St. Rhuddlad
Feastday: September 4
Death: 7th century
Welsh virgin, patroness of Llanrhyddlad in Anglesey, Wales.
St. Marinus
Feastday: September 4
Bishop and hermit of Dalmatia, Croatia, born on an island off the coast. A stonemason, he went to Rimini, Italy, with St. Leo and was possibly made bishop there. He died as a hermit in modern San Marino, named in his honor.
Bl. Dina Belanger
Feastday: September 4
Birth: 1897
Death: 1929
Beatified: Pope John Paul II
Blessed Dina Belanger was born and baptized on 30 April 1897 in St-Roch, Québec, the daughter of Olivier Octave Belanger & Séraphia Matte. Her parents lived at 168 Notre Dame des Anges in the Parish of Jacques Cartier, Portneuf County. Dina was baptized at St. Roch, Québec. She studied music and planned to become a concert pianist. While studying in New York, Dina lived with the Religious of Jesus-Mary. She returned home and decided to enter the religious life in the Congregation of Jesus-Marie at Sillery, where the nuns had their mother house. She entered the convent at the age of 24, in August 1921. She entered the order of Jesus-Marie in February 1922 and received the name Sister Marie Sainte-Cécile of Rome and took her final vows on 25 August 1923. As a nun, Dina Belanger taught music.
On two occasions the sisters sent her to teach at Saint-Michel of Bellechasse but both times, illness brought her back to Sillery where she stayed (teaching music) until her death. She could have taught in many areas as she had excelled in all her studies but due to her having shown such great talent in music at a young age and her continued education at the Conservatory of New York from 1916 to 1918, her superiors judged her best qualified to teach music.
Dina had a brother who died at the age of 3 months. Dina's father was an auditor and her grandfather operated a grocery store in the St Malo district of Québec. Her ancestors (Pierre, Joseph-Marie and Nicolas) all came from Charlesbourg.
Dina died on 4 Sept in the Couvent de Jésus-Marie, Sillery and was buried on 7 Sept 1929 at the age of 32, in St-Colomb de Sillery, Québec.
Blessed Catherine of Racconigi
Also known as
Caterina Mattei
Profile
The youngest of six children, and the only daughter of Giorgio and Bilia de Ferrari Mattei. Hers was a poor family in a poor region; her father was an unemployed blacksmith and tool maker, her mother a silk spinner and weaver whose work kept the family from starving. When she was old enough, Caterina learned the trade from her mother and helped support the family. Her father suffered from depression over their lot, and family life was often chaotic and disruptive.
At the age of nine, Caterina had a vision of Jesus, who appeared to her as a boy about her own age, told her that she should become a bride of Christ, and gave her a wedding ring in token. She began to have regular visions of Jesus, and of saints including Saint Catherine of Siena and Saint Peter Martyr. Miracles began to happen around her; at first just simple things like a broken dish being repaired, and money and food appearing when the family needed it most.
She studied with a community of Servites. Caterina wanted to join the Dominicans, and began attending a small Domincan convent at age 23, but her family opposed her leaving; they compromised by her becoming a Dominican tertiary at age 28 and staying at home. The visions continued, and she received the stigmata, though the wounds did not appear to others until her death. Her neighbors were terrified of her and of the supernatural events that happened in her home, many claiming that she was a witch. The local Dominicans, fearing scandal, would have nothing to do with her. She was denounced to the Inquisition, and was called before a bishop's court in Turin, Italy, but all authorities found her innocent of any heresy or wrong-doing. She was eventually forced to leave the town and settle in Caramagno, Italy where she lived with two other tertiaries. The scrutiny and accusations caused her to reach such a level of despair that had her considering suicide, but instead she gripped her cross and prayed the harder.
Though her mystical gifts drove many away, others sought her out for her counsel and prayer. She had a special ministry of prayer for soldiers in battle. She became the friend of Prince John Francis Pico of Mirandola, who wrote a biography that gives us most of the information about have about her. The Blessed Caterina Brotherhood continues today, doing good works and celebrating her memory.
Born
June 1486 in Racconigi, Cuneo, Italy
Died
4 September 1547 at Caramagna Piemonte, Cuneo, Italy
Beatified
1808 or 1810 (records vary) by Pope Pius VII
Moses the Prophet
Derivation
Hebrew: Mosheh, "saved from the waters"
Profile
Hebrew liberator, law giver, and prophet. He belonged to the tribe of Levi and was born in Egypt (10th century B.C.), at a time of grievous persecution, when Pharao had ordered the killing of all male Hebrew children (Exodus 1) Exposed on the waters of the Nile, he was rescued by Pharao's daughter and educated at court. Having killed an Egyptian to save one of his brethren from ill-treatment, he fled to Madian where he married Jethro's daughter (Exodus 2). God appeared to him in the burning bush and commanded him to go and deliver his brethren (3), with the help of his brother Aaron, but Pharao stubbornly refused to let the Israelites go, and the terrible chastisements known as the Ten Plagues of Egypt, only hardened his heart (7-10). However the last one, viz., the death of every first born, forced him to yield, and the Hebrews departed, after celebrating the first Pasch (11-13). Then began, under the leadership of Moses, a long and wearisome journey in the direction of the Promised Land, the dramatic episodes of which are related in the remaining chapter of Exodus and in Numbers. Only a few can be enumerated here: The Passage of the Red Sea and the Canticle of Moses (Exodus 14-15); the Manna (16); the promulgation of the Law on Mount Sinai (19-31); the many revolts of the people, who are saved each time by the intervention of their leader (Exodus 16; Numbers 13-14, 21); the march from Mount Sinai to Cades, and the stay at Cades for 38 years during which the present generation is condemned never to enter the Promised Land (Numbers 10-20); Moses himself is excluded from it because of his lack of confidence at the "Waters of Contradiction" (ib., 20); Balaam's Prophecies (23-24). The Israelites finally reached the banks of the Jordan, after defeating the Amorrhites and Moabites, and Moses died on Mount Nebo after pronouncing the three memorable discourses preserved in Deuteronomy. He was buried in the valley of Moab, but "no man knows his sepulchre" (Deuteronomy 34), and "there arose no more a prophet in Israel like unto Moses" (ib., 10). See also, Exodus, Numbers and Deuteronomy.
Saint Rosalia
✠ பலேர்மோ நகர் புனிதர் ரோசலியா ✠
(St. Rosalia of Palermo)
கன்னியர்:
(Virgin)
பிறப்பு: கி.பி. 1130
பலேர்மோ, சிசிலி அரசு
(Palermo, Kingdom of Sicily)
இறப்பு: கி.பி. 1166
மவுண்ட் பெலேக்ரினோ, சிசிலி அரசு
(Mount Pellegrino, Kingdom of Sicily)
ஏற்கும் சமயம்:
ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை
(Roman Catholic Church)
புனிதர்பட்டம்: ஜூலை 15, 1625
திருத்தந்தை 8ம் அர்பன்
(Pope Urban VIII)
பாதுகாவல்:
பலேர்மோ, மான்ட்டேரி, கலிஃபோர்னியா (Monterey, California) ஆகிய இடங்களைச் சேர்ந்த இத்தாலிய மீனவர்கள்
நினைவுத் திருநாள்: செப்டம்பர் 4
இத்தாலியின் பலெர்மோ நகரைச் சேர்ந்த புனிதர் ரோசலியா, ஒரு கத்தோலிக்க புனிதர் ஆவார்.
“சார்லமக்னேயின்” (Charlemagne) வம்சாவளியைச் சேர்ந்த ஒரு உன்னத நார்மன் (Norman) குடும்பத்தில் ரோசலியா பிறந்தார்.
“சினிபால்ட் (Sinibald) என்பவரின் மகளான இவரின் இதயம் இளம் வயதிலிருந்தே இறைவனை மட்டுமே நாடியது. விவிலிய வார்த்தைகளால் தன் இதயத்தை நிரப்பினார். இறைவன் மட்டுமே தன் வாழ்வின் மையமாக இருக்க வேண்டுமென்று எண்ணினார். இறை இயேசுவின் பாதையில் தன் வாழ்வை அமைத்தார்.
தன் வீட்டைவிட்டு வெளியேறி, “பெல்லேக்ரினோ” (Mount Pellegrino) மலையிலுள்ள ஒரு குகைக்கு சென்று தனிமையில் வாழ்ந்தார். பாரம்பரியப்படி, அவரை இரண்டு சம்மனசுக்கள் வழிநடத்தி குகைக்கு அழைத்துச் சென்றதாக கூறப்படுகிறது. உலக வாழ்விலிருந்து தன்னை மறைத்து வாழ்ந்த இவர், இதயம் என்னும் அவரின் வீட்டில் கடவுளுக்கு மட்டுமே இடம் கொடுத்து வாழ்ந்தார்.
அவர் வசித்த குகையின் சுவர்களில், “சினிபால்டின் மகளான ரோசலியா எனும் நான், என் ஆண்டவரான இயேசு கிறிஸ்துவின் அன்புக்காக வாழ்வதென்று தீர்மானித்துள்ளேன்” என்று எழுதப்பட்டிருந்தது.
ரோசலியா, அந்த குகையிலேயே தனிமையிலே கி.பி. 1166ம் ஆண்டு மரித்தார்.
கி.பி. 1624ம் ஆண்டு, பலெர்மோ நகரில் பிளேக் நோய் பரவியது. இத்துன்ப காலத்தில், ஒரு நோயாளிப்பெண்ணுக்கும், ஒரு வேட்டைக்காரனுக்கும் காட்சியளித்த புனிதர் ரோசலியா, தமது எலும்புகள் கிடக்கும் இடத்தைக் குறிப்பிட்டுச் சொன்னார். தமது எலும்புகளை நகருக்குள் ஊர்வலமாகக் கொண்டுவர கூறினார். மலையேறிச் சென்ற வேட்டைக்காரன், அவர் கூறியது போலவே அங்கே எலும்புகள் கிடக்கக் கண்டான். அவர் கூறியதுபோலவே மும்முறை அவரது எலும்புகளை ஊருக்குள் ஊர்வலமாக கொண்டு சென்றதும் பிளேக் நோய் முற்றிலுமாக நீங்கியது. இச்சம்பவத்தின் பிறகு, புனிதர் ரோசலியா பலெர்மோ நகரின் பாதுகாவலராக அறிவிக்கப்பட்டார். இவரது எலும்புகள் காணப்பட்ட குகையில் இவரது நினைவுச் சரணாலயம் அமைக்கப்பட்டது.
Also known as
La Santuzza (the little saint)
Profile
Born to the Sicilian nobility, the daughter of Sinibald, Lord of Roses, and Quisquina. Descendant of Charlemagne. Raised around the royal Sicilian court. From her youth, Rosalia knew she was called to dedicate her life to God. When grown, she moved to cave near her parent's home, and lived in it the rest of her life; tradition says that she was led to the cave by two angels. On the cave wall she wrote "I, Rosalia, daughter of Sinibald, Lord of Roses, and Quisquina, have taken the resolution to live in this cave for the love of my Lord, Jesus Christ." Rosalia remained apart from the world, dedicated to prayer and works of penance for the sake of Jesus, and died alone.
In 1625, during a period of plague, she appeared in a vision to a hunter near her cave. Her relics were discovered, brought to Palermo, and paraded through the street. Three days later the plague ended, intercession to Rosalia was credited with saving the city, and she was proclaimed its patroness. The traditional celebration of Rosalia lasted for days, involved fireworks and parades, and her feast day was made a holy day of obligation by Pope Pius XI in 1927.
Born
c.1130 at Palermo, Sicily
Died
• c.1160 Mount Pellegrino, Italy, apparently of natural causes
• buried in her cave by workers collapsing it
Patronage
locations in Italy -
• Baucina
• Benetutti
• Bivona
• Campofelice di Roccella
• Delia
• Isola delle Femine
• Lentiscosa
• Palermo
• Pegli
• Racalmuto
• San Mango Cilento
• Santo Stefano Quisquina
• Sicily
• Vicari
Blessed Scipion-Jérôme Brigeat Lambert
Also known as
Scipione Gerolamo Brigeat de Lambert
Profile
Born to the nobility, his father was a royal advisor and treasury official. Studied in the French cities of Ligny and Paris, then the seminaries of San Luis and then San Sulpice. Ordained a priest in 1756. Earned his doctorate in 1760 at the college of Navarra. Canon and vicar-general of the diocese of Avranches, France from 1761 to 1788. When the anti–Christian persecutions of the French Revolution began, he fled to Ligny. The authorities located him there and ordered to take the oath of loyalty to the new constitution; he refused, remaining loyal to the Church. He was imprisoned on the Hulks of Rochefort and left to die. He spent his final day nursing and ministering to other prisoners. Martyr.
Born
9 June 1733 in Ligny, Meuse, France
Died
4 September 1794 on the prison ship Washington in Rochefort, Charente-Maritime, France of hunger and general abuse
Beatified
1 October 1995 by Pope John Paul II
Pope Saint Boniface I
Profile
Son of the presbyter Jocundus. Priest, apparently having been ordained by Pope Saint Damasus I. Papal legate to Constantinople c.405 for Pope Saint Innocent I. Elected 42nd pope in 418. He was opposed by anti-pope Eulalius who had the support of the minor clergy. Both were exiled from Rome, Italy by Emperor Honorius in order to keep the peace. At Easter Eulalia returned against orders, causing his followers to rise to violent action; he was exiled again, and Boniface declared pope. Repeatedly opposed by the patriarch of Constantinople who sought to increase his sphere of influence. Staunch opponent of Pelagianism. Saint Augustine of Hippo dedicated several works to him.
Born
c.350 at Rome, Italy
Papal Ascension
28 December 418
Died
• 4 September 422 at Rome, Italy of natural causes
• buried in the cemetery of Maximus on the Via Salaria, Rome
Blessed Nicolò Rusca
Also known as
Hammer of the Heretics
Profile
Studied at the Collegium Helveticum in Milan, Italy from 1580 to 1587. Priest in the diocese of Como, Italy. Worked to revive Catholic practice and theology in the period after the Council of Trent and in the face of expanding Protestantism. Archpriest of Sondrio, Italy. Falsely accused of being involved in radical violence against Protestant ministers, he was arrested on 24 July 1618 and died during torture a few weeks later. Martyr.
Born
20 April 1563 in Bedano, Italy (in modern Ticono, Switzerland)
Died
• tortured to death on 4 September 1618 in Thusis, Graubünden, Switzerland
• relics in the collegiate church at Sondrio, Italy
Beatified
• 21 April 2013 by Pope Francis
• beatification recognition celebrated in Sondrio, Italy, presided by Cardinal Angelo Amato
Saint Ida of Herzfeld
Profile
Great-granddaughter of Charlemagne, and grew up in his court. Married to Lord Egbert by arrangement of the emperor. Mother of one son, Warin, who became a monk at Corvey. Widowed very young in 811, she spent the rest of her life single, working for the poor. Reported to have filled a stone coffin with food each day, then gave it to the poor; not only did she help the needy, the coffin reminded her of her responsibilities in this life. Founded the church at Hofstadt, Westphalia, and convent of Herzfeld.
Died
• c.813 of natural causes
• buried at the Herzfeld convent
Canonized
26 November 980 by Pope Benedict VII
Patronage
• brides
• widows
Blessed José Bleda Grau
Also known as
Brother Berardo of Lugar Nuevo de Fenollet
Profile
Franciscan Capuchin friar, professed on 2 February 1901. Worked as a beggar and tailor for his religious community in Orihuela, Alicante, Spain; he developed a relationship with the people of his city based on his humility, piety and charity. When the anti–Catholic persecutions of the Spanish Civil War began, he fled to his home village and hid with family. The militia found him on the night of 30 August 1936, spent five days abusing him, and finally killed him. Martyr.
Born
23 July 1867 in Lugar Nuevo de Fenollet, Valencia, Spain
Died
shot in the head on 4 September 1936 near Puerto de Benigamin, Valencia, Spain
Beatified
11 March 2001 by Pope John Paul II
Blessed José Pascual Carda Saporta
Profile
Ordained on 12 August 1918. Member of the Diocesan Laborer Priests of the Sacred Heart of Jesus. Prefect of the seminary in Zaragoza, Spain and then of Tarragona, Spain. Parish priest in Mexico for two years, expelled in the anti–Catholic revolt. Spiritual director of seminaries in Valladolid, Spain and Valencia, Spain. He attempted to return to ministry in Mexico, but priests were being denied entry, and he resumed work administering seminaries, supporting seminarians, and encouraging vocations. Martyred in the Spanish Civil War.
Born
29 October 1893 in Villareal, Castellón, Spain
Died
4 September 1936 in Oropesa, Castellón, Spain
Beatified
1 October 1995 by Pope John Paul II
Saint Irmgard of Süchteln
Also known as
Irmgarda
Profile
Eleventh century Countess of Süchteln in the area of Cologne, Germany, the daughter of the Earl of Aspel. Known for her personal piety, her charity, as a miracle worker, and for dedicating her whole fortune to the construction of churches. Returning from pilgrimage to Rome, Italy, she lived as a hermitess.
Died
• c.1100 in Cologne, Lotaringia (in modern Germany of natural causes
• buried behind the main altar of the cathedral of Cologne
Saint Caletricus of Chartres
Also known as
Caletrico, Chaletricus, Calétric, Caltry
Additional Memorial
7 October (translation of relics)
Profile
Well-educated and well-studied, he was consecrated bishop of Chartres, France c.557; he served for over 20 years. Attended the Council of Tours and the Council of Paris.
Born
529 in Chartres, France
Died
• 580 of natural causes
• relics re-discovered under the altar of the church of Saint Nicholas in 1703
Saint Fredaldo of Mende
Profile
Ninth-century bishop of Mende, Aquitaine (in modern France). Worked to eradicate idolatry in the region. Martyr.
Died
relics in Canourge, France
Patronage
• Chapelle Saint-Frézal-de-la-Canourgue, La Canourgue, France
• Chaulhac, France
• Grèzes, Lozère, France
• Julianges, France
• La Canourgue, France
• Saint-Frézal-d'Albuge, France
• Saint-Frézal-de-Ventalon, France
Saint Candida of Naples
Also known as
Candida the Younger
Profile
Lay woman noted throughout her region for her personal holiness. It was the work of her lifetime to convert her heathen husband and son.
Born
Naples, Italy
Died
• 586 in Naples, Italy of natural causes
• healing oil reported to have flowed from her tomb
Saint Marcellus of Chalon-sur-Saône
Also known as
Marcello
Profile
Martyr.
Died
c.300 in Chalons-sur-Saône, Gallia Lugdunensis (modern France)
Blessed Peter of Saint James
Profile
Mercedarian friar. Ransomed 150 Christians enslaved by in Algiers by Mulsims.
Born
Navarre, Spain
Died
1307 of natural causes
Saint Ultan of Ardbraccan
Profile
Bishop of Ardbraccan, Ireland. Noted for his care of the poor, orphans, and the sick. Thought to have collected the writings of Saint Brigid of Ireland. Illustrated his own manuscripts.
Died
657 of natural causes
Patronage
children
Saint Candida the Elder
Profile
An elderly woman in Naples, Italy who was healed of an illness by Saint Peter the Apostle. She converted and was baptized by Peter. She, in turn, brought Saint Aspren of Naples to the faith.
Died
78 of natural causes
Saint Hermione
Prophetess in the Acts of the Apostles
She was Healer
Saint Hermione's Story
A little-known heroine of the Christian faith, Hermione was the daughter of one of Christ’s apostles. Although she might have made her way to heaven on the coattails of her father, she not only made it on her own, but became a saint herself. Her father was Philip, who at the time of his calling had four daughters. All four daughters of St. Philip were very beautiful and quite talented, but of the four, only Hermione was to follow in her father’s footsteps.
According to Church records, after her father’s death, Hermione journeyed to Asia Minor to find John, the one remaining apostle of the original twelve. But John, who had been preaching at Ephesus when Hermione left her home, died before she could reach him, the only one of the twelve to die a peaceful death. Hermione then resolved to labor in the vineyard of Christ in the tradition of her father.
In 105 she took up the challenge for Christ by working with a highly-respected clergyman, a missionary named Petronius, whose reputation for pious zeal was already established. It was then that Hermione’s skill as a physician was discovered and, with the help of Petronius, she concentrated on the care of the sick and the handicapped. During this time Hermione also began to display the power of prophecy. Her uncanny predictions consistently proved accurate and thus she acquired renown throughout the Roman Empire as a healer and prophet.
On his way to Ephesus to engage the Persians in combat, the Emperor Trajan, who had heard of Hermione’s gifts and had attributed them to some kind of sorcery, summoned her before him. Thinking her talents might be put to his own useful purpose, he insisted that she accompany him in his quest for world domination. When she adamantly refused, he had her flogged in the public square and left her in disgust.
After the death of Trajan, his successor Hadrian summoned Hermione to his court to pass sentence on her. The smoldering envy which he had for Hermione before assuming the throne flared up and he alleged that she had committed various crimes against the state. Well aware of both her father’s and her own Christian devotion, he prodded her with a barrage of questions about the legitimacy of her faith. Finally he demanded that she denounce Christ or suffer punishment. When she refused, Hadrian had her tortured; when she courageously withstood the cruelty, he had her cast into prison, surrounded by several guards. While Hadrian was considering his next move, Hermione was quietly preaching to her captors. They were on the brink of conversion when the order came to place her in the pagan temple, there to be mocked by the pagan gods and the public. God answered Hermione’s prayer by destroying the temple in a violent earthquake, whereupon the enraged ruler sent Hermione back to her captors while he planned her death.
By then the guards had been completely won over to the Christian faith. In one of the most remarkable turnabouts in Church history they whisked their captive away to the safety of the surrounding hills. So committed were they to her safekeeping that the irate emperor was never able to find any trace of either Hermione or of the guards who defied him and had converted to Christianity.
The escape to Christian freedom was an early example of snatching victory from the jaws of death – with assistance from those who held St. Hermione but were won over by her convincing piety. A daughter of an apostle, she proved herself a daughter of the Christian cause as well as a daughter of all mankind in her devotion to Jesus Christ, a devotion she would have had if she had been born the daughter of a beggar.
Thus, although Hermione had faced a certain agonizing death, she was spared so that she might live out her life in peace. When death did come to Hermione, she was in the company of the faithful Christians whom she had converted. After she departed from this life, they carried on her holy work in her memory as well as that of her father.
Profile
One of the daughters of Saint Philip the Deacon who is mentioned in the Acts of the Apostles. Had the gift of prophecy. Martyr.
Died
c.117 at Ephesus
Saint Julian the Martyr
Profile
Martyred in the persecutions of Emperor Maximian Herculeus.
Died
burned at the stake c.310
Saint Thamel
Profile
Pagan priest. Convert to Christianity. Martyred with his sister, whose name has not come down to us, in the persecution of Emperor Hadrian.
Died
martyred in 125
Saint Monessa
Profile
Daughter of an Irish chieftain. Virgin convert of Saint Patrick. She died immediately upon being baptised.
Born
5th century Irish
Died
456
Saint Sulpicius of Bayeux
Profile
Bishop of Bayeux, France from c.838 to 843. Martyred by Vikings.
Died
martyred in 843 in Livry, France
Saint Castus of Ancyra
Profile
One of a group of seventeen martyrs that died together.
Died
martyred at Ancyra, Galatia (in modern Turkey)
Saint Rhuddlad
Also known as
Rhudlad
Profile
Nun.
Born
Welsh
Died
7th century
Patronage
Llanrhyddlad, Anglesey, Wales
Saint Maximus of Ancyra
Profile
One of a group of seventeen martyrs that died together.
Died
at Ancyra, Galatia (in modern Turkey)
Saint Magnus of Ancyra
Profile
One of a group of seventeen martyrs that died together.
Died
at Ancyra, Galatia (in modern Turkey)
Saint Oceanus the Martyr
Profile
Martyred in the persecutions of Emperor Maximian Herculeus.
Died
burned at the stake c.310
Saint Ammianus the Martyr
Profile
Martyred in the persecutions of Maximian Herculeus.
Died
burned at the stake c.310
Saint Theodore the Martyr
Profile
Martyred in the persecutions of Maximian Herculeus.
Died
burned at the stake c.310
Saint Salvinus of Verdun
Profile
Bishop of Verdun, France c.383, serving over 36 years.
Died
c.420 of natural causes
Saint Rebecca of Alexandria
Profile
Martyr.
Died
3rd century in Alexandria, Egypt
Saint Marcellus of Treves
Also known as
Marcellus of Tongres
Profile
Bishop.
Saint Silvanus of Ancyra
Profile
Child martyr.
Died
Ancyra, Galatia
Saint Victalicus
Profile
Child martyr.
Died
martyred in Ancyra, Galatia (in modern Turkey)
Saint Rufinus of Ancyra
Profile
Child martyr.
Died
Ancyra, Galatia
Martyred in the Spanish Civil War
Thousands of people were murdered in the anti-Catholic persecutions of the Spanish Civil War from 1934 to 1939. I have pages on each of them, but in most cases I have only found very minimal information. They are available on the CatholicSaints.Info site through these links:
• Blessed Baltasar Mariano Muñoz Martínez
• Blessed Francisco Sendra Ivars
• Blessed José Vicente Hormaechea Apoita
• Blessed Pedro Sánchez Barba
Also celebrated but no entry yet
• Giuseppe Toniolo
• Joseph the Patriarch
✠ விடெர்போ நகர் புனிதர் ரோஸ் ✠
(St. Rose of Viterbo)
கன்னியர்/ துறவி:
(Virgin and Recluse)
பிறப்பு: கி.பி. 1233
விடெர்போ, திருத்தந்தையர் மாநிலம்
(Viterbo, Papal States)
இறப்பு: மார்ச் 6, 1251
விடெர்போ, திருத்தந்தையர் மாநிலம்
(Viterbo, Papal States)
ஏற்கும் சமயம்:
ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை
(Roman Catholic Church)
புனிதர் பட்டம்: கி.பி. 1457
திருத்தந்தை மூன்றாம் கல்லிஸ்ட்டஸ்
(Pope Callistus III)
முக்கிய திருத்தலம்:
புனிதர் ரோஸ் ஆலயம், விடேர்போ, இத்தாலி
(Church of St. Rose, Viterbo, Italy)
புனிதர் ரோஸ் டி விடேர்போ கத்தோலிக்க ஆலயம், லோங்வியு, வாஷிங்டன்
(Saint Rose de Viterbo Catholic Church, Longview, Washington)
நினைவுத் திருநாள்: செப்டம்பர் 4
பாதுகாவல்:
நாடுகடத்தப்பட்டவர்கள், சமய சபைகளால் நிராகரிக்கப்பட்ட மக்கள், ஃபிரான்சிஸ்கன் சபை இளைஞர்கள் (Franciscan youth), விடெர்போ (Viterbo), இத்தாலி
விடெர்போ நகர் புனிதர் ரோஸ், ஒரு கத்தோலிக்க புனிதராவார். இத்தாலியின் விடெர்போ நகரில் பிறந்த ஒரு இளம்பெண்ணான இவர், திருத்தந்தையருக்கு ஆதரவாக வெளிப்படையாக பேசி வந்தவர் ஆவார். பின்னாளில் தனிமையான துறவியாக மாறிய இவர், எதிர்காலம் பற்றி தீர்க்கதரிசனம் கூறுமளவுக்கு சக்தி படைத்தவராக இருந்தார்.
இவரது வாழ்க்கை சம்பவங்களின் காலம் நிச்சயமற்றதாக இருந்தது. காரணம், இவரது புனிதர் பட்டத்திற்கான தயாரிப்புகள் உள்ளிட்ட பிற நிகழ்வுகள் எவற்றினதும் காலங்கள் எங்கும் குறிப்பிடப்படவில்லை. பெரும்பாலான அறிஞர்களின் கூற்றுப்படி, இவர் கி.பி. 1233ம் ஆண்டில் பிறந்தவர் என நம்பப்படுகிறது.
தெய்வ பக்தியுள்ள, ஏழைப் பெற்றோருக்கு பிறந்த ரோஸ், சிறு வயதிலேயே செபிப்பதிலும் ஏழைகளுக்கு உதவுவதிலும் பெரும் ஆர்வம் கொண்டிருந்தார். மூன்று வயதிலிருந்து தமது தாய்வழி அத்தையிடம் வளர்ந்ததாக கூறப்படுகிறது. பாவிகளின் மனமாற்றத்திற்காக அதிகம் செபித்த இவர், தம்மை ஆன்மீக வாழ்வில் அர்ப்பணித்துக்கொண்டார். பதினெட்டே ஆண்டுகள் வாழ்ந்திருந்த ரோஸின் வாழ்க்கை புனிதம் பெற்றது. சிறு பெண்ணாயினும், ரோஸ் ஜெப வாழ்விலும் வறியோருக்கு உதவுவதிலும் மகிழ்வு கொண்டிருந்தார்.
பெற்றோரின் வீட்டில் இருந்தபோதே, மிகவும் இளம் வயதிலேயே இவரது தவ வாழ்வு தொடங்கியது. மிகவும் கடின வாழ்க்கை வாழ்ந்த ரோஸ், எழைகளின்பால் தாராள மனம் கொண்டிருந்தார்.
இவருக்கு பத்து வயதாகுமுன்னர், தேவ அன்னை கன்னி மரியாள் இவருக்கு தோன்றி, மூன்றாம் நிலை ஃபிரான்சிஸ்கன் (Third Order of St. Francis) சபையில் இணைந்து, விடேர்போ நகரில் தவ முயற்சிகளை போதிக்குமாறு அறிவுறுத்தியதாக கூறப்படுகிறது. அக்காலத்தில், தூய ரோம பேரரசர் (Holy Roman Emperor) “இரண்டாம் ஃபிரடேரிக்” (Frederick II) ஆட்சியில் இருந்தார்.
விரைவிலேயே ஃபிரான்சிஸ்கன் சபையில் இணைந்த இவர், சபையின் சீறுடையான சாதாரண அங்கியை அணிந்துகொண்டார். தெருக்களிலே நடக்கையில் கைகளில் சிலுவையோன்றினை ஏந்தியபடி செல்லும் இவர், கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபைக்கு விசுவாசமாக இருக்கும்படி பிறருக்கு அறிவுறுத்தியபடி செல்வார். பாவங்கள் பற்றியும் இயேசுவின் பாடுகள் பற்றியும் போதிக்க தொடங்கினார்.
தமது 15 வயதில், ஒரு துறவற மடம் ஒன்றினை தொடங்க முயற்சித்த இவர், அம்முயற்சி தோல்வியுறவே, தமது தந்தையின் வீட்டுக்கு திரும்பி, அங்கேயே தனிமையில் செப, தவ முயற்சிகளில் ஈடுபட்டார். ஒவ்வொரு முறையும் தமது தனிமையிலிருந்து வெளிவரும்போதும், மக்களை தவம் செய்ய தூண்டினார். அவரது இந்த மறைப்பணி இரண்டு வருடம்வரை நீடித்தது.
கி.பி. 1250ம் ஆண்டு ஜனவரி மாதம், ரோஸின் சொந்த ஊரான விடெர்போ நகரில் திருத்தந்தைக்கு எதிராக கிளர்ச்சி நடந்தபோது, இவர் திருத்தந்தைக்கு ஆதரவாகவும் பேரரசருக்கு எதிராகவும் செயல்பட்டார். இதன் காரணமாக இவரும் இவரது குடும்பத்தினரும் நகரிலிருந்து கடத்தப்பட்டனர். இவர்கள் மத்திய இத்தாலியின் “லாஸியோ” (Lazio) பிராந்தியத்திலுள்ள “சொரியானோ நெல் சிமினோ” (Soriano nel Cimino) எனும் நகரில் தஞ்சம் புகுந்தனர். திருத்தந்தையின் தரப்பு வென்றதன் பிறகு, இவரும் இவரது பெற்றோரும் நகருக்குள் திரும்பி வர அனுமதிக்கப்பட்டனர்.
கி.பி. 1250ம் ஆண்டு, டிசம்பர் மாதம், ஐந்தாம் தேதியன்று, பேரரசர் விரைவிலேயே இறந்துபோவார் என்று ரோஸ் முன்னறிவித்தார். அவரது தீர்க்கதரிசனம் டிசம்பர் 13ம் நாளன்று நிறைவேறியது. பேரரசர் இறந்துபோனார்.
ரோஸ், விடெர்போ நகரிலுள்ள “தூய மரியாளின் எளிய கிளாரா” (Poor Clare Monastery of St. Mary) துறவு மடத்தில் இணைய விரும்பினார். ஆனால், அவரிடம் அதற்காக தரவேண்டிய தட்சினை இல்லாத ஏழ்மை காரணத்தால் அவர் நிராகரிக்கப்பட்டார். அவர்களது நிராகரிப்பை ஏற்றுக்கொண்ட அவர், ஆயினும் அவரது இறப்புக்குப் பிறகு மடாலயத்திற்கு அவள் அனுமதி அளிப்பதாக முன்னறிவித்தார்.
இவரது முயற்சி தோல்வியடையவே, இவர் தமது தந்தையின் வீட்டிலேயே ஜெப, தவ வாழ்வினைத் தொடர்ந்தார். அங்கேயே, தமது பதினெட்டாம் வயதிலே ரோஸ் மரணமடைந்தார்.
✠ St. Rose of Viterbo ✠
Virgin and Recluse:
Born: 1233 AD
Viterbo, Papal States
Died: March 6, 1251
Viterbo, Papal States
Venerated in:
Roman Catholic Church
Canonized: 1457
Pope Callistus III
Major Shrines:
Church of St. Rose, Viterbo, Italy
Saint Rose de Viterbo Catholic Church Longview, Washington
Feast: September 4
Patronage:
People in Exile; People Rejected by Religious Orders; Franciscan Youth, Viterbo, Italy
St. Rose of Viterbo, was a young woman born in Viterbo, then a contested commune of the Papal States. She spent her brief life as a recluse, who was outspoken in her support of the papacy. Otherwise leading an unremarkable life, she later became known for her mystical gifts of prophecy and having miraculous powers. She is honoured as a saint by the Catholic Church.
St. Rose of Viterbo was a prophetic young girl who inspired her homeland to stand with the Vatican in a dispute with an emperor.
Frederick II was emperor of the Holy Roman Empire in the 13th century. He came into conflict with the pope, who excommunicated him. In response, Frederick began attacking the papal states. In 1240, he conquered the region of Viterbo, Italy.
Rose was born in Viterbo and lived there with her poor parents during this conflict. When she was 8 years old, Rose fell ill, and during her sickness, she received a vision from Mary, who told her that she was to give her life to pursuing holiness just as St. Francis did. Mary told the girl that she was to take the habit of the Franciscans, but that she was not to live in a convent—she should stay at home and set an example by her words and deeds.
After she recovered, Rose took on the rough cloak of a penitent and continued to ponder this vision. When she was 12, she began preaching in the streets against Frederick’s occupation, in an effort to incite the city to overthrow the regime. Rumours spread that she worked miracles as she spoke, and soon a crowd began to gather around her house.
The attention made Rose’s father nervous, and he forbade her from leaving the house under threat of a beating. “If Jesus could be beaten for me, I can be beaten for him,” she replied. “I do what he has told me to do, and I must not disobey him.” When their parish priest insisted that she be free to preach, he relented.
For two more years, she continued to speak in public about the occupation. As her popularity grew, authorities called for her execution, but the city’s magistrate sent her and her family into exile instead.
When Frederick died in 1250, the Vatican’s forces won the day and Rose and her parents moved back to Viterbo. Rose sought entrance into the local convent but was denied because she did not have a dowry. “Very well,” she replied with a smile. “You will not have me now, but perhaps you will be more willing when I am dead.”
She continued to live with her parents, leading a life of prayer and service, but she died young, at the age of 17. Six years later, due to her popularity, her body was transferred to the chapel of the convent she once tried to enter. The church burned down in 1357, but her body was preserved and was carried through the city in a procession every year.
That tradition continues today with an annual festival in Viterbo that features dozens of men carrying a giant platform through the city on Sept. 3, the night before her feast day. The platform (pictured here by Amras Carnesîr) stands several stories high and atop it is placed a statue of St. Rose. The video below depicts the festival in Viterbo.
