St. Joseph Thi
Feastday: October 24
Death: 1860
Martyr of Vietnam. He was a native soldier in the service of the king of Vietnam and was strangled to death for being a Christian. Pope John Paul II canonized him in 1988.
St. Evergislus
Feastday: October 24
Death: 5th century
Bishop of Cologne, Germany, and possibly a martyr. He was raised by St. Severinus in Tongres, Belgium, and eventually succeeded Severinus as bishop of Cologne. Evergislus was reported to have been beaten to death by pagan robbers, but there is some reason to question that he died from the assault, as there is a reference by St. Gregory of Tours that Evergislus took part in reforming a convent in Paris many years after his reported martyrdom.
St. Bernard of Calvo
Feastday: October 24
Birth: 1180
Death: 1243
Cistercian bishop in Spain. He was born in Manso Calvo in Catalan, Spain, where he was educated. Bernard became a Cistercian, and was made the first abbot of Santa Creus Monastery, near Tarragona. He became a bishop in 1233.
Bernat Calbó (or Calvó) (c. 1180 – 26 October 1243), sometimes called Bernard of Calvo, was a Catalan jurist, bureaucrat, monk, bishop, and soldier.
Born and educated in Manso Calvo near Reus, Bernat belonged to a family of the knightly class and early on served as a jurist and functionary at the curia of the Archdiocese of Tarragona. In 1214 he became a Cistercian monk at the monastery of Santes Creus, eventually being elected its first abbot and, in 1223 or 1233, Bishop of Vich. In 1238 he and his episcopal household joined the Crusade of Reconquista launched against the taifa of Valencia.[1]
Bernat brought material aid to the sieges of Burriana and Valencia. When the latter fell to the forces of James I of Aragon, Bernard and his troops joined the rest for a celebratory first Mass in the central mosque of the city. He received many grants of land in the Kingdom of Valencia, which he visited a second time in 1242. Still a jurist, he helped to publish the Valencian laws, the so-called Furs of Valencia, before his death at Vich in 1243. He was buried in the Cathedral of Vic.[1] In 1260 he was beatified by Pope Alexander IV and on 26 September 1710 he was canonised by Pope Clement XI. The Cistercians celebrate his feast day is on 24 October; the diocese of Vich on 26 October.[2] He is usually represented as a bishop in a Cistercian habit.
St. Anthony Mary Claret
✠ புனிதர் அந்தோனி மரிய கிளாரட் ✠
(St. Anthony Mary Claret)
பேராயர், நிறுவனர்:
(Archbishop and Founder)
பிறப்பு: டிசம்பர் 23, 1807
சல்லேன்ட், பார்சிலோனா, ஸ்பெயின்
(Sallent, Barcelona, Spain)
இறப்பு: அக்டோபர் 24, 1870 (வயது 62)
ஃபொன்ட், நர்பொன், ஃபிரான்ஸ்
(Fontfroide, Narbonne, France)
ஏற்கும் சமயம்:
ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்கத் திருச்சபை
(Roman Catholic Church)
அருளாளர் பட்டம்: ஃபெப்ரவரி 25, 1934
திருத்தந்தை பதினோராம் பயஸ்
(Pope Pius XI)
புனிதர் பட்டம்: மே 7, 1950
திருத்தந்தை பன்னிரண்டாம் பயஸ்
(Pope Pius XII)
முக்கிய திருத்தலங்கள்:
விச், ஸ்பெயின்
(Vic, Barcelona, Spain)
நினைவுத் திருவிழா: அக்டோபர் 24
பாதுகாவல்:
ஜவுளி வியாபாரிகள், நெசவுத் தொழிலாளி, சேமிப்புகள், கத்தோலிக்க அச்சகம், அமல மரியின் மறைப்போத மைந்தர் சபையினர், “கனரி தீவுகளின் மறைமாவட்டங்கள்” (Canary Islands), அமல மரியின் மறைப்போத மைந்தர் சபையின் மாணவர்கள், அமல மரியின் மறைப்போத மைந்தர் சபையின் கல்வியாளர்கள், அமல மரியின் மறைப்போத மைந்தர் சபையின் கல்வி நிறுவனங்கள், நிறுவனங்கள்.
புனிதர் அந்தோனி மரிய கிளாரட், ஸ்பெய்ன் நாட்டின் ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க பேராயரும், மறை போதகரும், நற்செய்தி பணியாளரும், ஆவார். இவர், ஸ்பெயின் நாட்டின் அரசியான “இரண்டாம் இஸபெல்லாவின்” (Isabella II) ஒப்புரவாளருமாவார் (Confessor). இறையன்பை, முக்கியமாக ஏழைகளுக்கும் ஒடுக்கப்பட்டவர்களுக்கும் வெளிப்படுத்தியவர். கி.பி. 1849ம் ஆண்டு, ஜூலை மாதம், 16ம் நாள் அன்று “கிளரீஷியன்ஸ்” (Claretians) என்று அழைக்கப்படும் “மரியாளின் அமலோற்பவ திருஇருதயத்தின் மறைபோதக மைந்தர்கள்” (Missionary Sons of the Immaculate Heart of Mary) என்ற சபையை நிறுவினார்.
வாழ்க்கைச் சுருக்கம்:
புனித அந்தோனி மரிய கிளாரட், ஸ்பெயினின் “சல்லேன்ட்” (Sallent) நகரில் ஒரு கம்பளி உற்பத்தியாளருக்கு (Woollen manufacturer) மகனாகப் பிறந்தார். இவரது தந்தையின் பெயர், “ஜுவான்” (Juan) ஆகும். தாயாரின் பெயர், “ஜோசெஃபா கிளாரெட்” (Josefa Claret) ஆகும். தமது பெற்றோரின் பதினோரு குழந்தைகளில் ஐந்தாவது குழந்தையான இவர், தாம் பிறந்த கிராமத்திலேயே ஆரம்பக் கல்வியைக் கற்றார். தனது 12வது வயதில் நெசவுத் தொழிலைக் கற்றுக் கொண்டார். பதினெட்டு வயதில் தமது வர்த்தகத்தில் நிபுணத்துவம் பெறுவதற்காக பார்சிலோனா (Barcelona) சென்றார். 20 வயது வரை அங்கேயே தங்கியிருந்த அந்தோணி, தமது ஓய்வு நேரத்தில் இலத்தீன், (Latin) இலத்தீன், மற்றும் பிரெஞ்சு (French) மொழிகளைக் கற்று தேர்ச்சி பெற்றார். அத்துடன் சிற்பங்கள் செதுக்கும் (Engraving) பணியும் கற்றார்.
ஆன்மீக வாழ்க்கைக்கு தாம் அழைக்கப்படுவதை உணர்ந்த அந்தோணி, அதில் பெரிதும் நாட்டம் கொண்டவராய், பார்சிலோனாவை விட்டுப் புறப்பட்டார். “கார்தூசியன்” துறவியாவதற்கு முனைந்த இவர், இறுதியில் கி.பி. 1829ம் ஆண்டு, “விக்” (Vic) எனுமிடத்திலுள்ள மறைமாவட்ட குருத்துவ கல்லூரியில் சேர்ந்தார்.
கி.பி. 1835ம் ஆண்டு, ஜூன் மாதம், 13ம் தேதி, பதுவைப் புனிதர் அந்தோனியார் (St. Anthony of Padua) நினைவுத் திருவிழாவன்று குருத்துவ அருட்பொழிவு பெற்றார். தொடர்ந்து கி.பி. 1839 வரை இறையியல் கற்றுத் தேர்ந்தார். மறைபோதக பணியின்பால் கொண்ட ஆர்வத்தால் ரோம் பயணமானார். அங்கே, இயேசு சபை புகுமுக பயிற்சியில் (Jesuit novitiate) இணைந்தார். ஆனால் திடீரென நோயுற்ற காரணத்தால் அங்கிருந்து வெளியேறினார். பின்னர் ஸ்பெயின் திரும்பிய இவர், “விலட்று” மற்றும் கிரோனா” (Viladrau and Girona) ஆகிய இடங்களில் தமது மறைப்பணியாற்றினார்.
அவருடைய உயர் துறவியரால் திரும்ப அழைக்கப்பட்ட அந்தோனி, ஃபிரெஞ்ச் படையெடுப்பால் பாதிக்கப்பட்டிருந்த “கட்டலோனியா” (Catalonia) பிராந்தியங்களில் திருத்தூது பணிகளுக்காக அனுப்பப்பட்டார். கட்டலோனியா பிராந்தியம் முழுதும் மறைப்போதகப் பணிப் பயணங்களை கால்நடையாகவே மேற்கொண்டார். ஒரு மறை போதகர் “கேட்டலன்” (Catalan) மொழியில் சரளமாக சொற்பொழிவாற்றுகிறார் என்பதை அறிந்த மக்கள், தொலை தூர இடங்களிலிருந்து வந்து அவரது மறையுரைகளை கேட்டனர்.
ஊடகத்துறையின் முக்கியத்துவத்தை உணர்ந்த அவர் கி.பி. 1847ம் ஆண்டு ஒரு சில குருக்களோடு சேர்ந்து கத்தோலிக்க அச்சகம் ஒன்றை நிறுவினார். அவர் எண்ணில்லாத புத்தகங்களையும் துண்டுப் பிரசுரங்களையும் எழுதி வெளியிட்டார்.
கி.பி. 1848ம் ஆண்டு, ஸ்பெயினில் அரசியல் வன்முறைகள் அதிகரிக்க அதிகரிக்க மத குருக்களின் எதிரிகளால் கிளாரெட்டின் உயிருக்கு அச்சுறுத்தல் ஏற்பட்டது. அதனால் அவர் “கனரி தீவுகளுக்கு” (Canary Islands) அனுப்பப்பட்டார். அங்கே பதினைந்து மாதங்கள் தியானங்களைப் போதித்தார். கனேரிய தீவுகளில் அவரின் பணி சிறந்த பயனை அளித்தது. இருந்தும் அவர் ஸ்பெயினுக்கே மீண்டும் சென்று தனது பணியைத் தொடர விரும்பினார்.
மீண்டும் ஸ்பெயின் திரும்பிய கிளரெட், 1949ம் ஆண்டு, ஜூலை மாதம், 16ம் நாள், கார்மேல் அன்னையின் திருவிழா தினத்தன்று, ஐந்து குருக்களோடு சேர்ந்து, இன்று “கிளரீஷியன்ஸ்” (Claretians) என்று அழைக்கப்படும் “மரியாளின் அமலோற்பவ திருஇருதயத்தின் மறைபோதக மைந்தர்கள்” (Missionary Sons of the Immaculate Heart of Mary) என்ற சபையை நிறுவினார். 1865ம் ஆண்டு, டிசம்பர் மாதம், 22ம் நாள், திருத்தந்தை “ஒன்பதாம் பயஸ்” (Pope Pius IX) இச்சபைக்கு அங்கீகாரமளித்தார்.
“பார்சிலோனாவில்” (Barcelona) மிகப் பெரும் சமய நூலகம் ஒன்றை நிறுவினார். “Librería Religiosa” என்று அழைக்கப்பட்ட இந்நூலகம், இன்று “கிளாரட் நூலகம்” (Llibreria Claret) என அழைக்கப்படுகிறது. இதன் மூலம் பழைய கத்தோலிக்க நூல்கள் பலவற்றை மிகக் குறைந்த விலையில் அச்சிட்டு வெளியிட்டார்.
பல ஆண்டுகள் கட்டலோனியாப் பகுதி (Cathlonia) எங்கும் சென்று மறைப்பணியாளராக பணியாற்றினார். கி.பி. 1849ம் ஆண்டு, ஸ்பெயின் அரசின் வேண்டுகோளின்படி, திருத்தந்தை ஒன்பதாம் பயஸ், இவரை “கியூபாவிலுள்ள” (Cuba) “சந்தியாகு” (Santiago) உயர்மறைமாவட்டத்தின் பேராயராக நியமித்தார்.
கி.பி. 1857ம் ஆண்டு, ஸ்பெயின் அரசி “இரண்டாம் இஸபெல்லாவின்” (Isabella II) ஒப்புரவு அருட்சாதன குருவாக நியமிக்கப்பட்டார். இவர் மக்களின் மீட்புக்காக மிக திறம்பட உழைத்தவர் என்னும் பாராட்டுக்கு உரியவரானார். ஸ்பெயின் நாட்டின் துறவுப்பள்ளியின் (Escorial monastic school) அதிபராக ஒன்பது வருடங்கள் பணியாற்றிய கிளாரெட், அங்கே ஒரு அறிவியல் ஆய்வுக்கூடம், இயற்கை வரலாற்றின் அருங்காட்சியகம், ஒரு வாசகசாலை, கல்லூரிகள் மற்றும் சங்கீத பள்ளிகள் ஆகியவற்றை நிறுவினார்.
கி.பி. 1868ம் வருடம், அங்கே நடந்த ஒரு புதிய புரட்சி, அரசி இரண்டாம் இஸபெல்லாவின் ஆட்சியை கவிழ்த்தது. அரசியும் அவரது குடும்பத்தினரும் நாடு கடத்தப்பட்டனர். கிளாரேட்டின் வாழ்க்கையும் ஆபத்துக்குள்ளானது. அவரும் அரசியின் குடும்பத்துடன் இணைந்து ஃபிரான்ஸ் சென்றார். இது, பாரிஸ் நகரில் மறை போதனைகளையும் நற்செய்திகளையும் பிரசங்கிக்க அவருக்கு ஒரு நல்ல சந்தர்ப்பமாக அமைந்தது. சிறிது காலம் அங்கேயே இருந்த கிளாரெட், ரோம் சென்றார்.
ஸ்பெயின் நாட்டிற்கு திரும்ப வந்தபோது, தொடர்ந்து திருச்சபைக்காக பல துன்பங்களை பொறுமையுடன் ஏற்றார். கி.பி. 1869ம் ஆண்டு, இவர் முதலாம் வத்திக்கான் பொதுச்சங்க கூட்டத்திற்கு செல்லும்போது இறந்தார். இவரின் உடல் ஸ்பெயின் நாட்டில் உள்ள “விக்” (Vic) என்ற ஊரிலுள்ள பேராலயத்தில் அடக்கம் செய்யப்பட்டுள்ளது.
Feastday: October 24
Patron: of Textile Merchants, Weavers, Savings, Catholic press, Claretians Missionary Sons of the Immaculate Heart of Mary, Diocese of the Canary Islands , Claretian Students , Claretian Educators, Technical and Vocational Educators
Birth: 1807
Death: 1870
Claretian archbishop and founder. Anthony was born in Salient in Catalonia, Spain, in 1807, the son of a weaver. He took up weaving but then studied for the priesthood, desiring to be a Jesuit. Ill health prevented his entering the Order, and he served as a secular priest. In 1849, he founded the Missionary Sons of the Immaculate Heart of Mary, known today as the Claretians, and the Apostolic Training Institute of the Immaculate Conception, Claretian nuns. From 1850 to 1857, Anthony served as the archbishop of Santiago de Cuba, Cuba. He returned to the court of Queen Isabella II as confessor, and went into exile with her in 1868. In 1869 and 1870, Anthony participated in the First Vatican Council. He died in the Cistercian monastery of Fontfroide in southern France on October 24, 1870. Anthony Mary Claret had the gift of prophecy and performed many miracles. He was opposed by the liberal forces of Spain and Cuba and endured many trials.
Anthony Mary Claret (Catalan: Antoni Maria Claret i Clarà; Spanish: Antonio María Claret y Clarà; December 23, 1807 – October 24, 1870) was a Spanish Roman Catholic archbishop and missionary, and was confessor of Isabella II of Spain. He founded the congregation of Missionary Sons of the Immaculate Heart of Mary, commonly called the Claretians. In addition to the Claretians, which in the early 21st century had over 450 houses and 3100 members, with missions in five continents, Claret founded or drew up the rules of several communities of religious sisters. His zealous life and the wonders he wrought, both before and after his death, testified to his sanctity. Claret is the patron saint of weavers.
Life
Anthony Maria Claret i Clarà was born in Sallent, in the county of Bages in the Province of Barcelona, on December 23, 1807, the fifth of the eleven children of Juan and Josefa Claret. His father was a woollen manufacturer. As a child he enjoyed pilgrimages to the nearby Shrine of Our Lady of Fussimanya.[1][2]
Claret received an elementary education in his native village, and at the age of twelve became a weaver. At the age of eighteen, he went to Barcelona to specialize in his trade as a Jacquard loom programmer, and remained there until he was 20 years old. Meanwhile, he devoted his spare time to study and became proficient in Latin, French and engraving.[3]
Frightened that his love of programming was causing him to become obsessed and burned out, and recognizing a call to religious life, he left Barcelona. He wished to become a Carthusian monk but finally entered the diocesan seminary at Vic in 1829, and was ordained on June 13, 1835, on the feast of St. Anthony of Padua. He received a benefice in his native parish, where he continued to study theology until 1839; but as missionary work strongly appealed to him, he proceeded to Rome. There he entered the Jesuit novitiate but had to leave due to ill health. He then returned to Spain and exercised his pastoral ministry in Viladrau and Girona, attracting notice through his efforts on behalf of the poor.[4] In an area despoiled by the Carlist civil war, he added the practice of rustic medicine to his other endeavors.
Recalled by his superiors to Vic, Claret was sent as Apostolic Missionary throughout Catalonia which had suffered from French invasions. He travelled from one mission to the next on foot. An eloquent preacher fluent in the Catalan language, he drew people from miles around. After a lengthy time in the pulpit, he would spend long hours in the confessional. He was said to have had the gift of discernment of consciences. In 1848 Claret's life was threatened by anti-clerical enemies and he was sent to the Canary Islands where he gave retreats for 15 months. His missions were so well attended that he often preached from an improvised pulpit in the plaza before the church.[1]
Claretians
On his return to Spain, he established the Congregation of the Missionary Sons of the Immaculate Heart of Mary (The Claretians) on July 16, 1849, the Feast of Our Lady of Mount Carmel, and founded the great religious library at Barcelona which was called "Librería Religiosa" (now "Librería Claret").[4] Pope Pius IX gave approval to the congregation on December 22, 1865.[5]
Archbishop
Pope Pius IX, at the request of the Spanish crown (Queen-regnant Isabella II of Spain), appointed him archbishop of Santiago, Cuba, in 1849. He was consecrated at Vic in October 1850. Before he embarked, he made three separate pilgrimages: to Our Lady of the Pillar, patroness of Spain; to the Virgin of Montserrat, patroness of Catalonia; and to Our Lady of Fussimanya, near his home village.[1]
The Santiago seminary was reorganized, clerical discipline strengthened, and over 9,000 marriages validated within the first two years of his arrival. He erected a hospital and numerous schools. Three times he made a visitation of the entire diocese, giving local missions incessantly.[4] Among his great initiatives were trade or vocational schools for disadvantaged children and credit unions for the use of the poor. He wrote books about rural spirituality and agricultural methods, which he himself tested first. On August 25, 1855, he founded the Religious of Mary Immaculate together with Maria Antonia Paris. The congregation was considered as the first women religious institute in Cuba. He also visited jails and hospitals, defended the oppressed and denounced racism. His work stirred up opposition and at Holguín his cheek was stabbed by a would-be assassin, who was associated with freemasonry.[5] Claret obtained a commutation of the assailant's death sentence to a term in prison.[6]
Claret was an exceptional preacher with incredible charisms: witnesses said his body would become transfigured while preaching or in prayer, he would levitate up to six feet off the ground at times in front of credible witnesses, he stopped a series of earthquakes in Cuba by kneeling on the ground and placing his palms to the earth while uttering prayers, he could calm terrible storms by raising a hand to the sky and blessing the storm clouds, he experienced apparitions of both Jesus and Mary, and was even seen walking on water. In addition, a supernatural light that radiated from his body while he was saying Mass was seen by many. It was so intense at times that one witness said he saw the light radiate from his body behind the altar all the way to the sacristy. Queen Isabella of Spain even produced a written statement solemnly declaring that she had personally witnessed this phenomenon.[7]
On September 3, 1859, Claret claimed he had heard Jesus tell him that there were three great evils that were descending upon mankind: the first was a series of enormous, horrifying wars; the second, the four powerful demons of pleasure, love of money, false reasoning and a will separated from God. Finally, in addition to a grievance he had with certain Christians who had left the church, Jesus told Claret that the third chastisement would be brought about by Communism, an unknown, fledgling movement that only had hundreds of followers at the time.[8]
Two years after the September 3 warning, during benediction of the Blessed Sacrament in August 1861, Claret again said he was warned interiorly by Jesus that Communism was to be the great foe of humanity. The remedy, Jesus told him, would include devotion to the Blessed Sacrament (also known as the Eucharist) and the Rosary.[8]
In February 1857, Claret was recalled to Spain by Queen Isabella II, who made him her confessor. He obtained permission to resign his Cuban see and was appointed to the titular see of Trajanopolis. His influence was now directed solely to help the poor and to propagate learning; he lived frugally and took up his residence in an Italian hospice. For nine years he was rector of the Escorial monastic school, where he established a scientific laboratory, a museum of natural history, a library, college and schools of music and languages. In 1868, a new revolution dethroned the queen and sent her with her family into exile. Claret's life was also in danger, so he accompanied her to France.[5] This gave him the opportunity to preach the Gospel in Paris. He stayed with them for a while, then went to Rome where he was received by Pope Pius IX.
He continued his popular missions and distribution of books wherever he went in accompanying the Spanish Court. When Isabella recognized the new, secular government of a united Italy, he left the Court and hastened to take his place by the side of the pope. At the latter's command, however, he returned to Madrid with faculties for absolving the queen from the censures she had incurred.[4]
Last years
In 1869 he went to Rome to prepare for the First Vatican Council. Owing to failing health he withdrew to Prada de Conflent in the French Pyrenees, where he was still harassed by his Spanish enemies; shortly afterwards he retired to the Cistercian abbey at Fontfroide, Narbonne, southern France, where he died on October 24, 1870, aged 62.
His remains were buried in the Catalan city of Vic, in the County of Osona.
Works
Anthony Mary Claret wrote 144 books. By his sermons and writings he contributed greatly to bring about the revival of the Catalan language, although most of his works were published in Spanish, especially during his stay in Cuba and Madrid.
His printed works number more than one hundred, including "La escala de Jacob"; "Máximas de moral la más pura"; "Avisos"; "Catecismo explicado con láminas"; "La llave de oro"; "Selectos panegíricos" (11 volumes); "Sermones de misión" (3 volumes); "Misión de la mujer"; "Vida de Sta. Mónica"; "La Virgen del Pilar y los Francmasones."
In addition to the Claretians, which in the early 21st century had over 450 houses and 3100 members, with missions in five continents, Archbishop Claret founded or drew up the rules of several communities of religious sisters.
Veneration
His zealous life and the wonders he wrought, both before and after his death, testified to his sanctity. Information was sought in 1887 and he was declared venerable by Pope Leo XIII in 1899. His relics were transferred to the mission house at Vic in 1897, at which time his heart was found incorrupt. His grave is visited by many pilgrims.
Anthony Mary Claret was beatified in Rome by Pope Pius XI on February 24, 1934. He was canonized 16 years later by Pope Pius XII on May 7, 1950.[9][10] Pope John XXIII included him in the General Roman Calendar in 1960, and fixed his feast on October 23, where it remained for nine years until the 1969 revision of the calendar moved it to the day of his death, October 24, which had been the feast of Saint Raphael the Archangel since 1921.
Anthony Mary Claret is the patron saint of weavers.[6]
Educational legacy
Many educational institutions ranging from kindergarten to undergraduate school are named after Claret and run by the Claretians in Europe, South America, Africa and Asia. They are located in Catalonia (Barcelona, Valls and Sabadell), rest of Spain (Madrid, Gran Canaria,[11] Sevilla,[12] and Valencia), Colombia (Cali), Dominican Republic (Santo Domingo), Peru (Trujillo, Huancayo, Arequipa and Lima), Argentina (Buenos Aires[13] and Bahía Blanca), Venezuela (Caracas,[14] Maracaibo and Mérida), Equatorial Guinea (Malabo), Chile (Temuco[15]), Costa Rica (Heredia[16]), the Philippines (Zamboanga City,[17] Quezon City[18]), India (Ziro), and Bangalore.
Saint Luigi Guanella
புனித_லூயிஸ்_குவனெல்லா
(1842-1925)
அக்டோபர் 24
இவர் (#St_Louis_Guenella) இத்தாலியைச் சார்ந்தவர். இவரது குடும்பம் எளிய குடும்பமாக இருந்தாலும், இறை நம்பிக்கையில் சிறந்ததொரு குடும்பமாக இருந்தது.
இவர் தனது பன்னிரண்டாவது வயதில் குடுமடத்தில் சேர்ந்து, இருபத்து நான்காம் வயதில் குருவாக அருள்பொழிவு செய்யப்பட்டார்.
குருவான பின்பு இவர், சாவோக்னோ (Savogno) என்ற இடத்தில் பங்குப் பணியாளராகப் பணியாற்றினார். பின்னர் இவர் புனித ஜான் போஸ்கோவோடு சேர்ந்து தெருவோரச் சிறுவர்களின் நல்வாழ்விற்காகப் பணி செய்தார்.
மீண்டுமாகப் பங்குப் பணியாளராகப் பணியாற்றத் தொடங்கிய இவர் இளைஞர்கள், ஏழைகள், அனாதைகள், சிறப்புக் குழந்தைகள் ஆகியோரின் வாழ்வு ஏற்றம்காண உழைத்தார். இவரால் பயன்பெறுவோரின் எண்ணிக்கை ஒவ்வொரு நாளும் பெருகிக்கொண்டே போனது. அவர்களுக்கெல்லாம் சிறந்தவிதமாய்ப் பணிபுரிய இவர் ஆண், பெண் என இருபாலருக்கும் துறவு மடத்தைத் தொடங்கினார்.
இவர் மிகப்பெரிய எழுத்தாளராகவும் மறைப்போதகராகவும் விளங்கினார். கடவுள் தனக்குக் கொடுத்த இந்தத் தாலந்துகளைக் கொண்டு இவர் பல ஆன்மாக்களை மீட்டார்.
1912 ஆம் ஆண்டு அமெரிக்காவிற்குச் சென்ற இவர், அங்கிருந்த புலம்பெயர்ந்த மக்கள் நடுவில் பணிசெய்தார்.
இப்படி அயராது ஆண்டவருடைய பணியையும், மக்கள் பணியையும் செய்த இவர் 1925 ஆம் ஆண்டு இறையடி சேர்ந்தார். இவருக்கு 1964 ஆம் ஆண்டு அருளாளர் பட்டமும், 2011 ஆம் ஆண்டு திருத்தந்தை பதினாறாம் பெனடிக்ட் அவர்களால் புனிதர் பட்டமும் கொடுக்கப்பட்டன.
Also known as
• Aloisius Guanella
• Aloysius Guanella
• Don Luigi
• Louis Guanella
• Ludovicus Guanella
Profile
Ninth of thirteen children born to Lawrence and Maria Guanella, a poor but pious family. Luigi entered seminary at age twelve, and was ordained on 26 May 1866. He worked with Saint John Bosco from 1875 to 1878 to care for homeless children. Youth director in Turin, Italy. Parish priest in Traona, Itay, where he opened a school for the poor; local anti-Catholic Masons forced its closure in 1881.
Parish priest in Pianello del Lario, Italy in 1881 where he founded an orphanage and nursing home. In 1886 the need had outgrown the facility, and Father Luigi moved the home to a larger building which he called the Little House of Divine Providence. There he founded the Daughters of Saint Mary of Providence to minister to the residents; the congregation received papal approval in 1917, and today has over 1,200 sisters working in over 100 homes. In 1908 Luigi founded a men's congregation, the Servants of Charity (Guanellians) which received papal approval in 1928 and 1935, and today has over 500 brothers in over 50 houses.
Father Luigi never bothered to retire, continuing to write meditations and inspirational works, and mininster to those in need. Friend and advisor to Blessed Andrea Carlo Ferrari and Pope Saint Pius X. He reclaimed marsh land in the Sondrio region, and built an institute for the handicapped. He worked in the United States with Italian immigrants in 1912. In 1913 he founded the Confraternity of Saint Joseph whose mission is to pray for the dying, and which today has 10 million members. In 1915, just months before his death, Luigi went into the fields to minister to those who had been harmed by a series of earthquakes in the region.
Born
9 December 1842 in Fraciscio di Campodolcino, Sondrio, diocese of Como, Italy
Died
24 October 1915 in Como, Italy of complications from a stroke he suffered on 27 September 1915
Canonized
23 October 2011 by Pope Benedict XVI
Saint Proclus of Constantinople
Profile
Lector while still a student. Secretary to and spiritual student of Saint John Chrysostom. Priest. Archbishop of Cyzicus, by the people of that city saw him as being under the control of Constantinople, and refused to accept him. Noted preacher in Constantinople. When Nestorius was chosen patriarch of Constantinople and began openly spreading the teachings that became known as the Nestorian heresy, Proclus continued to preach orthodox Christianity. Archbishop of Constantinople in 434. Friend and frequent correspondent with Saint Cyril of Alexandria. The Armenian bishops turned to him for analysis of the writings of other leaders. Noted for his forgiveness of heretics who wished to return to the Church, but his defense of and insistence on adherance to the true teachings of the Church. Many of his letters, sermons and teachings have survived. Hands-on leader of his clergy and minister to his flock following a destructive earthquake in early 447 that led many to live in open fields for fear of collapsing buildings; legend says that he led the people in prayers that stopped the quakes.
Born
Constantinople (modern Istanbul, Turkey)
Died
24 October 447 in the area of modern Turkey of natural causes
Saint Senoch
Also known as
Sassena, Sassenay, Seno, Sénoch, Senoco, Senócus
Profile
Son of pagan parents. In his early 20's he became the spiritual student of Saint Martin de Vertou, and converted to Christianity. Hermit whose wisdom and piety attracted would-be students for whom he founded a monastic community; Blessed Euphronius of Tours consecrated the altar of the monastery church, and ordained Senoch as a deacon. Benedictine monk. Abbot. Ordained a priest at Tours, Neustria (in modern France). A miracle worker with the gift of healing by prayer, he returned to his home town and openly tried to impress people with his power and wisdom; they ran him out of town, he took it as a learning experience, and devoted himself to his house and his own spirituality. Friend of Saint Gregory of Tours who was forced to publicly chastise Senoch for paying more attention to his own spiritual practices than the running of his house or the spiritual growth of his monks.
Born
536 in Tiffauges, Poitou, Gaul (in modern France)
Died
• 576 in his at Varennes (modern Saint-Senoch), Indre-et-Loire, Touraine, France from a fever that lasted three days
• relics transferred to Sassenay, Burgundy, France in the 9th century to protect them from Norman invaders
Patronage
• Saint-Senoch, France
• Sassenay, France
Blessed Benigna Cardoso da Silva
Profile
The youngest of four children born to José Cardoso da Silva and Thereza Maria da Silva; her father died before she was born, her mother before Benigna was a year old, and she and her brother were then adopted by another family. Benigna was known as a pious girl, always willing to help at home and school, a good student who would interfere when other childen were being cruel or destructive, and was brought to tears whenever she saw a classmate punished. She was murdered fighting off a rapist, she is considered a martyr to chastity.
Born
15 October 1928 in Sítio Oitis, Santana do Cariri, Ceará, Brazil
Died
• slashed and beaten with a machete by Raimundo "Raul" Alves Ribeiro at about 4pm on 24 October 1941 in Sítio Oitis, Santana do Cariri, Ceará, Brazil
• buried in the São Miguel Cemetery in Ceará
• re-interred at the parish church of Senhora Sant'Ana in Ceará on 26 May 2012
Beatified
• 21 October 2020 by Pope Francis
• beatification recognition celebrated at the Cathedral of Nossa Snhora da Penha, Creato, Brazil, presided by Cardinal Giovanni Angelo Becciu
Saint Martin of Vertou
Also known as
Apostle of the Herbauges
Profile
Born wealthy, to a family well-known in his region. Ordained a deacon by Saint Felix. Noted for his lack of skill as a preacher. Hermit in the Dumen forest at Brittany. There his obvious sanctity attracted so many followers that he was forced found Vertou abbey near Nantes, France and serve as its first abbot; legend says he was led to the site of the monastery by an angel. Later founded Saint Jouin-de-Marne abbey, the convent at Durieu, and assisted in the founding of other houses. Reported miracle worker.
Born
527 at Nantes, France
Died
601 at Durieu, France of natural causes
Blessed Giuseppe Baldo
Also known as
Joseph Baldo
Profile
Sixth of nine children. Priest in the archdiocese of Verona, Italy. Founded the Sisters of Charity of Saint Mary in 1882. Founded the Little Sisters of Saint Joseph in 1894.
Born
19 February 1843 in Puegnago, Brescia, Italy
Died
24 October 1915 in Ronco all'Adige, Verona, Italy of natural causes
Beatified
31 October 1989 by Pope John Paul II in Rome, Italy
Saint Maglorius of Wales
Also known as
Magloire, Maelor, Maglorio
Profile
Monk. Went to Brittany with Saint Samson of York. Abbot of Lammeur Abbey. Bishop of Dol, France. Built and retired to a monastery on Sark in the Channel Islands.
Born
southern Wales
Died
c.575
Patronage
Sark
Saint Fortunatus of Thibiuca
Also known as
Fortunato
Additional Memorial
4 May (translation of relics)
Profile
Martyred in the persecutions of Diocletian when he refused to give up copies of scripture for destruction.
Died
• beheaded on 24 October 303 in Venosa, Italy
• relics enshrined in the church of Our Lady of Sorrows, Bari, Italy
Saint Ruma of Najran
Profile
Christian princess of the city of Nagrana (modern Najran, Saudi Arabia). She, her husband and children were part of the Martyrs of Najran who were killed by order of Dhu Nuwas, king of the Omeritani who had converted to Judaism and demanded that everyone in his kingdom do so, too.
Died
beheaded in 523 at Nagrana (modern Najran, Saudi Arabia)
Saint Areta of Najran
Profile
Christian prince of the city of Nagrana (modern Najran, Saudi Arabia). He, his wife and children were part of the Martyrs of Najran who were killed by order of Dhu Nuwas, king of the Omeritani who had converted to Judaism and demanded that everyone in his kingdom do so, too.
Died
beheaded in 523 at Nagrana (modern Najran, Saudi Arabia)
Saint Giuse Lê Dang Thi
Also known as
Joseph Thi
Profile
Layman. Soldier. Captain in the army of King Tu-duc. Convert. Martyr.
Born
c.1825 in Ke Van, Quang Tri, Vietnam
Died
strangled to death on 25 October 1860 at An Hòa, Quang Nam, Vietnam
Canonized
19 June 1988 by Pope John Paul II
Blessed Amado García Sánchez
Profile
Vincentian priest. Martyred in the Spanish Civil War.
Born
29 April 1903 in Moscardón, Teruel, Spain
Died
24 October 1936 in Gijón, Asturias, Spain
Beatified
13 October 2013 by Pope Francis
Saint Evergislus of Cologne
Also known as
Ebregesilus, Ebregisilo, Evergisio, Evergisius, Evergislo
Profile
Fifth-century bishop of Cologne, Germany. Murdered by heathen robbers. Martyr.
Saint Felix of Thibiuca
Also known as
Felix Africanus
Profile
Bishop of Thibiuca in North Africa. Martyred in the persecutions of Diolcetian for refusing to surrender sacred books for destruction.
Died
303
Saint Marcius of Monte Cassino
Also known as
Mark, Martin
Profile
Hermit at Monte Cassino Abbey. Hermit in a a on Mount Massicus.
Died
c.679 in Mondragone, Italy of natural causes
Saint Fromundus of Coutances
Also known as
Fromondo, Fromundo
Profile
Monk. Abbot. Bishop of Coutances, France.
Died
c.690
Saint Audactus of Thibiuca
Also known as
Adauctus
Profile
Martyred in the persecutions of Diocletian.
Died
303
Saint Ciriacus of Hierapolis
Profile
Martyr.
Died
Hierapolis, Phrygia (in modern Turkey)
Saint Claudian of Hierapolis
Profile
Martyr.
Died
Hierapolis, Phrygia (in modern Turkey)
Saint Januarius of Thibiuca
Profile
Martyred in the persecutions of Diocletian.
Died
303
Saint Septimus of Thibiuca
Profile
Martyred in the persecutions of Diocletian.
Died
303
Saint Cadfarch
Profile
Sixth-century spiritual student of Saint Iltyd. Founded churches in Penegoes and Abererch in Wales.
Martyrs of Ephesus
Profile
Three Christians martyred together. All we know about them are the names Mark, Sotericus and Valentina.
Died
• stoned to death near Ephesus, Asia Minor (in modern Turkey)
• relics enshrined on the island of Tasos
Martyrs of Najran
Also known as
Martyrs of Nagrana
Profile
342 priests, religious and lay people who were martyred together by order of Dhu Nuwas, king of the Omeritani who had converted to Judaism and demanded that everyone in the his kingdom do so, too.
Died
beheaded or burned alive in 523 at Nagrana (modern Najran, Saudi Arabia)
