† இன்றைய புனிதர் †
(ஜூலை 13)
✠ அருளாளர் மார்ஸியானோ நகர் ஏஞ்சலின் ✠
(Blessed Angeline of Marsciano)
சபை நிறுவனர்/ மடாலய தலைவி:
(Foundress and Abbess)
பிறப்பு: கி.பி. 1357
மான்ட்டேகியோவ், ஊம்ப்ரியா, திருத்தந்தையர் மாநிலங்கள்
(Montegiove, Umbria, Papal States)
இறப்பு: ஜூலை 14, 1435
ஃபாலிக்னோ, ஊம்ப்ரியா, திருத்தந்தையர் மாநிலங்கள்
(Foligno, Umbria, Papal States)
ஏற்கும் சமயம்:
ரோமன் கத்தோலிக்க திருச்சபை
(Roman Catholic Church)
அருளாளர் பட்டம்: மார்ச் 8, 1825
திருத்தந்தை பன்னிரெண்டாம் லியோ
(Pope Leo XII)
முக்கிய திருத்தலம்:
சீசா டி சேன் ஃபிரேன்செஸ்கோ, ஃபோலிக்னோ, இத்தாலி
(Chiesa di San Francesco, Foligno, Perugia, Italy)
நினைவுத் திருநாள்: ஜூலை 13
“மார்ஸியானோ நகர் ஏஞ்சலின்” (Angeline of Marsciano) என்றும், “மான்ட்டேகியோவ் நகர் ஏஞ்சலினா” (Angelina of Montegiove) என்றும் அழைக்கப்படும் இவர், ஒரு இத்தாலிய கத்தோலிக்க அருட்சகோதரியும், “ஃபிரான்சிஸ்கன் மூன்றாம்நிலை சபையின் அருட்சகோதரிகளின் சபையின்” (Congregation of Religious Sisters of the Franciscan Third Order Regular) நிறுவனரும் ஆவார். இன்று இச்சபை, "அருளாளர் ஏஞ்சலினின் ஃபிரான்சிஸ்கன் அருட்சகோதரிகள் சபை" (Franciscan Sisters of Blessed Angeline) என்றழைக்கப்படுகிறது.
கி.பி. 1357ம் ஆண்டு, ஊம்ப்ரியாவிலுள்ள மூதாதையர்களின் “மான்ட்டேகியோவ்” என்னும் கோட்டையில் (Castle of Montegiove) பிறந்த இவருடைய தந்தை பெயர் “ஜாகோபோ” (Jacopo Angioballi) ஆகும். இவருடைய தாயார் “அன்னா” (Anna) ஆவார்.
தமது ஆறு வயதிலேயே தமது ஒரு சகோதரியுடன் அனாதரவாகவும் தனிமையிலும் விடப்பட்ட ஏஞ்சலினா, தமது பதினைந்து வயதில், “ஸிவிடெல்லா டெல் ட்ரொன்டோ” (Count of Civitella del Tronto) நகரின் பிரபுவான “கியோவன்னி ட டேர்னி” (Giovanni da Terni) என்பவருக்கு திருமணம் செய்து வைக்கப்பட்டார். ஆனால், இரண்டே வருடங்களில் அவரது கணவர் மரணமடைந்ததால், குழந்தைகளற்ற ஏஞ்சலினா, விதவையானார். தமது கணவரின் தோட்டங்களை நிர்வகிக்கும் பொறுப்பேற்றார்.
பின்னர், தமது வாழ்வினை இறைவனுக்கு அர்ப்பணிக்க தீர்மானித்தார். தமது திருமணத்தின் முன்னரே செயல்படுத்த விரும்பியதை இப்போது சாதித்தார். "மூன்றாம் நிலை ஃபிரான்சிஸ்கன்" சபையில் அருட்சகோதரியாக இணைந்தார்.
பல துணைவர்களுடன் இணைந்து நாட்டின் கிராமங்களில் செயல்படும் வகையில் 'அப்போஸ்தலிக்க சபை' ஒன்றினை தொடங்கினார். "மனம் திரும்புதல் மற்றும் கன்னித்தன்மையின் மதிப்புகளை" போதிக்க ஆரம்பித்தார். அத்துடன், அவசியப்படுபவர்களுக்கு தேவைப்படும் உதவிகளையும், சேவைகளையும் செய்ய ஆரம்பித்தார்.
நாட்டின் இளம்பெண்களை கத்தோலிக்க வாழ்வு வாழ அழைத்த காரணத்தால், இவர் ஒரு மந்திரவாதி என்றும், பெண்களுக்கெதிராக - திருமணம் செய்வதை தடுக்கும் வகையில் போதனைகள் செய்வதாகவும் குற்றம் சாட்டப்பட்டதால் இவரது மத போதனைகளும் செயல்பாடுகளும் தடுத்து நிறுத்தப்பட்டன. நேப்பிள்ஸ் அரசர் “லாடிஸ்லாஸ்” (Ladislas, the King of Naples) அவர்களின் முன்னர் நிறுத்தப்பட்ட ஏஞ்சலினா, தமது தரப்பு வாதங்களை எடுத்து வைத்தார். அவற்றை ஏற்றுக்கொண்ட அரசர், ஏஞ்சலினாவை குற்றச்சாட்டுக்களிலிருந்து விடுவித்தார். ஆனால், மீண்டும் பிரச்சினைகள் ஏற்படாதிருக்கும் பொருட்டு, ஏஞ்சலினாவையும் அவரது தோழர்களையும் நாடு கடத்த உத்தரவிட்டார்.
அதன்பிறகு, ஏஞ்சலினா “அசிசி” (Assisi) பயணமானார். வழியில், "ஃபிரான்சிஸ்கன் சபையின் தொட்டில்" (The Cradle of the Franciscan Order) என அழைக்கப்படும் பேராலயமான “சான்ட மரியாவில்” (Basilica of Santa Maria degli Angeli) இளைப்பாருதலுக்காகவும் செபிப்பதற்காகவும் தங்கினார். அங்கே, அவருக்கு ஆண்டவர் இயேசு காட்சியளித்தார். 'ஃபோலிக்னோ' (Foligno) என்னும் இடத்தில் “மூன்றாம் நிலை ஃபிரான்சிஸ்கன் சபையின்” (Third Order of Saint Francis) சட்டப்படி நடக்கும் “துறவியர் மடம்” ஒன்றினை தொடங்க இறைவன் கட்டளை இட்டார். இதற்கு அங்குள்ள உள்ளூர் ஆயர் ஒப்புதலளித்தார்.
கி.பி. சுமார் 1394ம் ஆண்டு “ஃபோலிக்னோ” (Foligno) என்ற இடத்தில் தங்கிய ஏஞ்சலினா, “புனித அன்னா” (St. Anna) என்ற சிறிய மடாலயத்தில் இணைந்தார். அங்கே தலைமைப் பொறுப்பினை ஏற்ற அவர், கி.பி. 1397ம் ஆண்டு, பன்னிரண்டு பெரும் சபைகளை நிறுவி, அதன் தலைமை பொறுப்பேற்றார். கி.பி. 1435ம் ஆண்டு, இவருடைய மரணத்தின் முன்னரே, இவருடைய சபை “ஃப்ளோரன்ஸ்” (Florence), “ஸ்போலேடோ” (Spoleto), “அசிசி” (Assisi) மற்றும் “விடெர்போ” (Viterbo) ஆகிய இடங்களிலும் விரிவடைந்தது.
கி.பி. 1435ம் ஆண்டு, ஜூலை மாதம், 14ம் நாளன்று, மரணமடைந்த ஏஞ்சலினா, ஃபோலிக்னோவில் (Foligno) உள்ள “புனித ஃபிரான்சிஸ் ஆலயத்தில்” (Church of St. Francis) அடக்கம் செய்யப்பட்டார்.
கி.பி. 1825ம் ஆண்டு, மார்ச் மாதம், 8ம் நாளன்று, திருத்தந்தை பன்னிரெண்டாம் லியோ (Pope Leo XII) அவர்களால் ஏஞ்சலினாவுக்கு அருளாளர் பட்டம் அளிக்கப்பட்டது.
† Saint of the Day †
(July 13)
✠ Blessed Angeline of Marsciano ✠
Foundress and Abbess:
Born: 1377 AD
Montegiove, Umbria, Papal States
Died: July 14, 1435
Foligno, Umbria, Papal States
Venerated in:
Roman Catholic Church
(Third Order of St. Francis and the Poor Clares)
Beatified: March 8, 1825
Pope Leo XII
Major shrine:
Chiesa di San Francesco, Foligno, Perugia, Italy
Feast: July 13
The Blessed Angelina of Marsciano, T.O.R., or Angelina of Montegiove was an Italian Religious Sister and foundress and is a beta of the Roman Catholic Church. She founded a congregation of Religious Sisters of the Franciscan Third Order Regular, known today as the Franciscan Sisters of Blessed Angelina. She is generally credited with the founding of the Third Order Regular for women, as her religious congregation marked the establishment of the first Franciscan community of women living under the Rule of the Third Order Regular authorized by Pope Nicholas V.
Unlike the Second Order of the Franciscan movement, the Poor Clare nuns, they were not an enclosed religious order, but have been active in serving the poor around them for much of their history. She is commemorated by the Franciscans on June 4; her liturgical feast is July 13.
Biographical selection:
Angelina was born in 1377 in Montegiove, near Orvieto, Italy, descending from the Counts of Marsciano on her father's side and the Counts of Corbara on her mother's. At age 12 she consecrated her virginity to God, but three years later her father arranged a marriage for her with the Count of Civitella del Tronto in the Abruzzo region in the Kingdom of Naples.
The girl implored her father to let her consecrate herself to God, but her pleas were made in vain. He even threatened his daughter with death if she would not consent to marry in eight days.
Afflicted in spirit, Angelina had recourse to Our Lord, Who told her to observe the will of her father. Following this counsel, she agreed to marry the Count. The ceremony was performed with great pomp and the traditional feasting.
On the wedding night, the young lady fled to her room, filled with anguish, and knelt at the feet of a crucifix asking Our Lord to protect her. When the Count arrived, he asked the reason for her tears and she told him about her vow. Hearing this, he was touched by grace and desired to follow her example.
Therefore, he knelt beside his young spouse and promised to respect her vow and to live chastely with her as a sister. Both thanked God for the great grace they had received. Two years later, the Count died leaving Angelina free to manage her life.
Angelina entered the Third Order of St. Francis and dedicated herself to works of charity and the conversion of sinners. The many miracles she worked made her famous, which caused her to move to Civitella. When many other young ladies from great families entered Angelina's convent, the nobles of the city became displeased and complained to the King that she was opposing the married vocation. In response to these complaints, the King expelled her from his Kingdom.
She and her companions went to Assisi and then Foligno, where her community of Third Order sisters received papal approval in 1397. She had soon established 15 similar communities of women who followed the Franciscan Rule in other Italian cities. She died on July 14, 1435, as a mother of a great religious family, and was beatified in 1825.
Comments:
This is a very beautiful biography that presents us with the great trials through which Blessed Angelina passed and the great confidence in Divine Providence she showed.
She had made the vow of virginity. Her father determined that she should marry and threatened her with death if she did not obey his command. It is the eternal position of the liberal: When a person makes the vow of virginity, he will even threaten to kill him to prevent him from fulfilling it.
On the contrary, if the person were to choose to be bad and commit a sin, he would grant him full liberty to do so, alleging that every person is free to choose what he wants. Probably, if Angelina’s father would have had a licentious daughter, he would have closed his eyes to her wayward behavior; but since she was not, he became a veritable tyrant.
Someone could object: You are talking about liberalism, but at that time in the Middle Ages liberalism did not exist.
I respond: Liberalism did not exist as a clearly explained doctrine, but liberalism as an impulse, as a habitual state of contradiction and a constant hatred of those who are truly good has always existed since original sin. Hence, here we can properly speak of liberalism.
She turned to God to ask Him what to do; God revealed to her that she should marry. She was obedient, but conserved at the depth of her soul the hope that she would not be asked to lose her beloved virginity. Then, after a day of feasting – a tragic day for the poor young lady – she knelt before the Crucifix and asked Our Lord to come to her aid so that she might remain a virgin in the new state He had ordered her to enter.
Her spouse entered the room and found her weeping near the Crucifix. He asked for the reason. She told him, and he made the decision to live with her as a brother. What a beautiful transformation! It is a true moral miracle!
This change in the attitude of her spouse occurred to reward her confidence because until the last minute she had continued to hope against all hope. Nothing indicated that she would escape the inevitable, but at the last moment there was a miracle and an escape appeared.
Two years later, the young man died and she was free. She had not lost her virginity and was in conditions to consecrate herself fully to her vocation.
She founded a convent that bloomed and attracted many young women. Again, we witness the bad attitude of the parents: They did not want their daughters to follow Angelina and called for her expulsion from the Kingdom of Naples.
Blessed the time when a Saint could found a convent without persecution and become it's superior, attracting young noblewomen who could have a much more agreeable and easy life living in the world! Blessed the time when there was such receptivity for the vocations God gives!
She was expelled from the Kingdom of Naples, but she founded other convents wherever she went. Her work was completed: She had founded a religious congregation. From one failure to another, from trial after trial, she accomplished her whole mission. Many persons became furious with her, but they could not prevent her from fulfilling her vocation. Why?
Because Our Lady had her hand on St. Angelina and, as the hymn of the Marian Congregations records: “The swords of a thousand soldiers are not feared, By one who fights in the shadow of the Immaculate.” Our Lady resolved everything, she conquered everything.
This life gives us a lesson for our apostolate. We must understand that at times we will face unexpected obstacles in the way of the higher, the more difficult, the nobler things that we desire to do, and that this is because Our Lady wants to resolve the case by herself. All human efforts are ineffective in the face of obstacles. But it does not matter. A moment will come when Our Lady intervenes and what was inspired by grace will be accomplished.
We must have confidence in the interior voice in our souls, in what God Our Lord, through the intercession of Our Lady, tells us in the interior of our soul because it will be accomplished.
The Book of Confidence starts with these words: “O Voice of Christ, mysterious voice of grace that resounds in the silence of our souls, Thou murmurs in the depths of our hearts words of sweetness and peace.” How many times indeed do we feel in our soul's movements of grace-filled with sweetness and peace, which lead us to ask things that seem to be impossible to obtain! But, as we continue to hope against all hope in that sweetness and peace, as we continue to pray and act, those promises end by being accomplished.
What is the great hope at the present moment? More than ever, we should hope that in the present tragic siege of the enemies against Our Lady and the Catholic Church, Our Lady will intercede with God to prompt Him to start to act and work His great restoration. We must hope that she wakes up Our Lord, Who seems to be sleeping in the Bark of Peter so that He will start to move and work His wonders. We see the Catholic Cause suffering so many persecutions everywhere, beset by so many trials… But when God will start to move, we will understand what the powerful arm of God is.
~ Late Prof. Plinio Corrêa de Oliveira
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