இன்றைய புனிதர்கள் செப்டம்பர் 17

  St. Valerian, Niacrinus, & Gordian

Feastday: September 17

Death: unknown

A group of martyrs who were put to death at an unknown date at Noviodonum, in Lower Moesia on the Danube, although the site of their martyrdom may have been in Rhaetia, modern Switzerland.

Saint Robert Bellarmine

ஆயர் இராபர்ட் பெல்லார்மின், மறைவல்லுநர் 

பிறப்பு : 1542,

தஸ்கனி(Tuscany), மோந்தே புல்சியானோ(Monte Pulciano)

இறப்பு : 17 செப்டம்பர் 1621,

உரோம் 

முத்திபேறுபட்டம்:

1923

புனிதர்பட்டம்: 1930, திருத்தந்தை 11 ஆம் பயஸ்

இவர் தமது 18 ஆம் வயதில் உரோம் நகரிலிருந்த இயேசு சபையில் சேர்ந்தார். 1559 ஆம் ஆண்டு பெல்ஜிய நாட்டிற்கு கல்லூரி படிப்பிற்காக அனுப்பப்பட்டார். சிறந்த முறையில் கல்வி கற்றபின் மீண்டும் உரோம் திரும்பினார். அங்கிருந்த இயேசு சபையில் பணியாற்றி குருப்பட்டம் பெற்று, சிறந்த மறைப்பணியாளர் பட்டம் பெற்றார். கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபையை

பாதுகாக்கும் பொருட்டு, புகழ் பெற்ற விவாதங்களை நடத்தினார். பிறகு உரோமன் கல்லூரிகளில் இறையியல் கற்றுக்கொடுக்கும் பணியில் ஈடுபட்டார். அப்போது அவர் பல நூல்களையும் எழுதினார். அந்நூல்கள் இன்று ஏராளமான மொழிகளில் மொழி பெயர்க்கப்பட்டுள்ளது. பின்னர் இவர் இயேசு சபையில் பல உயர்பதவிகளைப் பெற்று, அனைத்தையும்

சிறப்பாக ஆற்றினார். திருத்தந்தை 8 ஆம் கிளமெண்ட் அவர்கள், இராபர்ட் பெல்லார்மினை கர்தினாலாக உயர்த்தினார். இவர் காப்புவா என்ற மறைமாவட்டத்தில் ஆயர் பொறுப்பையும் ஏற்றார். பிறகு 11 ஆம் சிங்கராயர் அவர்களால் உரோம் நகருக்கு சிறந்த ஆலோசகராக தேர்ந்தெடுக்கப்பட்டார். அதிகாரங்கள் அனைத்தும் கடவுளிடமிருந்து வருகின்றது. நாம் அதை

முழுமையாக கடவுளின் மேன்மைக்காக பயன்படுத்த வேண்டுமென்பதை இவர் அடிக்கடி கூறுவார். நீதியோடும், நேர்மையோடும் தன்னிடம் ஒப்படைத்த பணியை செய்தார். அக்காலத்தில் எழுந்த பல ஐயப்பாடுகளையும்,

தெளிவுப்படுத்தி, திருச்சபையின் வளர்ச்சிக்கு துணை நின்றார். திருச்சபையில் இருந்த மறைநூல் வல்லுநர்களில், இவரும் ஓர் சிறந்த மறைவல்லுநர் என்ற பெயரையும் பெற்றார்.

Also known as

• Robert Francis Romulus Bellarmine

• Roberto Bellarmino

• Roberto Francesco Romolo Cardinale Bellarmino

Profile

Third of ten children of Vincenzo Bellarmine and Cinzia Cervini, a family of impoverished nobles. His mother, a niece of Pope Marcellus II, was dedicated to almsgiving, prayer, meditation, fasting, and mortification. Robert suffered assorted health problems all his life. Educated by Jesuits as a boy. Joined the Jesuits on 20 September 1560 over the opposition of his father who wanted Robert to enter politics. Studied at the Collegio Romano from 1560 to 1563, Jesuit centers in Florence, Italy in 1563, then in Mondovi, Piedmont, the University of Padua in 1567 and 1568, and the University of Louvain, Flanders in 1569. Ordained on Palm Sunday, 1570 in Ghent, Belgium.

Professor of theology at the University of Louvain from 1570 to 1576. A the request of Pope Gregory XIII, he taught polemical theology at the Collegio Romano from 1576 to 1587. While there he wrote Disputationes de Controversiis Christianae Fidei adversus hujus temporis hereticos, the most complete work of the day to defend Catholicism against Protestant attack. Spiritual director of the Roman College from 1588. Taught Jesuit students and other children; wrote a children's catechism, Dottrina cristiana breve. Wrote a catechism for teachers, Dichiarazione piu copiosa della dottrina cristiana. Confessor of Saint Aloysius Gonzaga until his death, and then worked for the boy's canonization. In 1590 he worked in France to defend the interests of the Church during a period of turmoil and conflict. Member of the commission for the 1592 revision of the Vulgate Bible. Rector of the Collegio Romano from 1592 to 1594. Jesuit provincial in Naples, Italy from 1594 to 1597. Theologian to Pope Clement VIII from 1597 to 1599. Examiner of bishops and consultor of the Supreme Sacred Congregation of the Roman and Universal Inquisition in 1597; strongly concerned with discipline among the bishops. Created Cardinal-priest on 3 March 1598 by Pope Clement VIII; he lived an austere life in Rome, giving most of his money to the poor. At one point he used the tapestries in his living quarters to clothe the poor, saying that "the walls won't catch cold."

Defended the Apostolic See against anti-clericals in Venice, Italy, and the political tenets of King James I of England. Wrote exhaustive works against heresies of the day. Took a fundamentally democratic position - authority originates with God, is vested in the people, who entrust it to fit rulers, a concept which brought him trouble with the kings of both England and France. Spiritual father of Saint Aloysius Gonzaga. Helped Saint Francis de Sales obtain formal approval of the Visitation Order. Noted preacher. Archbishop of Capua, Italy on 18 March 1602. Part of the two conclaves of 1605. Involved in disputes between the Republic of Venice and the Vatican in 1606 and 1607 concerning clerical discipline and Vatican authority. Involved in the controversy between King James I and the Vatican in 1607 and 1609 concerning control of the Church in England. Wrote Tractatus de potestate Summi Pontificis in rebus temporalibus adversus Gulielmum Barclaeum in opposition to Gallicanism. Opposed action against Galileo Galilei in 1615, and established a friendly correspondence with him, but was forced to deliver the order for the scientist to submit to the Church. Part of the conclave of 1621, and was considered for Pope. Theological advisor to Pope Paul V. Head of the Vatican library. Prefect of the Sacred Congregation of the Rites. Prefect of the Sacred Congregation of the Index. Proclaimed a Doctor of the Church on 17 September 1931.

Born

4 October 1542 at Montepulciano, Tuscany, Italy as Roberto Francesco Romolo

Died

• in the morning of 17 September 1621 at Rome, Italy of natural causes

• buried in Rome

• relics translated to the church of Saint Ignatius, Rome on 21 June 1923

Canonized

29 June 1930 by Pope Pius XI

Saint Hildegard von Bingen

பிங்கென் புனிதர் ஹில்டெகார்ட் 

மறைவல்லுநர், ரைனின் இறைவாக்கினர்:

பிறப்பு: கி.பி. 1098

பெர்மெர்சீம் வோர் டெர் யோகே

இறப்பு: செப்டம்பர் 17, 1179 (வயது 81)

ரைன் ஆற்றுக்கரை பிங்கென்

ஏற்கும் சமயம்:

ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை

ஆங்கிலிக்கன் ஒன்றியம்

லூதரனியம்

முக்திபேறு பட்டம்: ஆகஸ்ட் 26, 1326

திருத்தந்தை இருபத்திஇரண்டாம் ஜான்

புனிதர் பட்டம்: மே 10, 2012

திருத்தந்தை பதினாறாம் பெனடிக்ட்

முக்கிய திருத்தலங்கள்:

ஐபிங்கென் மட ஆலயம்

நினைவுத் திருநாள்: செப்டம்பர் 17

புனிதர் ஹில்டெகார்ட் ஓர் எழுத்தாளரும், இறை இசையமைப்பாளரும், மெய்யியலாளரும், கிறிஸ்தவ உள்ளுணர்வாளரும், இறைக்காட்சியாளரும், ஜெர்மனிய கன்னியர் மடத்தின் தலைவியாக இருந்தவரும், பன்முக திறனாளரும் ஆவார். இவர் கத்தோலிக்கத் திருச்சபையில் பெண் இறைவாக்கினர் என்று அங்கீகரிக்கப்பட்ட முதல் பெண் ஆவார்.

கி.பி. 1136ம் ஆண்டில் சக கன்னியர்களால் ஆதீனத்தலைவியாக தேர்ந்தெடுக்கப்பட்ட ஹில்டெகார்ட் 1150ம் ஆண்டு, ரூபரட்சுபெர்க்கில் ஓர் மடத்தையும் 1165ம் ஆண்டு, ஐபிங்கெனில் ஓர் மடத்தையும் நிறுவினார். இவரது ஆக்கமான ஓர்டோ விர்சுதும் (Ordo Virtutum) கிறிஸ்தவ சமய நாடகங்களுக்கு ஓர் முன்னோடியாகும். சமயவியல், தாவரவியல் மற்றும் மருத்துவத் துறைகளில் இவர் பல நூல்களை எழுதியுள்ளார். மேலும் இவரது படைப்புகளில் கடிதங்கள், சமயப் பாடல்கள், கவிதைகள் மற்றும் நாடகங்களும் அடங்கும். சிறு சித்தரிப்புகளையும் மேற்பார்வையிட்டுள்ளார்.

கி.பி. 1098ம் ஆண்டு, ஜெர்மனியின் உயர்குலத்தில் பணக்காரக் குடும்பத்தில் ஹில்டெகார்ட் பிறந்தார். தனது 8வது வயதில் பெனடிக்ட் சபை துறவு மடத்துக்குக் கல்வி பயிலச் சென்றார். 18வது வயதில் அக்கன்னியர் மடத்திலேயே சேர்ந்து துறவு வாழ்வை மேற்கொண்டார். 20 ஆண்டுகள் கழித்து 1136ம் ஆண்டில் துறவு மடத்தின் தலைவியானார். அதற்கு அடுத்த நான்கு ஆண்டுகள் இறைக் காட்சிகளைக் கண்டார் என்பர். 1140ம் ஆண்டு முதல் 1150ம் ஆண்டுவரை அக்காட்சிகளைப் படங்களோடும் விளக்கங்களோடும் எழுதி வைத்துள்ளார். இதற்கிடையில் இக்காட்சிகள் உண்மையானதா எனக் கண்டறிவதற்கு திருத்தந்தை மூன்றாம் யூஜின் ஒரு விசாரணைக் குழுவை அனுப்பினார். இக்காட்சிகள் உண்மையானவை என அக்குழு திருத்தந்தைக்கு அறிக்கை சமர்ப்பித்தது.

ஹில்டெகார்ட், தெற்கு ஜெர்மனி, சுவிட்சர்லாந்து, பாரிஸ் எனப் பல இடங்களுக்குப் பயணம் செய்து மறை போதித்து வந்தார். இவரது மறையுரைகளைக் கேட்டவர் அனைவரும் அவர் பக்கம் ஈர்க்கப்பட்டனர். எழுத்துவடிவிலும் மறையுரைகளைத் தருமாறு அவர்கள் கேட்டுக் கொண்டனர். ஹில்டெகார்ட் தனது வாழ்வின் இறுதிக் கட்டத்தில் துன்பம் அனுபவித்தார். திருச்சபையிலிருந்து விலக்கி வைக்கப்பட்டிருந்த இளம் கிறிஸ்தவர் ஒருவர் இறந்தபோது அவருக்கு கிறிஸ்தவ முறைப்படி அடக்கச் சடங்கை நிறைவேற்றினார். இதனால் கடுமையாக எதிர்க்கப்பட்டார். இந்தக் கிறிஸ்தவர் மரணப்படுக்கையில் தனது தவறுகளுக்காக வருந்தி திருவருட்சாதனங்களையும் பெற்றார் என்பது இவர் தரப்பு வாதம். இதனால் இவரது கன்னியர் இல்லம் விலக்கி வைக்கப்பட்டது. இதனைக் கடுமையாய் எதிர்த்தார் ஹில்டெகார்ட். பின்னர் இவ்விலக்கு நீக்கப்பட்டது. 1179ம் ஆண்டு, செப்டம்பர் மாதம், 17ம் தேதி தனது 81வது வயதில் இவர் இறந்தார்.

பேரரசர்கள், திருத்தந்தையர்கள், ஆயர்கள், அருள்சகோதரிகள் மற்றும் உயர்குலப் பிரபுக்களுக்கு எழுதிய நூற்றுக்கு மேற்பட்ட கடிதங்கள், ஒரு நாடகம் உட்பட 72 பாடல்கள், ஏழு புத்தகங்கள் உட்பட ஹில்டெகார்ட் எழுதியவை இன்றும் உள்ளன. இவர் எழுதிய இசைக் குறிப்புகள் இக்காலத்திலும் வாசிக்கக்கூடிய வடிவில் உள்ளன. இவரது எழுத்துக்களில் அறிவியல், கலை, மதம் ஆகிய அனைத்துத் துறைகளும் இருக்கின்றன. ஒவ்வொரு மனிதரையும் இறைவனின் சாயலாகப் பார்த்த இவர், சமூகநீதிக்காவும், ஒடுக்கப்பட்டோரின் விடுதலைக்காவும் அயராது உழைத்தார். 12ம் நூற்றாண்டில் திருச்சபையில் பெரும் மாற்றத்திற்கும் சீர்திருத்தத்திற்கும் வித்திட்டவர் இவர் என நம்பப்படுகின்றது.

இவருக்கு முறையான புனிதர் பட்டமளிப்பு நிகழவில்லை எனினும் இவரின் பெயர் புனிதர்கள் பட்டியலில் இருந்தது. இவரின் புனிதர் பட்ட நிலையில் இருந்த குழப்பத்தை நீக்க, திருத்தந்தை பதினாறாம் பெனடிக்ட், 2012ம் ஆண்டு, மே மாதம், 10ம் நாளன்று, இவரின் பக்தியை அதிகாரப்பூர்வமான ஒன்றாக அறிவித்தார். 2012ம் ஆண்டு, அக்டோபர் மாதம், 7ம் நாளன்று, இவரை திருச்சபையின் மறைவல்லுநர் என திருத்தந்தை பதினாறாம் பெனடிக்ட் அறிவித்தார்.

Also known as

• Hildegard Eibingen

• Hildegard of Bingen

• Hildegardis Bingensis

• Sybil of the Rhine

Profile

At a time when few women wrote, Hildegard produced major works of theology and visionary writings. When few women were respected, she was consulted by and advised bishops, popes, and kings. She used the curative powers of natural objects for healing, and wrote treatises about natural history and the medicinal uses of plants, animals, trees and stones. She is the first musical composer whose biography is known. She founded a vibrant convent, where her musical plays were performed. Interest in this extraordinary woman was initiated by musicologists and historians of science and religion. Unfortunately, Hildegard's visions and music have been hijacked by the New Age movement; New Age music bears some resemblance to Hildegard's ethereal airs. Her story is important to students of medieval history and culture, and an inspirational account of an irresistible spirit and vibrant intellect overcoming social, physical, cultural, gender barriers to achieve timeless transcendence.

Hildegard was the tenth child born to a noble family. As was customary with the tenth child, which the family could not count on feeding, and who could be considered a tithe, she was dedicated at birth to the Church. The girl started to have visions of luminous objects at the age of three, but soon realized she was unique in this ability and hid this gift for many years.

At age eight her family sent Hildegard to an anchoress named Jutta to receive a religious education. Jutta was born into a wealthy and prominent family, and by all accounts was a young woman of great beauty who had spurned the world for a life decided to God as an anchoress. Hildegard's education was very rudimentary, and she never escaped feelings of inadequacy over her lack of schooling. She learned to read Psalter in Latin, but her grasp of Latin grammar was never complete (she had secretaries help her write down her visions), but she had a good intuitive feel for the intricacies of the language, constructing complicated sentences with meanings on many levels and which are still a challenge to students of her writing. The proximity of the Jutta's anchorage to the church of the Benedictine monastery at Disibodenberg exposed Hildegard to religious services which were the basis for her own musical compositions. After Jutta's death, when Hildegard was 38 years of age, she was elected the head of the budding convent that had grown up around the anchorage.

During the years with Jutta, Hildegard confided of her visions only to Jutta and a monk named Volmar, who was to become her lifelong secretary. However, in 1141 a vision of God gave Hildegard instant understanding of the meaning of religious texts. He commanded her to write down everything she would observe in her visions.

And it came to pass...when I was 42 years and 7 months old, that the heavens were opened and a blinding light of exceptional brilliance flowed through my entire brain. And so it kindled my whole heart and breast like a flame, not burning but warming...and suddenly I understood of the meaning of expositions of the books...

Yet Hildegard was also overwhelmed by feelings of inadequacy and hesitated to act.

But although I heard and saw these things, because of doubt and low opinion of myself and because of diverse sayings of men, I refused for a long time a call to write, not out of stubbornness but out of humility, until weighed down by a scourge of god, I fell onto a bed of sickness.

Though she never doubted the divine origin of her visions, Hildegard wanted them to be approved by the Church. She wrote to Saint Bernard who took the matter to Pope Eugenius who exhorted Hildegard to finish her writings. With papal imprimatur, Hildegard finished her first visionary work Scivias ("Know the Ways of the Lord") and her fame began to spread through Germany and beyond.

The 12th century was also the time of schisms and religious confusion when anyone preaching any outlandish doctrine could attract a large following. Hildegard was critical of schismatics, and preached against them her whole life, working especially against the Cathari.

Declared a Doctor of the Church on 7 October 2012 by Pope Benedict XVI.

Born

1098 at Bermersheim, Rhineland Palatinate (modern Germany)

Died

17 September 1179 at Bingen, Rhineland Palatinate (modern Germany) of natural causes

Beatified

26 August 1326 by Pope John XXII

Canonized

10 May 2012 by Pope Benedict XVI (equipollent canonization)

Saint Zygmunt Szcesny Felinski

Also known as

• Sigimondo Felice Felinski

• Sigismond Felix Felinski

• Sigismondo Felice Felinski

• Sigmund Felix Felinski

• Zygmunt Szczesny Felinski

• Zygmunt Szczêsny Feliñski

Profile

Son of Gerard Felinski and Eva Wendorff, the third of six childen in a proudly patriotic Polish family. Two of his siblings died as children, and his father died when Sigimondo was 11 years old. His mother was arrested and exiled to Siberia in 1838 for her pro-Polish politics and for working to improve the economic conditions of farmers.

Sigimondo studied mathematics at the University of Moscow from 1840 to 1844, and French literature at the Sorbonne and College de France from 1847. There he became friends with Polish emigres, writers and nationalists, and involved in the failed revolt of Poznan in 1848. Tutor to the Brzozowski family in Munich, Germany and Paris, France from 1848 to 1850. Entered the diocesan seminary of Zytomierz, Poland in 1851, and then studied at the Catholic Academy of Saint Petersburg. Ordained on 8 September 1855. Assigned to the Dominican parish of Saint Catherine of Siena in Saint Petersburg from 1855 to 1857. Spiritual director and professor of philosophy of the Ecclesiastical Academy. Founded the charitable group Recovery for the Poor in 1856. Founded the Congregation of the Franciscan Sisters of the Family of Mary in 1857.

Archbishop of Warsaw, Poland on 6 January 1862, arriving there on 9 February 1862. The city had been under a state of seige by the Russians since 1861, and the churches had been closed for months. On 13 February 1862 Sigismond reconsecrated the cathedral of Warsaw, and on 16 February he re-opened all the city's churches. Warsaw continued in upheaval with regular clashes between Russian and Polish nationalist forces. He reformed parish life in his see, revitalized charities, revamped the seminary teaching, worked to free imprisoned priests, helped start parochial schools and an orphanage, and though he worked for elimination of government meddling in the Church, the Russians circulated the rumour that Sigismondo was a spy, undermining his authority.

Following the bloody repression by the Russians of the January Revolt of 1863, Sigimond resigned from the Council of State, wrote to Emperor Alexander II urging an end to violence, and protested against the hanging of the Capuchin Father Agrypin Konarski, chaplain of the "rebels". In return, he was deported to Jaroslavl, Siberia on 14 June 1863 where he spent 20 years in exile. In the refugee camps, he worked to organize the priests and charitable work among his fellow prisoners, even building a church.

Lengthy negotiations between Moscow and the Vatican resulted in Sigimondo being freed in 1883. On 15 March 1883, Pope Leo XIII transferred him to the titular see of Tarsus where he lived his final 12 years in semi-exile in southeastern Galizia at Dzwiniaczka ministering to Ukranian and Polish peasants, building a church, parochial school, and a convent for the Franciscan Sisters of the Family of Mary.

Born

1 November 1822 in Voyutin (Wojutyn), Poland (in modern Ukraine)

Died

• 17 September 1895 in Kraków, Malopolskie, Poland of natural causes

• buried in Krakow on 20 September 1895

• relocated to Dzwiniacza on 10 October 1895

• remains translated to the crypt of the Cathedral of Saint John, Warsaw, Poland on 14 April 1921

Canonized

11 October 2009 by Pope Benedict XVI

Blessed Leonella Sgorbati

Also known as

Rosa Maria Sgorbati

Profile

Youngest of three children born to Carlo Sgorbati and Giovannina Teresa Vigilini; she was baptised almost immediately after birth at her parish church of San Savio. The family moved to Milan, Italy on 9 October 1950 when Leonella was 9 so her father could find work; he died less than a year later on 16 July 1951 when Leonella was 10 years old. She felt a call to religious life and missionary work in her mid-teens, but at her mother's request she waited until age 20 to make a final decision. She joined the Consolata Mission Sisters in San Fre, Cuneo, Italy on 5 May 1963, making her profession in November 1972, and taking the name Sister Leonella.

She studied nursing from 1966 to 1968. Assigned to Kenya in September 1970, she worked at the Consolata Hospital Mathari in Nyeri, and the Nazareth Hospital in Kiambu from 1970 to 1983; part of her work was as a midwife. After additional training, she began teaching nursing in Nkubu Hospital in Meru, Kenya in 1985. Regional superior of the Sisters in Kenya from November 1993 to 1999.

In 2001 she began work on what would become the Hermann Gmeiner School of Registered Community Nursing attached to the SOS Children's Village hospital in Mogadishu, Somalia; it opened in 2002 with Sister Lenoella in charge and conducting part of the teaching. Following a trip to Italy in 2006, she had trouble being allowed back in to Mogadishu as Islamic courts had taken control of the area; she managed to return to her work at the hospital on 13 September 2006. Sister Leonella and her guard and driver, Mohamed Osman Mahamud, a Muslim father of four, were murdered four days later in retaliation for Pope Benedict XVI having quoted a 600-year-old text that dismissed the contributions of Islam, gunned down in the street as she walked from the children's hospital. She died forgiving her attackers. Martyr.

Born

9 December 1940 at Gazzola, Piacenza, Italy as Rosa Maria Sgorbati

Died

• shot just after 12:30pm on 17 September 2006 outside her children's hospital in Mogadishu, Somalia

• funeral conducted at the Consolata Chapel in Nairobi, Kenya

• buried in Nairobi

Beatified

• 26 May 2018 by Pope Francis

• beatification recognition celebrated at the Cattedrale di Santa Maria Assunta e Santa Giustina in Piacenza, Italy, presided by Cardinal Angelo Amato

Saint Lambert of Maastricht

Also known as

• Lambert of Liege

• Lamberto, Lambertus, Landebertus

Profile

Born to the nobility, the son of Aper and Herisplindis, he received a good, religious oriented education. Student of Saint Landoaldus and Saint Theodardus. Priest. Bishop of Maastricht, Netherlands in 670. Forced for political reasons into exile from Maastricht from 674 to 681. Missionary in Toxandria (modern Brabant) with Saint Willibrord of Echternach in the late 7th century. Apparently worked with Saint Wito, Saint Plechelm of Guelderland, and Saint Otger of Utrecht. With Saint Landrada, he founded the abbey of Munsterbilsen. Murdered for defending the sanctity of marriage, which was very politically inconvenient for several powerful people of the day. Martyr.

Born

c.635 at Maastricht, Netherlands

Died

• stabbed through the heart by a javelin c.700 at the chapel of Saint Cosmas and Saint Damian, Liège, Belgium while celebrating Mass

• buried in his family's vault in the cemetery of Saint Peter, Maastricht, Netherlands

• remains exhumed and translated to Liège c.720 by Saint Hubert of Liege

Blessed Zygmunt Sajna

Also known as

Sigismund

Additional Memorial

12 June as one of the 108 Martyrs of World War II

Profile

Parish priest of the archdiocese of Warsaw, Poland, serving in Góra Kalwaria and known as a beloved spiritual advisor. Father Zygmunt was arrested by the Gestapo in December 1940 as part of the Nazi occupation of Poland in World War II; he spent his time in prison ministering to other prisoners, including the 200 or so other people who were executed with him in mass murder. Martyr.

Born

20 January 1897 in Zurawlówka, Podlaskie, Poland

Died

shot on 17 September 1940 in in the woods outside Palmiry, Mazowieckie, Poland

Beatified

13 June 1999 by Pope John Paul II in Warsaw, Poland

Blessed Stanislaw of Jesus and Mary

Also known as

• Jan Papczynski

• Jana Papczynski

• Stanislao de Jesus Maria

• Stanislaus of Jesus and Mary

Profile

Priest. Founded the Marian Clerics of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary.

Born

18 May 1631 in Podegrodzie, Malopolskie, Poland

Died

17 September 1701 in Góra Kalwaria, Mazowieckie, Poland of natural causes

Beatified

16 September 2007 by Pope Benedict XVI

Saint Peter Arbues

Also known as

Peter of Arbues

Profile

Born to the nobility, the son of Antonio Arbues and Sancia Ruiz. Studied philosophy at Huesca, Spain. Studied canon law at the University of Bologna. Augustinian canon at Saragossa, Spain in 1478. Inquisitor of the Aragonregion of Spain in 1484. Forcibly converted Jews and Marranos (converts to Judaism) to Catholicism, which was considered acceptable at the time. Murdered by a group of Marranos.

Born

1442 at Aragon, Spain

Died

17 September 1485 in the cathedral of Saragossa, Spain

Beatified

20 April 1664 by Pope Alexander VII

Canonized

29 June 1867 by Pope Pius IX

Saint Columba of Cordova

ஸ்பெயின் நாட்டுப் புனித கொலம்பா (-853)

இவர் ஸ்பெயின் நாட்டைச் சார்ந்தவர்; இவரது குடும்பம் இறைவன்மீது மிகுந்த பற்றுக்கொண்ட குடும்பம்.

இவரது சிறு வயதிலேயே இவருடைய தந்தை இவரை விட்டுப் பிரிந்தார்.  அதனால் இவர் தன் தாயின் பராமரிப்பில் வளர்ந்து வந்தார். 

இவர் வளர்ந்து பெரியவரானபோது, இவரது தாயார் இவரை ஒருவருக்கு மணமுடித்துக் கொடுக்க நினைத்தார்; ஆனால் இவர் தன்னை ஆண்டவருக்கு அர்ப்பணித்துவிட்டதாகச்  சொன்னபோது, அவர் இவரைத் தன் விருப்பப்படி துறவற சபையில் சேர அனுமதித்தார்.

இதன் பிறகு இவர் டபனோஸ் இந்த இடத்தில் இருந்த துறவுமடத்தில் சேர்ந்து, ஆண்டவருக்குத் தன்னை அர்ப்பணித்து வாழ்ந்து வந்தார். அப்பொழுதுதான் மூர் இனத்தைச் சார்ந்தவர்கள் இவர் இருந்த பகுதியில் படையெடுப்பு நடத்தினர்.  துறவுமடத்திலிருந்த எல்லாரும் உயிருக்கு அஞ்சி கோர்டோவா என்ற இடத்திற்குத் தப்பித்து ஓடியபொழுது,  இவர் மட்டும் அஞ்சாமல் அங்கேயே மிக உறுதியாக இருந்தார்.

இதனால் இவர் மூர் இனத்தவர் தன்னிடம் வந்து, கிறிஸ்துவை மறுதலிக்கச் சொன்னபொழுது,  "கிறிஸ்துவை நான் ஒருபோதும் மறுதலிக்க மாட்டேன்" என்று சொல்லி தன்னுடைய நம்பிக்கையில் மிக உறுதியாக இருந்தார். இதனால் இவர் 853 ஆம் ஆண்டு தலையை வெட்டிக் கொல்லப்பட்டார்.

Also known as

• Columba of Cordoba

• Columba of Spain

Profile

Born to a pious family; her brother was an abbot, and her sister and brother-in-law founded a double monastery at Tabanos, Spain. Her father died when Columba was still living with her parents. Her mother wanted the girl to marry, but Columba was drawn to religious life, and entered her sister's monastery at Tabanos. During the Moorish persecutions of Christians in 852, most of the nuns of Tabanos fled to Cordova. Columba refused to run, and made a public proclamation of her faith to a Moorish magistrate. Martyr.

Born

8th century at Cordova, Spain

Died

beheaded in 853 at Tabanos, Spain

Saint Emmanuel Nguyen Van Trieu

Also known as

• Emmanuel Triêu

• Emmanuel Triêu Van Nguyen

Additional Memorial

24 November as one of the Martyrs of Vietnam

Profile

Raised Catholic. Soldier. Seminarian with the Paris Foreign Mission Society. Ordained at Pong-King. Parish priest in the apostolic vicariate of Cochinchina. Arrested for his faith while visiting his mother. One of the Martyrs of Vietnam.

Born

c.1756 in The Ðúc, Phu Xuân (now Hue), Vietnam

Died

17 September 1798 in Bãi Dâu, Saigon (now Ho Chi Minh City), Vietnam

Canonized

19 June 1988 by Pope John Paul II

Saint Satyrus of Milan

Profile

Older brother of Saint Ambrose of Milan and Saint Marcellina. Lawyer. Prefect of an imperial Roman province. Handled the administration of his brother's household and finances. Noted for his sense of justice, his integrity, and his generosity.

Born

Trier, Germany

Died

376 in Milan, Italy of natural causes

Stigmata of Saint Francis of Assisi

While in meditation on Mount Alvernia in the Apennines in September 1224, Saint Francis received a vision of a six winged angel. Francis saw that the angel was crucified. When the angel departed, Francis was left with wounds in his hands, feet, and side as though he had been crucified. The wound in his side often seeped blood.

Saint Rodingus

Also known as

Radingus, Ronin, Rouin

Profile

Monk. Priest. Missionary to Germany. Monk at Tholey Abbey near Trier, Germany. Founded the Wasloi Abbey in the forest of Argonne, France.

Born

Ireland

Died

c.690

Saint Narcissus of Rome

Profile

Owned a house in Rome, Italy that Saint Lawrence of Rome used as a base to distribute alms to the poor after Lawrence had miraculously cured his blindness. Martyr.

Died

c.260

Saint Uni of Bremen

Also known as

Huno, Unni, Unno

Profile

Monk at New Corvey Abbey. Archbishop of Bremen-Hamburg, Germany in 917. Evangelized Sweden and Denmark.

Died

936 in Birka, Sweden

Saint Justin of Rome

Profile

Priest. Martyred for giving Christian burial to the bodies of martyrs.

Died

• 259 in Rome, Italy

• relics translated to Frisingen, Germany

Saint Theodora

Profile

Wealthy member of the imperial Roman nobility who spent largely from her fortune to support fellow Christians during the persecutions of Diocletian. Martyr.

Died

305

Saint Agathoclia

Profile

Christian slave of a non-Christian master. Tortured, tried, mutilated and executed for her faith. Martyr.

Saint Flocellus

Profile

Young man martyred in the persecutions of Marcus Aurelius.

Died

tortured and thrown to wild animals in 2nd century at Autun, France

Saint Brogan of Ross Tuirc

Profile

Seventh century abbot of Ross Tuirc, Ossory, Ireland. Author of a hymn to Saint Brigid.

Saint Socrates

Profile

Early martyr venerated in England.

Saint Socrates is a martyr who is venerated in England. He is believed to have been martyred during the Diocletian persecution in the early 4th century.

There is not much information available about Saint Socrates's life. According to tradition, he was a Roman soldier who was stationed in England. He was converted to Christianity and began to preach the Gospel to his fellow soldiers.

When the Diocletian persecution began, Saint Socrates was arrested and tortured. He refused to renounce his faith, so he was beheaded.

Saint Socrates's feast day is celebrated on September 17. He is often depicted in art as a young man with a halo around his head. He is sometimes holding a sword, which is the instrument of his death.

Saint Socrates is a reminder of the early Christian martyrs who were willing to die for their faith. He is also a reminder of the importance of courage and perseverance in the face of persecution.

Saint Stephen

Profile

Early martyr venerated in England.

Saint Stephen is an early Christian martyr who is venerated in England. He is believed to have been the first Christian martyr, and is often referred to as the "protomartyr."

Saint Stephen was one of the seven deacons who were chosen by the apostles to distribute food and charitable aid to the poorer members of the community in the early church. He was also a gifted preacher and evangelist.

One day, Stephen was preaching in the synagogue when he was accused of blasphemy by the Jewish authorities. He was put on trial and found guilty. He was then stoned to death outside the city walls.

Saint Stephen's martyrdom is recorded in the Acts of the Apostles. It is a powerful story of courage and faith in the face of death.

Saint Stephen is often depicted in art as a young man with a halo around his head. He is sometimes holding a book, which is a symbol of his knowledge of the scriptures. He is also sometimes depicted with a crown of thorns, which is a symbol of his martyrdom.

Saint Stephen is a reminder of the early Christian martyrs who were willing to die for their faith. He is also a reminder of the importance of forgiveness and love for our enemies.

Martyred in the Spanish Civil War

• Blessed Álvaro Santos Cejudo Moreno Chocano

• Blessed Juan Ventura Solsona

• Blessed Timoteo Valero Pérez

Andoletus of Liege

Saint Andoletus of Liege (also known as Saint Anacletus) was the 24th bishop of Liège, Belgium. He served from 1106 to 1119.

Andoletus was born into a noble family in Liège. He was educated at the cathedral school and was ordained a priest in 1100. He was appointed bishop of Liege in 1106.

As bishop, Andoletus was a reformer. He worked to improve the discipline of the clergy and to promote religious education among the people. He also founded several monasteries and churches.

Andoletus was a close friend of Saint Bernard of Clairvaux. He supported Bernard's efforts to reform the Cistercian Order and to promote the Gregorian Reform.

Andoletus died in 1119 and was buried in the cathedral of Liège. He was canonized by Pope Innocent II in 1131.

Saint Andoletus is the patron saint of the city of Liège and of the diocese of Liège. His feast day is celebrated on September 17.

 Badurad of Paderborn

Badurad of Paderborn (c. 780 - 862) was a bishop of Paderborn, Germany from 815 to his death. He is venerated as a saint in the Catholic Church.

Badurad was born into a noble Saxon family. He was educated at the cathedral school in Würzburg, where he became a cleric. In 815, he was appointed bishop of Paderborn by Emperor Louis the Pious.

As bishop, Badurad was a reformer. He worked to improve the discipline of the clergy and to promote religious education among the people. He also founded several monasteries and churches, including the cathedral of Paderborn.

Badurad was also a close friend of Saint Meinulf, the abbot of Corvey Abbey. Together, they worked to promote the Benedictine Order in Germany.

Badurad died in 862 and was buried in the cathedral of Paderborn. He was canonized in the 10th century.

Saint Badurad is the patron saint of the diocese of Paderborn and of the city of Paderborn. His feast day is celebrated on September 17.

 Camilla of Carcassonne

Saint Camilla of Carcassonne (d. 260 AD) was a virgin martyr who is venerated in the Catholic Church. She is the patron saint of the city of Carcassonne, France. 

Camilla was born into a wealthy family in Carcassonne. She was a devout Christian and refused to marry a pagan. When the Roman emperor Valerian began to persecute Christians, Camilla was arrested and tortured. She refused to renounce her faith, so she was beheaded.

Camilla's feast day is celebrated on September 17. She is often depicted in art as a young woman with a halo around her head. She is sometimes holding a palm branch, which is a symbol of martyrdom. She is also sometimes depicted with a sword, which is the instrument of her death.

 Cherubino Testa of Avigliana

Cherubino Testa, also known as Cherubino da Avigliana (Avigliana, 1451 – Avigliana, 17 September 1479), was an Italian priest of the Order of Saint Augustine. He was beatified by Pope Pius IX in 1865.

Testa was born into a noble family in Avigliana, Italy. He was educated at the local Augustinian convent, where he entered the order at the age of 14. He was ordained a priest in 1479.

Testa was known for his piety, his devotion to the Passion of Christ, and his willingness to help the poor and the sick. He died at the age of 28, and his body is still on display in the church of the Augustinian convent in Avigliana.

 Francis Mary of Camporosso

Saint Francis Mary of Camporosso (1804-1866) was a Capuchin friar who was known for his humility, charity, and devotion to the Eucharist. He was born in Camporosso, Italy, and entered the Capuchin order at the age of 18. He was ordained a priest in 1828.

After his ordination, Francis Mary served in a variety of roles within the Capuchin order, including guardian, novice master, and provincial. He was also a popular preacher and confessor.

Francis Mary was particularly known for his love for the poor and the sick. He was always willing to help those in need, and he often went out of his way to serve them. He was also a great promoter of the Eucharist, and he encouraged people to receive Communion frequently.

Francis Mary died in 1866 at the age of 62. He was beatified by Pope Pius XI in 1929 and canonized by Pope Pius XII in 1951

Peter of Liege

Saint Peter of Liege (c. 1050 - 1119) was the 24th bishop of Liege, Belgium. He served from 1106 to his death. He is venerated as a saint in the Catholic Church.

Peter was born into a noble family in Liège. He was educated at the cathedral school and was ordained a priest in 1100. He was appointed bishop of Liege in 1106.

As bishop, Peter was a reformer. He worked to improve the discipline of the clergy and to promote religious education among the people. He also founded several monasteries and churches, including the abbey of Neufmoustier.

Peter was also a close friend of Saint Bernard of Clairvaux. He supported Bernard's efforts to reform the Cistercian Order and to promote the Gregorian Reform.

Peter died in 1119 and was buried in the cathedral of Liège. He was canonized by Pope Innocent II in 1131.

Saint Peter of Liege is the patron saint of the city of Liège and of the diocese of Liège. His feast day is celebrated on September 17.

Reginald of Mélinais

Reginald of Mélinais (1080 – 17 September 1118) was a French priest and hermit who lived in the 12th century. He is venerated as a saint by the Catholic Church. 

Reginald was born in Soissons, France, to a noble family. He studied law and became a canon in the cathedral of Soissons. However, he eventually left the world to live as a hermit in a forest near La Flèche, France.

Reginald was known for his piety and his devotion to the Passion of Christ. He spent his days praying, meditating, and caring for the poor and the sick. He also had a reputation for performing miracles.

Reginald died in 1118 at the age of 38. He was buried in the church of the Augustinian convent in La Flèche.

Reginald was canonized by Pope Alexander III in 1176. His feast day is celebrated on September 17.