Saint Tillo of Solignac), built churches, a monastery at Solignac, France, and a major convent in Paris. It was said that you could easily find his house by the number of poor people there that he was caring for. Counselor to and diplomat for King Dagobert I. Friend of Saint Ouen of Rouen with whom he formed a small religious society. Persuaded Breton King Judicael to accept the authority of Dagobert.


Ordained in 640. Bishop of Noyon, France and Tournai, Belgium in 641. Built the basilica of Saint Paul. Preacher in Antwerp, Ghent, and Courtai in Belgium, with many converts, generally brought to the faith by his example of charity and work with the poor and sick. Friend and spiritual teacher of Saint Godeberta. Encouraged devotion to the saints and reverence for their relics; he discovered the relics of Saint Quentin, Saint Piaton, and Saint Lucian of Beauvais, and made many reliquaries himself. Miracle worker with the gifts of clairvoyance and prophecy; he foresaw the date of his own death.


He has become the traditional patron of all smiths, metal workers, and craftsmen. His patronage of horses and the people who work with them stems first from his patronage of smiths and craftmen, but also from his having left a horse to a priest at his death. The new bishop liked the horse, and took it from the priest. The horse became sick, but recovered immediately when it was returned to the priest that Eligius had chosen. There is also a legend of Eligius removing a horse's leg in order to easy shoe it, then putting the leg back in place. In some places horses are blessed on his feast day. Through the years, horse-drawn cabs were replaced by motorized ones, and stables were supplanted by garages and gas stations, but the patronage of the people who do those jobs and work in those places has remained.


Born

588 at Catelat, near Limoges, France


Died

• 1 December 660 at Noyon, France of high fever

• interred in the cathedral of Noyon


Patronage

• against boils • against epidemics • against equine diseases • against poverty • against ulcers • agricultural workers, farm workers, farmers • basket makers • blacksmiths • boilermakers • cab drivers, cabmen • carpenters • carriage makers • cart makers, cartwrights • carters • clock makers • coachmen • coachwrights • computer scientists • craftsmen • cutlers, cutlery makers • electricians • engravers • farriers • garage workers • gas station workers • gilders • gold workers • goldsmiths • guards • gunsmiths • harness makers • horse traders • horseshoe makers • jewelers • jockeys • knife makers • laborers • lamp makers • locksmiths • mechanics • metal workers, metalsmiths • miners • minters, minting • numismatics • REME • Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers • saddle makers • saddlers • scissors grinders • security guards • servants • silversmiths • taxi drivers • tinsmiths • tool makers • veterinarians • watch makers • wheelwrights • coin collectors • garages • gas stations • horses • livestock • metal collectors • numismatists • peasants • petrol stations • precious metal collectors • sick horses • 3 cities •


Representation

• anvil

• bishop with a crosier in his right hand, on the open palm of his left a miniature church of chased gold

• bishop with a hammer, anvil, and horseshoe

• bishop with a horse

• courtier

• goldsmith

• hammer

• horseshoe

• man grasping a devil's nose with pincers

• man holding a chalice and goldsmith's hammer

• man holding a horse's leg, which he detached from the horse in order to shoe it more easily

• man shoeing a horse

• man with hammer and crown near a smithy

• man with hammer, anvil, and Saint Anthony

• pincers

• man with Saint Godebertha of Noyon

• man giving a ring to Saint Godebertha

• man working as a goldsmith



Saint Charles de Foucauld

 அருளாளர் சார்லஸ் டி ஃபௌகோல்ட் 

(Blessed Charles de Foucauld)

மறைசாட்சி:

(Martyr)

பிறப்பு: செப்டம்பர் 15, 1858

ஸ்ட்ராஸ்பர்க், ஃபிரான்ஸ்

(Strasbourg, France)

இறப்பு: டிசம்பர் 1, 1916 (வயது 58)

டாமன்ரஸ்செட், ஃபிரென்ச் அல்ஜீரியா

(Tamanrasset, French Algeria)

ஏற்கும் சமயம்:

ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை

(Roman Catholic Church)

அருளாளர் பட்டம்: நவம்பர் 13, 2005

திருத்தந்தை பதினாறாம் பெனடிக்ட்

(Pope Benedict XVI)

நினைவுத் திருவிழா: டிசம்பர் 1

அருளாளர் சார்லஸ் டி ஃபௌகோல்ட், ஒரு ஃபிரென்ச் மறைப்பணியாளரும், கத்தோலிக்க குருவும், அல்ஜீரியாவின் (Algeria) “சஹாரா" (Sahara) பாலைவனத்தில் வாழ்ந்த “துவாரெக்” (Tuareg) மக்களிடையே வாழ்ந்த ஒரு துறவியும் ஆவார். கி.பி. 1916ம் ஆண்டு படுகொலை செய்யப்பட்ட இவர், கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபையினால் மறைசாட்சியாக மதிக்கப்படுகிறார். பின்னாளில் திருத்தந்தை “பதினாறாம் பெனடிக்ட்” இவருக்கு முக்திபேறு பட்டமளித்து கௌரவித்தார். இவரது எழுத்துக்களும் உத்வேகமும், 1933ம் ஆண்டில் “இயேசுவின் சிறிய சசோதரர்கள்” (Little Brothers of Jesus) என்னும் துறவறசபை நிறுவப்பட வழிவகுத்தது என்பர்.

“சார்லஸ் யூஜின் டி ஃபௌகோல்ட்” (Charles Eugène de Foucauld) எனும் இயற்பெயர் கொண்ட இவர், இளமையிலேயே பெற்றோரை இழந்தவர். இவரின் தாத்தா இவரை வளர்த்தார். இவர் ஃபிரஞ்ச் இராணுவத்தில் ஒரு அதிகாரியாக வட ஆப்பிரிக்காவில் இருந்தபோது இவருக்கு பாலைவனத்தின் தனிமையில் இறைவனைக் காண வேண்டும் என வலுவான உணர்வுகள் உண்டானது. ஆதலால் ஃபிரான்ஸுக்குத் திரும்பி வந்த இவர், பாரிஸ் நகரிலுள்ள “தூய அகஸ்டின்” (Church of Saint Augustin) தேவாலயத்தில், தனது 28ம் வயதில் மனம்மாறினார்.

கி.பி. 1890ம் ஆண்டு, முதலில் ஃபிரான்சிலும், பின்னர் “சிரிய-துருக்கி” (Syrian-Turkish) எல்லையிலுள்ள “அக்பேஸ்” (Akbez) நகரிலுமுள்ள “சிஸ்டேரியன் டிராப்பிஸ்ட்” (Cistercian Trappist order) துறவற சபையில் சேர்ந்த இவர், அங்கு மனநிறைவு அடையாததால் அங்கிருந்து வெளியேறி, கி.பி. 1897ம் ஆண்டில் நாசரேத்துக்கு சென்றார். அங்கே, “எளிய கிளாரா” (Convent of Poor Clares) பள்ளியினருகேயுள்ள இடத்தில் தனிமையிலும் தபம் மற்றும் செபத்திலும் தன் வாழ்வைக் கழித்தார். பின்னர் 1901ல் தென் ஃபிரான்சிலுள்ள “விவியேர்ஸ்” (Viviers) எனுமிடத்திற்கு திரும்பி தனது 43ம் வயதில் குருத்துவ அருட்பொழிவு பெற்றார். இதன் பின்னர் அல்ஜீரியாவில் உள்ள சகாராவில் வனவாசியைப்போல வாழ்ந்துவந்தார். “துவாரெக்” (Tuareg) இன மக்களுக்கு பணி செய்ய அவர்களோடு பத்து வருடம் தங்கியிருந்து அவர்களின் மொழி, கலாச்சாரம் முதலியவைகளைக் கற்று அவர்களின் மொழிக்கு ஒரு அகராதியினை எழுதினார். ஆனால் இவ்வகராதி இவரின் இறப்புக்குப் பின்னரே அச்சாகி வெளியானது.

1916ம் ஆண்டு, டிசம்பர் மாதம், முதல் தேதி, லிபியா (Libya) மற்றும் சூடான் (Sudan) பிராந்தியங்களிலுள்ள இஸ்லாமிய அரசியல்-நாடோடி அமைப்பான “செனுஸ்ஸி” (Senussi Bedouin) எனும் அமைப்புடன் தொடர்புடைய “எல் மதானி அக் சொபா” (El Madani ag Soba) என்பவன் தலைமையிலான ஆயுதம் ஏந்திய குழுவொன்று, சார்லசை அவரது தனிமைக் கோட்டையிலிருந்து வெளியே இழுத்து வந்தது. அவர்களது நோக்கம், சார்லசை கடத்துவதேயாகும். ஆனால், திடீரென இரண்டு காவலர்களால் அதிர்ச்சியடைந்த குழுவிலுள்ள பதினைந்தே வயதான “செர்மி அக் தொரா” (Sermi ag Thora) என்பவன், உடனடியாக துப்பாக்கியால் சார்லசின் நெற்றிப்பொட்டில் சுட்டான். சார்லஸ் உடனடியாக மரணமடைந்தார்.


துவாரெக் இன மக்களின் பாதுகாப்புக்காக சார்லஸ் கட்டிய கோட்டைக் கதவின் வெளியே சுட்டுக் கொல்லப்பட்ட இவர், கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபையினால் மறைசாட்சி என கருதப்படுகிறார். இவருக்கு 2005ம் ஆண்டு, நவம்பர் மாதம், 13ம் நாளன்று, திருத்தந்தை பதினாறாம் பெனடிக்ட் (Pope Benedict XVI) அருளாளர் பட்டம் அளித்தார்.

Also known as

• Brother Charles of Jesus

• Brother Marie-Alberic



Profile

Born to an aristocratic family; orphaned by age six, he and his sister Mary were raised by their grandfather. Studied at Jesuit schools in Nancy and Paris, France from 1872 to 1875. Entered the Saint-Cyr Military Academy in 1876. Joined the 4th Hussar regiment; in 1880 his unit was sent to Setif, Algeria. He was discharged from the service in March 1881 for misconduct, and moved to Evian, France. During the Revolt of Bon Mama in South Oran two months later, Charles re-enlisted, and fought for the eight months of the rebellion. He became so fascinated with the Arabs that he met that when he could not obtain a leave of absence to study them, he resigned his commission.


He spent 15 months learning Arabic and Hebrew, and then travelled into Morocco. In May 1885 he received the Gold Medal of the French Geographic Society for his work. He explored Algeria and Tunisia from September 1885 through January 1886, returning to Paris in February to work on his book Reconnaissance au Maroc, which was published in 1888. He lived very simply, sleeping on the floor, spending hours each day in prayer at home and in church. Pilgrim to the Holy Lands from November 1888 to February 1889, and spent much of the rest of 1889 in spiritual retreats.


On 16 January 1890 he joined the Trappist monks at the monastery of Notre Dames-des-Neiges, taking the name Brother Marie-Alberic; he moved to the monastery of Akbes, Syria in June. Sent to study in Rome in October 1896, but after three months it became obvious that his heart, head and spirit were elsewhere, and he was released from his vows.


He made multiple pilgrimages through the Holy Lands on foot before returning to France to study for the priesthood. Ordained on 9 June 1901 at Viviers. He moved to the Oran region near Morocco in late 1901 to establish a base and found an order to evangelize Morocco. In 1902 he began a program of buying slaves in order to free them. In 1904 he began evangelizing nomadic Tauregs in the area of south and central Sahara. Translated the Gospels into the language of the Tauregs. In November 1908 he translated Tauareg poetry to French, and he spent years compiling a Taureg lexicon. In March 1909 he succeeded in founding the Union of Brothers and Sisters of the Sacred Heart to evangelize the French colonies in Africa. Killed when caught in the middle of combat between French forces and Arab insurrectionists.


Born

15 September 1858 in Strasbourg, France as Charles Eugenie de Foucauld


Died

shot on 1 December 1916 at Tamanrasset, Algeria


Beatified

• 13 November 2005 by Pope Benedict XVI

• recognition celebrated by Cardinal Saraiva Martins at Saint Peter's Basilica, Rome, Italy


Canonized

• 15 May 2022 by Pope Francises

• the canonization miracle involved the healing of a young man from the injuries sustained in a 50 foot fall; the healing occurred on 30 November 2016 in Saumur, France at the end of a novena prayed in preparation for the centenary of the death of Blessed Charles




Saint Edmund Campion

 புனிதர் எட்மண்ட் கேம்பியன் 

மறைப்பணியாளர், கத்தோலிக்க குரு, மறைசாட்சி:

(Religious, Priest and Martyr)

பிறப்பு: ஜனவரி 24, 1540

லண்டன், இங்கிலாந்து அரசு

(London, Kingdom of England)

இறப்பு: டிசம்பர் 1, 1581 (வயது 41)

டைபர்ன், இங்கிலாந்து அரசு

(Tyburn, Kingdom of England)

ஏற்கும் சமயம்:

ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை

(Roman Catholic Church)

முக்திப்பேறு பட்டம்: டிசம்பர் 9, 1886

திருத்தந்தை பதின்மூன்றாம் லியோ

(Pope Leo XIII)

புனிதர் பட்டம்: அக்டோபர் 25, 1970

திருத்தந்தை முத்திப்பேறு பெற்ற 6ம் பால்

(Pope Blessed Paul VI)

நினைவுத் திருநாள்: டிசம்பர் 1

இங்கிலாந்து நாட்டில், கி.பி. 1581ம் ஆண்டு, டிசம்பர் முதல் தேதி, 41 வயது நிறைந்த இயேசு சபை அருள் பணியாளர் ஒருவர் தூக்கு மேடைக்கு இழுத்துச் செல்லப்பட்டார். “டைபர்ன்” (Tyburn) எனுமிடத்தில் தூக்கிலிடப்பட்டு, அவரது உடல் நான்கு கூறுகளாக வெட்டப்படவேண்டும் என்று தீர்ப்பு வழங்கப்பட்டிருந்தது. அவரது உடல் நான்கு கூறுகளாக வெட்டப்பட்டபோது, அருகில் நின்று இதைப் பார்த்துக் கொண்டிருந்த ஓர் இளையவரின் உடையில், கொல்லப்பட்ட அருட்பணியாளரின் இரத்தத் துளிகள் விழுந்தன. அந்த இளையவர் இந்தக் காட்சியால் பெரிதும் பாதிக்கப்பட்டு, அந்த உடையை ஒரு புனிதப் பொருளாகக் காத்ததோடு, அவரும் ஒரு சில ஆண்டுகள் கழித்து, இயேசு சபையில் இணைந்து, மறைசாட்சியாக மரணம் அடைந்தார். அந்த இளையவரின் பெயர், வணக்கத்திற்குரிய (Henry Walpole). அவரது உடையில் சிந்திய இரத்தத்திற்குச் சொந்தக் காரர், புனிதர் எட்மண்ட் கேம்பியன் (Edmund Campion).

புனிதர் எட்மண்ட் கேம்பியன், ஆங்கிலேய ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க “இயேசுசபை” (Jesuit) குருவும், மறைசாட்சியுமாவார். இங்கிலாந்து நாட்டில், இரகசிய நற்செய்தி பரப்பும் ஊழியம் செய்துகொண்டிருந்த வேளையில், பிரிட்டிஷ் அரசின் படைகள் (British forces) சார்பில் கத்தோலிக்க குருக்களை உளவு பார்க்கும் அலுவர்களால் கைது செய்யப்பட்டு, தேசவிரோத குற்றம் சாட்டப்பட்ட கேம்பியன், மரணதண்டனை விதிக்கப்பட்டு, “லண்டன்” (London) மாநகரிலுள்ள “டைபர்ன்” (Tyburn) எனுமிடத்தில் தூக்கிலிடப்பட்டு, தெருக்களில் இழுத்துச் செல்லப்பட்டு, நான்காக வெட்டப்பட்டு, குரூரமாக கொல்லப்பட்டார்.

கி.பி. 1540ம் ஆண்டு, ஜனவரி மாதம், 24ம் தேதி, லண்டன் மாநகரில் பிறந்த எட்மண்ட், புனித சின்னப்பர் (St. Paul's Cathedral) தேவாலயத்தினருகே புத்தகம் விற்பனை செய்பவரின் மகனாவார். “கிறிஸ்துவின் மருத்துவமனை (Christ's Hospital school) பள்ளியில் ஆரம்ப கல்வி கற்ற இவர், தமது பதின்மூன்று வயதில், கி.பி. 1553ம் வருடம், ஆகஸ்ட் மாதம், நகருக்கு வருகை தந்த இங்கிலாந்து அரசி “முதலாம் மேரி” (Queen Mary I of England) அவர்களுக்கு வரவேற்புரை வழங்கத் தெரிவு செய்யப்பட்டார்.

தமது அறிவுத்திறனால் பேரும், புகழும் பெற்ற இவர், “ஆக்ஸ்ஃபோர்டிலுள்ள செயின்ட் ஜான் (St John's College, Oxford) கல்லூரியில் உயர்கல்வி பெற்றார். இரண்டு வருடங்களின் பின்னர் பல்கலைக் கழகத்திற்கு வருகை தந்த இங்கிலாந்து அரசி “முதலாம் எலிசபெத்” (Queen Elizabeth I of England) அவர்களுக்கு வரவேற்புரையாற்றினார். அரசியின் நீடித்த மதிப்பை வென்றார். அரசியின் முன்னிலையில் நடந்த ஒரு பொது விவாதத்தில் தலைமையேற்கும் சந்தர்ப்பத்தை வெற்றிகரமாக நிறைவேற்றினார்.

மதக்கலவரங்கள் எழுந்திருந்த அக்காலத்தில், கத்தோலிக்க கோட்பாடுகளைக் கொண்டிருந்தாலும், கி.பி. 1564ம் ஆண்டு, “ரிச்சர்ட்” (Richard Cheyney) எனும் ஆங்கிலிக்கன் ஆயரின் தூண்டுதலின் பேரில், ஆங்கிலிக்கன் திருச்சபையின் திருத்தொண்டராக (Deacon) பதவியேற்றார். கி.பி. 1569ம் ஆண்டு, ஆக்ஸ்ஃபோர்ட் விட்டு சென்ற எட்மண்ட், தமது தனிப்பட்ட கல்வி மற்றும் ஆராய்ச்சிகளுக்காக “அயர்லாந்து” (Ireland) சென்றார்.

இவருக்கு அயர்லாந்தில், அந்நாட்டின் பாராளுமன்றத்தின் (Irish House of Commons) சபாநாயகரான “ஜேம்ஸ்” (James Stanyhurst) என்பவரின் மகனான “ரிச்சர்ட்” (Richard Stanihurst) என்பவருக்கு கல்வி கற்பிக்கும் பொறுப்பு தரப்பட்டது.

கி.பி. 1571ம் ஆண்டு, அயர்லாந்திலிருந்து இரகசியமாக தப்பிச் சென்ற கேம்பியன், தற்போதைய வடக்கு ஃபிரான்சிலுள்ள “டோவாய்” (Douai) சென்றார். அங்கே, கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபையுடன் சமரசம் செய்துகொண்டார். கடந்த பன்னிரண்டு வருடங்களாக தாம் மறுத்து வந்த தூய நற்கருனையைப் பெற்றார். “வில்லியம் ஆலன்” (William Allen) நிறுவிய “ஆங்கிலேய” (English College) கல்லூரியில் சேர்ந்தார். அங்கே அவர் துணை திருத்தொண்டரானார்.

தன் வாழ்வை, ஆங்கிலிக்கன் சபையில் ஆரம்பித்த எட்மண்ட், பின்னர், கத்தோலிக்க மறையைத் தழுவினார். இயேசு சபையில் சேரவிழைந்த இவர், தன் 33வது வயதில், ரோம் நகர் நோக்கி நடைபயணம் மேற்கொண்டார். திருத்தொண்டராக அருட்பொழிவு பெற்ற இவர், “ப்ராக்” (Prague) நகரிலுள்ள இயேசுசபை கல்லூரியில் ஆறு வருடங்கள் சொல்லாட்சி மற்றும் தத்துவம் (Rhetoric and Philosophy) கற்பிக்கும் பேராசிரியராக பணியாற்றினார்.

கி.பி. 1580ம் ஆண்டு, இயேசுசபையினரின் இங்கிலாந்து நாட்டுக்கான மறைப்பணிகள் தொடங்கின. கண்டிப்பாக தடை செய்யப்பட்ட இத்திட்டத்துக்கு, எட்மண்ட், அருட்தந்தை “ராபர்ட்” (Fr. Robert Persons) என்பவருடன் உடன் சென்றார். அருட்பணியாளரான எட்மண்ட், மீண்டும் கி.பி. 1580ம் ஆண்டு, ஜூன் மாதம், ஒரு வைர வர்த்தகரைப் போல வேடமணிந்து இங்கிலாந்துக்குள் நுழைந்தார். இங்கிலாந்து நாட்டில், கத்தோலிக்க மறைக்கு எதிராக எழுந்த கலவரங்களால் கத்தோலிக்க மக்கள் மறைந்து வாழ்ந்தனர். அவர்கள் மத்தியில் எட்மண்ட் கடினமாக உழைத்து, அவர்களுக்கு நம்பிக்கை அளித்தார். மறைவாக இரகசிய மறைபோதகம் செய்தார். கி.பி. 1581ம் ஆண்டு, “ஜார்ஜ் எலியட்” (George Eliot) என்ற உளவாளியால் கைது செய்யப்பட்ட இவர், கை விலங்கிடப்பட்டு லண்டன் கொண்டுவரப்பட்டார். “லண்டன் டவர்” (Tower of London) என்றழைக்கப்படும் சிறைச்சாலையில் நான்கு நாட்கள் தனிமைச் சிறையில் அடைக்கப்பட்டார். பின்னர், வெளியே அழைத்து வரப்பட்ட இவரிடம் நகரின் மூன்று பிரபுக்கள் விசாரணை நடத்தினர். அரசி எலிசபெத் இங்கிலாந்தின் உண்மையான அரசி என்று ஏற்றுக்கொள்ளுமாறு வலியுறுத்தினர். அவ்வாறு செய்யும் பட்சத்தில், சுதந்திரம், பணம் உள்ளிட்ட வசதிகள் அனைத்தும் கிடைக்கும் என்றும் அவருக்கு “கேண்டர்பரி பேராயர்” (Archbishopric of Canterbury) பதவி கிடைக்கும் என்றும் கூறினார். ஆனால் அவற்றை ஏற்காத கேம்பியன், லண்டன் டவர் சிறைச் சாலையில் தனிமை சிறையில் நான்கு மாதங்களுக்கும் மேலாக அடைக்கப்பட்டு, கொடூரமான துன்புறுத்தல்களுக்கு ஆளானார்.

அதன்பின்னர் நீதிமன்ற விசாரனைகளுக்குள்ளான கேம்பியன் மற்றும் பிற அருட்தந்தையருக்கு தலைமை நீதிபதி “வ்ரே” (Lord Chief Justice Wray) என்பவரால் பின்வரும் தண்டனை வாசிக்கப்பட்டது:

“நீங்களனைவரும் தூக்கிலிடப்படும் நாள்வரை, எங்கிருந்து வந்தீர்களோ, அங்கேயே கொண்டுபோகப்படுவீர்கள். உங்களை தூக்கிலிடப்படும் நாளன்று, நீங்கள் லண்டன் மாநகர வீதிகளில் இழுத்துச் செல்லப்படுவீர்கள். உங்களை தூக்கிலிடுவார்கள்; ஆனால், உயிருடனேயே நீங்கள் கழுமரத்திளிருந்து இறக்கப்படுவீர்கள். உங்களுடைய உடலின் மறைவான பாகங்கள் வெட்டி எறியப்படும். உங்களுடைய குடல் வெளியே எடுக்கப்பட்டு, உங்கள் கண் முன்னாலேயே எரிக்கப்படும். பிறகு, உங்கள் தலை வெட்டப்படும். மகாராணியின் மாட்சிமையின் மகிழ்ச்சிக்காக, உங்கள் உடல் நான்கு பாகங்களாக வெட்டப்படும். கடவுள் உங்கள் ஆன்மாவுக்கு இரக்கம் காட்டுவாராக.”

டிசம்பர் 1ம் தேதியன்று, எட்மண்ட் கேம்பியன், இரு அருட்தந்தையர் “ரால்ஃப் ஷெர்வின்” மற்றும் “அலெக்சாண்டர் பிரியன்ட்” (Fathers Ralph Sherwin and Alexander Briant) ஆகிய மூவருக்கும் அறிவிக்கப்பட்ட தண்டனை அப்படியே நிறைவேற்றப்பட்டது. மறைசாட்சியாக மரணம் அடைந்தார். 


திருத்தந்தை “13ம் லியோ” (Pope Leo XIII) அவர்கள், கேம்பியனுக்கு கி.பி. 1886ம் ஆண்டு முக்திப்பேறு பட்டமளித்தார். 1970ம் ஆண்டு, திருத்தந்தை அருளாளர் “6ம் பவுல்” (Pope Paul VI) அவர்கள், “இங்கிலாந்து மற்றும் வேல்ஸ்” நாடுகளின் நாற்பது மறைசாட்சியர்களுள் ஒருவராக, எட்மண்ட் கேம்பியனுக்கு புனிதர் பட்டம் அளித்தார். புனிதர் எட்மண்ட் கேம்பியன் அவர்களின் நினைவுத் திருநாள் டிசம்பர் மாதம், முதல் தேதி கொண்டாடப்படுகிறது.

Also known as

• Edmundus Campion

• The Pope's Champion


Additional Memorials

• 25 October as one of the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales

• 29 October as one of the Martyrs of Douai

• 1 December as one of the Martyrs of Oxford University



Profile

Son of a Catholic bookseller named Edmund whose family converted to Anglicanism. The boy planned to enter his father's trade, but earned a scholarship to Saint John's College, Oxford under the patronage of Queen Elizabeth I's court favorite, Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester. Sought after speaker. Queen Elizabeth offered him a deaconate in the Church of England. He declined the offer, fled to the continent, and joined the Jesuits. Ordained in 1578.


He spent some time working in Bohemia, then returned to London,England as part of a Jesuit mission, crossing the Channel disguised as a jewel merchant. Edmund worked with Jesuit brother Saint Nicholas Owen. In London he wrote a description of his new mission in which he explained his work was religious, not political; it became known as Campion's Brag. Widely distributed, it encouraged many Catholics to remain loyal to their faith. It also led to Edmund's arrest, imprisonment and torture in the Tower of London, and martyrdom.


Born

24 January 1540 at London, England


Died

• hanged, drawn, and quartered on 1 December 1581 at Tyburn, London, England

• parts of his body were displayed at each of the four city gates as a warning to other Catholics

• relics at Rome, Prague, London, Oxford, Stonyhurst, and Roehampton


Canonized

May 1970 by Pope Paul VI




Blessed Liduina Meneguzzi


Also known as

• Ecumenical Flame

• Elisa Angela Meneguzzi

• Sister Gudda (Ethiopian nickname)

• Sister Great (meaning of Gudda)

• Sister Liduina



Profile

Born to a poor farm family. Noted as a child for her piety, attending daily Mass, praying often, teaching catechism as soon as she was old enough, and considering the religious life. At age 14 she began working as a servant to local wealthy families, and in the hotels around the hot springs of Abano. On 5 March 1926 she answered the call to religious life and joined the Sisters of the Congregation of Saint Francis de Sales.


She worked for years at the Santa Croce boarding school as housekeeper, sacristan, nurse and big sister to the girls. In 1937 she was finally allowed to enter the mission fields, working at Dire-Dawa, Ethiopia, a cosmopolitan, crossroads city with people of many backgrounds, races and religions including Catholics, Copts, Muslims and native pagans. Liduina worked as a nurse in the Parini Civil Hospital first with civilian patients, and after the outbreak of World War II, with injured soldiers. When the city was bombed she worked in the streets, carrying the wounded to shelter, baptizing dying children, leading dying Christians through acts of contrition.


Her work with the Ethiopians, black and white, Christian, Muslim and neither, gave her the chance to speak to them all about the faith. She would tell any who would listen about the goodness of God the Father; her example led many to ask, and her ecumenism anticipated the later work of Vatican II.


Born

12 September 1901 in Abano Terme, Padua, Italy as Elisa Angela Meneguzzi


Died

• 2 December 1941 of cancer in Dire-Dawa, Ethiopia

• at the insistence of the injured soldiers who loved her, she was buried in the military graveyard at Dire-Dawa

• relics translated to the motherhouse of the Sisters of the Congregation of Saint Francis de Sales in Padua, Italy in July 1961


Beatified

20 October 2002 by Pope John Paul II



Saint Alexander Briant


Additional Memorials

• 25 October as one of the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales

• 29 October as one of the Martyrs of Douai

• 1 December as one of the Martyrs of Oxford University


Profile

Born to a yoeman family, described as a handsome young man, and raised Protestant. Studied in Oxford. Convert to Catholicism. Studied at the English College at Rheims, France. Ordained on 29 March 1578.



Returned to Somersetshire, England as a missioner in August 1579. Arrested on 28 April 1581 in London at the home of Father Robert Persons. Tortured in the Tower of London, partially for information on Father Robert's location. During this misery, he wrote to the Jesuits, asking for admission; they accepted him sometime in his last weeks in prison.


Condemned to death with six other priests on 16 November 1581 at Westminster for the treason of priesthood. Martyred with Saint Ralph Sherwin and Saint Edmund Campion in the persecutions of Queen Elizabeth I. One of the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales.


In prison, Alexander made himself a small wooden cross, and gripped it tightly all the times, even during trial. In the courtroom it was wrestled away from him. He told the judge, "You can take it out of my hands, but not out of my heart." The cross was later bought by Catholics, and is at the English College at Rome.


Born

1556 at Somersetshire, England


Died

hanged, drawn, and quartered on 1 December 1581 at Tyburn, England


Canonized

25 October 1970 by Pope Paul VI



Saint Ralph Sherwin


Additional Memorial

• 25 October as one of the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales

• 29 October as one of the Martyrs of Douai

• 1 December as one of the Martyrs of Oxford University



Profile

A fellow and noted classical scholar at Exeter College, Oxford, England; he received his Master of Arts degree on 2 July 1574. Convert to Catholicism in 1575. Studied for the priesthood at the English College, Douai, France; ordained on 23 March 1577. He then studied at the English College, Rome, Italy where he became a leader of the English students. Returned to England on 1 August 1580 to minister to covert Catholics. On 9 November 1580 he was arrested in London for the crime of priesthood, and imprisoned in Marshalsea prison; he ministered to fellow prisoners, and converted many of them. In December 1580 he was transferred to the Tower of London where he was tortured on the rack and thrown out into the snow to recover. Queen Elizabeth offered to make him a bishop if he would renounce the Catholic Church; he refused. Convicted with several other priests on 20 November 1581 of treason for promoting Catholicism. Proto-martyr of the English College, Rome.


Born

c.1550 at Rodsley, Derbyshire, England


Died

hanged, drawn, and quartered on 1 December 1581 at Tyburn, London, England


Canonized

25 October 1970 by Pope Paul VI




Saint Ansanus the Baptizer


Also known as

• Ansanus of Siena

• Apostle of Siena

• Amsanus, Ampsanus, Anisanus, Ansano, Sano



Profile

Born into the imperial Roman nobility, the son of a pagan senator. Christian convert at age twelve. His father denounced him to the authorities. The boy escaped, and converted so many pagans in Bagnorea and Siena, Italy that he gained the title the Baptizer. Martyred in the persecutions of Diocletian.


Died

• beheaded in 304 on the road outside Siena, Italy

• church built over the site of the execution

• relics transferred to the cathedral of Siena, Italy in 1107


Patronage

Siena, Italy


Representation

• baptizing

• beheaded

• boiled in oil

• cross

• dates

• heart with the letters IHS on it

• palm with dates

• towers in the background

• man holding towers in his hand

• richly-dressed young man

• with a palm and banner

• young man holding a heart and liver

• young man holding a liver

• young man holding a cluster of dates



Blessed Bruna Pellesi


Also known as

Sister Maria Rosa of Jesus


Profile

Youngest of nine children. When her two sisters-in-law died, the teenaged Bruna helped raised their six small children. On 27 August 1940 she joined the Franciscan Missionary Sisters of Christ (formerly Franciscan Sisters of Sant'Onofrio), taking the name Maria Rosa of Jesus. Taught elementary school in Sassuolo, Italy from 1942 to 1945. Known for working endlessly as a way to suppress her ego. Taught for a few months at the parish school in Ferrara, Italy in 1945, but contracted tuberculosis and was hospitalized, transferred to a series of sanitoriums, and finally confined for the rest of her days where she fought the disease and helped her sisters with their spiritual development. Made three pilgrimages to Lourdes.



Born

11 November 1917 in Morano di Prignano sulla Secchia, Modena, Italy as Bruna Pellesi


Died

1 December 1972 in Sassuolo, Reggio Emilia, Italy of complications from tuberculosis


Beatified

29 April 2007 by Pope Benedict XVI




Blessed Alphonsine Anuarite Nengapeta


Also known as

Sister Marie Clementine



Profile

Born to a non-Christian family, the daughter of Nengapeta. With her mother and sisters, she converted to Christianity, taking the name Alfonsina. Nun, a member of the Nivelles, Belgium based Congregation of the Holy Family, making her first profession on 5 August 1959. Served as a sacristan and cook at her house, and a elementary school teacher. Captured during the civil war in the Congo, she was murdered by her captors when they tried to rape her and she responded by fighting them off while praying. Martyr.


Born

1941 in Wamba, Orientale, Democratic Republic of Congo


Died

beaten to death on 1 December 1964 in Isiro, Orientale, Democratic Republic of Congo


Beatified

15 August 1985 by Pope John Paul II




Blessed John Beche


Also known as

Thomas Marshall



Profile

Benedictine monk. Doctor of Divinity from Oxford in 1515. Abbot of Saint Werburgh abbey, Chester, England. Abbot of Saint John's abbey, Colchester, England on 10 June 1530. Friend of Saint John Fisher and Saint John More. Initially opposed King Henry VIII's presumption of supremacy in spiritual matters, but he and sixteen of his monks took take the Oath of Supremacy on 7 July 1534. When his abbey was dissolved in November 1538, he denied the king's right to do so, and refused to surrender the keys. For his belated defense of the abbey, he was charged with treason, and lodged in the Tower of London. Released and re-arrested, he was tried by a special commission in Colchester in November 1539. He stood by the supremacy of the Church in matters spiritual, and the right of the Church to manage its own affairs. Martyr. Venerated in the dioceses of Westminster and Brentwood, and by the English Benedictines.


Born

English


Died

hanged, drawn, and quartered on 1 December 1539 at Colchester, England


Beatified

13 May 1895 by Pope Leo XIII (cultus confirmed)



Blessed Kazimierz Tomasz Sykulski


Additional Memorial

12 June as one of the 108 Martyrs of World War II



Profile

Priest in the diocese of Radom, Poland, serving in the Konskie parish. Imprisoned, tortured, sent to the Auschwitz forced labour camp, and eventually executed during the Nazi persecutions of World War II for refusing to stop preaching Christianity.


Born

29 December 1882 in Konskie, Swietokrzyskie, Poland


Died

shot on 11 December 1942 in Oswiecim (Auschwitz), Malopolskie, Nazi-occupied Poland


Beatified

13 June 1999 by Pope John Paul II




Saint Natalia of Nicomedia

புனித_நடாலியா (நான்காம் நூற்றாண்டு)

டிசம்பர் 01

இவர் (#StNataliaOfNicomedia) நிகோமேதியாவில் - தற்போதைய துருக்கியில் - பிறந்தவர். இவர் அட்ரியன் என்பவரை மணமுடித்து மிகவும் மகிழ்ச்சியாக வாழ்ந்து வந்தார்.

இந்த அட்ரியன் அப்போது உரோமையை ஆண்ட மாக்சிமியான் என்பவனிடம் படைவீரராகப் பணிபுரிந்து வந்தார். கிறிஸ்தவர்களைக் கூண்டோடு அழிக்க வேண்டும் என்பதுதான் மாக்சிமியானின் திட்டமாக இருந்தது. 

ஒருமுறை கிறிஸ்துவின்மீது நம்பிக்கை கொண்ட 23 கிறிஸ்தவர்கள் மாக்சிமியானுக்கு முன்பாக இழுத்து வரப்பட்டார்கள். அவர்களை கடுமையாகச் சித்திரவதை செய்து, கொல்ல வேண்டிய பொறுப்பை மாக்சிமியான் அட்ரியனிடம் ஒப்படைத்தான். அட்ரியான் அவர்களைக் கொல்ல முயன்றபோது, அவர்கள் கிறிஸ்துவின்மீது ஆழமான நம்பிக்கை கொண்டிருந்ததைக் கண்டு, மனம்மாறிக் கிறிஸ்துவை ஏற்றுக்கொண்டார்.

இச்செய்தியை அறிந்த மாக்சிமியான் அட்ரியானைப் பிடித்துச் சிறையில் அடைத்தான். தன் கணவர் கிறிஸ்துவின்மீது கொண்ட நம்பிக்கைக்காகச் சிறையில் அடைக்கப்பட்டிருந்த செய்தியைக் கேள்விப்பட்டு, நடாலியா வருந்தவில்லை; மாறாக இவர் சிறைக்குச் சென்று, தன் கணவனையும், அவரோடு இருந்தவர்களையும் தேற்றினார். 

 

இதையடுத்து வந்த நாள்களில்,  மாக்சிமியான் அட்ரியானிடமும் அவரோடு இருந்தவர்களிடமும், கிறிஸ்துவை மறுதலித்துவிட்டு, உரோமைக் கடவுளை வழிபடச் சொன்னதற்கு அவர்கள் மறுப்புத் தெரிவித்ததால், அவன் அவர்கள் அனைவரையும் கொன்று போட்டான்.

நடாலியா தன் கணவர் இறந்த ஒருசில நாள்களிலேயே இறந்து போனார்.

Profile

Christian woman married to a non-Christian Nicomedian imperial officer named Adrian. Her husband was so impressed by Christians persecuted by Diocletian that he openly declared he was a Christian, though he hadn't even been baptized; he was immediately arrested. Natalia visited him, arranged for his instruction in the faith, and ministered to other prisoners. When Adrian was sentenced to death and could have no visitors, Natalia disguised herself as a boy and bribed her way in to see him. On 8 September 304 she watched Adrian's tortured execution, and had to be restrained from throwing herself on the funeral pyre. When a storm put out the fire, she managed to recover Adrian's hand, which she kept as a relic. She then moved to Argyropolis where she lived out the rest of her days alone.



Born

3rd century


Died

1 December 311 at Argyropolis of natural causes




Saint Simon of Cyrene


Also known as

Simon the Cyrenian



Profile

First century convert. Father of Saint Rufus. Helped Christ carry the cross on the way to Calvary. Missionary to France. First bishop of Avignon, France. Martyr.


Died

crucified c.100


Representation

carrying a cross




Blessed Maria Clara of the Child Jesus


Also known as

• Libânia Do Carmo Galvão Mexia de Moura Telles de Albuquerque

• Maria Clara do Menino Jesus

• Mother Clara



Profile

Joined the Capuchin Tertiaries of Our Lady of the Conception in 1869, taking the name Sister Maria Clara of the Child Jesus. Founded the Congregation of the Franciscan Hospitallers of the Immaculate Conception; they were approved by the Vatican on 27 March 1876.


Born

15 June 1843 in Amadora, Lisbon, Portugal


Died

• 1 December 1899 in Lisbon, Portugal of natural causes

• interred at the General House of the Franciscan Hospitallers, Linda-a-Pastora, near Lisbon


Beatified

21 May 2011 by Pope Benedict XVI



Saint Agericus of Verdun


Also known as

Aguy, Airy, Algeric


Profile

Born to a poor farm family. Parish priest at Saint Peter and Paul Church, Verdun, France. Bishop of Verdun in 554. Advisor to King Childebert II. Noted for his generosity to the poor. Reputed miracle worker in his later years.


Once a local rebel leader named Bertifroi sought sanctuary in the chapel of bishop Agericus in Verdun. Though a member of the royal court himself, Agericus defended the rebel's right to sanctuary in a house of God. The king's men, however, ignored the tradition and the bishop, broke into the chapel, and killed Bertefroi.


Born

• c.521 at Verdun, France in a field where his mother was working the crops

• she gave him the name Agericus because of his agricultural beginning


Died

588 in Verdun, France of natural causes



Saint Olympiades


Also known as

Olympias



Profile

Pagan imperial Roman consul and magistrate who conducted the trial against Saint Firmina of Amelia for her faith. Her beauty, her strength and her resolve caused him to fall for her, but when he tried to force himself on her physically, he became paralyzed until she prayed over him. This demonstration of the power of her faith caused him to convert to Christianity. Martyred by order of his magisterial replacement, Megezio, in the persecutions of Diocletian.


Died

• tortured to death in 303 at Amelia, Umbria, Italy

• buried on the estate of Agoliano on 1 December 303



Saint Evasius of Asti


Memorial

12 November in Casale Monferrato, Italy (translation of relics)


Profile

First bishop of Asti in the Piedmont of Italy. Opponent of Arianism, which led to his martyrdom under Julian the Apostate. There are serveral accounts of his life, but none are reliable.



Born

Benevento, Italy


Died

c.362 at Casale Monferrato, Italy


Patronage

• Bizzarone, Italy

• Casale Monferrato, Italy

• Pedrengo, Italy

• Rocchetta Palafea, Italy


Representation

• crozier

• mitre



Saint Didorus


Also known as

Diodorus


Profile

In 283 an entire congregation was martyred in the persecutions of Numerian when they assembled in the catacombs for prayers - and were walled in to suffocate or starve. The only names that have come down to us are Saint Didorus and Saint Marianus.


Born

Roman citizen


Died

283 in the catacombs in Rome, Italy



Blessed Richard Langley


Profile

Member of the English gentry and lifelong layman. Condemned for travelling with Blessed Robert Morton, and for paying sixpence for Robert's supper. Martyr.


Born

Ousethorpe, Yorkshire, England


Died

hanged on 1 December 1586 at York, England


Beatified

15 December 1929 by Pope Pius XI



Saint Castritian of Milan


Also known as

Castritien


Profil

Bishop of Milan, Italy for 42 years. Noted for establishing care for the poor and travellers, and for restoring the diocese following years of persecution.



Died

137



Saint Domnolus of Le Mans


Also known as

Domnole


Profile

Monk. Abbot of Saint-Laurent Abbey in Paris, France. Bishop of Cenómano, Neustria (modern Le Mans, France) in 543. Founded a number of monasteries, churches and hospitals in his diocese. Miracle worker.


Died

581 in Le Mans, France of natural causes



Saint Marianus


Profile

In 283 an entire congregation was martyred in the persecutions of Numerian when they assembled in the catacombs for prayers - and were walled in to suffocate or starve. The only names that have come down to us are Saint Marianus and Saint Didorus.


Born

Roman citizen


Died

283 in the catacombs in Rome, Italy



Saint Constantine of Javron


Also known as

Constantian of Javron


Profile

Monk at the Saint-Mesmin de Micy Abbey, France. Hermit at Jaron, Maine, France. Founded and served as first abbot of Javron Abbey.


Born

in Auvergne, France


Died

570 of natural causes



Blessed Antony Bonfadini


Profile

Franciscan Friar Minor. Noted preacher in Italy. Missionary to the Holy Land.


Born

1400 at Ferrara, Italy


Died

1482 at Cotignola, diocese of Faenza, Italy of natural causes


Beatified

1901 by Pope Leo XIII (cultus confirmed)



Saint Leontius of Fréjus


Profile

Bishop of Fréjus, Provence, France, c.419 until his death. Supported the abbey at Lérins, France. Friend of Saint John Cassian who dedicated many of his writings to Leontius.


Died

c.432 in Fréjus, Provence (in modern France)



Saint Resignatus of Maastricht


Also known as

Renato, Renatus


Profile

Son of Resignatus of Koblenz, a knight and Aielis. Bishop of Maastricht, Netherlands in 437, serving for 28 years.


Born

Netherlands


Died

465 of natural causes



Nahum the Prophet


Profile

Old Testament minor prophet. His short prophecy is directed against Niniveh, whose destruction he warned of and saw.



Born

northern Palestine


Died

c.660 BC



Saint Florence of Poitiers


Profile

Convert, brought to the faith by Saint Hilary of Poitiers while he was in exile. She then went with him back to Poitiers, France and became a nun.


Died

c.365 in Poitiers, France of natural causes



Saint Ursicinus of Brescia


Profile

Bishop of Brescia, Lombardy, Italy. Participated in the Council of Sardica in 347.


Died

• 347 at Brescia, Italy

• his shrine still exists



Blessed Christian of Perugia


Profile

One of the first spiritual students of Saint Dominic de Guzman. Helped found the friary at Perugia, Italy.



Saint Martinus


Profile

With Saint Declan, he was an eighth century evangelist to the Germanic people who had been brought the faith by Saint Boniface of Crediton.



Saint Candres of Maastricht


Profile

Fifth century regional bishop. Evangelized the territory of Maastricht, Netherlands.



Saint Declan


Profile

Eighth century evangelist to the Germanic people who had been brought the faith by Saint Boniface of Crediton. Worked with Saint Martinus.



Saint Proculus of Narni


Profile

Bishop of Narni, Italy. Executed by order of the Gothic King Totila.


Died

c.542



Saint Agnofleta


Also known as

Nofleta


Profile

Seventh century nun. Friend of Saint Longis.


Born

French



Saint Filatus of Rome


Also known as

Philatus


Profile

Martyr.


Died

Rome, Italy



Saint Florentius


Profile

Sixth century holy man at Amboise, Touraine, France. Friend of Saint Germain in Paris, France.



Saint Cassian of Rome


Profile

Roman martyr.



Saint Superatus of Rome


Profile

Martyr.


Died

Rome, Italy



Saint Lucius of Rome


Profile

Martyr.


Died

Rome, Italy



Saint Jabinus of Rome


Profile

Martyr.


Died

Rome, Italy



Saint Latinus of Rome


Profile

Martyr.


Died

Rome, Italy



Saint Rogatus of Rome


Profile

Martyr.


Died

Rome, Italy



Saint Grwst


Profile

Namesake for Llanrwst, Clwyd, Wales.


Born

seventh century Wales



Saint Marina of Rome


Profile

Martyr.


Died

Rome, Italy



Saint Ambon of Rome


Profile

Martyr.


Died

Rome, Italy



Saint Ananias of Arbela


Profile

Layman. Martyr.



Saint Candida of Rome


Profile

Martyr.


Died

Rome, Italy



Martyrs of Oxford University


Profile

A joint commemoration of all the men who studied at one of the colleges of Oxford University, and who were later martyred for their loyalty to the Catholic Church during the official persecutions in the Protestant Reformation. They are


• Blessed Edward James • Blessed Edward Powell • Blessed Edward Stransham • Blessed George Napper • Blessed George Nichols • Blessed Hugh More • Blessed Humphrey Pritchard • Blessed James Bell • Blessed James Fenn • Blessed John Bodey • Blessed John Cornelius • Blessed John Forest • Blessed John Ingram • Blessed John Mason • Blessed John Munden • Blessed John Shert • Blessed John Slade • Blessed John Storey • Blessed Lawrence Richardson • Blessed Mark Barkworth • Blessed Richard Bere • Blessed Richard Rolle de Hampole • Blessed Richard Sergeant • Blessed Richard Thirkeld • Blessed Richard Yaxley • Blessed Robert Anderton • Blessed Robert Nutter • Blessed Robert Widmerpool • Blessed Stephen Rowsham • Blessed Thomas Belson • Blessed Thomas Cottam • Blessed Thomas Pilcher • Blessed Thomas Plumtree • Blessed Thomas Reynolds • Blessed William Filby • Blessed William Hart • Blessed William Hartley • Saint Alexander Briant • Saint Cuthbert Mayne • Saint Edmund Campion • Saint John Boste • Saint John of Bridlington • Saint John Roberts • Saint Ralph Sherwin • Saint Thomas Garnet • Saint Thomas More •



Also celebrated but no entry yet


• Anthony the Younger

• Arnold of Cologne

• Blanche of Castile

• Giovanni Gueruli da Verucchio

• Girolamo de Pratis


29 November 2022

இன்றைய புனிதர்கள் நவம்பர் 30

 Saint Andrew the Apostle

 புனிதர் அந்திரேயா 

திருத்தூதர்/ முதல் அழைப்பு பெற்றவர்/ கிறிஸ்துவை அறிமுகம் செய்தவர்:

பிறப்பு: கி.மு. ஐந்து அல்லது ஆறாம் நூற்றாண்டு

பெத்சாய்தா, கலிலேயா, ரோம பேரரசு

இறப்பு: கி.பி. முதலாம் நூற்றாண்டின் பிற்பகுதி

பட்ராஸ், அச்சையா, ரோம பேரரசு

ஏற்கும் சபை/ சமயம்: அனைத்து கிறிஸ்தவப் பிரிவுகளும்

முக்கிய திருத்தலங்கள்: 

டூமோ கதீட்ரல், அமல்ஃபி, இத்தாலி

செயின்ட் ஆண்ட்ரூஸ் கதீட்ரல், பட்ராஸ், கிரீஸ்

யிண்ட் மேரீஸ் கதீட்ரல், எடின்பர்க், ஸ்காட்லாந்து

செயிண்ட் ஆண்ட்ரூ மற்றும் செயின்ட் ஆல்பர்ட் ஆலயம், வார்சாவ், போலந்து

நினைவுத் திருவிழா: நவம்பர் 30

சித்தரிக்கப்படும் வகை: 

'X' வடிவ சிலுவை, ஏட்டுச்சுறுள்

பாதுகாவல் : 

ஸ்காட்லாந்து, உக்ரைன், ரஷியா, சிசிலி, கிரேக்க நாடு, பிலிப்பைன்ஸ், ரூமேனியா, மீனவர், பாடகர், கர்ப்பிணிப் பெண்கள், இறைச்சி வெட்டுபவர்கள், கயிறு நெய்யும் தொழிலாளி, சைப்ரஸ், பட்ராஸ், பரான்ஹேக்கின் மறைமாவட்டம் (Diocese of Parañaque), அமாஃல்பி (Amalfi), லுக்கா (மால்டா) மற்றும் புருஸ்ஸியா (Luqa (Malta) and Prussia), விக்டோரியா மறைமாவட்டம் (Diocese of Victoria), பண்ணைத் தொழிலாளர்கள்

புனிதர் அந்திரேயா அல்லது புனிதர் பெலவேந்திரர், இயேசுவின் பன்னிரு திருத்தூதர்களுள் (அப்போஸ்தலர்களுள்) ஒருவர் ஆவார்.

கலிலேயாவின் பெத்சாயிதா நகரில் பிறந்த இவர், புனிதர் பேதுருவின் மூத்த சகோதரர் ஆவார். மீன் பிடி தொழில் செய்துவந்தார். திருமுழுக்கு யோவானிடம் சீடராயிருந்த இவர், பின்னர் இயேசுவோடு சேர்ந்தார். இயேசு, திருமுழுக்கு பெற்ற மறுநாள் அந்தப் பக்கமாய் செல்வதைக் கண்ட திருமுழுக்கு யோவான், அவரைச் சுட்டிக்காட்டி, "இதோ! கடவுளின் ஆட்டுக்குட்டி!" என்றார் . உடனே இவர் இயேசுவை பின் தொடர்ந்தார். இயேசுவின் அழைப்புக்கிணங்கி ஓர் இரவும் பகலும் அவரோடு தங்கினார். (யோவான் 1:29-39).

அடுத்த நாள் தன் சகோதரன் பேதுருவையும் அழைத்து வந்தார். கானாவூர் திருமணத்திற்கு இயேசுவோடு வந்திருந்தார். இயேசு அப்பங்களை பருகச் செய்த போது, ஒரு சிறுவனிடம் ஐந்து அப்பமும், இரண்டு மீன்களும் உள்ளதென்று சொன்னவர் இவரே (யோவான் 6:8). கோவிலின் அழிவை முன்னறிவித்தபோது அழிவு எப்போது வரும்?” என கேட்டவரும் இவரே. ஆண்டவரின் இறுதி இராவுணவின்போது இவருமிருந்தார். இறுதிகால இயேசுவின் இரண்டாம் வருகையின் அறிகுறி என்னவென்று இயேசுவிடம் கேட்பதற்காக ஒலிவ மலைக்கு (Mount of Olives) வந்த நான்கு சீடர்களுள் இவரும் ஒருவராவார்.

புனிதர் அந்திரேயா, “மத்திய யூரேசியாவின்” (Central Eurasia) பிராந்தியமான “ஸ்கித்தியாவில்” (Scythia) பிரசங்கித்தார். கிரேக்க புராணங்களில் அறிவுமிக்க வயதான “நெஸ்டார்” (Nestor) எனும் அரசனின் காலக்கிரமமாகத் தொகுக்கப்பட்ட நிகழ்ச்சிக் குறிப்பின்படி, கருங்கடல் (Black Sea), “டினெபர் நதி” (Dnieper river) மற்றும் “உக்ரெய்ன்” (Ukraine) நாட்டின் தலைநகரான “கியேவ்” (Kiev) வரை அவர் பிரசங்கித்ததாகக் கூறுகிறார். அங்கு அங்கிருந்து வடமேற்கு ரஷியாவின் நகரான “நோவ்கோரோடு” (Novgorod) சென்றார். எனவே, அவர் “உக்ரேய்ன்” (Ukraine), “ரோமானியா” (Romania) மற்றும் “ரஷ்யாவின்” (Russia) பாதுகாவலர் ஆவார். பாரம்பரியங்களின்படி, பின்னாளில் கி.பி. 38ம் ஆண்டுகளில், “கான்ஸ்டண்டிநோபில் மற்றும் இஸ்தான்புல்” (Constantinople and Istanbul) என்று அறியப்பட்ட, பண்டைய கிரேக்க நகரான “பைசான்டியம்” (Byzantium) கண்டடைந்தார். ரோம் கிறிஸ்தவ திருச்சபையின் மூன்றாம் நூற்றாண்டின் மிக முக்கிய இறையியலாலர்களில் ஒருவரான “ஹிப்போலிட்டஸ்” (Hippolytus of Rome) என்பவரின் கூற்றின்படி, அந்திரேயா பண்டைய தென்கிழக்கு ஐரோப்பாவின் புவியியல் மற்றும் சரித்திரவியல் பகுதியான “திரேஸ்” (Thrace) எனும் பகுதிகளிலும் பிரசங்கித்தார்.

அந்திரேயா, கிரேக்கத்தின் பிராந்தியப் பகுதிகளுள் ஒன்றான “அச்சேயா” (Achaea) எனுமிடத்திலுள்ள “பட்ராஸ்” (Patras) நகரில் 'X' வடிவ சிலுவையில் அறையப்பட்டு மறைசாட்சியாக கொல்லப்பட்டார். இயேசு கிறிஸ்து அறையப்பட்ட அதேவிதமான சிலுவையில் தாமும் அரையப்பட தாம் தகுதியானவனில்லை என்ற காரணத்தால், அவரே “X” வடிவ சிலுவையில் தம்மை அரையுமாறு வேண்டினார் என்றும் கூறப்படுகிறது. அச்சிலுவையைக் கண்டதும், "உன்னில் தொங்கி என்னை மீட்டவர், உன் வழியாய் என்னை ஏற்றுக் கொள்வாராக" என்றார். பட்ராசில் (Patras) உள்ள புனித அந்திரேயா ஆலயத்தில் இவரது புனித பண்டம் வைக்கப்பட்டுள்ளது.



Also known as

• Andrew the Protoclete

• Andreas, Endres


Additional Memorial

9 May (translation of relics)



Profile

The first Apostle. Fisherman by trade. Brother of Simon Peter. Follower of John the Baptist. Andrew went through life leading people to Jesus, both before and after the Crucifixion. Missionary in Asia Minor and Greece, and possibly areas in modern Russia and Poland. Martyred on an saltire (x-shaped) cross, he is said to have preached for two days from it.


Some peculiar marriage-related superstitions have attached themselves to Saint Andrew's feast day.


• An old German tradition says that single women who wish to marry should ask for Saint Andrew's help on the eve of his feast, then sleep naked that night; they will see their future husbands in their dreams.


• Another says that young women should note the location of barking dogs on Saint Andrew's Eve: their future husbands will come from that direction.


• On the day after Andrew's feast, young people float cups in a tub; if a boy's and a girl's cup drift together and are intercepted by a cup inscribed "priest", it indicates marriage.


There are several explanations for why Andrew became the patron of Scotland.


• In 345, Emperor Constantine the Great decided to translate Andrew's bones from Patras, Greece to Constantinople. Saint Regulus of Scotland was instructed by an angel to take many of these relics to the far northwest. He was eventally told to stop on the Fife coast of Scotland, where he founded the settlement of Saint Andrew.


• In the 7th century, Saint Wilfrid of York brought some of the saint's relics with him after a pilgrimage to Rome, Italy. The Scots king, Angus MacFergus, installed them at Saint Andrew's to enhance the prestige of the new diocese.


• When the Pictish King Angus faced a large invading army, he prayed for guidance. A white cloud in the form of a saltire cross floated across the blue sky above him. Angus won a decisive victory, and decreed that Andrew would be the patron saint of his country. Following Robert Bruce's victory at the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314, the Declaration of Arbroath officially named Saint Andrew the patron saint of Scotland. The Saltire became the national flag of Scotland in 1385.


Born

at Bethsaida, Galilee


Died

• crucified on a saltire (x-shaped) cross in Patras Greece

• relics destroyed c.1559 by Protestants


Patronage

• against convulsions

• against fever

• against gout

• against neck pain

• against sore throats

• against whooping cough

• anglers, fishermen

• boatmen, mariners, sailors,watermen

• butchers

• farm workers

• fish dealers, fish mongers

• happy marriages

• miners

• pregnant women

• rope makers

• sail makers

• single lay women

• singers

• textile workers

• unmarried women

• water carriers

• women who wish to become mothers

• Karadordevic dynasty

• Knights of the Golden Fleece

• Spanish armed forces

• University of Patras

• Austria

• Germany

• Greece

• Luxembourg

• Netherlands

• Romania

• Russia

• Scotland

• Spain

• Bithynia, Asia Minor

• Lower Austria, province of

• 5 dioceses

• 53 cities


Representation

• fish

• fishing net

• man bound to a cross

• man preaching from a cross

• old man with long white hair and a beard, holding the Gospel in his right hand, and leaning on a transverse cross

• preacher holding some fish

• Saint Andrew's cross

• saltire (x-shaped) cross; some stories say it was may that way, others that it was a Latin cross, but fell over, and his killers just left it propped up on one of the cross-arms




Blessed John of Vercelli


Also known as

John Garbella


Profile

Studied at the University of Paris. Doctor of civil and canon law. Taught law at Paris and Vercelli, Italy. Helped found a university in Vercelli.



Dominican Friar, joining in Vercelli, and receiving the habit from Blessed Jordan of Saxony, whose preaching had brought him to the Order. Transferred to Bologna, Italy to study the history and theology of the Order and for the priesthood. Ordained in 1229. Noted preacher in Bologna.


John returned to Vercelli in 1232 to establish a Dominican priory, and to serve as its superior. Peacemaker between Venice and other Papal States. Prior of the Dominican house in Bologna, and spiritual director to its nuns. Dominican Provincial of Lombardy in 1257. Fought heresies in northern Italy. Friend of King Saint Louis IX, and often consulted Saint Thomas Aquinas on theological matters.


Master-general of the Dominicans from 1264 to 1283. Insured uniform liturgical celebration throughout the Order. Served at the papal court of Pope Clement IV. Considered for the papacy after the death of Clement; when he learned of this, he fled the city. Pope Gregory X was elected instead.


Papal legate. Peacemaker between Venice and Genoa. Peacemaker between France and Castile. Commissioned by the pope to draw up the schema for the Second Council of Lyons, and actively participated in the Council. In 1274 he founded what eventually became the Holy Name Society (Confraternity of the Most Holy Name of God and Jesus). Appointed archbishop of Jerusalem in 1278, but begged to be released from the responsibility, citing advanced age, ill health, and the need for strong, vital leadership in the war-ravaged region.


Tradition says that during the translation of the relics of Saint Dominic de Guzman 1267, when the body was exposed to view, the head was seen to turn towards Blessed John. Embarrassed, John moved to another part of the church, giving his place to a cardinal. The head of Saint Dominic was seen by all to turn again toward John.


Born

1205 at Mosso Santa Maria, Italy as John Garbella


Died

• 30 November 1283 at Montpelier, France of natural causes

• buried at the Dominican convent at Montpelier

• his tomb was desecrated by Calvinists in 1562, and his body disappeared


Beatified

1903 by Pope Pius X (cultus confirmed)


Patronage

Holy Name Society




Saint Castulus of Rome


Also known as

• Castulus of Moosburg

• Castolo, Castulo, Catulus, Kastl, Kastulis, Kastulus



Profile

Married to Saint Irene of Rome. Military officer in the imperial palace in Rome during the reign of Emperor Diocletian. A quiet Christian, he was denounced to authorities for sheltering fellow Christians; arrested, tortured and martyred.


Died

• buried alive in 288 on the Via Labicana outside Rome, Italy

• a cemetery named for him developed on the land

• a church dedicated to him was built in the 7th century on the site of his execution

• relics transferred to a Benedictine monastery in Moosburg an der Isar, Germany c.768

• relics transferred to Landshut, Germany in 1604


Patronage

• against blood poisoning

• against drowning

• against erysipelas

• against fever

• against horse theft

• against lightning

• against storms

• against wildfire

• cowherds

• farmers

• shepherds

• Hallertau, Germany

• Moosburg an der Isar, Germany


Representation

spade a reference to being buried alive; it and his feast day in early spring led to his association with farmers and then shepherds



Blessed Everard of Stahleck


Also known as

• Everard of Commed

• Everard of Chumbd

• Everard of Comeda

• Eberhard of...


Profile

Born to the nobility, the youngest son of Wolfram of family of the counts of Stahleck in modern Germany. Page in the court at Heidelberg, Germany. In his early teens, Everard felt a call to religious life and tried three times to enter the Cistercian abbey of Schönau near Heidelberg, but was refused as being too young and uneducated. At age 16 he built himself a hermitage at Chumbd, Simmern, Hunsrück, diocese of Mainz, Germany and retired there from the world. Helped found a convent of Cistercian nuns at Chumbd (Comeda; Kumbd), Germany in 1183. Cistercian monk. Sub-deacon. Spiritual director of the nuns of Chumbd. Two of his sisters became nuns there, and a brother joined the Cistercians as a lay brother.


Born

1165 in the Stahleck castle, Bacharach, Rhineland-Palatinate (in modern Germany)


Died

• 30 November 1191 in the monastery of Chumbd, Germany of natural causes

• buried the at the church of Saint Mary at the monastery of Chumbd

• relics transferred to Himmerod Abbey in Großlittgen, Germany when the abbey at Comeda was suppressed in 1566

• relics have since disappeared



Saint Cuthbert Mayne


Additional Memorials

• 25 October as one of the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales

• 29 October as one of the Martyrs of Douai

• 1 December as one of the Martyrs of Oxford University



Profile

Raised a Protestant by his uncle, a schimastic priest. Ordained as a Anglican minister at age 19. Friend of Saint Edmund Campion. He converted to Catholicism in 1570 while a student at Saint John's College, Oxford. Studied and ordained at Douai, France, the first Englishman trained there. Ordained and returned to England in 1575 with Saint John Payne to minister to covert Catholics in Cornwall. Arrested in 1576, condemned and martyred for the crime of being a priest. Proto-martyr of English seminaries.


Born

1544 at Youlston, Devonshire, England


Died

• hanged, drawn, and quartered on 30 November 1577

• relics at the Carmelite convent, Lanherne, Cornwall, England


Beatified

• 29 December 1886 by Pope leo XIII (cultus confirmation)

• 4 May 1970 by Pope Paul VI (decree of martyrdom)


Canonized

25 October 1970 by Pope Paul VI



Blessed Frederick of Regensburg


Also known as

Friedrich



Profile

Born to a poor family. Skilled carpenter. Member of the Order of Hermits of Saint Augustine. Noted for his obedience to the Rule of his Order, his piety, the fervor of his prayer life and devotion to Eucharistic Adoration.


Born

late 13th century in Regensburg, Bohemia (in modern Germany)


Died

• 30 November 1329 in Regensburg, Bohemia (in modern Germany) of natural causes

• buried at the parish of Saint Cecilia at the Augustinian house in Regensburg

• grave re-discovered during construction in 1911, and relics enshrined in the church of Saint Cecilia


Beatified

12 May 1909 by Pope Pius X (cultus confirmation)


Representation

• Augustinian hermit surrounded by 12 medallions (representing 12 miracles traditionally performed by him)

• Augustinian hermit with an ax and/or carpenter's tools

• Augustinian hermit with an angel

• Augustinian hermit chopping wood

• Augustinian hermit receiving Communion from an angel



Saint Galganus


Also known as

• Galganus Guidotti

• Galgano



Profile

Galgano led a worldly life in his youth, but converted and became a hermit on Monte Siepe in Tuscany, Italy. A church built on the site of his hermitage in 1196 was turned over to the Cistercians in 1201, and they claimed Galgano as one of their own.


Legend says his conversion was caused by a visit from the Archangel Michael. After the vision he said giving up his former lifestyle would be as easy as cutting rocks with a sword. To emphasize this sarcastic remark, he drew his weapon and thrust at a stone, expecting the blade to snap; the sword buried into the rock up to the hilt, and Galganus changed his life.


Born

1148 at Chiusdino, Siena, Italy as Galgano Guidotti


Died

1181 at Monte Siepe, Tuscany, Italy


Canonized

1185 by Pope Lucius III




Saint Joseph Marchand


Additional Memorial

24 November as one of the Martyrs of Vietnam


Profile

Seminarian in Orsan in 1821. Priest. Studied at the Paris Society of Foreign Missions. Missionary to Annam, Vietnam in 1830. In 1832 he was offered the position of head of the Foreign Mission Seminary in Paris, but declined to continue his work in the field. Transferred to the province of Binh-Thuean. In 1833 a royal decree ordered the arrest of all European missionaries. Father Joseph was arrested and imprisoned in Saigon for 18 months. He was caged, tortured, mutilated and finally murdered. Martyr.



Born

17 August 1803 at Passavant, Doubs, diocese of Besancon, France


Died

• flesh ripped from his body with red hot tongs on 30 November 1835 at Tho Ðuc, Saigon, Vietnam

• his body was chopped into pieces and thrown into the sea


Canonized

19 June 1988 by Pope John Paul II



Blessed Ludwik Roch Gietyngier


Additional Memorial

12 June as one of the 108 Martyrs of World War II


Profile

Ordained a priest in 1927 in the archdiocese of Czestochowa, Poland. He was a dedicated teacher, catechist and youth minister. Director of the episcopal Latin school in Wielun, Poland. Priest in the parish of Saint Thecla in Raczyn, Poland. Youth minister and catechist. One of many priests arrested together in the area of Wielun on 6 October 1941. Imprisoned, deported, tortured and finally martyred in the Nazi persecutions of World War II.


Born

16 August 1904 in Zarki, Slaskie, Poland


Died

tortured and abused to death on 30 September 1941 in the Dachau concentration camp, Oberbayern, Germany


Beatified

13 June 1999 by Pope John Paul II at Warsaw, Poland



Saint Tudwal of Tréguier


Also known as

Pabu, Tugdual, Tugual, Tual


Profile

Son of King Hoel I and Saint Koupaïa; cousin of King Deroc of Dumnonia. Monk in Wales. Friend and co-worker with Saint Briarch. Evangelized in Brittany. Founded the monastery of Lan Pabu at Leon, Spain. Bishop of Tréguier (Treher), Brittany. Advisor to King Childebert I. Several sites in the Leyn Peninsula of Wales bear his name.


Born

6th century Welsh


Died

• c.564

• relics claimed by French churches in Tréguier, Laval, and Chartres


Patronage

• Herm

• Tréguier, France


Representation

bishop using his stole as a leash on a dragon



Saint Thaddeus Liu Ruiting


Also known as

Tadou



Profile

Priest, ordained at age 35, he spent his ministry walking from village to village, ministering to Christians and spreading the faith. Arrested on Pentecost 1821, he was tortured and then imprisoned for two years before his sentence was finally handed down. Martyr.


Born

c.1773 in Qunglai County, Sichuan, China


Died

strangled to death on 30 November 1823 at the temple in Quxian, Sichuan, China


Canonized

1 October 2000 by Pope John Paul II



Saint Anders of Slagelse


Profile

Early 13th-century priest at Saint Peter's Church, Slagalse, Denmark. While on pilgrimage in the Holy Lands he received a vision of a man on a white horse who miraculously transported him home so that he could celebrate Easter with his parishioners. The rider then transported him to shrine of Santiago de Campostella in Spain, and then to the shrine of Saint Olaf in Norway. Upon his return to Slagalse, Anders was able to heal the lame and blind by prayer.


Born

12th-century Slagelse, Denmark


Died

c.1205 of natural causes


Patronage

Slagelse, Denmark



Blessed Joscius Roseus


Also known as

• Joscius of Saint Bertin

• Josbert, Joscio, Valbebertus


Profile

Benedictine monk at Saint Bertin Abbey, diocese of Arras, France. Renowned for his devotion to Our Lady.


Died

• 1186 of natural causes

• legend says that a rose tree grew from the mouth of his corpse, and that the name "Mary" was found on the petals of its flowers


Representation

Benedictine with roses sprouting from his mouth, eyes and ears, the word "Maria" near him



Blessed Alexander Crow


Additional Memorials

• 29 October as one of the Martyrs of Douai

• 22 November as one of the Martyrs of England, Scotland, and Wales


Profile

Cobbler. Priest in the apostolic vicariate of England. Martyred in the persecutions of Queen Elizabeth I.


Born

c.1550 in Howden, East Riding of Yorkshire, England


Died

30 November 1586 in York, North Yorkshire, England


Beatified

22 November 1987 by Pope John Paul II



Saint Isaac of Beth-Seleucia


Profile

Bishop of Beth-Seleucia, he was known for the number of converts he brought to the faith. Denounced for interfering with the Persian star worship, and suspected of treasonous collaboration with Roman authorities, he was arrested in 339. Tried before King Shapur II, they were given the chance to save themselves by denouncing their faith; they declined. Martyr.


Born

4th century Persian


Died

beaten to death in 339 in Persia



Saint Sapor


Also known as

Shapur


Profile

Bishop of Beth-Nictor, he was known for the number of converts he brought to the faith. Denounced for interfering with the Persian star worship, and suspected of treasonous collaboration with Roman authorities, he was arrested in 339. Tried before King Shapur II, they were given the chance to save themselves by denouncing their faith; they declined. Martyr.


Born

4th century Persian


Died

stoned to death in 339 in Persia



Saint Simeon of Persia


Profile

Brother of Saint Tarbula. Convert. Denounced for suspected treasonous collaboration with Roman authorities and Christianity in general, he was arrested in 339. Tried before King Shapur II, they were given the chance to save themselves by denouncing their faith; they declined. Martyr.


Born

4th century Persian


Died

flayed alive in 339 in Persia



Saint Mahanes the Persian


Profile

Convert. Denounced for suspected treasonous collaboration with Roman authorities and Christianity in general, he was arrested in 339. Tried before King Shapur II, they were given the chance to save themselves by denouncing their faith; they declined. Martyr.


Born

4th century Persian


Died

flayed alive in 339 in Persia



Saint Abraham of Persia


Profile

Convert. Denounced for suspected treasonous collaboration with Roman authorities and Christianity in general, he was arrested in 339. Tried before King Shapur II, he was given the chance to save himself by denouncing his faith; he declined. Martyr.


Born

4th century Persian


Died

flayed alive in 339 in Persia



Blessed Andrew of Antioch


Profile

Augustinian canon regular at the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem. Travelled to Europe to collect funds for the Eastern houses of his order. Had a great reputation for personal holiness.


Born

1268 in Antioch, Syria


Died

27 March 1348 at Annecy, Savoy (part of modern France)



Saint Crider of Cornwall


Also known as

Creda


Profile

Daughter of an Irish chieftain. Nun. Friend of Saint Canice of Aghaboe.


Born

Ireland


Died

mid-7th century of natural causes


Patronage

Creed, Cornwall, England


Representation

nun with crown and scepter



Saint Maura of Constantinople


Profile

Virgin martyr. No details of her life have survived. An island in the Ionian Sea is named for her. Devotion was widespread in the East. Julian the Apostate unsuccessfully tried to suppress devotion to her.


Died

at Constantinople (modern Istanbul, Turkey)



Saint Mirocles of Milan


Also known as

Merocles, Mirocleto


Profile

Archbishop of Milan, Italy. Writer. Attended the Council of Rome in 313. One of the originators of the Ambrosian liturgy and chant. His life and works were praised by Saint Ambrose of Milan.


Died

c.318 of natural causes



Saint Trojan


Also known as

Troyen


Profile

His father was Jewish, his mother was Arabic, and Trojan was an adult convert to Christianity. Priest. Student of Saint Vivien. Beloved bishop of Saintes, France.


Died

533



Blessed William de Paulo


Profile

Benedictine monk at San Niccolo dell' Arena. Abbot at Maniaco, assigned to restore discipline.


Born

Catania, Sicily


Died

1423 of natural causes



Saint Zosimus the Wonder Worker


Also known as

Zosimus of Palestine


Profile

Hermit at Palestine. Miracle worker.


Died

6th century of natural causes



Blessed Arnold of Gemblours


Profile

Benedictine monk at Saint-Nicaise Abbey, Rheims, France. Abbot of Gemblours Abbey in Belgium.


Died

1155 of natural causes



Saint Constantius of Rome


Profile

Priest in Rome, Italy. Opposed Pelagianism, and murdered by its adherents.


Died

c.418 at Rome, Italy



Saint Justina of Constantinople


Profile

Martyred maiden.


Died

at Constantinople



Saint Merola of Antioch


Also known as

Merula


Profile

Martyr.


Died

c.400 in Antioch, Syria



Saint Domninus of Antioch


Profile

Martyr.


Died

c.400 in Antioch, Syria



Saint Euprepis of Rome


Profile

Martyred in Rome, Italy.



Martyrs of Saxony


Profile

Missionaries who worked with Saint Willehad of Bremen. Martyrs. - Attroban, Benjamin, Emmingen, Folkard, Gerwald and Grisold.


Died

30 November 782 at River Weser, Lawer Saxony, Germany



Martyred in the Spanish Civil War


Thousands of people were murdered in the anti-Catholic persecutions of the Spanish Civil War from 1934 to 1939. I have pages on each of them, but in most cases I have only found very minimal information. They are available on the CatholicSaints.Info site through these links:


• Blessed Agustín Renedo Martín

• Blessed Amado Cubeñas Díaz-Madrazo

• Blessed Antonio Martínez Gil-Leonis

• Blessed Arturo Donoso Murillo

• Blessed Arturo García de la Fuente

• Blessed Benito Garnelo Álvarez

• Blessed Benito Rodríguez González

• Blessed Benito Velasco y Velasco

• Blessed Bernardino Calle Franco

• Blessed Conrado Rodríguez Gutiérrez

• Blessed Constantino Malumbres Francés

• Blessed Dámaso Arconada Merino

• Blessed Dionisio Terceño Vicente

• Blessed Emiliano Santamaría Angulo

• Blessed Esteban García Suárez

• Blessed Francisco Fuente Puebla

• Blessed Francisco Marcos Del Río

• Blessed Gerardo Gil Leal

• Blessed Gerardo Pascual Mata

• Blessed Gregorio Álvarez Fernández

• Blessed Heliodoro Merino y Merino

• Blessed Isidro Mediavilla Campos

• Blessed Jesús Gesta Piquer

• Blessed Jesús Largo Manrique

• Blessed Joaquín García Ferrero

• Blessed José Agustín Fariña Castro

• Blessed José Antonio Pérez García

• Blessed José Gando Uña

• Blessed José López Piteira

• Blessed José Noriega González

• Blessed José Otín Aquilué

• Blessed Josep Maria Dalmau Regás

• Blessed Juan Monedero Fernández

• Blessed Juan Peña Ruiz

• Blessed Juan Sánchez y Sánchez

• Blessed Julián Zarco Cuevas

• Blessed Julio Marcos Rodríguez

• Blessed Julio María Fincias

• Blessed León Alesanco Maestro

• Blessed Luis Abia Melendro

• Blessed Luis Palacios Lozano

• Blessed Luis Suárez-Valdés Díaz de Miranda

• Blessed Macario Sánchez López

• Blessed Manuel Miguel Sánchez

• Blessed Marcos Guerrero Prieto

• Blessed María del Olvido Noguera Albelda

• Blessed Mariano Revilla Rico

• Blessed Martín Arbé Barrón

• Blessed Matías Espeso Cuevas

• Blessed Máximo Valle García

• Blessed Melchor Martínez Antuña

• Blessed Miguel Cerezal Calvo

• Blessed Miguel Francisco Rueda Mejías

• Blessed Miguel Iturrarán Laucirica

• Blessed Nemesio Díez Fernández

• Blessed Nemesio García Rubio

• Blessed Nicéforo Salvador del Río

• Blessed Pedro Carvajal Pereda

• Blessed Pedro de la Varga Delgado

• Blessed Pedro Martínez Ramos

• Blessed Pedro Simón Ferrero

• Blessed Rafael Touceda Fernández

• Blessed Ramiro Alonso López

• Blessed Ramón Juan Costa

• Blessed Ricardo Marcos Reguero

• Blessed Román Martín Mata

• Blessed Santiago García Molina

• Blessed Saturnino Sanz y Sanz

• Blessed Tomás Sánchez López

• Blessed Vicente Angulo García

• Blessed Victor Cuesta Villalba


Also celebrated but no entry yet


• Berenguer de Ostales

• Pompea of Langoat