St. Tikhon of Zadonsk
Feastday: August 13
Birth: 1724
Death: 1783
Russian monk and bishop. Born to a peasant family, he nevertheless received an excellent education and became a professor at Novgorod seminary. After spending a number of years as a monk (he entered the monastery in 1758), he served as bishop of Voronezh from 1763-1767, returning to the monastic life at the Zadonsk monastery from 1769. A deeply ascetical and mystical personality in the Eastern traditions, he was nevertheless much influenced by Western authors, including the Anglican bishop of Norwich Joseph Hall and the Lutheran theologian Johann Arndt. Tikhon was a prolific writer and was renowned both in active service and retirement for his abiding pastoral concerns and efforts on behalf of the poor and suffering.
Tikhon of Zadonsk (secular name Timofey Savelyevich Sokolov, Russian: Тимофей Савельевич Соколов; 1724–1783) was a Russian Orthodox bishop and spiritual writer who was glorified (canonized) as saint of the Orthodox Church.
He was born in the village of Korotsko, in the Novgorod region, Russia. He was tonsured a monk at the age of thirty-four and later consecrated Bishop of Voronezh. He served as bishop for a little under seven years and retired to the monastery of Zadonsk because of poor health. He lived there until he died.
On May 14, 1846, during the construction of the new cathedral at Zadonsk, Tikhon's relics were uncovered and reported to be incorrupt. His relics were kept in Zadonsk. It was reported that many miracles occurred near his relic, so he was made a saint by the Russian Orthodox Church in 1861. His feast day is celebrated on August 13, Julian calendar (August 26, Gregorian Calendar). As a result, another feast day, the Uncovering of the Relics of Saint Tikhon of Zadonsk was instituted to be celebrated annually on May 14.
The life and works of Tikhon inspired Dostoevsky and are reflected in the character of Bishop Tikhon in Demons[1] and the characters of Alyosha Karamazov and the Elder Zosima in The Brothers Karamazov
Bl. Otto Neururer
Feastday: August 13
Birth: 1882
Death: 1940
Beatified: Pope John Paul II
Otto Neururer (March 25, 1882 - May 30, 1940) was a Catholic priest.
He was born the twelfth child of a peasant family and felt early desire to become a priest. In 1895, Neururer was sent to the minor seminary in Bressanone Vinzentinum. After his graduation, Neururer joined the seminary of Bressanone. In 1907, he received the priestly ordination in Bressanone, then he worked as a teacher of religion in Innsbruck. In 1932, he became pastor in Götzens.
On December 15, 1938, he was arrested by the Gestapo and put in the prison in Innsbruck, then on 3 March 1939 in the Dachau concentration camp on 26 September in the Buchenwald concentration camp near Weimar brought. Still in camp, he served as pastor, and had a fellow prisoner to be baptized. When this became known, he died after 34 hours of torture.
St. Francis of Pesaro
Feastday: August 13
Death: 1350
Franciscan tertiary of Pesaro, Italy He lived in a community and was known for his holiness. He founded the Confraternity of Mercy, a hospice, and was a miracle worker. Pope Pius IX confirmed his cult.
St. Fachanan
Feastday: August 13
This saint's feast is observed liturgically throughout all Ireland and he is patron of the diocese of Ross, where he was probably the first bishop. He was born at Tulachteann, was one of the pupils of St. Ita, and founded the monastery of Molana on an island in the Blackwater, near Youghal. But his great achievement was the establishment of the monastic school of Ross, at what is now Rosscarbery, in county Cork, one of the most famous schools of Ireland, which flourished for three hundred years and survived in some form until the coming of the Normans. Fachanan (Fachtna) suffered for a time from blindness, from which he recovered at the intercession of St. Ita's sister, who was about to give birth to St. Mochoemog. St. Fachanan was revered as a "wise and upright man", with a great gift for preaching; St. Cuimin of connor said of him that he was "generous and steadfast, fond of preaching to the people and saying nothing that was base or displeasing to God". His feast day is August 13th.
Not to be confused with Saint Fachanan or Fachtna of Kiltoom.
Fachtna of Rosscarbery, known also as Fachanan, was the founder of the monastery of Rosscarbery (Ros Ailithir), County Cork. He died around 600.
Life
He established a monastery and school in the area now known as Rosscarbery towards the end of the sixth century.[1] His monastery became the principal monastery of west Cork, and later had a famous Scripture school known as the School of Ross. Brendan, the Navigator, taught in this school, which was crowded by students from every land.[2] It flourished for three hundred years and survived in some form until the coming of the Normans to Ireland. It was the centre from which the Diocese of Ross developed.
Fachtna, born at a place called Tulachteann, was one of the pupils of Saint Ita.[3] It is said that Fachtna was cured of an affection of his eyes by bathing them in the milk of Saint Mochoemoc's mother, Saint Ita's sister.[4] He then studied at Saint Finbarr's school at Loch Eirce (Gougane Barra). Before establishing the monastic school of Ross, he founded the monastery of Molana on an island in the Blackwater, near Youghal.[3]
In some Latin documents he is called Fachtna Facundus (Fachtna the Eloquent) and even spoken of as Sanctus Facundus. In Irish records he is generally referred to as Mac Mongach (Hairy Child), because he was reported to have been born with his head covered with hair. The interpretation of this phrase by James Ussher and others as meaning Son of Mongach was rejected by Mervyn Archdall.[3]
The description of Saint Fachtna in Cuimin of Connor's poem on the characteristic virtues of the Irish saints is:
Fachtna, the generous and steadfast, loved
To instruct the crowds in concert,
He never spoke that which was mean,
Nor aught but what was pleasing to his Lord.[3]
Mention is made of Fachtna and Conall of Ros Ailithir within the scholia of the Félire Óengusso in connection with Ciarán of Saigir the Elder who was born and raised on Cape Clear Island.[5]
Veneration
His feast day was 14 August but, since in the General Roman Calendar that date is now occupied by the memorial of Saint Maximilian Kolbe, Saint Fachtna is now venerated, even in the Diocese of Ross, on 13 August.
Blessed Mark of Aviano
Also known as
• Carlo Domenico Cristofori
• Marco D'Aviano
• Marco of Aviano
Profile
Son of Marco Pasquale Cristofori and Rosa Zanoni. Educated at home and at the Jesuit school in Gorizia, Italy. He was especially fascinated with stories of the saints. At age 16 he left home to walk to Crete, where Venice was at war with the Ottoman Turks; he planned to preaching Christianity to Muslims and take his chance on martyrdom. After a few days of hiking, he stopped at the Capuchin house in Capodistria (modern Kopar, Slovenia), seeking food and shelter. The brothers took him in, fed him, prayed with him, and advised him to return home, which he did.
His time at the monastery affected Carlo deeply, and in 1648 he became a Capuchin novice at Conegliano, Italy. He made his formal vows in 1649, taking the name Mark. Ordained on 18 September 1655 at Chioggia, Italy. He lived several years in the cloister, but in 1664 he was called to missionary duty, preaching throughout Italy. Elected superior of the Belluno, Italy house in 1672. Elected superior of the Oderzo, Italy house in 1674.
On 8 September 1676, while preaching at a monastery in Padua, Italy, Mark prayed over Sister Vincenza Francesconi, who had been bed-ridden for 13 years; she was miraculously healed. Word spread, and while he continued preaching, Mark was soon beseiged by people seeking miracles; many were healed, and many were brought to the faith.
His fame led his to become counselor on religious and political matters to Leopold I, emperor of Austria for nearly two decades. Papal legate and Apostolic Nuncio to Austria for Pope Blessed Innocent XI. He secured the release of Vienna from the Ottoman Turks on 12 September 1683. Travelled with the army from 1683 to 1689 as advisor and chaplain to soldiers of all ranks. He helped negotiate the liberation of Buda on 2 September 1686, and of Belgrade on 6 September 1688. He worked as a peacemaker throughout Europe, bringing unity to warring Catholic powers, educating them on the threat posed by the Ottoman's - and never letting them forget that all wise counsel was given by God.
Legend has it that when the Ottomans fled before the European army, they left behind a lot of their strong, bitter coffee. The Christian soldiers, to make this liberated coffee more palatable, mixed it with honey and milk; they named the drink after Mark's Order, the Capuchins, and thus cappuccino was created.
Born
17 November 1631 at Aviano, Italy as Carlo Domenico Cristofori
Died
13 August 1699 of cancer in Vienna, Austria
Beatified
27 April 2003 by Pope John Paul II
Blessed Jakob Gapp
Also known as
• Jacob Gapp
• Jakub Gapp
Profile
Seventh child in the working class family of Martin Gapp and Antonia Wach. Received a basic education in his native town, then entered the Franciscan high school in Hall in 1910. Austrian soldier on the Italian front from May 1915 till he was wounded in 1916; received the silver medal of Courage Second Class. On 4 November 1918 he became a prisoner of war in Riva del Garda; released on 18 August 1919.
After the War, he entered the Marianist novitiate at Greisinghof, Upper Austria in 1921. Assigned to the Marian Institute in Graz as a teacher and sacristan for four years, while preparing for the seminary. Made his profession at Antony, France on 27 August 1925. In September 1925 Jakob entered the International Marianist Seminary in Fribourg, Switzerland. Ordained by Bishop Marius Besson at Saint Nicholas Cathedral in Fribourg on 5 April 1930.
Back in Austria he worked as a teacher, director of religious education, and chaplain in Marianist schools till 1938. Economic conditions were terrible; Father Gapp collected food and other necessities from students, and gave his own heating coal to the poor.
Nazism was on the rise in Germany and Austria. Father Gapp saw the incompatibility of Nazism and Christianity, and began preaching this truth. When German troops arrived in Austria in March 1938, he left Graz. His superiors sent him home as they believed his anti-Nazi preaching would bring on the wrath of the Reich; but his institutions were already marked for destruction.
In Tirol he enjoyed the last moments of peace in his life. He was an assistant pastor in Breitenwang-Reutte for two months when the Gestapo, in October 1938, ordered him not to teach religion. Father Gapp taught uncompromising love for all men and women without reference to nationality or religion, and that "God is your God, not Adolf Hitler." In a sermon on 11 December 1938 he defended Pope Pius XI against the attacks of the Nazis, and directed the faithful of the parish to read Catholic literature instead of Nazi propaganda. He was advised to leave the country.
He escaped to Bordeaux, France, where he worked as a chaplain and librarian. In May 1939 he went to Spain where he served in the Marianist communities at San Sebastian, Cadiz and Valencia. The Gestapo followed him, and in 1942 he received word of two people across the border in France who claimed to be Jews fleeing from Nazis in Berlin, Germany, and who wanted instruction in Catholicism. When he crossed into France to minster to them, they abducted him.
Father Gapp was arrested on 9 November 1942 in Hendaye, France, and brought to Berlin. On 2 July 1943 he was condemned to death for speaking against the Reich. Burial of his remains were denied as the Nazis feared he would be seen as a martyr, and his grave become a site of silent demonstration and rebellion. On the afternoon of 13 August 1943 he was advised he would executed that night. He wrote two moving farewell letters, and was martyred.
Born
26 July 1897 at Wattens, Tyrol, Austria
Died
• guillotined at 7.08pm 13 August 1943 at Plotzensee Prison, Berlin, Germany
• remains used for research at the Anatomical-Biological Institute of the University of Berlin
Beatified
24 November 1996 by Pope John Paul II
Saint Maximus the Confessor
Also known as
• Maximus of Constantinople
• Maximus Confessor
• Maximus the Theologian
• Maximus Homogoletes
Profile
Born to the Byzantine nobility. Chief secretary to Emperor Heraclius, a post he resigned to become a monk at Chrysopolis. Spiritual student of Saint Sophronius. Abbot of Chrysopolis. His community broke up in 626 due to Persian invasion. Maximus fled to Alexandria, Egypt, then to Carthage, and then Rome, Italy. Worked with Pope Martin I against Monothelist heresy, and attended the Lateran Council of 649.
Falsely accused of treason due to his defense of orthodox Christianity, he was arrested and forcibly returned to Constantinople. He spent years in prison misery, and at age 82 received his final sentence: he was flogged, his tongue cut out, his right hand cut off, he was exhibited in the streets as an example to the people, and was sent into exile at Skhemeris on the Black Sea, where he died soon after. He is best remembered today for his mystical, ascetical, and theological writings, and for his steadfast belief that the purpose of all history was the Incarnation.
Born
c.580 at Constantinople
Died
• 13 August 662 at Batum near the Black Sea of natural causes
• strange lights reported hovering near his tomb
Blessed Michael Joseph McGivney
Profile
Son of Irish immigrants. Studied at the Saint-Hyacinthe's Seminary in Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada beginning in 1868; finished his studies at Saint Mary's Seminary in Baltimore, Maryland, in 1873. Before he could be ordained, however, his father died, and Michael returned home to support the family. Ordained on 22 December 1877 by Archbishop Joseph Gibbons at the Basilica of the National Shrine of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary. Assistant pastor at Saint Mary's Church, New Haven, archdiocese of Hartford, Connecticut. With a small group of parishioners, he founded the Knights of Columbus on 2 February 1882; today the organization has nearly two million members and contributes tens of millions of dollars to charity each year.
Born
12 August 1852 in Waterbury, Connecticut
Died
• 14 August 1890 at Thomaston, Connecticut of pneumonia, possibly related to tuberculosis
• re-interred in Saint Mary's Church, New Haven Connecticut in 1982
Beatified
• 31 October 2020 by Pope Francis
• the beatification recognition was celebrated at the Cathedral of Saint Joseph in Hartford, Connecticut
• the beatification miracle involved the in-utero healing of a baby who's fluid retention was causing swelling that would have damaged his heart
Saint John Berchmans
Also known as
Jan Berchmans
Profile
Son of a shoemaker, and one of five children, three of whom entered religious life. John had great devotion to his position as an altar boy. He spent much of his time caring for his mother, who was in poor health. Jesuit noviate in 1616, deciding to become a Jesuit after reading the life of Saint Aloysius Gonzaga. Student at the Jesuit College at Malines, Belgium. Studied philosophy in Rome. John had a dream of helping and teaching multi-lingual migrants, and he studied all the chief languages of Europe. He wanted to work in China after ordination. He died of unknown causes following his participation in a public debate defending the faith, and while clutching his rosary, crucifix, and rules of his order; he did not live to be ordained.
John Berchmans was not noted for extraordinary feats of holiness or austerity, nor did he found orders or churches or work flashy miracles. He made kindness, courtesy, and constant fidelity an important part of his holiness. The path to holiness can lie in the ordinary rather than the extraordinary.
Born
13 March 1599 at Driest, Brabant, Belgium
Died
• 12 August 1621 at Rome, Italy
• relics at Saint Ignatius Church, Rome
Canonized
15 January 1888 by Pope Leo XIII
Patronage
• altar boys
• altar girls
• altar servers
• Oblate novices
• young people
Saint Radegunde
✠ புனிதர் ரேட்கண்ட் ✠
(St. Radegund)
இளவரசி/ அரசி/ நிறுவனர்:
(Princess/ Queen/ Foundress)
பிறப்பு: கி.பி. 520
துரிங்கியன் பழங்குடியினர்
(Thuringian tribes)
இறப்பு: ஆகஸ்ட் 13, 587 (வயது 66–67)
தூய திருச்சிலுவை மடம், போய்ட்டேர்ஸ், அகிட்டைன், ஃபிரேங்க்ஸ் அரசு
(Abbey of the Holy Cross, Poitiers, Aquitaine, Kingdom of the Franks)
ஏற்கும் சமயம்:
ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை
(Roman Catholic Church)
கிழக்கு மரபுவழி திருச்சபை
(Eastern Orthodox Church)
நினைவுத் திருவிழா: ஆகஸ்ட் 13
பாதுகாவல்:
இயேசு கல்லூரி (Jesus College), கேம்ப்ரிட்ஜ் பல்கலைகழகம் (Cambridge)
புனிதர் ரேட்கண்ட், ஒரு துரிங்கியன் இளவரசியும் (Thuringian Princess), ஃபிரேங்கிஷ் அரசியும் (Frankish Queen), போய்ட்டேர்ஸ் (Poitiers) நகரிலுள்ள “திருச்சிலுவை துறவு மடத்தை” (Abbey of the Holy Cross) நிறுவியவருமாவார். ஃபிரான்ஸ் (France) மற்றும் இங்கிலாந்து (England) நாடுகளிலுள்ள பல்வேறு ஆலயங்களின் பாதுகாவலரான இவர், கேம்ப்ரிட்ஜ் (Cambridge) பல்கலையின் இயேசு கல்லூரியின் (Jesus College) பாதுகாவலருமாவார்.
ரேட்கண்ட், ஜெர்மன் (German) நாட்டிலுள்ள, துரிங்கியன் (Thuringian) நிலத்தின் மூன்று அரசர்களில் ஒருவரான “பெர்டாச்சார்” (Bertachar) என்பவரது மகளாவார். ரேட்கண்ட்டின் மாமனான “ஹெர்மன்ஃபிரிட்” (Hermanfrid) என்பவர், “பெர்டாச்சாரை” (Bertachar) சண்டையிட்டு கொன்றுவிட்டு, ரெட்கண்ட்டை கைப்பற்றினான். ஃபிரேன்கிஷ் (Frankish King) அரசன் “தியோடெரிக்” (Theuderic) என்பவனுடன் இணைந்த பிறகு, தமது இன்னொரு சகோதரனான “படேரிக்” (Baderic) என்பவனையும் சண்டையிட்டு தோற்கடித்தான். இருப்பினும், அவரது சகோதரர்களை நசுக்கி, துரிங்கியாவின் கட்டுப்பாட்டை கைப்பற்றிய “ஹெர்மன்ஃபிரிட்”, அரசன் “தியோடெரிக்குடன்” (Theuderic) தத்துவார்த்தத்தைப் பகிர்ந்து கொள்வதற்கான உடன்படிக்கைக்கு மறுப்பு தெரிவித்தான்.
கி.பி. 531ம் ஆண்டு, “தியோடெரிக்”, தமது சகோதரன் “முதலாம் க்லோடேய்ர்” (Clotaire I) என்பவருடன் துரிங்கியா திரும்பினார். இருவரும் இணைந்து ஹெர்மன்ஃபிரிட்’டை தோற்கடித்து, அவரது இராச்சியத்தை வெற்றிகொண்டார்கள். ரேட்கண்ட்டை பொறுப்பேற்றுக்கொண்ட “முதலாம் க்லோடேய்ர்,” அவரை அங்கிருந்து திரும்ப “மெரோவிங்கியன் கௌல்” (Merovingian Gaul) அழைத்துச் சென்றார். ரேட்கண்ட், “முதலாம் க்லோடேய்ரின்” ஆறு மனைவியர் (Wives) அல்லது “திருமணமாகாமல் சேர்ந்து வாழும் பெண்களில்” (Concubines) ஒருவராவார். குழந்தைகள் பெற்றுக்கொள்ளாத ரேட்கண்ட்டின் தர்மசிந்தனை குறிப்பிடப்படுவதாகும்.
கி.பி. 550ம் ஆண்டு, துரிங்கியன் அரச குடும்பத்தின் எஞ்சிய கடைசி ஆண் உறுப்பினர், ரேட்கண்ட்டின் சகோதரர் ஆவார். “முதலாம் க்லோடேய்ர்” அவரையும் கொலை செய்தார். தமது இராச்சியத்தை விட்டு ஓடிப்போன ரேட்கண்ட், திருச்சபையின் பாதுகாப்பை கோரினார். “நோயோன்” (Noyon) ஆயரிடம், தம்மை ஒரு திருத்தொண்டராக (Deaconess) நியமிக்க வலியுறுத்தினார். கி.பி. 560ம் ஆண்டு, போய்ட்டேர்ஸ் (Poitiers) நகரில், “செயின்ட் க்ரோய்க்ஸ்” (Monastery of Sainte-Croix) துறவு மடத்தை நிறுவினார். அங்கே, நோயாளிகள்மீது அக்கறை செலுத்தினார். ரேட்கண்ட், பழம், மீன், முட்டை, இறைச்சி ஆகியவனவற்றை தவிர்த்து, அவரையினங்களையும் காய்கறிகளையுமே உண்டார். செபித்தல் மூலம் நோயாளிகளை குணமாக்கும் அற்புத சக்தி கொண்டிருந்தார் என்று பரவலாக நம்பப்பட்டார்.
அவரது துறவு மடம், கிறிஸ்துவின் உண்மையான திருச்சிலுவையின் மிச்சத்திற்கான பெயரிடப்பட்டது. இவர், உண்மையான திருச்சிலுவையின் மிச்சமொன்றினை, “பைசண்டைன் பேரரசர்” (Byzantine Emperor) “இரண்டாம் ஜஸ்டினிடமிருந்து” (Justin II) பெற்றதாக கூறப்படுகிறது. போய்ட்டேர்ஸ் (Poitiers) ஆயரான (Bishop of Poitiers) “மரோவியஸ்” (Maroveus) அதனை துறவு மடத்தில் ஸ்தாபிக்க மறுத்தும், ரேட்கண்ட்டின் வேண்டுகோளின்பேரில், “டூர்ஸ்” ஆயரான “யூஃப்ரோனியஸ்” (Eufronius of Tours) என்பவரை, அரசன் “சிக்பெர்ட்” (Sigebert) அனுப்பி அதனை ஸ்தாபிக்கச் செய்தார்.
ஆறாம் நூற்றாண்டின் கிறிஸ்தவ துறவியான “ஜூனியன்” (Junian of Maire), ரேட்கண்டின் நெருங்கிய நண்பராவார். நண்பர்களான இவர்கள் இருவருமே கி.பி. 587ம் ஆண்டு, ஆகஸ்ட் மாதம், 13ம் தேதி, ஒரே நாளில் மரித்ததாக கூறப்படுகிறது.
Also known as
Radegund, Rhadegund, Radegonde, Radigund, Radegundes
Profile
Princess of Thuringia. Queen of France. Daughter of the pagan king Berthachar of Thuringia. She was given at age 12 to Clotaire I as a hostage after he conquered her father's army in 531. The girl converted to Christianity during her captivity, and 540 she was married against her will to Clotaire who then badly mistreated her, partly for being childless. In 555 she finally left him and took the veil from Saint Medard. Deaconess at Noyon, France. She founded the convent of the Holy Cross, Poiters, France; among the many relics in its chapel was a piece of the True Cross. She placed the house under the Rule of Saint Caesarius of Arles, and lived there her remaining 30 years; it became a center of scholarship. Spiritual student of Saint John of Chinon. Friend of Saint Fortunatus, who composed his hymn Vexilla Regis in her honor. She was very active in the affairs of the Church and civil politics, and gained a repuation as a peacemaker. Jesus College in Cambridge was originally dedicated to her.
Born
518 in Erfurt, Saxony
Died
• 13 August 587 in Poitiers, France of natural causes
• relics burned by Calvinists in 1562
Patronage
• against drowning
• against fever
• against leprosy
• against scabies
• against scabs
• against the death of parents
• against ulcers
• difficult marriages
• potters
• weavers
• Poitiers, France
Saint Wigbert of Fritzlar
Profile
Became a monk as a very young man, possibly at Glastonbury Abbey. Missionary who worked with Saint Boniface. He arrived in Germany c.734. Abbot of the monastery of Hersfeld, Hesse. Spiritual teacher of Saint Sturmi of Fulda. Abbot of Ohrdruf, Thuringia in 737. He later retired to Hersfeld where he spent his remaining days as a prayerful monk. Known as a very quiet man, and a miracle worker.
Born
c.675 in England
Died
• c.746 at Hersfeld, Germany of natural causes following a long illness
• buried at Fritzlar, Germany
• relics moved to Büraburg Castle in 774 to save them from invading Saxons
• relics transferred to Hersfeld abbey in 780
• relics re-interred in a church built for them in the abbey in 850
• the church burned in 1037
• surviving relics re-interred in the new church in 1144
• the church burned in 1761, destroying the remaining relics
Patronage
Bad Hersfeld, Germany
Saint Hippolytus of Rome
Also known as
• Hippolytus of Porto
• Ippolito...
Profile
Third century imperial Roman soldier assigned to guard Christian prisoners. Converted by them to the faith. Martyred for assisting at the burial of some his martyred charges.
Due to a clerical error, Hippolytus was inadvertently listed on some calendars as two people, Hippolytus of Rome and Hippolytus of Porto. The second entry had the feast day of 22 August. This problem was corrected in the calendar revision of 1969.
Died
• dragged or torn to death by horses outside Rome, Italy
• collected body fragments were buried along the Via Tiburtina, Rome
Patronage
• horses
• prison guards, officers and workers
• Bibbiena, Italy
• Laterina, Italy
Saint Benildus
✠ புனித பெனில்திஸ் ✠
(St. Bénilde Romançon )
பிறப்பு: பிரான்ஸ் ஜூன் 14, 1805
பிப்ரவரி 10, 1820
இறப்பு: ஆகஸ்ட் 13,1862
1948 ஆம் ஆண்டு ஏப்ரல் 4 ஆம் தேதி புனிதப்படுத்தப்பட்டது
அக்டோபர் 29, 1967 அன்று புனிதர் ஆக்கப்பட்டது
இவர் பிரான்ஸ் நாட்டைச் சார்ந்தவர். இவரது குடும்பம் ஒரு சாதாரண விவசாயக் குடும்பம்.
இவர் தனது தொடக்கக் கல்வியை தெலசால் அருள்சகோதர்கள் நடத்தி வந்த பள்ளிக்கூடத்தில் கற்றார். இவரிடம் விளங்கிய அறிவாற்றலைக் கண்டு வியந்த அங்கிருந்த அருள் சகோதரர்கள் இவரைப் 14 வயதிலேயே மாணவர்களுக்குப் பாடம் எடுக்க இசைவு தந்தனர்.
இருபதாவது வயதில் தெலசால் அருள் சகோதரர்கள் சபையில் சேர்ந்த இவர், தனது நாற்பத்து ஒன்றாம் சாகஸ் என்ற இடத்திலிருந்த ஓர் இல்லத்தின் தலைவரானார்.
சாகஸ் என்ற இடம் ஒரு சாதாரண சிற்றூர். இவ்வூரில் கல்வியில் பின்தங்கிய மாணவ மாணவிகள் பலர் இருந்தார்கள். அவர்களுக்கு இவர் மாலை நேர வகுப்பு எடுத்து அவர்கள் கல்வியில் சிறந்தோங்கச் செய்தார்.
இவர் மாணவர்களுக்கு பாடம் கற்றுக் கொடுத்த நேரம் போக, மற்ற நேரங்களில் நோயாளர்களைச் சந்தித்து அவர்களிடம் ஆறுதலாகப் பேசினார்; மாணவர்களுக்கு மறைக்கல்வியும் எடுத்தார். இதனால் சாகஸ் என்ற அந்தச் சிற்றூர் கல்வியில் மட்டுமல்லாது ஆன்மிகத்திலும் சிறந்து விளங்கியது.
இவர் இறக்கும் போது, இவரிடம் கல்வி கற்ற 200க்கும் மேற்பட்ட மாணவர்கள் அருள்பணியாளர்களாக மாறி இருந்தார்கள்.
இவருக்கு 1967 ஆம் ஆண்டு திருத்தந்தை ஆறாம் பவுலால் புனிதர் பட்டம் கொடுக்கப்பட்டது.
Also known as
• Benilde
• Peter Romancon
• Pierre Romancon
Additional Memorial
29 January (De La Salle Brothers)
Profile
Educated by the De La Salle Brothers. An excellent student, he was a part-time teacher by age 14. Joined the De La Salle Brothers at age 14, entering his noviate on 10 February 1820, and taking the name Benildus. Teacher at several schools. Director of a community at Saugues in southern France in 1841. He founded a school there, and remained with it the rest of his life. Taught classes and catechism, visited the sick, and attracted many to the religious life; over 200 of his students became De La Salle brothers. Known for his sanctity, effective teaching, generosity to students, Brothers, and townspeople, and for the excellent reputation of his school.
Born
14 June 1805 at Thuret, France as Pierre Romancon
Died
13 August 1862 at Saugues, France of natural causes
Canonized
29 October 1967 by Pope Paul VI
Saint Cassian of Imola
Profile
Schoolmaster at Imola, Italy who taught hand-writing. During one of the imperial persecutions, he was ordered to sacrifice to pagan gods; when he refused, he was turned over to his pagan students who stabbed him to death with their iron stylus, the device used as a pencil on wax tablets.
Died
• tortured and stabbed to death at Imola, Italy in the 4th century
• relics at Imola, Italy
Patronage
• students, school children
• teachers
• Bolzano-Bressanone, Italy, diocese of
• Brixen, Italy, diocese of
• Mexico City, Mexico
• 4 cities in Italy
Blessed Juan Agramunt y Riera
Also known as
Juan of the Sacred Hearts
Profile
Son of Jose Agramunt and Antonia Riera. Began his Piarist novitiate in August 1922, making his solemn vows on 15 February 1928. Priest, ordained on 28 December 1930. Taught at Albacete, Spain. Transferred to the College of Castellón de la Plana in September 1935. When the persecutions of the Spanish Civil War began, he went into hiding at the home of his parents in Almazora, Spain, but was arrested by anti–Catholic militants on 7 August 1936. Martyr.
Born
14 February 1907 in Almazora, Castellón, Spain
Died
shot during the night of 13 to 14 August 1936 in Pla de Museros, Almazora, Castellón, Spain
Beatified
1 October 1995 by Pope John Paul II
Blessed Pierre Gabilhaud
Profile
Priest in the diocese of Limoges, France. Imprisoned on a ship in the harbor of Rochefort, France and left to die during the anti-Catholic persecutions of the French Revolution. One of the Martyrs of the Hulks of Rochefort.
Born
26 July 1747 in Point-Saint-Martin, Haute-Vienne, France
Died
13 August 1794 aboard the prison ship Deux-Associés, in Rochefort, Charente-Maritime, France
Beatified
1 October 1995 by Pope John Paul II
Blessed Gertrude of Altenberg
Profile
Daughter of Saint Elizabeth of Hungary and Louis IV, landgrave of Thuringia. Educated at Altenberg Abbey. Cistercian nun at Altenberg. Chosen abbess when very young, and led the house for 50 years.
Born
1227
Died
1297 of natural causes
Beatified
• 1311 by Pope Clement VI (cultus confirmed and limited to the Altenberg monastery)
• 11 July 1729 by Pope Benedict XIII (cultus confirmation and extended to the entire Order)
Saint Herulph of Langres
Also known as
• Herulph of Ellwangen
• Hariolfus of...
Profile
Born to the nobility, the son of the Count of Ellwangen (part of modern Germany). Benedictine monk at the abbey of Saint Gall in Switzerland. Founded Ellwangen Abbey, diocese of Augsburg, Germany, in 764. Bishop of Langres.
Died
785 of natural causes
Blessed William Freeman
Profile
Priest in the Vicariate Apostlic of England. Martyred in the persecutions of Queen Elizabeth I for the crime of being a priest.
Born
Menthorpre, North Yorkshire, England
Died
hanged on 13 August 1595 in Warwick, Warwickshire, England
Beatified
15 December 1929 by Pope Pius XI
Saint Nerses Glaietsi
Also known as
• Chnorhali
• Nerses the Gracious
Profile
Uncle of Saint Nerces Lambronazi. Worked for the union of the Greek and Armenian churches, and of the Armenian church with Rome. Bishop of the Armenians in 1166. Noted poet in his native language.
Born
1102
Died
1173
Saint Radegund
Profile
Poor servant girl in 13th century Augsburg, Germany who made a personal vow of devotion to God. Known for her piety and charity to those even poorer than herself, she developed a ministry to lepers and other outcasts in her rural area.
Died
attacked by wolves while en route to care for some sick people
Saint Antiochus of Lyons
Also known as
Andeol of Lyon
Profile
When Saint Justus of Lyon left France to become a hermit in Egypt, Father Antiochus was sent to talk him into coming back. He failed. When he returned home, Antiochus was chosen as the new bishop of Lyons.
Died
5th century
Saint Anastasius the Priest
Profile
Friend and spiritual student of Saint Acacius. Priest. Papal legate. Imprisoned and exiled for failure to adopt the Monothelite heresy. Martyr.
Died
c.662 from the abuse suffered while imprisoned
Saint Concordia of Rome
Profile
Martyr.
Died
beheaded outside Rome, Italy
Patronage
• nursing mothers
• wet nurses
Saint Anastasius the Monk
Profile
Friend and spiritual student of Saint Acacius. Monk. Imprisoned and exiled for failure to adopt the Monothelite heresy. Martyr.
Died
c.662 from the abuse suffered while imprisoned
Saint Helen of Burgos
Also known as
Helena
Profile
Nun. Martyr.
Died
c.304 at Burgos, Spain
Saint Cassian of Todi
Profile
Fourth-century convert, brought to the faith by Saint Pontian of Todi. Bishop of Todi, Italy. Martyred in the persecutions of Maximian Herculeus.
Died
relics in Todi, Italy
Saint Junian of Mairé
Profile
Founded the monastery at Mairé, France. Later in life he retired to live as a hermit in Chaulnay, France.
Died
587
Saint Ludolf
Also known as
Ludolph
Profile
Abbot of New Corvey Abbey in Westphalia, Germany from 971 to 983.
Died
983
Martyred Claretians of Barbastro
Profile
• Blessed Agustín Viela Ezcurdia
• Blessed Alfons Miquel Garriga
• Blessed Alfons Sorribes Teixidó
• Blessed Antolín Calvo y Calvo
• Blessed Antoni Dalmau Rosich
• Blessed Atanasio Vidaurreta Labra
• Blessed Eduardo Ripoll Diego
• Blessed Esteve Casadevall Puig
• Blessed Eusebi Maria Codina Millà
• Blessed Felipe de Jesús Munárriz Azcona
• Blessed Francesc Roura Farró
• Blessed Francisco Castán Meseguer
• Blessed Gregorio Chirivas Lacamba
• Blessed Hilario Llorente Martín
• Blessed Jaume Falgarona Vilanova
• Blessed Joan Baixeras Berenguer
• Blessed Joan Codinachs Tuneu
• Blessed José Amorós Hernández
• Blessed José Blasco Juan
• Blessed José Figuero Beltrán
• Blessed José Pavón Bueno
• Blessed Josep Maria Badía Mateu
• Blessed Josep Ormo Seró
• Blessed Josep Ros Florensa
• Blessed Juan Díaz Nosti
• Blessed Juan Echarri Vique
• Blessed Juan Sánchez Munárriz
• Blessed Leoncio Pérez Ramos
• Blessed Lluís Escalé Binefa
• Blessed Lluís Lladó Teixidor
• Blessed Lluís Masferrer Vila
• Blessed Manuel Buil Lalueza
• Blessed Manuel Martínez Jarauta
• Blessed Manuel Torras Sais
• Blessed Miquel Masip González
• Blessed Nicasio Sierra Ucar
• Blessed Pedro García Bernal
• Blessed Pere Cunill Padrós
• Blessed Rafael Briega Morales
• Blessed Ramon Illa Salvia
• Blessed Ramon Novich Rabionet
• Blessed Salvador Pigem Serra
• Blessed Sebastià Riera Coromina
• Blessed Sebastián Calvo Martínez
• Blessed Secundino Ortega García
• Blessed Teodoro Ruiz de Larrinaga García
• Blessed Tomàs Capdevila Miró
• Blessed Wenceslau Clarís Vilaregut
Died
2 August through 18 August 1936 in Barbastro, Huesca, Spain
Beatified
25 October 1992 by Pope John Paul II
Martyred in the Spanish Civil War
Thousands of people were murdered in the anti-Catholic persecutions of the Spanish Civil War from 1934 to 1939. I have pages on each of them, but in most cases I have only found very minimal information. They are available on the CatholicSaints.Info site through these links:
• Blessed Francesc Castells Areny
• Blessed Inocencio García Díez
• Blessed José Bonet Nadal
• Blessed José Boher y Foix
• Blessed José Juan Perot y Juanmarti
• Blessed Jose Tàpies y Sirvant
• Blessed Josep Alsina Casas
• Blessed Luciano Hernández Ramírez
• Blessed Maria de Puiggraciós Badia Flaquer
• Blessed Mateo Despóns Tena
• Blessed Modesto García Martí
• Blessed Pascual Araguàs y Guàrdia
• Blessed Pedro Martret y Molet
• Blessed Silvestre Arnau y Pascuet
✠ புனிதர் போன்டியன் ✠
(St. Pontian)
18ம் திருத்தந்தை:
(18th Pope)
பிறப்பு: கி.பி. 200
சர்டீனியா, ரோமப் பேரரசு
(Sardinia, Roman Empire)
இறப்பு: அக்டோபர் 235
சர்டீனியா, ரோமப் பேரரசு
(Sardinia, Roman Empire)
நினைவுத் திருவிழா: ஆகஸ்ட் 13
திருத்தந்தை போன்டியன் (Pope Pontian) ரோம் நகர (Bishop of Rome) ஆயராகவும், திருத்தந்தையாகவும் கி.பி. 230ம் ஆண்டு முதல், கி.பி. 235ம் ஆண்டு வரை ஆட்சி செய்தவர் ஆவார். அவருக்கு முன் பதவியிலிருந்தவர், திருத்தந்தை “முதலாம் அர்பன்” (Pope Urban I) ஆவார். திருத்தந்தை போன்டியன், கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபையின் 18ம் திருத்தந்தை ஆவார்.
வரலாறு:
இவருக்கு முந்தைய திருத்தந்தையர்களை விடவும் இவரைப் பற்றி சிறிது அதிக தகவல்கள் கிடைத்துள்ளன. "லிபேரிய பட்டியல்" (Liberian Catalogue) என்னும் ஏட்டை நான்காம் நூற்றாண்டில் தொகுத்த ஆசிரியருக்கு அந்தக் கூடுதல் தகவல்கள் புதிதாக அப்போது கண்டுபிடிக்கப்பட்ட ஒரு திருத்தந்தைக் குறிப்பேட்டிலிருந்து கிடைத்தன.
“ரோம் நகர் ஹிப்போலிடஸ்” (Hippolytus of Rome) என்னும் புகழ்பெற்ற இறையிலார் போன்டியனுக்கு முந்தைய திருத்தந்தையர்கள் ஆட்சிக்காலத்தில் எதிர் – திருத்தந்தையாகச் (Antipope) செயல்பட்டுக் கொண்டிருந்தார். அவரும், போன்டியனும் வேறு திருச்சபைத் தலைவர்களும் திருச்சபைக்கு எதிராக இருந்த “மேக்ஸிமினஸ்” (Maximinus the Thracian) என்ற ரோமப் பேரரசனால் “சர்டீனியா” (Sardinia) தீவுக்கு நாடு கடத்தப்பட்டனர்.
எனவே, போன்டியன் கி.பி. 235ம் ஆண்டு, செப்டம்பர் மாதம், 25ம் நாள் (அல்லது 28ம் நாள்) தமது திருத்தந்தைப் பதவியைத் துறந்தார். ஹிப்போலிடஸ் (Hippolytus of Rome) என்ற எதிர் திருத்தந்தையால் திருச்சபையில் ஏற்பட்ட பிளவும் ஏறக்குறைய அதே சமயத்தில் முடிவுக்கு வந்தது. ஹிப்போலிடஸ் திருச்சபையோடு சமாதானம் செய்துகொண்டார்.
போன்டியன் எவ்வளவு காலம் நாடு கடத்தப்பட்டு வாழ்ந்தார் என்பது தெளிவாகத் தெரியவில்லை. "திருத்தந்தையர் நூல்" (Liber Pontificalis) என்னும் ஏட்டின்படி, போன்டியன் சர்டீனியாவில் உலோகச் சுரங்கங்களில் கட்டாய வேலை செய்ததாலும், கொடூரமாக நடத்தப்பட்டதாலும் இறந்தார். அவர் 'தாவொலாரா' என்னும் தீவில் இறந்ததாகவும் ஒரு மரபு உள்ளது.
உடல் அடக்கம்:
போன்டியனின் நினைவுத் திருவிழா நவம்பர் 19ஆக இருந்தது. பின்னர் போன்டியனுக்கும், ஹிப்போலிடஸுக்கும் ஒரே நாளில், ஆகஸ்ட் 13ம் நாள் விழாக் கொண்டாட தீர்மானிக்கப்பட்டது. அந்த நாளில்தான் அவருடைய உடலின் மீபொருள்கள் கலிஸ்டஸ் (Catacomb of Callixtus) சுரங்கக் கல்லறையில் வைக்கப்பட்டன.
போன்டியனின் மீபொருள்களைத் “திருத்தந்தை ஃபேபியன்” (Pope Fabian) (ஆட்சி: 236-250) என்பவர், ரோம் நகருக்குக் கொண்டு வந்து, கலிஸ்டஸ் (Catacomb of Callixtus) சுரங்கக் கல்லறையில் அடக்கம் செய்தார். அவரது கல்லறையில் வைக்கப்பட்ட கல்வெட்டு 1909ம் ஆண்டு, கண்டெடுக்கப்பட்டது. அதில் "PONTIANOS, EPISK" என்னும் சொற்கள் உள்ளன. அவற்றைத் தொடர்ந்து, "MARTUR" என்னும் சொல் வேறு ஒருவரால் சேர்க்கப்பட்டுள்ளது தெரிகிறது. இதற்கு, "ஆயரும் மறைச்சாட்சியுமான போன்டியன்" என்பது பொருள்.
தூயவர்களான போந்தியன் மற்றும் ஹிப்போலிடஸ்
இன்று நாம் இரு தூயவர்களை ஒருசேர நினைவுகூர்ந்து பார்க்கின்றோம். ஒருவர் போந்தியன், இன்னொருவர் ஹிப்போலிடஸ்.
போந்தியோனோ, உரோமையைச் சேர்ந்தவர். இவர் திருத்தந்தை முதலாம் சிச்ஸ்துசிற்குப் பிறகு 230 ஆம் ஆண்டு, ஜூலை திங்கள் 21 ஆம் நாம் திருத்தந்தையாகப் பொறுப்பேற்று திருச்சபையை நல்லவிதமாய் வழிநடத்தி வந்தார். இவர் திருத்தந்தையாக இருந்த ஐந்து ஆண்டுகளும் திருச்சபையின் பாரம்பரியத்தைக் கட்டிக் காட்டிவந்தார்.
இந்த சமயத்தில் உரோமையின் மன்னனாக மாக்சிமினுஸ் பொறுப்பேற்றான். இவன் கிறிஸ்தவர்களை அறவே வெறுத்தான். எனவே இவன் கிறிஸ்தவர்களைத் துன்புறுத்தியும் படுகொலையும் செய்து வந்தான். இதன் நீட்சியாக, திருத்தந்தை போந்தியனை இத்தாலியில் இருந்த சர்டினியா என்ற பகுதிக்கு அவன் நாடுகடத்தினான். அங்கே திருத்தந்தை தனிமைச் சிறையில் பலவிதமான வேதனைகளை அனுபவித்து வந்தார்.
ஹிப்போலிடசோ, உரோமையைச் சேர்ந்த ஒரு குருவானவர். இவர் மிகச் சிறந்த சிந்தனையாளரும் எழுத்தாளரும் ஆவார். இவர் எழுதிய Apostolic Tradition என்ற புத்தகம் மிகப் பிரபலமானது. இப்படிப்பட்டவருடைய போதனைக் கேட்க பலர் கூடிவந்தார்கள். இதனை தவறுதலாக எடுத்துகொண்டு தன்னை திருத்தந்தையாக முன்னிறுத்த முயன்றார் இவர் இத்தனைக்கும் போந்தியன் திருத்தந்தையாக இருக்கும்போது. ஆனால், நடந்தது வேறொன்று. அது என்னவென்றால் உரோமை மன்னன் மாக்சிமினுஸ் ஹிப்போலிடஸ் செய்துவந்த குளறுபடிகளைப் பற்றிக் கேள்விப்பட்டு, அவரையும் திருத்தந்தை போந்தியன் இருந்த அதே இடத்திற்கு நாடு கடந்தினான். இதனால் மாற்றுக்கருத்து உடைய இருவரும் ஒரே இடத்தில் இருக்கவேண்டிய சூழ்நிலை உருவானது. நாட்கள் செல்லச் செல்லச் அவர்கள் இருவரும் ஒருவரோடு ஒருவர் சமரசம் செய்துகொண்டு, கடைசிவரைக்கும் அங்கே வாழ்ந்து இறந்தார்கள்.
