புனிதர்களை பெயர் வரிசையில் தேட

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17 March 2025

இன்றைய புனிதர்கள் மார்ச் 18

 Saint Cyril of Jerusalem

புனிதர் சிரில் 

ஆயர்/ ஒப்புரவாளர்/ மறைவல்லுநர்:

பிறப்பு: கி.பி. 313

ரோமானிய பாலஸ்தீனிய பிரதான நகரங்களில் ஒன்றான இஸ்ரேலின் மெடிட்டெரேனியன் கரையோரத்தில் உள்ள, “சீசரே மாரிடிமா” எனும் ஒரு பண்டைய துறைமுகம் அருகில், சிரியா பாலஸ்தீனம் (தற்போதைய இஸ்ரேல்)

(Possibly near “Caesarea Maritima”, an ancient port on the Mediterranean coast of Israel, one of the principal cities of Roman Palestine, Syria Palaestina (Modern-day Israel)

இறப்பு: கி.பி. 386 (வயது 73)

எருசலேம், சிரியா பாலஸ்தீனம்

ஏற்கும் சமயம்:

ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை

கிழக்கு மரபுவழி திருச்சபை

ஓரியண்டல் மரபுவழி திருச்சபை

ஆங்கிலிக்கன் சமூகம்

லூதரன் திருச்சபை

நினைவுத் திருநாள்: மார்ச் 18

தற்போதைய காலகட்டத்தில் திருச்சபைக்குள்ள நெருக்கடிகள் - அந்நாளைய நான்காம் நூற்றாண்டில் கிறிஸ்தவத்திற்கு எதிரான கொள்கைகளைக்கொண்ட ஆரியர்களால் (Arian heresy) திருச்சபைக்கு நேரிட்ட நெருக்கடிகளுக்கும் பயமுறுத்தல்களுக்கும் முன்னே மிகவும் சாதாரணமானதேயாகும். கிறிஸ்துவின் தெய்வீகத்தன்மையையே மறுதலித்த ஆரியர்கள் கிட்டத்தட்ட கிறிஸ்தவத்தை இல்லாது செய்தனர்.

புனிதர் சிரில், ஆரம்பகால திருச்சபையின் புகழ்பெற்ற இறையியலாளராக விளங்கினார். அனைத்துக் கிறிஸ்தவ திருச்சபைகளாலும் புனிதராக கொண்டாடப்பட்ட இவர், பாலஸ்தீனிய கிறிஸ்தவ சமூகத்தினரால் மிகவும் உயர்வாக மதிக்கப்பட்டவர். இவர், கி.பி. 1883ம் ஆண்டு, திருத்தந்தை பதின்மூன்றாம் லியோ (Pope Leo XIII) அவர்களால் திருச்சபையின் மறைவல்லுனர் என பிரகடணம் செய்விக்கப்பட்டார்.

"மாக்ஸிமசுக்குப் (Maximus) பின்னர் இவர் ஜெருசலேம் நகரின் ஆயராக பொறுப்பேற்றார். ஆனால், ஆரியனிச (Arians) ஆயர் "அகஸியஸ்" (Acacius of Caesarea) என்பவரது பகைமையாலும் பல்வேறு பேரரசர்களின் மாறுபட்ட கொள்கைகளாலும் இவர் ஒன்றுக்கும் மேற்பட்ட சந்தர்ப்பங்களில் நாடு கடத்தப்பட்டார்.

பாலஸ்தீன நகரில் அல்லது அதன் அருகாமையில் பிறந்த சிரில், சிறப்பாக கல்வி கற்றார். ஜெருசலேம் நகரின் ஆயர், புனிதர் "மகாரியஸ்" (St. Macarius of Jerusalem) அவர்களால் கி.பி. 335ம் ஆண்டு திருத்தொண்டராக அருட்பொழிவு செய்யப்பட்டார். சுமார் எட்டு ஆண்டுகளின் பின்னர் அருட்தந்தையாக அருட்பொழிவு செய்யப்பட்டார். கி.பி. சுமார் 350ம் ஆண்டின் பிற்பகுதியில் "மாக்ஸிமசுக்குப் (Maximus) பின்னர் ஜெருசலேம் நகரின் ஆயராக பொறுப்பேற்றார்.

அவர் ஜெருசலேமின் ஆயராகப் பொறுப்பேற்ற சூழ்நிலை பற்றி முரண்பட்ட தகவல்கள் உள்ளன. பிராந்திய ஆயர்களால் அவர் முறையாக அருட்பொழிவு செய்யப்பட்டார் எனவும், அதற்கு எதிராகவும் தகவல்கள் நிலவின. அவருக்கு எதிரான மற்றும் விரோதங்களைக்கொண்ட ஆரியனிச ஆயரான "அகஸியஸ்" சிரிலுக்கு எதிராக போர்க்கொடி தூக்கினான். ஜெருசலேம் திருச்சபையில் சிரிலுக்கு முக்கியத்துவம் அதிகரிப்பது கண்டு பொறாமை கொண்டான். ஜெருசலேம் கிறிஸ்தவர்களின் முக்கிய ஸ்தலமாகவும் யாத்திரை ஸ்தலமாகவும் மாறுவது கண்டு மென்மேலும் பொறாமை கொண்டான். தேவாலயங்களின் பொது சொத்துக்களை சிரில் விற்பதாக குற்றம் சாட்டினான். ஒருமுறை, ஜெருசலேம் நகரில் உணவுப் பற்றாக்குறையினால் பஞ்சம் ஏற்பட்டது. தமது மக்களுக்கு உணவுப்பொருட்களை வாங்குவதற்காக அவர் அங்ஙனம் செய்ததாக ஒரு நம்பிக்கை நிலவியது.

சிரில் மீதுள்ள குற்றங்களுக்கான விசாரணைக்காக "அகஸியஸ்" 'அழைப்பாணை' (Summons) அனுப்பினான். ஆனால், இரண்டு வருடம் வரை சிரில் அவற்றினை எதிர்த்தார். ஆனால், அகஸியஸின் செல்வாக்கின் காரணமாக கூடிய விசாரணை சபை, கி.பி. 357ம் ஆண்டு, சிரில் இல்லாத சமயம் பார்த்து அவரை பதவி இறக்கம் செய்தது. சிரில் "டாரஸ்" ஆயர் "சில்வானஸ்" (Silvanus) என்பவருடன் தஞ்சமடைந்தார்.


கி.பி. 359ம் ஆண்டு, சூழ்நிலைகள் அகஸியஸுக்கு எதிராக மாறின. அப்போது கூடிய "செலூஸியா" (Council of Seleucia) விசாரணை சபை, சிரிலின் ஆயர் பதவியை உறுதி செய்ததுடன், அகஸியசை பதிவியிறக்கம் செய்து தீர்ப்பளித்தது. இருப்பினும் 360ம் ஆண்டு, இத்தீர்ப்பு பேரரசன் "கான்ஸ்டன்ஷியசால்" (Emperor Constantius) மாற்றி எழுதப்பட்டது. சிரில் மீண்டும் தண்டனைக்குள்ளானார். ஜெருசலேமிலிருந்து நாடு கடத்தப்பட்டார். ஒரு வருடத்தின் பின்னர் பேரரசர் "ஜூலியன்" (Emperor Julian) இவரை நாடு திரும்ப அனுமதித்தார்.

கி.பி. 367ம் ஆண்டு, சிரில் மீண்டுமொருமுறை ஆரிய பேரரசன் "வலேன்ஸ்" (Arian Emperor Valens) என்பவரால் நாடு கடத்தப்பட்டார். மறு வருடம் கி.பி. 378ம் ஆண்டு, பேரரசன் "கிரேஷியன்" (Emperor Gratian) அவரை நாடு திரும்ப அனுமதித்தார். நாடு திரும்பிய அவர் மதங்களுக்கு எதிரான கொள்கைகள், பிளவு, கலவரம், குற்றங்கள் ஆகியவற்றால் ஜெருசலேம் சீர்குழைந்து போயிருப்பதைக் கண்டார். அவரது உதவிக்காக அனுப்பப்பட்ட புனிதர் கிரகோரி கூட (Saint Gregory of Nyssa) விரக்தியுற்று திரும்பினார். இருவரும் கி.பி. 381ம் ஆண்டு, நடந்த "கான்ஸ்டன்டினோபில்" சபையில் (Council of Constantinople) கலந்துகொள்ள சென்றனர். "நிசென்" ஒப்பந்தம் (Nicene Creed) பிரகடணப்படுத்தப்பட்டது. கிறிஸ்து, அதே பொருள் கொண்ட தந்தை என்று சிரில் ஏற்றுக்கொண்டார். சிலர் அதனை மனம் திரும்புதலின் நடவடிக்கை என விமரிசித்தனர். ஆனால், ஆயர் பேரவையோ ஆரியர்களுக்கெதிரான ஆச்சாரப் பணிகளின் வெற்றியாளர் என சிரிலை புகழ்ந்தனர்.

பின்னர், கி.பி. 386ம் ஆண்டு, அவர் மரிக்கும்வரை பிறர் தொந்தரவுகள் இல்லாதிருந்தார்.

Also known as

Cirillo, Kyrillos



Profile

Raised a Christian in Jerusalem. Well educated, especially in religion. Priest, ordained by Saint Maximus. A great teacher of catechumens, Cyril's instructions are still source documents for the Church's early teachings. Bishop of Jerusalem in 348. Exiled three times by the Arians, usually on some trumped up charge like selling church furniture, but actually on theological grounds. Attended the Council of Seleucia in 359. Attended the Council of Constantinople in 381. Greek Father of the Church. Doctor of the Church.



Born

315


Died

386 of natural causes




Saint Edward the Martyr


Also known as

Edward II


Additional Memorial

20 June (translation of relics)



Profile

Son of King Edgar the Peaceful, and ÆthelflÆd. On Edgar's death in 975, there was a disputed succession between Edward and his younger half-brother, Æthelred, Edgar's son by Ælfthryth, but Edward was chosen King of England at age 13; he reigned less than three years. Killed at the behest of his step-mother Elfrida so her son could take the throne, and popularly proclaimed a martyr.


Born

962


Died

• stabbed to death in the evening of 18 March 978 at Corfe Castle, Dorsetshire, England

• buried at Wareham, England

• relics translated to Shaftesbury Abbey on 13 February 981, and resided there for over 500 years

• relics hidden in 1539 when the abbey was seized by the state

• relics re-discovered in 1931 during an archeological dig on the site

• relics re-interred in the Brookwood Cemetery, Saint Edward the Martyr Orthodox Church, Woking, England under the care of monks in the Greek Orthodox tradition



Saint Anselm of Lucca the Younger



Profile

Nephew of Pope Alexander II. Bishop of Lucca, Italy in 1073. Due to a dispute over imperial investiture, Anselm initially refused to accept the regalia of his office from Emperor Henry IV, but later gave in and accepted. He retired to lived as a Benedictine monk in a Cluniac monastery of Polirone in San Benedetto Po, Italy.



Recalled by Pope Gregory VII. Anselm's canons were slack in observance of the austere life, were placed under papal interdict and excommunicated, revolted, were supported by the emperor, and drove Anselm from his see in 1079.


Anselm retired to Canossa, Italy, as spiritual director of Countess Matilda of Tuscany, and then reformed the monasteries in her lands. Supported Pope Gregory VII's efforts to end lay investiture. Apostolic legate to Lombardy under Pope Victor III, again settling problems caused by the lay investiture conflict. Worked against the anti-pope Guibert of Ravenna. His prayers obtained the rout of the enemies of Gregory VII.


Born

1036 at Mantua, Italy


Died

• 18 March 1086 at Mantua, Italy of natural causes

• relics in the cathedral of Mantua



Saint Frigidian of Lucca


Also known as

Erigdian, Finnian, Frediano, Fredianus, Fridian, Fridianus, Frigdianus, Frigianu, Frigidanus


Profile

Sometimes confused with Saint Finnian of Moville. Son of King Ultach of Ulster, Ireland. Educated in Irish monasteries. Priest. After a pilgrimage to Rome, Italy he settled as a hermit on Mount Pisano. Bishop of Lucca in 566, though he often left the city to spend days in prayer and solitude. Formed the clergy of his see into a community of canons regular. Rebuilt the cathedral in Lucca after it was burned by the Lombards.



The River Serchio frequently flooded the town of Lucca. Legend says that when the citizens called on Frigidian for aid, he asked for a rake or hoe, prayed over it, ordered the river to follow him, then dug new, safe course for the river by dragging the tool through the dirt.


Born

in Ireland


Died

18 March 588 of natural causes


Blessed Aimée-Adèle le Bouteiller


Also known as

Amata Adele, Marta, Martha, Marthe


Profile

Third of four children of Andrea and Maria Francesca le Bouteiller Morel; the family were farmers and linen weavers, and her father died of tuberculosis when she was only 10 years old. Around age 20 she went to work as a maid. Aimee joined the Sisters of the Christian Schools of Mercy at the Abbey of Saint-Sauveur-le-Vicomte on 19 March 1841 and made her profession on 14 September 1842, taking the name Sister Martha; her novice mistress was Blessed Placide Viel. Martha worked in the kitchen, the fields, the wine cellar, caring for her sisters and guests at the house, serving 250 people a day during peace time, 500 a day during war, serving them drink and encouraging their faith. Legend says that her prayers insured that the cellars never ran dry.



Born

2 December 1816 in Percy, France as Aimée-Adèle


Died

Palm Sunday 18 March 1883 in Saint Sauveur-le-Vicomte Abbey in Normandy, France from a stroke


Beatified

4 November 1990 by Pope John Paul II



Saint Narcissus of Gerona


Also known as

• Narcissus of Ausburg

• Narcissus of Girona

• Narciso, Narcis



Profile

Born to he nobility. Priest, preacher and bishop of Gerona, Spain in the early 4th century. During the persecutions of Diocletian he fled to modern Augsburg, Germany with his deacon, Saint Felix of Gerona. There they befriended Saint Afra of Augsburg. Returning to Gerona, he and Felix were arrested and martyred.


Legend associates him with the miracle of the flies which led to some of his patronage topics and iconography. In 1286 the army of Philip II of Burgundy laid siege to the city of Gerona. When the troops tried to desecrate the tomb of Saint Narcissus, it broke open, a cloud of stinging flies emerged, chased the soldiers and caused to much havoc that the French troops fled, leaving the city in peace.


Died

• c.307 at Gerona, Catalonia, Spain

• relics in an urn in the San Narciso chapel in the church of San Felix in Gerona


Saint Braulio of Saragossa


Also known as

Braulio


Additional Memorial

18 March (Spain)


Profile

Son of Gregory of Osma, a Hispano-Roman bishop. Monk at Saint Engratia's monastery, Zaragoza, Spain. Studied in Seville, Spain under Saint Isidore. Ordained in 624 by his brother John, archbhishop of Zaragoza. Archdeacon to John. Bishop in 631, and archbishop of Zaragoza. Noted scholar, writer, correspondent, and exceptional hagiographer. Advisor to kings of Spain. Fought Arianism, and converted the Visigoths from the heresy. Attended councils in Toledo in 633, 636 and 638. Collaborated with Saint Isidore to create his encyclopedic work, the Etymologies, which partially led Isidore to be proferred as the patron of computers and the Internet. His eyesight became extremely poor as he aged; we have letters in which he complained bitterly of the loss, as it put a stop to his studies.


Born

c.590


Died

• c.651 at Zaragoza, Spain of natural causes

• buried in the church of Nuestra Senora Merced del Pilar



Saint Alexander of Jerusalem


Also known as

Alexander of Cappadocia



Profile

Studied in Alexandria, Egypt. Fellow student with Origen. Bishop of Cappadocia. Imprisoned from 204 to 211 for his faith during the persecutions of Severus. Pilgrim to Jerusalem upon his release. Coadjutor bishop of Jerusalem with Saint Narcissus in 212. Censured for encouraging Origen to teach in churches while still a laymen. Developed a large theological library. Imprisoned again during the persecutions of Decius. When given a chance to save himself by denouncing Christianity, he made a public pronouncement of his faith. He was thrown to wild animals, but they refused to attack him. Re-imprisoned, Alexander died in chains from general maltreatment. Martyr.


Died

martyred in 251 at Ceasarea



Blessed Celestine of the Mother of God


Also known as

• Celestina Donati

• Maria Anna Donati

• Marianna Donati



Profile

She early felt drawn to religious life. Founded the Congregation of the Daughters of the Poor of Saint Joseph Calasanzio (Calasanzian Sisters) in 1889 with a mission to teach the poor and the children of prisoners.


Born

26 October 1848 in Marradi, Florence, Italy as Maria Anna Donati


Died

18 March 1925 in Florence, Italy of natural causes


Beatified

• 30 March 2008 by Pope Benedict XVI

• recognition celebrated at the Cathedral of Florence, Italy, presided by Cardinal José Saraiva Martins



Saint Salvator of Horta

புனித_சால்வதோர் (1567-1938)

மார்ச் 18

இவர் (#StSalvatorOfHorta) ஸ்பெயின் நாட்டைச் சார்ந்தவர்.

மிகவும் எளிய குடும்பத்தில் பிறந்த இவர், சிறுவயதிலேயே தன் பெற்றோரை இழந்தார். இதனால் இவர் பார்சிலோனாவிற்குச் சென்று, செருப்புத் தைத்து அதிலிருந்து கிடைத்த சொற்ப வருமானத்தைக் கொண்டு வாழ்ந்து வந்தார்.

இவருக்கு இருபது வயது நடக்கும்போது பொதுநிலையினருக்கான பிரான்சிஸ்கன் மூன்றாம் சபையில் சேர்ந்து ஒரு துறவியைப் போன்று வாழ்ந்து வந்தார். அங்கு இவர் தனக்குக் கொடுக்கப்பட்ட மிகச் சாதாரண வேலைகளையும்கூட மிகத் தாழ்ச்சியோடு செய்து வந்தார்.

இவரால் பல அருமடையாளங்கள் நடந்தன. அதனால் இவரைச் சுற்றி எப்பொழுதும் நோயாளர்கள் இருந்தார்கள். இவர் வெறுங் காலோடு தான் எங்கும் சென்றார்; கடுமையான ஒறுத்தல் முயற்சிகளை மேற்கொண்டார். எனவே இவர் வாழ்ந்த காலத்திலேயே ஒரு புனிதராக அறியப்பட்டார்.

இவர் 1567 ஆம் ஆண்டு தனது 47 வயதில் இறையடி சேர்ந்தார். இவருக்கு 1938 ஆம் ஆண்டு திருத்தந்தை பதினொன்றாம் பயஸால் புனிதர் பட்டம் கொடுக்கப்பட்டது

Also known as

Salvador, Salvatore


Additional Memorial

17 April (Friars Minor)



Profile

Shepherd. Shoemaker. Franciscan lay brother at Barcelona, Spain. Cook, beggar and porter at the friary in the Horta-Guinardó area of Barcelona. Miracle worker and healer. His cell became a destination for sick pilgrims; said to have cured as many as 2,000 in a single day.


Born

1520 at Santa Columba, Gerona, Spain


Died

18 March 1567 at friary at Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy of natural causes


Canonized

17 April 1938 by Pope Pius XI




Blessed Christian O'Conarchy


Also known as

• Christianus

• Giolla Criost Ua Condoirche


Profile

Spritual student and archdeacon of Saint Malachy O'More at Armagh, Ireland. Received the Cistercian habit at Clairvaux, France in 1139 from Saint Bernard of Clairvaux. Abbot of the first Cistercian monastery in Ireland in 1142. Bishop of Lismore, Ireland in 1150. Papal legate for Ireland. In old age he retired to live as a prayerful monk at Odorney Abbey.


Born

c.1100 at Bangor, County Down, Ireland


Died

1186 at Odorney Abbey, Abbeydorney, Ireland of natural causes



Blessed John Thules


Additional Memorials

• 22 November as one of the Martyrs of England, Scotland, and Wales

• 29 October as one of the Martyrs of Douai


Profile

Priest of the apostolic vicariate of England, ministering to covert Catholics during the persecutions of James I. Martyr.


Born

c.1568 in Upholland, Lancashire, England


Died

18 March 1616 in Lancaster, Lancashire, England


Beatified

22 November 1987 by Pope John Paul II



Blessed Roger Wrenno


Also known as

Ruggero


Additional Memorial

22 November as one of the Martyrs of England, Scotland, and Wales


Profile

Layman of the apostolic vicariate of England, ministering to covert Catholics during the persecutions of James I. Martyr.


Born

c.1576 in Chorley, Lancashire, England


Died

18 March 1616 in Lancaster, Lancashire, England


Beatified

22 November 1987 by Pope John Paul II



Saint Eucarpius of Nicomedia


Profile

Pagan soldier in the imperial Roman army and stationed in Nicomedia (in modern Turkey). Assigned to hunt Christians during the persecutions of Diocletian, he came to know them and the faith so well that he converted. Martyr.


Died

burned alive in 304 at Nicomedia



Saint Trophimus of Nicomedia


Profile

Pagan soldier in the imperial Roman army and stationed in Nicomedia (in modern Turkey). Assigned to hunt Christians during the persecutions of Diocletian, he came to know them and the faith so well that he converted. Martyr.


Died

burned alive in 304 at Nicomedia



Martyrs of Nicomedia


Profile

Commemorates the Christians who were martyred anonymously, either singly and in small groups, by local pagans in the area of Nicomedia prior to the year 300, and who may have been over-looked in the waves of Diocletian persecutions that resulted in the deaths of thousands.



Saint Leobard of Tours


Also known as

Leopardo, Leobardo, Leobardus, Liberd


Profile

Spiritual student of Saint Gregory of Tours. Hermit for over 20 years near Marmoutier, France.


Died

593 of natural causes



Saint Egbert of Ripon


Profile

Monk at Ripon, England.


Died

• c.720

• relics in Ripon, England



Saint Felix of Gerona


Profile

Deacon. Martyr.


Died

c.307 in Gerona, Catalonia, Spain



Saint Finan of Aberdeen


Profile

Spritiual student of Saint Kentigern.


Died

595


 Our Lady of Mercy

Our Lady of Mercy is a title given to the Virgin Mary, mother of Jesus Christ. It reflects her merciful nature and her role as a protector and intercessor for humanity.

There are a few different origins and associations with Our Lady of Mercy:





The Order of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mercy: Founded in 1218 by Saint Peter Nolasco, this religious order focused on ransoming Christians who were enslaved by Muslims in North Africa. The Virgin Mary appeared to Saint Peter Nolasco in a vision, inspiring him to establish the order.

Marian Apparitions: There have been several reported apparitions of Mary where she is referred to as Our Lady of Mercy. A well-known example is the apparition to Saint Bernadette Soubirous in Lourdes, France in 1858.

There is another feast day associated with Our Lady of Mercy, though less widely celebrated than the one in September.  March 18th is the feast day for Our Lady of Mercy of Savona.


Here's some information about this specific devotion:


Apparition: The feast day commemorates an apparition of the Virgin Mary to a farmer named Antonio Botta in Savona, Italy on March 18th, 1536.

Shrine and Pilgrimage: A shrine was built on the site of the apparition, and March 18th became an annual festival with a procession to the shrine to honor Mary's mercy.

Local Veneration: This feast day is primarily celebrated in Savona and surrounding areas, though devotion to Our Lady of Mercy of Savona can be found in other parts of the world as well.

So, while September 24th is the general feast day of Our Lady of Mercy, March 18th holds significance for the specific devotion to Our Lady of Mercy of Savona.

16 March 2025

இன்றைய புனிதர்கள் மார்ச் 17

 Saint Gertrude of Nivelles


Profile

Younger daughter of Saint Pepin of Landen and Saint Ida of Nivelles; sister of Saint Begga of Ardenne. Devoted to her faith from an early age, she turned down a noble marriage to pursue the religious life. Following the death of Pepin in 639, and on the advice of Saint Amand of Maastricht, Ida built a double monastery at Nivelles where both she and her daughter retired. Gertrude became abbess about age 20.



Known for her hospitality to pilgrims and the aid given to Irish missionary monks. Gertrude gave land to Saint Foillan, on which he built the monastery at Fosses, Belgium. She helped Saint Ultan in his evangelization. In 656, Gertrude resigned her office in favour of her niece, Saint Wilfetrudis of Nivelles, and spent the rest of her days studying Scripture and doing penance. Mystic and visionary. Died at the significant age of 33, the age of Our Lord at His death.


The cultus of Saint Gertrude spread widely in the Low Countries, neighbouring regions, and England, and folklore attached to her name. As late as 1822, offerings of gold and silver mice were left at her shrine in Cologne, Germany; mice represented souls in Purgatory, to whom she had a great devotion. Patron of gardeners because fine weather on her feast day meant it was time to begin spring planting. Her patronage of travellers comes from her hospitality to pilgrims. She is invoked as a patroness of those who had recently died, who were popularly supposed to experience a three-day journey to the next world; they spent the first night under the care of Gertrude, and the second under Michael the Archangel.


There is a legend that one day she sent some of her subjects to a distant country, promising that no misfortune would befall them on the journey; when they were on the ocean, a large sea-monster threatened to capsize their ship, but disappeared upon the invocation of Saint Gertrude. In memory of this occurence travellers during the Middle ages drank the so-called "Sinte Geerts Minne" or "Gertrudenminte" before setting out on their journey.


Born

626 at Landen, Belgium


Died

17 March 659 at Nivelles, Belgium of natural causes



Saint Patrick

புனிதர் பேட்ரிக் 

அயர்லாந்தின் அப்போஸ்தலர்:

பிறப்பு: கி.பி. 386

பெரிய பிரித்தானியா

இறப்பு: மார்ச் 17, 461

ஏற்கும் சமயம்:

கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை

கிழக்கு கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபைகள்

கிழக்கு மரபுவழி திருச்சபை

ஆங்கிலிக்கம்

லூதரனியம்

முக்கிய திருத்தலங்கள்:

அர்மாக் (Armagh), வட அயர்லாந்து (Northern Ireland),

கிலாஸ்டோன்பரி மடம் (Glastonbury Abbey),

இங்கிலாந்து (England)

நினைவுத் திருவிழா: 17 மார்ச்

பாதுகாவல்:

அயர்லாந்து (Ireland), நைஜீரியா (Nigeria), மொன்செராட் (Montserrat),

பாஸ்டன் (Boston), நியூயார்க் உயர் மறைமாவட்டம் (Archdiocese of New York),

மெல்பேர்ண் உயர் மறைமாவட்டம் (Archdiocese of Melbourne),

பாம்புகளுக்கு எதிராக, பாவ சோதனைக்கு எதிராக, பொறியாளர்கள்.

புனிதர் பேட்ரிக், 5ம் நூற்றாண்டைச் சேர்ந்த ரோமன்-பிரிட்டானியா கிறிஸ்தவ மறைப்பணியாளரும், அயர்லாந்தின் "அர்மாகி'ன்" (Armagh) ஆயராக இருந்தவரும் ஆவார். இவரே அயர்லாந்துக்கு கிறிஸ்தவத்தை கொண்டு வந்தார் என்பர். ஆதலால் இவர் அயர்லாந்தின் திருத்தூதர் என அழைக்கப்படுகின்றார். புனிதர் “கொலம்பா” (Columba) மற்றும் புனிதர் “பிரிஜிட்” (Brigit of Kildare) ஆகியோருடன் இவரும் அயர்லாந்தின் பாதுகாவலர் ஆவார்.

இவரது காலத்தை உறுதியுடன் அறிய இயலவில்லை. ஆயினும் இவர் அயர்லாந்தில் 5ம் நூற்றாண்டின் பிற்பகுதியில் பணிபுரிந்தார். இவரே அயர்லாந்தின் அர்மாகி'ன் (Armagh) முதல் ஆயர் என்பது மரபு.

இவருக்கு சுமார் 16 வயதிருக்கும் போது, பெரிய பிரிட்டானியாவில் இருந்த தனது இல்லத்திலிருந்து அயர்லாந்து கடற்கொள்ளையர்களால் பிடிக்கப்பட்டு, அயர்லாந்துக்கு அடிமையாக எடுத்துச் செல்லப்பட்டார். ஆறு ஆண்டுகள் அடிமையாக மிருகங்களைப் பராமரித்து வாழ்ந்த பின்னர், அங்கிருந்து தப்பித்து வீடு திரும்பினார். ஒரு குருவாக திருநிலைப்படுத்தப்பட்ட பின்பு, வடக்கு மற்றும் மேற்கு அயர்லாந்தில் பணி புரிந்தார். பிற்காலத்தில், அவர் ஆயராக பணியாற்றினார். ஆயினும் அவர் பணிபுரிந்த இடங்களைப் பற்றி சிறிய அளவே அறியக் கிடைக்கின்றது. ஏழாம் நூற்றாண்டு முதலே அயர்லாந்தின் பாதுகாவலர் என்னும் பட்டத்திற்காக இவர் வணக்கம் செலுத்தப்பட்டார் என்பதற்கான சான்றுகள் உள்ளன.

புனிதர் பேட்ரிக்கின் நினைவுத் திருநாள் ஆண்டுதோறும் இவரின் இறந்த நாளான 17 மார்ச் அன்று கொண்டாடப்படுகின்றது. இது அயர்லாந்துக்கு வெளியேயும் கலாச்சாரம் மற்றும் சமய நிகழ்வாக கொண்டாடப்படுகின்றது. அயர்லாந்து மறைமாவட்டத்தில் இது பெருவிழாவும் கடன் திருநாளும் ஆகும்.

Also known as

• Apostle of Ireland

• Maewyn Succat

• Patricius, Patrizio



Profile

Kidnapped from the British mainland around age 16, and shipped to Ireland as a slave. Sent to the mountains as a shepherd, he spent his time in the field in prayer. After six years of this life, he received had a dream in which he was commanded to return to Britain; seeing it as a sign, he escaped. He studied in several monasteries in Europe. Priest. Bishop. Sent by Pope Celestine to evangelize England, then Ireland, during which his chariot driver was Saint Odran, and Saint Jarlath was one of his spiritual students. In 33 years he effectively converted the Ireland. In the Middle Ages Ireland became known as the Land of Saints, and during the Dark Ages its monasteries were the great repositories of learning in Europe, all a consequence of Patrick's ministry.


Born

between 387 and 390 at Scotland as Maewyn Succat


Died

between 461 and 464 at Saul, County Down, Ireland of natural causes


Name Meaning

• warlike (Succat - pagan birth name)

• noble (Patricius - baptismal name)


Blessed Juan Nepomuceno Zegrí y Moreno


Also known as

• John Nepomucene Zegrí y Moreno

• Johannes Nepomuk Zegrí y Moreno



Profile

Son of Antonio Zegrí Martín and Josefa Moreno Escudero. A pious child, he received a good religious education, and felt an early call to the priesthood. Studied at Saint Dionysius Seminary, Granada, Spain. Ordained at Granada on 2 June 1855. Parish priest at Huétor Santillán and San Gabriel de Loja in Granada. Synodal judge. Canon of the cathedral of Malaga, Spain. Visitor of the religious orders in his diocese. Spiritual director of seminarians. Preacher and royal chaplain to Queen Isabel II.


In Malaga on 16 March 1878, Juan founded the Congregation of the Sisters of Charity of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mercy to work for the spiritual and physical improvement of the poor. The Congregation soon spread throughout Spain. However, a scandal developed when some of the Sisters accused Juan of impropriety, and on 7 July 1888 he was ordered away from the Congregation. A lengthy investigation followed during which Juan kept his silence and obeyed all orders of his superiors. On 15 July 1894 he was cleared of all the false allegations, and though he voluntarily stayed away from the Congregation, he again was recognized as its founder.


Born

11 October 1831 at Granada, Spain


Died

17 March 1905 at Malaga, Spain of natural causes


Beatified

9 November 2003 by Pope John Paul II




Saint Jan Sarkander


Also known as

• John Sarkander

• Johannes Sarkander

• Martyr of the Confessional



Profile

Son of Georg Mathias Sarkander and Helene Kornicz Sarkander. Born in a time and place in the midst of the turmoil of the Protestant Reformation. His father died when Jan was still young, and the family moved to Pribor. He married, but his wife died when they were young, and they had no children.


Educated by Jesuits at Prague, receiving a master of philosophy degree in 1603. Studied theology in Austria. Ordained in 1607 at Grozin. Curate at Boskowitz in 1613. Parish priest at Olmütz in 1616. There he became the center of a struggle for the hearts and souls of the local people; he was supported by Baron von Labkowitz of Moravia, but bitterly opposed by the wealthy anti-Catholic landowner Bitowsky von Bystritz.


The year 1618 saw the start of the Thirty Years War between Catholic and Protestant armies. When Protestant forces occupied Hollenschau, Jan was briefly exiled to Poland, but returned to minister to his oppressed parish flock. Polish forces moved into the area in 1620, and battle seemed imminent. Jan visited the field commander, carrying the Blessed Sacrament in a monstrance as a shield and chastisement. No battles were fought in the area of Hollenshau.


Siezing the opportunity to brand him a spy, and thus explain the lack of attack by the Polish troops, his enemy von Bystritz denounced Father Jan as a traitor. Jan was arrested, taken to Olmütz, and tortured for a confession, for revenge, and to get him to break the seal of the confessional and supply damaging information about his patron and parishioner Baron von Labkowitz. Sarkander was racked, beaten and murdered, but he clung to his faith and gave his tormentors nothing.


Born

20 December 1576 at Skotschau (Skoczow), Austrian Silesia (in modern Poland)


Died

• covered in flammable material and set on fire on 17 March 1620 at Olomouc, Moravia (in the modern Czech Republic)

• remains at the Cathedral of Jan Sarkander at Olomouc (in modern Czech Republic)


Canonized

Sunday 21 May 1995 by Pope John Paul II at Olomouc, Czech Republic



Blessed Conrad of Bavaria


Also known as

• Conrad di Baviera

• Conrad of Clairvaux

• Conrad of Molfetta

• Conrad the Confessor

• Corrado, Konrad



Additional Memorial

9 February (translation of relics; diocese of Molfetta, Italy; Cistercians)


Profile

Son of Duke Henry IX of Bavaria. Educated at Wiengarten Abbey in Ravensburg, Germany, and in Cologne, Germany. Joined of the Cistercians c.1124. Spiritual student of Saint Bernard of Clairvaux in Cologne in 1147. Pilgrim to the Holy Lands as part of the spiritual Crusade, and died on the road.


Born

1105 Veitsburg, Baden-Württemberg (in modern Germany


Died

• 1154 at the Santa Maria ad Cryptam Benedictine monastery near Modugno, Italy of natural causes

• interred in a cave near the monastery, a traditional resting place for the monastery's dead

• relics translated to the cathedral of Molfetta in 1785

• reliquary restored and relics re-enshrined in August 2007


Beatified

1832 by Pope Gregory XVI (cultus confirmation)


Saint Gabriel Lalemant


Additional Memorial

19 October as one of the Martyrs of North America



Profile

Nephew of the Jesuit missionaries Charles and Jerome Lalemant. Entered the Jesuits in Paris, France on 24 March 1630. Missionary, arriving in Canada on 20 September 1646. Assigned as assistant to Saint John de Brebeuf among the Huron in early 1649, he was soon martyred with him. One of the Martyrs of North America.


Born

10 October 1610 at Paris, France


Died

• tortured to death over the course of three hours on 17 March 1649 at the Saint Ignatius mission in the Huron country, Canada

• interred by fellow priests at Saint Mary's mission

• some relics moved to Quebec in the spring of 1650


Canonized

29 June 1930 by Pope Pius XI



Blessed Maria Bárbara Maix


Also known as

Maria Bárbara of the Holy Trinity


Profile

Exiled from Austria for political reasons, she arrived in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil on 9 November 1848. Drawn to the religious life, she founded the Congregation of the Sisters of the Immaculate Heart of Mary on 8 May 1849.



Born

27 June 1818 in Vienna, Austria


Died

• 17 March 1873 in Catumbi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil of natural causes

• relics in the chapel of São Raphael, Rua Riachuelo, 508, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil


Beatified

6 November 2010 by Pope Benedict XVI



Saint Agricola of Châlon-sur-Saône 


Also known as

• Aregl of Châlon-sur-Saône

• Agrele of Châlon-sur-Saône


Profile

Son of a Gallo-Roman senator. Bishop of Châlon-sur-Saône, France in 532; he governed the diocese for 48 years. Friend of Saint Gregory of Tours who wrote glowingly of him. Known for his simple, austere personal life, and his devotion to the spiritual lives of his flock.


Born

c.497


Died

580 at Châlon-sur-Saône, France of natural causes



Saint Withburgh of East Anglia


Also known as

• Withburgh of Dereham

• Vitburga, Wihtburh, Withburga



Profile

Born a princess, the youngest daughter of King Anna of East Anglia (part of modern England). Following the death of her father in battle, Withburgh became a nun and lived as an anchoress at East Dereham, Norfolk, England. Founded a convent there.


Died

c.743



Blessed Gertrude of Trzebnica


Profile

Daughter of Saint Hedwig of Silesia and Duke Henry I. Engaged to the Count Palatine Otto of Wittelsbach, but he died before the wedding. Cistercian nun and then abbess in Trzebnica, Poland.



Born

c.1200


Died

December 1268 in Trzebnica, Poland of natural causes



Blessed Josep Mestre Escoda


Profile

Priest in the archdiocese of Tarragona, Spain. Martyred in the Spanish Civil War.


Born

12 February 1899 in Dosaiguas, Tarragona, Spain


Died

17 March 1937 in Barcelona, Spain


Beatified

• 13 October 2013 by Pope Francis

• beatification celebrated in Tarragona, Spain



Saint Ambrose of Alexandria


Profile

Rich nobleman of Alexandria, Egypt. Friend and financial supporter of Origen. Imprisoned for his faith in the persecutions of Maximinus but survived. Confessor of the faith.


Died

c.250 of natural causes



Saint Paul of Cyprus


Profile

Cypriot monk. During the reign of the iconoclast emperor Constantine Copronymus, Paul was ordered to trample a crucifix. He refused, and was tortured and martryed.


Died

roasted to death hanging upside down over a slow fire in 775



Many Martyrs of Alexandria


Also known as

Martyrs of Serapis


Profile

An unknown number of Christians who were martyred together by a mob of worshippers of the Graeco-Egyptian sun god Serapis.


Died

c.392 in Alexandria, Egypt



Saint Stephen of Palestrina


Profile

Cistercian monk from the Clairvaux Abbey. Cardinal-bishop of Palestrina in 1141.


Died

1144


Canonized

• cultus originated within the Cistercians

• no formal recogition



Saint Thomasello


Also known as

Thomasellus


Profile

Dominican. Student of Saint Thomas Aquinas.


Born

1242 at Etruria, Italy


Died

• 1270 at Perugia, Italy of natural causes

• buried in the Dominican church in Perugia



Saint Llinio of Llandinam


Profile

Monk. Founded the abbey at Llandinam, Powys, Wales, and served as its first abbot.


Died

520 of natural causes



Saint Diemut of Saint Gall


Profile

Recluse in 12th century Saint Gall, Switzerland.



Saint Theodore of Rome


Profile

Martyr.


Died

martyred in 2nd century Rome, Italy



Saint Alexander


Profile

two Saint Alexanders commemorated on March 16th, depending on the Christian tradition:


Hieromartyr Alexander I, Pope of Rome: This is the most likely saint you're interested in, considering the title "Hieromartyr" which refers to a martyr who was a church leader. Here's what we know about him:


Pope of Rome: He served as the Bishop of Rome for around ten years (estimates range from 10 to 17 years) around 115 AD 

Martyrdom: According to tradition, he was martyred by order of Emperor Hadrian, possibly by burning, though details are uncertain 

Saint Alexander the Wonderworker of Patmos: This saint is less commonly commemorated on March 16th.  Here's a brief summary:


Wonderworker: He was believed to have performed miracles during his life.

Monastery Founder: He established a monastery on the Greek island of Patmos 

Date of Death: He died on March 16th, but the year is uncertain, with estimates ranging from 1093 to 1122