இன்றைய புனிதர்கள் ஜீன் 06

 Bl. Walter Pierson

Feastday: June 6

Death: 1537

Carthusian martyr of England. A member of the Carthusian Charterhouse of London, he served as a lay brother and was arrested with his companions by English authorities for opposing the religious policies of King Henry VIII (r. 1509-1547). With six other Carthusians, he was starved to death in prison.

Bl. Robert Salt

Feastday: June 6

Death: 1537

 

Carthusian martyr. Robert was a lay brother in the Carthusian community of London who, with six other members of the order, was starved to death at Newgate by order of King Henry VIII of England  after they resisted his Dissolution of the Monasteries.

St. Philip the Deacon

Feastday: June 6

All that is known of Philip is what we are told in Acts in the Bible. He is one of the seven chosen to assist the Apostles by ministering to the needy members of the Church so the Apostles could be free to preach the Gospels. He was the first to preach in Samaria, where he converted Simon Magus and then a eunuch who was chief treasurer of the Queen of Ethiopia on the road from Jerusalem to Gaza. Philip preached in the coastal cities on the way to his home at Caesarea, and twenty-four years later, St. Paul stayed at his home in Caesarea, where he still lived with his four unmarried daughters. A Greek tradition has him become Bishop of Tralles, Lydia. He was so successful in his preaching that he was sometimes surnamed "the Evangelist," which has sometimes caused him to be confused with Philip the Apostle. His feast day is June 6.

Not to be confused with Philip the Apostle.

Philip the Evangelist (Greek: Φίλιππος, Philippos) appears several times in the Acts of the Apostles. He was one of the Seven chosen to care for the poor of the Christian community in Jerusalem (Acts 6). He preached and reportedly performed miracles in Samaria, and met and baptised an Ethiopian man, a eunuch, on the road from Jerusalem to Gaza, traditionally marking the start of the Ethiopian Church (Acts 8:26-39). Later, Philip lived in Caesarea Maritima with his four daughters who prophesied, where he was visited by Paul the Apostle (Acts 21:8-9).

New Testament

Philip bore a Greek name. He is first mentioned in the Acts of the Apostles (6:5) as one of "Seven Deacons" who were chosen to attend to certain temporal affairs of the church in Jerusalem in consequence of the murmurings of the Hellenists against the Hebrews.

After the martyrdom of Stephen he went to "the city of Samaria", where he preached with much success, Simon Magus being one of his converts. He afterwards was told by an angel of the Lord to go to the road between Jerusalem and Gaza. There he instructed and baptized the Ethiopian eunuch; next he was "caught away" by the Spirit and "found at Azotus" (Ashdod); and then "passing through he preached in all the cities till he came to Caesarea" (Acts 8).

Here some years afterwards, according to Acts 21:8–9, where he is described as "the evangelist" (a term found again in the New Testament only in Ephesians 4:11; 2 Timothy 4:5), he entertained Paul the Apostle and his companion on their way to Jerusalem; at that time "he had four daughters, virgins, which did prophesy".[1]

Tradition

A stained glass diptych showing the baptisms of the Ethiopian eunuch by St. Philip the Evangelist and of Jesus Christ by St. John the Baptist, from the Cathedral of the Incarnation (Garden City, New York).

At a very early period he came to be confused with the Philip the Apostle; the confusion was all the more easy because, as an esteemed member of the apostolic company, he may readily have been described as an apostle in the wider sense of that word, beyond the original 12 Apostles.[2] A late tradition describes him as settling at Tralles in Anatolia, where he became the bishop of that church.[1]

"St Philip the Deacon" is commemorated on October 11 in the Eastern Orthodox Church, in the Roman Rite,[3] the Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod,[4] and in the Anglican communion including, for example, the U.S. Episcopal Church, and the Anglican Church of Southern Africa. Additionally, in the Eastern Orthodox Church, Philip is counted among the Seventy Apostles, and is referred to as a Protodeacon; this feast day is celebrated on January 4.

Bl. Maria Karlowska

Feastday: June 6

Birth: 1865

Death: 1935

Beatified: Pope John Paul II

Maria Karlowska (1865-1935)was a Polish nun, founder of the Sisters of the Divine Shepherd.

She had ten older siblings. An inhabitant of Pozna? in 1882 made ??a vow of chastity. After the course has been cutting and sewing instructor in embroidery and sewing workshop, also took the charity. Her social work among the poor, the sick and broken families Poznan resulted in the foundation of educational establishments - hospitals and rehabilitation for patients with venereal diseases, for girls and women, "the street" called Houses of the Good Shepherd.

In 1894, she founded the Congregation of the Sisters of the Divine Shepherd, and has developed its Constitution, and the ascetic books, educational and practical, containing an exhaustive indication of the sisters use to this day. In 1902, religious vows, adding a fourth - the vow of consecration to the work of people lost morally.

Winiary worked in the village (now a district of Poznan), in Victorines near Lublin, Toru?, ?ód?, in Pniewitem and Topolnie, Jablonow Pomeranian creating biscuits factory, model farm and agricultural school. She founded nine centers in the care and assistance were women from the margins of society. The Polish authorities have distinguished themselves in 1928, her Golden Cross of Merit for community service and good przymna?anie Church and Motherland.

She died in holiness, and in the "Courier from Warsaw" was written about her, that "(...) a star on the horizon was a Polish charity. One of these, which tend to be lit by hand of the Almighty so that people do not believe in the survival of the dark and had the courage to live until morning "

St. Nilammon

Feastday: June 6

Egyptian hermit. According to tradition, he was named a bishop but refused the honor, going so far as to blockade his cell. He died while in prayer and with a group of pleading bishops standing outside his fortified hermitage.

St. Mariam Thresia Chiramel Mankidiyan

Feastday: June 6

Patron: The Congregation of the Holy Family

Birth: April 26, 1876

Death: June 8, 1926

Beatified: Pope John Paul II on April 9, 2000

Canonized: Pope Francis on October 13, 2019

St. Mariam Thresia, born Thresia Chiramel Mankidiyan, was the founder of the Congregation of the Holy Family. The Indian Syro-Malabar Catholic nun was best known for her frequent visions and ecstasies, as well as receiving the stigmata.

Thresia Chiramel Mankidiyan was born in Puthenchira in Irinjalakuda Revenue Division of Thissur district on April 26, 1876 to Thoma and Thanda. Thresia, named in honor of St. Teresa of Avila, was baptized on May 3, 1876.

The Mankidiyan family was once rich, but after Thresia's grandfather married off seven daughters, selling property for each dowry, they became poor.

As a young girl, St. Mariam Thresia dedicated herself to the Lord and practiced severe fasts and night vigils. She also made a private vow to remain chaste and was moved by an intense desire to love God. Her worried mother desperately tried to discourage her pious daughter from these activities, because she was starting to thin down.

On May 2, 1888, Thresia's mother passed away. After her mother's death, Thresia left behind her elementary school education and began her search to discern her own vocation in life. Thresia devised a plan to leave her home for a life of penance in the hills, but she changed her mind and returned home to her family.

Thresia was heavily involved in apostolic work with poor families during her late 20s. She helped the poor, nursed the sick, visited and comforted the lonely people of her parish.

She desired a formal area where she and her friends could continue their work, so in 1903, Thresia approached the Archbishop of Thrissur, Mar John Menachery, with the request to build a house of retreat. He denied her request and suggested she try to join a religious congregation instead. He recommended she join the new Congregation of the Franciscan Clarists. However, Thresia left, as she didn't feel a calling toward it.

Throughout much of her life, Thresia received several different spiritual experiences, like prophecy, healing, aura of light, and sweet odor. She also had frequent ecstasies and levitations. On Fridays, people would gather around to witness St. Mariam Thresia lifted high and hanging in the form of a crucifix on her bedroom wall.

She also bore a stigmata, similar to St. Padre Pio's, but she kept it hidden from the public. Thresia was also tormented by diabolical attacks and vexations throughout a lot of her life. Bishops began to wonder if Thresia might be a plaything for the devil.

From the years 1902 to 1905, Thresia was subjected to several different exorcisms by the Venerable Joseph Vithayathil, under the Bishop's orders.

Years after leaving the Congregation of the Franciscan Clarists, in November 1912, St. Mariam Thresia joined the Carmelites at Ollur. However, she left after a couple of months because she insisted, she did not feel drawn to them either.

In 1913, she was permitted to set up her own house at Puthenchira and on May 14, 1914, she founded the Congregation of the Holy Family. She became the first superior of the order. They led a life of prayer and strict penance, much like hermits. However, they continued to visit with the sick and help the poor and needy.

In 1926, an object fell on Thresia's leg, causing a wound. Her injuries continued getting worse, and she was admitted to the local hospital. The doctors deemed her condition to be fatal, and she was moved back to her convent. On June 7, 1926, she received her final sacraments and the Viaticum.

A day later, at 10:00 pm, St. Mariam Thresia died from her leg wound, exacerbated from her diabetes. Her final words were, "Jesus, Mary and Joseph; I give you my heart and my soul."

St. Mariam Thresia was beatified by Pope John Paul II on April 9, 2000 and canonized by Pope Francis on October 13, 2019. She is the patron saint of the Congregation of the Holy Family and her feast day is celebrated on June 8.

Mariam Thresia (born Thresia Chiramel Mankidiyan; 26 April 1876 – 8 June 1926) was an Indian Syro-Malabar Catholic professed religious and the founder of the Congregation of the Holy Family.[1] She was born in Puthenchira, a village of Kerala, India. Thresia Mankidiyan became known for receiving frequent visions and ecstasies as well as even receiving the stigmata which she kept well-guarded. She had been involved in apostolic work her entire life and pushed for strict adherence to the rule of her order amongst her fellow religious.[2][3]

Pope John Paul II beatified the late nun on 9 April 2000. Pope Francis approved a second miracle attributed to her at the beginning of 2019 and she was canonized on 13 October 2019.

BL. John Davy

Feastday: June 6

Death: 1537

Carthusian martyr of England. A member of the Carthusian Charterhouse of London, he was an opponent of the Act of Supremacy of King Henry VIII. and was arrested and starved to death in Newgate Prison with six Carthusian companions. John was beatified in 1886.

"Martirio de los cartujos de Mauerbach" (Martyrdom of the Mauerbach Carthusians) Vicente Carducho. 1642

The Carthusian martyrs are those members of the Carthusian monastic order who have been persecuted and killed because of their Christian faith and their adherence to the Catholic religion. As an enclosed order the Carthusians do not, on principle, put forward causes for their members, though causes have been promoted by others on their behalf.

The order

The Carthusian order was founded in 1084 by St. Bruno of Cologne, and is an eremitic order, holding to the principle of withdrawal from the world to a life of silent contemplation and prayer. They are often viewed as hermits that live in common, having no active apostolate outside their Charterhouse. Carthusian life is dramatically different as compared to Benedictine Monasticism, the most prevalent form in the west. Today the Carthusians are a small order comprising 25 houses worldwide with just 350 male and 75 female members.

The Martyrs

During the Hussite Revolution in Bohemia in the 15th century Carthusian houses, as with other Catholic institutions, came under attack. In 1419 the charterhouse in Prague was burned down.[1]

Dom Andreas, prior of Žiče Charterhouse, was captured during an Ottoman raid and martyred on March 3, 1529.[2] The Mauerbach Charterhouse on the outskirts of Vienna, Austria, was plundered and set on fire by Ottoman troops during the 1529 Siege of Vienna, and was again targeted by the Ottomans during the 1683 Battle of Vienna, though there seems no precise record of the names of monks killed in either assault.

In 1537 during the English Reformation the London Charterhouse was dissolved and its members imprisoned and later executed. Eighteen of these, the Carthusian Martyrs of London, were beatified in 1886 by Pope Leo XIII;[3] three of these (Augustine Webster, John Houghton and Robert Lawrence) were canonized in 1970 by Pope Paul VI with other English martyrs as the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales.

In 1572 during the Dutch Revolt the Charterhouses of Delft and Roermond were attacked, resulting in the deaths of Dom Justus van Schoonhoven and at least two others.[4]

During the French Revolution numerous Carthusians were persecuted with other Catholic religious and lay persons. Claude Beguignot and Lazarus Tiersot were ordained Carthusians. As priests, they were required to take the anti-Papal oath of the "Civil Constitution of the Clergy". At their refusal they were imprisoned along with eight other Carthusians in former slave ships anchored in the Charente River at Rochefort. Like most of 800 priests and clergy confined there, they died in 1794 due to the inhumane conditions.[5] They were beatified by Pope John Paul II in 1995.[6]

In 1936, during the Spanish Civil War, Carthusians were affected by the widespread anti-clericalism; two of these, from the Charterhouse of Montalegre, have so far been recognized.

In September 1944, monks from the charterhouse at Certosa di Farneta opened their doors to troops from the 16th SS Panzergrenadier Division, who said they came bearing gifts for the abbey. They broke into the monastery to arrest 32 partisans and Jews being sheltered in the monastery. Some of the refugees were able to escape. Of the more than sixty killed, twelve were Carthusians.[7] Among the twelve Carthusians killed were two Germans, one Swiss, one Venezuelan, and one Spaniard. The remaining monks were also from diverse countries. Those killed were:

Benedetto Lapuente,

Bruno D'Amico,

Raffaele Cantero,

Adriano Compagnon,

Adriano Clerc,

Michele Nota,

Giorgio Maritano,

Pio Egger,

Martino Binz,

Gabriele Maria Costa,

Bernardo Montes de Oca

Aldo Mei

St. Jarlath

Feastday: June 6

Patron: of Archdiocese of Tuam

Death: 540

St. Jarlath, Bishop (Feast - June 6th) Jarlath is regarded as the founder and principle patron of the Archdiocese of Tuam in Galway, Ireland. He belonged to the Conmaicne family, perhaps the most important and powerful family in Galway during that period.  Jarlath was trained by a holy man and ordained a priest along with his cousin. He then founded the monastery of Cluain Fois, just outside Tuam, and presided over that monastery as abbot-bishop. Later, Jarlath opened a school attached to the monastery, one which soon became known as a great center of learning. St. Brendan of Clonfert and St. Colman of Cloyne were among his pupils at the school. Jarlath died around 550 A.D.

St. Gotteschalk

Feastday: June 6

Patron: of languages, linguists, lost vocations, princes, translators

Death: 1066

Martyred prince of the Wends who denied the faith when his father was slain by Christian Saxons. He served in the army of King Canute of Denmark, married Canute's daughter, and became a Christian again. Taking over his former lands, Gotteschalk brought in Saxon monks and built churches. He was murdered by agents of his brother-in-law at Lenzen on the Elbe River. There is considerable doubt concerning Gotteschalk's martyrdom and sanctity.

Saint Gottschalk (or Godescalc) (Latin: Godescalcus) (died 7 June 1066)[1] was a prince of the Obotrite confederacy from 1043 to 1066. He established a Slavic kingdom on the Elbe (in the area of present-day northeastern Germany) in the mid-11th century. His object in life seems to have been to collect the scattered tribes of the Slavs into one kingdom, and to make that kingdom Christian.[2]

"A pious and god-fearing man",[3] Gottschalk effected the Christianisation of the Slavic tribes of the Elbe. He organised missions of German priests and founded monasteries at Oldenburg, Mecklenburg,[4] Ratzeburg, Lübeck, and Lenzen, erecting the first three into dioceses. He himself often accompanied the missionaries on their work and augmented their message with his own explanations and instructions. In all this, he was supported by the efforts of Adalbert, Archbishop of Hamburg. However, the Obotrite nobility and peasantry largely remained pagan.

Life

Gottschalk's father Udo was a bad Christian (male christianus according to Adam of Bremen[5]) whose own father, Mistiwoi, had renounced the new religion for the old Slavic paganism. Udo sent his son to be educated at the monastery of St Michael at Lenzen and later at Lüneburg. After a Saxon murdered Udo in 1028, Gottschalk renounced Christianity and took over the leadership of the Liutizi to avenge his father. He killed many Saxons before Duke Bernard II of Saxony defeated and captured him; his lands went to Ratibor of the Polabians.

Re-converted to Christianity, Gottschalk was released and sent to Denmark with many of his people to serve King Canute the Great in his wars with Norway. He was sent to England with Canute's son Sweyn.[citation needed]

Sven Estridson, Jarl of Denmark, desired independence from King Magnus I of Norway in 1042. Because Magnus was supported by his brother-in-law, Bernard II, Sven achieved an alliance with the Obotrites through the mediation of Gottschalk. However, the Obotrite chief Ratibor was killed in a siege by Magnus in 1043. The death of Ratibor and his sons allowed Gottschalk, who married Sven's daughter Sigrid, to seek the inheritance of his father Udo as Prince of the Obodrites. During the so-called Liutizi Civil War (Lutizischer Bruderkrieg) of 1057, Gottschalk conquered the Circipani and Kessini. He secured the territory through the building of new fortresses; the old fortifications of the conquered tribes were removed. He subdued the Liutizi and the diocese of Bremen "feared him as king" and paid him tribute. He nurtured alliance with his Christian neighbours, Scandinavian and German and joined in an alliance with Duke Bernard and King Magnus to defeat the Liutizi in battle.

Allied with the Lutici, the Obotrites murdered Gottschalk in a 1066 rebellion, capturing the castle of Lenzen and forcing his sons Henry and Budivoj to flee to Denmark and to Lüneburg respectively. Initially the Lutici-Obotrie alliance was led by Blus, but after his death in 1066, Kruto, whose power-base was Wagria, replaced him. Budivoj campaigned against Kruto with Saxon assistance, but was killed at Plön in 1075. Henry succeeded in avenging his father's death by killing Kruto at a feast in 1090.

Gottschalk's feast is the day of his death, according to the Carthusians of Brussels in the Martyrology of Usuardus. The primary sources for his life are Adam of Bremen and Helmold. "Had he lived, he would have brought all pagans to the Christian faith."[2] His son Henry later championed the missionary work of Vicelinus.

St. Filippo Smaldone

Feastday: June 6

Birth: 1848

Death: 1923

Beatified: 8 May 1996, Vatican by John Paul II

Canonized: October 15, 2006, Vatican by Pope Benedict XVI

Saint Filippo Smaldone (July 27, 1848 - June 4, 1923) is a saint in the Roman Catholic Church. He founded the Salesian Sisters of the Sacred Hearts and is known for his work with the deaf.

Filippo Smaldone (27 July 1848 – 4 June 1923) was an Italian Roman Catholic priest and the founder of the Salesian Sisters of the Sacred Hearts. Smaldone is best known for his extensive work with the deaf during his lifetime.[1][2] Smaldone was a gifted preacher known for his commitment to proper catechesis and to the care of orphans and the mute, which earned him civic recognition.[3]

Smaldone's sainthood cause commenced in 1964 and in 1995 he became titled as Venerable under Pope John Paul II who soon after beatified him in mid-1996. Pope Benedict XVI canonized him as a saint of the Catholic Church on 15 October 2006 in Saint Peter's Square.[4]

Life

Filippo Smaldone was born in Naples in 1848 as the first of seven children to Antonio Smaldone and Maria Concetta De Luca. He made his First Communion in 1858 and received his Confirmation in 1862.

He almost failed the examination for minor orders because he did not want to abandon his apostolate for his studies. He returned to Naples in 1876 – with the permission of the Cardinal Archbishop of Naples Sisto Riario Sforza – after a period of education in the Archdiocese of Rossano-Cariati.[2][4] He was made a subdeacon on 31 July 1870 and ordained a deacon on 27 March 1871.

Smaldone was ordained to the priesthood on 23 September 1871. During his studies he began efforts to help the deaf of Naples and also did work with the sick. But at one stage he grew depressed, being frustrated over his mute students. He asked to give up teaching in favor of going to the foreign missions. But his spiritual director convinced him to remain and to continue his work.[3] Smaldone almost died of cholera when it struck the area in 1884, and he credited his survival to the Madonna.[1] In 1885 he founded an institution for the deaf and for the mute at Lecce on 25 March 1855 with the assistance of Lorenzo Apicella and several nuns that he had under his care. He opened several other branches of his order in 1897 in both Rome and Bari. On 18 December 1912, his order was aggregated to the Order of Friars Minor. .[2][4] The order went on to receive the decree of praise from Pope Benedict XV on 30 November 1915 and full papal approval from Pope Pius XI after Smaldone's death on 21 June 1925.

Smaldone founded both the Eucharistic League of Priest Adorers and the Eucharistic League of Women Adorers to promote the Eucharist and he also served for a brief period of time as the superior of the Missionaries of Saint Francis de Sales.[3] The civic authorities commended and recognized him for his work as did religious authorities who made him a canon of the Lecce Cathedral. In 1880 he was sent to Milan as an expert at a conference of teachers for the deaf.[4]

He died on 4 June 1923 at 9:00 pm from diabetes-related complications combined with heart difficulties. His remains were later relocated in 1942 to the order's motherhouse. In 2005 there was a total of 40 houses with 398 religious in nations such as Rwanda and Moldova.

Sainthood

The canonization cause commenced in an informative process that opened in 1964 under Pope Paul VI and concluded its business sometime after this. The introduction to this process titled him as a Servant of God. The Congregation for the Causes of Saints validated this process in Rome on 23 May 1989 and received the Positio in 1989 which allowed for theologians to approve it on 3 February 1995 and the C.C.S. to likewise approve the cause on 16 May 1995. Pope John Paul II declared Smaldone to be Venerable on 11 July 1995 after the pope confirmed that the priest had indeed lived a model Christian life of heroic virtue.

The miracle needed for beatification was investigated and then validated on 7 May 1993 while a medical board later approved it on 1 June 1995. Theologians also assented to this miracle on 27 October 1995 as did the C.C.S. on 12 December 1995. John Paul II issued formal assent needed and deemed that the healing was a miracle attributed to Smaldone's intercession on 12 January 1996, and presided over Smaldone's beatification on 12 May 1996. The process for a second miracle spanned from 2000 to 2002 at which point it received validation on 4 April 2003 before receiving the assent of the medical board on 3 February 2005; theologians assented to it on 17 May 2005 as did the C.C.S. on 17 January 2006. Pope Benedict XVI approved this on 28 April 2006 and canonized Smaldone in Saint Peter's Square on 15 October 2006.

St. Branwallader

Feastday: June 6

Death: 6th century

Bishop of Jersey, England. A part of his remains were translated by King Athelstan in 935.

Branwalator or Breward, also referred to as Branwalader, was a British saint whose relics lay at Milton Abbas in Dorset and Branscombe in Devon. Believed to come from Brittany, he also gives his name to the parish of Saint Brélade, Jersey. "Brelade" is a corruption of "Branwalader". He is also known as Breward or Branuvelladurus or Brélade and Broladre in French.

Life

Branwalator was a British monk, who is said to have been a bishop in Jersey, although at the time, Jersey would have been part of the ancient diocese of Dol. As with many of the early saints of this part of the world, it is difficult to separate fact from fiction.

However, it is believed that Branwalator worked with Saint Samson in Cornwall and the Channel Islands, where he is remembered in Jersey in the parish name St Brelade and at Cornwall in the parish name of St Breward. He may also have travelled with Samson to Brittany in northern France.

In the Exeter martyrology, Branwalator is described as the son of the Cornish king, Kenen. This is the main source of hagiographical information regarding this saint, which otherwise is sparse.

Veneration

Branwalator's feast day (in Jersey) is 6 June. In Cornwall he has feast days on 9 February and 6 June; 19 January maybe the day of the translation of his relics. In the Middle Ages, his feast was kept at Winchester, Exeter, and in Cornwall.

King Athelstan, who founded Milton Abbey in Dorset, obtained some of the saint's relics (an arm or head) from Breton clerics fleeing Northmen and moved them to Milton Abbey in 935. William Worcestre claimed that the body itself was at Branston (or Branscombe) in Devon, and Leland referred to a chapel of Saint Breward near Seaton. The proper name of Milton Abbey is the Abbey Church of St. Mary, St. Samson and St. Branwalader.

The cultus of Saint Branwalator has been strong at least from the 10th-century when his name could be found in litanies. His feast was kept at Winchester, Exeter, and in Cornwall. In Brittany, he has sometimes been confused with Saint Brendan and Saint Brannock (Benedictines, Farmer)

Saint Rafael Guízar y Valencia

Profile

One of eleven children born to Prudenzio Guizar and Natividad Valencia, wealthy and pious land owners. Ordained in 1901. Conducted missions throughout Mexico. Founded the Congregation of Missionaries of Our Lady of Hope in 1903. Apostolic missionary in 1905. Spiritual director in the major seminary of Zamora, Mexico. Used his family's money to found a school for poor girls. Founded two colleges for boys.

In 1911 a state persecution of the Church began. His Congregation was dissolved and his missionary work was prohibited, so Father Raphael continued his work illegally. He founded a Catholic magazine in Mexico City, which the government quickly shut down. Raphael went on the road, disguised as a travelling merchant or musician, ministering to the poor and preaching when he could. He was shot at several times by soldiers, and condemned to death in absentia. In 1916 the authorities were so close on his trail that Raphael fled Mexico, first to the United States and then to Guatemala where he spent a year preaching missions. Preached in Cuba from 1917 to 1919. Named bishop of Veracruz-Jalapa, Mexico on 1 August 1919; he received word of the appointment while preaching in Havana. He continued his missionary work in Colombia, but finally returned to Veracruz, Mexico on 4 January 1920.

The government persecution of the Church escalated. The diocesan seminary was shut down; Bishop Raphael transferred his students to Mexico City and continued their training covertly. In 1931 Governor Tejada of Veracruz decreed that there could only be one priest per 100,000 Catholics; Raphael shut all his churches in protest. Tejeda ordered that Raphael be shot on sight; Raphael went straight to the governor's palace and walked into his office. Tejeda feared the uprising that killing such a man would cause, and revoked the death sentence; Raphael spent the rest of his days fighting to continue the work of the Church in the face of government opposition.

Born

26 April 1877 at Cotija, Michoacan, Mexico

Died

6 June 1938 in Mexico City, Mexico of natural causes

Canonized

15 October 2006 by Pope Benedict XVI

Saint Marcellin-Joseph-Benoît Champagnat

Profile

Entered the seminary at age 16. Student with Saint John Marie Vianney. Ordained in 1816. Founded the Little Brothers of Mary (Marists) in 1817 mainly involving boys in their late teens with a great devotion of Our Lady who wanted to teach and help bring the Word to other young men. Today there are about 5,000 Marist Brothers in 72 countries; their slogan A Heart Without Borders.

Born

20 May 1789 at Hameau du Rosey, Lyon, France

Died

6 June 1840 in in Saint-Chamond, Loire, France of natural causes

Beatified

• 29 May 1955 by Pope Pius XII

• the investigation included the October 1939 cure of Mrs Georgina Grondin from a malignant tumour in Waterville, Maine, USA, and the 12 November 1941 cure of John Ranaivo from cerebrospinal meningitis, in Antsirabe, Madagascar

Canonized

• 18 April 1999 by Pope John Paul II

• the investigation include the July 1976 cure of Brother Heriberto Weber Nellessen, in Montevideo, Uruguay

Saint Norbert of Xanten

 தூய நார்பர்ட்

பேராயர், 

பிறந்து : 680,

இறந்தது : 755 ஜூன் 06 

ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை 

நினைவுத் திருநாள்: : ஜூன் 06 

நார்பர்ட் 1080 ஆம் ஆண்டு ரின்லாந்துக்கு (Rhine Land) அருகில் உள்ள சேன்டேன் (Xanten) என்னும் ஊரில் பிறந்தார். நார்பர்டின் குடும்பம் மிக வசதியான குடும்பம். அதனால் அவர் தன்னுடைய வாழ்க்கையை மிக உல்லாசமாக வாழத் தொடங்கினார். வளர்ந்து பெரியவரான பிறகு மன்னர் ஐந்தாம் ஹென்றியின் அரசபையில் ஆலோசராக பணியாற்றிவந்தார். 

எதைப் பற்றியும் கவலைப்படாமல் ஆடம்பரமாக வாழ்ந்துவந்த நார்பர்ட் ஒருநாள் தன்னுடைய குதிரையில் பக்கத்து ஊருக்குப் போய்க்கொண்டிருந்தார். அப்போது வானத்திலிருந்து விழுந்த மின்னல் ஒன்று அவரைத் தாக்க அவர் அப்படியே தரையில் விழுந்தார். ஆனால் அதிர்ஷ்டவசமாக அவர் உயிர்பிழைத்தார். அப்போது அவர் மேலே அண்ணார்ந்து பார்ந்து, “ஆண்டவரே! நான் என்ன செய்யவேண்டும்?” என்று கேட்க, “நீ உன் பாவ வழிகளை விட்டு, புதிய வாழ்க்கை வாழ்” என்று குரல் ஒலித்தது. உடனே அவர் எழுந்து சென்று தன்னுடைய சொத்துகளை எல்லாம் விற்று ஏழைகளுக்குக் கொடுத்துவிட்டு குருத்துவ வாழ்விற்குத் தன்னையே தயாரிக்கத் தொடங்கினார். 

குருவாக அருட்பொழிவு செய்யப்பட்ட பிறகு திருத்தந்தை இரண்டாம் ஜெலஸ்டசை சந்தித்த நார்பர்ட் அவரிடம், “நான் எங்கே சென்று பணியாற்றுவது?” என்று கேட்டார். திருத்தந்தையோ அவரை வடக்கு பிரான்சுக்குச் சென்று பணிசெய்யுமாறு கேட்டுக்கொண்டார். திருத்தந்தையின் வேண்டுகோளுக்கு இணங்க அவர் வடக்கு பிரான்சுக்குச் சென்று அங்கு நற்செய்தியை அறிவிக்கும் பணியை மிகச் சிறப்பாக செய்து வந்தார். இயல்பிலே போதிக்கும் திறமையைக் கைவரப் பெற்றிருந்த நாபார்ட் இறைவனின் வார்த்தையை வல்லமையோடு போதித்து நிறைய மக்களை ஆண்டவருக்கும் கொண்டு வந்து சேர்த்தார். மட்டுமல்லாமல அவரால் ஈர்க்கப்பட்ட நிறைய இளைஞர்கள் அவரோடு சேர்ந்தார். அதனால் ‘நார்பட்டையன்’ என்னும் புதிய சபை உதயமானது. சில ஆண்டுகளிலே அது பல்வேறு இடங்களுக்குப் பரவியது. 

இறைவனின் வாக்கை துணிச்சலோடு எடுத்துரைத்த நார்பர்ட் நற்கருணை பக்தியில் மிகவும் சிறந்து விளங்கினார். இவர் நற்கருண மீது கொண்ட பக்திதான் இவருக்கு எல்லாப் பணிகளையும் மிகச் சிறப்பாகச் செய்ய உதவி புரிந்தது. இதற்கிடையில் இவரை மாக்டபர்க் நகரின் ஆயராகத் திருநிலைப்படுத்தினார்கள். ஆயராக உயர்ந்த இவர் மக்களை ஆண்டவருக்கு உகந்த பாதையில் வழிநடத்திச் சென்றார். இப்படி பலவேறு ஆன்மீகப் பணிகளைச் செய்து வந்த ஆயர் நார்பர்ட் 1134 ஆம் ஆண்டு ஜூன் 6 ஆம் நாள் தன்னுடைய இன்னுயிரைத் துறந்தார்.

Also known as

• Norbert of Kingdown

• Norbert of Magdeburg

Profile

Born to the nobility, Norbert was raised around the royal court and served as almoner for Emperor Henry V. In the court he developed a very worldly view, and took holy orders as a career move, joining the Benedictines at Siegburg. A narrow escape from death led to a conversion experience, and he began taking his vows seriously. He tried to reform his order's local house, then became a wandering preacher. He founded a community of Augustinian canons at Premontre, France; they became known as the Norbertines or Premonstratensians, and started a reform movement that swept through European monastic houses.

Friend of Blessed Godfrey of Cappenberg. Archbishop of Magdeburg, Germany. Reformed the clergy in his see, using force when necessary. Worked with Saint Bernard of Clairvaux and Saint Hugh of Grenoble to heal the schism caused by the death of Pope Honorius II. Fought heresy in Cambrai, France with the help of Saint Waltmann.

Born

c.1080 at Xanten, Germany

Died

• 6 June 1134 at Magdeburg, Germany

• relics in Prague

Canonized

1582 by Pope Gregory XIII

Patronage

• against birth complication

• for peace

• Bohemia

• archdiocese of Magdeburg, Germany

Blessed Józef Wojciech Guz

Also known as

Innocent, Innocenty

Additional Memorial

12 June as one of the 108 Polish Martyrs of World War II

Profile

After high school Jozef tried to join the Jesuits, but was turned down. On 25 August 1908 be joined the Franciscans, taking the name Innocenty. Studied philosophy and theology in Krakow, Poland. Ordained on 2 June 1914. Parish priest in a number of cities, and worked with Saint Maximilian Kolbe. Confessor to a Franciscan monastery at Niepokalanów, Poland from 1933 to 1936. Vice-master of clerics and singing teacher in the minor seminary. Parish priest in Grodno, Poland. Imprisoned by invading Russia troops on 21 March 1940 for the crime of being a Polish priest, but he managed to escape. Captured by invading German troops, he was sent to several prisons for the crime of being a priest before finally ending at the concentration camp at Sachsenhausen where he was severely beaten and put to forced labour; when he could not work, owing to a broken leg, he was nearly drowned and finally murdered. Martyr.

Born

8 March 1890 in Lwów, Poland (modern L'viv, L'vivs'ka oblast', Ukraine)

Died

from trauma resulting from having a charged fire hose stuffed down his throat on 6 June 1940 in the prison camp at Sachsenhausen-Oranienburg, Oberhavel, Germany

Beatified

13 June 1999 by Pope John Paul II at Warsaw, Poland

Saint Bertrand of Aquileia

Also known as

Bertrando, Bertrichramnus

Profile

Studied civil and canon law at the University of Toulouse. Priest. Dean of the cathedral chapter of Angouleme, France in 1316. Canon of Saint Felice in Toulouse, France in 1318. Archdeacon of Noyon, France. Papal chaplain. Taught law at the University of Toulouse. Worked for the canonization of Saint Thomas Aquinas. Papal diplomat.

Patriarch of Aquileia, Italy on 4 July 1334. Noted for his austere lifestyle, he founded monasteries to promote learning, encouraged the work of the Benedictines, Franciscans and Dominicans, spent largely on charity for the poor, and worked for the moral reform in his diocese. Supported the olive and wool trade in his region as a way to improve the lives of his people. Convened a council of bishops in Udine, Italy in 1335, and in Aquileia in 1339. Murdered for defending the rights of the Church against local nobles, and is thus considered a martyr.

Born

c.1260 at Saint Geniès, Quercy, Aquitaine, France

Died

• 6 June 1350 at San Giogio Richionvelda

• buried in Udine, Italy

• relics enshrined in the Udine cathedral choir

Beatified

1760 by Pope Clement XIII (cultus confirmation)

Blessed Gilbert of Neufontaines

Also known as

Gilbert of Auvergne

Profile

Born to the nobility of Aquitaine. Married to Petronilla, father of Pontia. Fought in the Crusades with King Louis VII from 1146 to 1149. When he returned home he convinced his wife and family to let him follow a call to religious life. Hermit. Premonstratensian monk. Founder and abbot of the Premonstratensian monastery at Neufontaines, which was noted for its hospital where Gilbert cared for the sick.

Born

late 11th century in Auvergne, Aquitaine (in modern France)

Died

• 6 June 1152 at Neuffonts, Auvergne, Aquitaine (in France) of natural causes

• some relics taken to the Premonstratensian college in Paris, France in 1615

Saint Jarlath of Tuam

Also known as

Iarlaith, Iarlath

Profile

Born to the Irish nobility. Studied under Saint Benignus. Priest. Founded a monastery and college at Cluain Fois outside Tuam, Galway, Ireland, and is considered the founder of the diocese. The school attracted scholars from all over Ireland, including Saint Brendan of Ardfert and Saint Colman of Cloyne. Abbot-bishop of the monastery-school. Spiritual student of Saint Enda of Arran. Prophet.

Born

c.445 at Connaught, Galway, Ireland

Died

• c.540 of natural causes

• relics at Kilmainemore, Ireland

Patronage

archdiocese of Tuam, Ireland

Saint Phêrô Thuan

Also known as

Peter

Additional Memorial

24 November as one of the Martyrs of Vietnam

Profile

Married layman in the apostolic vicariate of Central Tonkin (in modern Vietnam). Fisherman by trade. During the persecutions of emperor Tu Duc, he was ordered to stomp on a cross to show his contempt for Christianity; he refused. Martyr.

Born

c.1802 in Ðông Hào, Thái Bình, Vietnam

Died

burned at the stake on 6 June 1862 in Nam Ðinh, Vietnam

Canonized

19 June 1988 by Pope John Paul II

Saint Phêrô Dung

Also known as

Peter

Additional Memorial

24 November as one of the Martyrs of Vietnam

Profile

Married layman in the apostolic vicariate of Central Tonkin (in modern Vietnam). Fisherman by trade. During the persecutions of emperor Tu Duc, he was ordered to stomp on a cross to show his contempt for Christianity; he refused. Martyr.

Born

c.1800 in Ðông Hào, Thái Bình, Vietnam

Died

burned at the stake on 6 June 1862 in Nam Ðinh, Vietnam

Canonized

19 June 1988 by Pope John Paul II

Blessed Falco of Cava

Also known as

Falcone

Profile

Educated at the Benedictine monastery of Holy Trinity in Cava dei Tirreni, Italy. Spiritual student of Saint Peter of Pappacarbone. Monk at Cava, and prior of the house. Abbot of Saint Mary's at Cirzosimo. Abbot of Cava in 1141. Noted expert in canon law. Advisor to Norman king Roger II. Regional bishops deferred to him on matters of law, canon and civil.

Died

• 6 June 1146 of natural causes

• relics enshrined at the altar of Saint Catherine

• relics moved to a marble reliquary in the chapel of the Holy Fathers in 1675

Beatified

16 May 1928 by Pope Pius XI (cultus confirmed)

Saint Vinh-Son Duong

Also known as

Peter

Additional Memorial

24 November as one of the Martyrs of Vietnam

Profile

Married layman in the apostolic vicariate of Central Tonkin (in modern Vietnam). Fisherman by trade. During the persecutions of emperor Tu Duc, he was ordered to stomp on a cross to show his contempt for Christianity; he refused. Martyr.

Born

c.1821 in Doãn Trung, Thái Bình, Vietnam

Died

burned at the stake on 6 June 1862 in Nam Ðinh, Vietnam

Canonized

19 June 1988 by Pope John Paul II

Saint Claudius of Besançon

Also known as

• Claudius the Thaumaturge

• Claudius the Miracle Worker

• Claude...

Profile

Priest. Monk. Abbot of Condat, Jura; his house later became known as Saint-Claude. Bishop of Besançon, France in 685. He resigned his see in 692 to return to life as a cloistered monk at Saint Oyand-de-Joux Abbey. Known for his love as literature.

Born

in Franche-Comté, France

Died

c.699

Patronage

• wood turners

• Franche-Comté, France

Saint Eustorgius II of Milan

Additional Memorial

25 September as one of the Holy Bishops of Milan

Profile

Priest in Rome, Italy. Bishop of Milan, Italy in 512. Spent hugely to ransom Christians who had been abducted by invading barbarians.

Died

• 6 June 518 of natural causes

• interred in the chapel of Saint Sixtus, basilica of Saint Lorenzo Maggiore, Milan, Italy

Saint Ceratius of Grenoble

Also known as

Cerato, Cerazio

Profile

Bishop of Grenoble, France c.440. Attended the Council of Orange in 441. Several stories and conjectures, many conflicting, have become attached to Saint Ceratius, but we have no evidence to support them.

Born

c.400

Died

5th century of natural causes

Canonized

• 1903 (cultus confirmed)

• the celebration of his memorial on 6 June dates from the 6th century

Saint Alexander of Fiesole

Profile

Bishop of Fiesole, Italy. Defended the rights and authority of the Church against the kings of Lombardy. When he refused give in to the lay authorities and put their choices in positions of power for political reasons, his opponents ambushed and murdered him.

Died

drowned in 590 in the River Reno near Bologna, Italy

Blessed William Greenwood

Additional Memorial

4 May as one of the Carthusian Martyrs

Profile

A lay brother in the Carthusian London Charterhouse. Arrested for opposing the policies of King Henry VIII, and remaining loyal to Rome. Martyred with six companions.

Born

English

Died

starved to death on 6 June 1537 at Newgate Prison, London, England

Beatified

20 December 1886 by Pope Leo XIII

Blessed Gerard Tintorio

Profile

Well off layman in Monza, Lombardy, Italy. He spent his wealth founding a hospital in Monza where he worked with the sick, especially lepers.

Died

1207 of natural causes

Beatified

1582 by Pope Gregory XIII (cultus confirmed)

Patronage

Monza, Italy

Saint Gudwall

Also known as

Curval, Gudwal, Gurval, Gurwall, Gudual, Guidgal, Goual

Profile

Monk. Abbot of a monastery on the isle of Plecit. Bishop. Founder of monasteries in Devon and Cornwall in England, and in Brittany, France.

Born

6th century Wales

Died

• 6th century of natural causes

• relics at Ghent, Belgium

Patronage

Guern, France

Saint Paulina of Rome

Also known as

Paolina

Profile

Daughter of Saint Artemius of Rome and Saint Candida of Rome. Convert, brought to the faith by Saint Peter the Exorcist and baptised by Saint Marcellinus. Martyr.

Died

buried alive under a pile of stones in 302

Saint Artemius of Rome

Also known as

Artemio

Profile

Married to Saint Candida of Rome; father of Saint Paulina of Rome. Jailer. Convert, brought to the faith by Saint Peter the Exorcist and baptised by Saint Marcellinus. Martyr.

Died

beheaded in 302

Saint Agobard of Lyon

Profile

Refugee to France in his youth, escaping the Moorish invasions of Spain. Priest at Lyon, France. Archbishop of Lyons in 813. Deeply involved in the politics of his day. Wrote works on theology and the liturgy.

Born

c.769 in Spain

Died

840 of natural causes

Saint Candida of Rome

Profile

Married to Saint Artemius of Rome; mother of Saint Paulina of Rome. Convert, brought to the faith by Saint Peter the Exorcist and baptised by Saint Marcellinus. Martyr.

Died

buried alive under a pile of stones in 302

Saint Grazia of Germagno

Profile

Martyr.

Died

relics transferred from the catacombs of Ciriaca in Rome, Italy to Germagno, Italy in 1842 and enshrined in the church of San Bartolomeo

Saint Alexander of Noyon

Profile

He and three of his brothers were converts, then priests. Bishop of Noyon, France. Martyred for his faith with five other priests, three of them his brothers.

Born

Cannes, France

Died

Cannes, France

Saint Amantius of Noyon

Profile

He and three of his brothers were converts, then priests. Bishop of Noyon, France. Martyred for his faith with five other priests, three of them his brothers.

Born

Cannes, France

Died

Cannes, France

Saint Hilarion the Younger

Also known as

Ilarione

Profile

Priest. Monk. Archimandrite of the monastery of Dalmazio. For defending the use of icons and other images, he was imprisoned, whipped and exiled.

Died

845

Blessed Daniel of Bergamo

Also known as

Daniele

Profile

Venerated in Bergamo, Italy, but no details about him have survived.

Died

• 1460

• image in the chapel of an Bernardino in Bergamo, Italy

Saint Cocca

Also known as

Cox, Cucca, Cuach

Profile

The name of Kilcock, a town under his patronage, is derived from the phrase Cocca's cell, so he was presumably a monk or hermit.

Patronage

Kilcock, Ireland

Blessed Archangel of Agnone

Profile

Franciscan friar at the convent of Sant'Onofrio in Vasto, Italy.

Born

Agnone, Italy

Died

6 June 1651 of natural causes

Saint Colmán of Orkney

Also known as

Colmoco

Profile

Bishop of the Orkney Islands off the coast of Scotland, consecrated in Rome, Italy c.994.

Died

c.1010

Blessed Gundisalvus of Azebeyro

Profile

Cistercian Benedictine monk. Abbot at Azebeyro, Spanish Galicia.

Died

1466 of natural causes

Saint Bessarion of Egypt

Profile

Fourth-century beggar pilgrim to holy places who finally settled to lives as a hermit in the desert of Skete in Egypt.

Saint Anoub of Skete

Profile

Hermit in the desert of Skete in Egypt.

Died

latter 5th century in the desert of Skete in Egypt of natural causes

Saint Vincent of Bevagna

Profile

First Bishop of Bevagna, Italy. Martyred in the persecutions of Diocletian.

Died

martyred in 303

Blessed Lorenzo de Masculis

Profile

Franciscan Friar Minor priest. Famous preacher.

Died

1535 at Ortona, Abruzzo, Italy

Saint John of Verona

Profile

Seventh century bishop of Verona, Italy. Noted for his ministry to the poor.

Saint Bazalota of Abyssinia

Profile

4th century nun in Abyssinia (modern Ethiopia).

Saint Euphemia of Abyssinia

Profile

4th century nun in Abyssinia (modern Ethiopia).

Martyrs of Tarsus

Profile

A group of 20 martyrs who were killed together during the persecutions of Diocletian.

Died

martyred in Tarsus (in modern Turkey)

Mercedarian Fathers of Avignon

Profile

Several Mercedarians from the Santa Maria convent of Avignon, France who worked with plague victims in that city, and died of the disease themselves.

Died

Avignon, France of plague